DE202021101239U1 - Ring beam formwork and ring beam - Google Patents

Abstract

Formwork for a load-bearing structural element for a building, comprising:
- A one-piece body extending in a longitudinal direction with a U-shaped cross-section transverse to the longitudinal direction, wherein
- the body has two side walls extending in the longitudinal direction of the body and a base which extends between the side walls and in the longitudinal direction of the body,
- the body is made of a molded material.

Description

Field of the invention

The present invention relates generally to elements used in the construction of buildings and, more particularly, to ring beam formwork and ring beam.

Background of the invention

In buildings there are areas in which, in addition to the masonry, load-bearing components are advantageous, e.g. to absorb greater tensile and / or bending forces. Examples of such load-bearing components are ring beams and ring anchors.

Ring anchors are defined as horizontal components lying in the plane of the wall to absorb tensile forces. The tensile forces arise in the walls as a result of external loads or differences in deformation. Ring beams are horizontal components lying in the plane of the wall, which, in addition to tensile forces, can also absorb bending moments as a result of loads acting at right angles to the plane of the wall.

Such load-bearing components are often made of concrete, which is cast by means of a formwork, which is removed after the concrete has been cast or hardened or remains together with the concrete; in the latter case one speaks of a so-called lost formwork.

The construction of a formwork for concrete on a construction site is often complicated and lengthy and, if carried out inaccurately, can make pouring concrete more difficult and / or the shape of the hardened concrete is not optimal.

Object of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a solution which enables simpler cladding, in particular for ring beams, or which facilitates the production of load-bearing components in addition to the masonry, in particular ring beams.

Brief summary of the invention

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides subjects according to the independent claims; preferred embodiments are specified in the dependent claims.

• - einen einstückigen sich in einer Längsrichtung erstreckenden Körper mit einem U-förmigen Querschnitt quer zur Längsrichtung, wobei
• - der Körper zwei sich in Längsrichtung des Körpers erstreckenden Seitenwände und einen Boden, der sich zwischen den Seitenwänden und in Längsrichtung des Körpers erstreckt,
• - der Körper aus einem urformbaren Werkstoff hergestellt ist.

For example, the present invention provides formwork for a load-bearing structural element for a building, the formwork comprising:

• - A one-piece body extending in a longitudinal direction with a U-shaped cross-section transverse to the longitudinal direction, wherein
• - the body has two side walls extending in the longitudinal direction of the body and a base which extends between the side walls and in the longitudinal direction of the body,
• - the body is made of a molded material.

The shape of the body can - for illustration - be compared with that of a U-steel or similar.

In the following, “archetype” can be understood as follows: archetype should be the production of a geometrically determined, solid body (e.g. a workpiece) from a - compared to the body - formless material (e.g. a starting material or material) by creating a cohesion of substances can be understood. In particular, a large number of starting materials are included, which can be differentiated, for example, according to their state (liquid, plastic or pasty, pulpy or paste-like, granular or powdery, chip-like, fibrous, gaseous or vaporous, ionized, etc.). Accordingly, the suitability of a starting material for the primary shaping should be designated with archable.

“Primarily malleable” can be understood in the sense of DIN standard 8580 in particular.

One-piece is understood here in particular to mean that the side walls and the base are "made of one piece" and there are no fasteners (e.g. screws, adhesive, angles, snap and / or latching connections, welds, soldering, etc.) Connect the side walls and the floor together.

At least one of the side walls may have an outside that extends in a plane that extends substantially perpendicular to a plane in which an outside of the floor extends.

This embodiment can ensure that, when the formwork is positioned with the outside of the floor, for example on a row of bricks, the outside of the at least one side wall is aligned plane-parallel to the corresponding outside of the row of bricks.

As a result, an essentially continuous, flat surface can be achieved, which, for example, makes plastering easier.

At least one of the side walls may have an inside that extends in a plane that extends substantially perpendicular to a plane in which an inside of the floor extends.

This embodiment can ensure that the space delimited by the floor and the side walls is cuboid. This can make it possible, if the space is filled with concrete, for example, to produce a concrete beam whose cross-section is essentially rectangular.

At least one of the side walls may have an inside that extends in a plane that extends substantially perpendicular to a plane in which an outside of the floor extends.

This embodiment can make it possible, when the space bounded by the side walls and the floor is filled with concrete, for example, to produce a concrete beam which extends parallel to the outside of the floor and thus parallel to its support.

At least one of the side walls may have an end face that extends in a plane that extends substantially parallel to a plane in which an outer side of the floor extends. The end face of a side wall here means, in particular, the side wall surface which - if the U-shape of the cross-section is transverse to the longitudinal direction - lies at the free end of the U-leg.

With this embodiment it can be achieved that the underside of the formwork and the upper side of the formwork are plane-parallel, so that the formwork or a beam or carrier produced therewith is aligned with the surrounding masonry.

At least one of the side walls can have an end face that extends in a plane that extends substantially parallel to a plane in which an inner side of the floor extends. The end face of a side wall here means, in particular, the side wall surface which - if the U-shape of the cross-section is transverse to the longitudinal direction - lies at the free end of the U-leg.

With this embodiment it can be achieved that the upper side of the formwork and the inside of the floor are plane-parallel, so that a beam or carrier produced with it has plane-parallel upper and lower sides.

At least one of the side walls can have an end face which extends parallel in a plane which extends essentially parallel to a plane in which an end face of the base extends.

The floor can have two storage surfaces that are parallel to one another.

An outer wall of at least one side wall can have a groove structure.

Such a groove structure can make plastering easier.

The bottom an inner side can have protruding regions that are spaced apart from one another.

The protruding areas can serve as a support for elements which are to be arranged in the space delimited by the side walls and the floor, but at a distance from the floor. Such an element can for example be a reinforcement which is arranged in the space delimited by the side walls and the floor and then poured over with concrete.

The protruding areas can be webs that extend transversely to the longitudinal direction of the body.

The areas of the inside of the floor between the protruding areas can have essentially planar surfaces.

This embodiment makes it possible, for example, to produce a concrete beam which, apart from the areas where the protruding areas are located, has a substantially planar surface which extends parallel to the ground.

The bottom can have an outer side which is provided with a groove structure and / or with at least one recess, which can extend, for example, in the longitudinal direction.

Such configurations support a connection between the formwork and its support.

In further embodiments it is provided that two or more formwork can be connected to one another. For this purpose, a formwork can have first connecting means at one end, which are complementary to second connecting means at the other end.

Complementary is understood here in particular to mean that the first connecting means are designed in such a way that those with the second connecting means engage in and / or on one another and / or work together to form a connection. To illustrate such connecting means, reference is made to the well-known wooden toy trains for children, rail elements can be connected to one another with plug-in connections. Embodiments of such first and second connecting means are given below.

The base can have a first end face with a recess and a second end face with a protruding structure.

The recess and the protruding structure on the end faces of the base can be designed to be complementary.

The recess and the protruding structure on the end faces of the base can be designed in such a way that they can interact in a form-fitting and / or force-fitting manner.

At least one of the side walls can have a first end face with a recess and a second end face with a protruding structure.

The recess and the protruding structure on the end faces of the side wall can be designed to be complementary.

The recess and the protruding structure on the end faces of the side wall can be designed to be able to interact.

Furthermore, a material thickening can be formed at the transition between at least one of the side walls and the base. With this embodiment, increased stability can be achieved.

• - Expandierbares Polypropylen EPP,
• - Expandierbares Polyethylen EPE,
• - Expandiertes Polystyrol EPS,
• - Kunststoff,
• - Polyvinylchlorid PVC,
• - (Polyethylen PE,
• - Polypropylen PP,
• - Polymethylmethacrylat PMMA,
• - Plexiglas
• - Polyoxymethylen POM,
• - Polyamid PA,
• - Polycarbonat PC,
• - Polyvinylidenfluorid PVDF,
• - Polytetrafluorethylen PTFE,
• - Polysulfone PPS / PPSU,
• - Polyetheretherketon PEEK,
• - Material zur Herstellung von Schaumglas,
• - Popcombaustoff,
• - Sägespäne,
• - Zellulose,
• - Gummi,
• - Moosgummi,
• - Zellkautschuk,
• - Zellkunststoff,
• - Hartgummi,
• - Silikon,
• - Künstliche Mineralfasern,
• - Perlite,
• - Material zur Herstellung von Kalkziegel,
• - Kalksandstein,
• - Kalk,
• - Beton,
• - Porenbetonstein,
• - Geopolymer Zement,
• - Lehm zur Ziegelherstellung,
• - Zellulosebasierte Stoffe,
• - Schäumbares Material,
• - Material zur Herstellung von Aluminiumschaum ,
• - Heraklit,
• - Nachwachsender Rohstoff, wie z.B. Holz, Pflanzenfasern, Algen, Hanf,
• - Papier,
• - Pappe,
• - 3D-Druckmaterial,
• - Farbstoff,
• - Farbpartikel,
• - Farbpigmente.

The primary formable material can comprise at least one of the following materials:

• - Expandable polypropylene EPP,
• - Expandable polyethylene EPE,
• - expanded polystyrene EPS,
• - plastic,
• - polyvinyl chloride PVC,
• - (polyethylene PE,
• - polypropylene PP,
• - polymethyl methacrylate PMMA,
• - plexiglass
• - polyoxymethylene POM,
• - polyamide PA,
• - polycarbonate PC,
• - polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF,
• - polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE,
• - Polysulfone PPS / PPSU,
• - Polyetheretherketone PEEK,
• - material for making foam glass,
• - Popcom building material,
• - sawdust,
• - cellulose,
• - rubber,
• - foam rubber,
• - cellular rubber,
• - cellular plastic,
• - hard rubber,
• - silicone,
• - artificial mineral fibers,
• - perlite,
• - material for making lime bricks,
• - sand-lime brick,
• - Lime,
• - Concrete,
• - aerated concrete block,
• - geopolymer cement,
• - clay for brick making,
• - cellulose-based substances,
• - foamable material,
• - material for making aluminum foam,
• - Heraclitus,
• - Renewable raw materials such as wood, plant fibers, algae, hemp,
• - paper,
• - cardboard,
• - 3D printing material,
• - dye,
• - color particles,
• - color pigments.

At least one outside of the formwork can be provided with a colored layer. Depending on the material used, it is not possible or only possible to a limited extent to give the formwork a desired color at least on the outside. This can be particularly disadvantageous if, for example, it should be avoided based on the color of the formwork to be able to close the material. For example, there is a desire that elements visible in the shell do not look like plastic or the like. By means of a red-colored layer, for example on one or both outer sides of the side walls, the formwork can be given an appearance that is similar to that of brick.

The formwork can be a ring beam formwork.

• - wenigstens eine Schalung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche,
• - Beton in dem vom Boden und den Seitenwänden der jeweiligen Schalung definierten Raum.

The present invention further provides a load bearing component for a building, the component comprising:

• - At least one formwork according to one of the preceding claims,
• - Concrete in the space defined by the floor and the side walls of the respective formwork.

When using two or more formwork, these can be connected to one another.

The formworks can be connected to one another in a form-fitting and / or force-fitting manner.

Metal reinforcement can be provided on the inside of the floor, which is essentially completely enclosed by the concrete.

The metal reinforcement can be supported on the spaced-apart protruding areas provided on the inside of the floor.

The component can be a ring beam.

Figure list

• 1A und 1B Veranschaulichungen einer Ausführungsform,
• 2A und 2B Veranschaulichungen einer weiterer Ausführungsform,
• 3A, 3B und 3C Veranschaulichungen exemplarischer Verbindungsmittel,
• 4 eine Veranschaulichung mehrere mittels Verbindungsmitteln verbundenen Ausführungsformen,
• 5A und 5B Veranschaulichungen einer weiterer Ausführungsform.

The present invention will be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show:

• 1A and 1B Illustrations of an embodiment,
• 2A and 2 B Illustrations of a further embodiment,
• 3A , 3B and 3C Illustrations of exemplary fasteners,
• 4th an illustration of several embodiments connected by means of connecting means,
• 5A and 5B Illustrations of another embodiment.

Explanations of an embodiment or drawing apply in principle to all other embodiments or drawings, even without being repeated in this regard.

Likewise, reference symbols are not repeated in all drawings.

Description of preferred embodiments

In the following, reference is made to ring bars for purposes of illustration. The relevant statements also apply to any type of load-bearing components that are used in addition to the masonry.

1A and 1B are illustrations of one embodiment of a formwork 2 . The formwork 2 is made in one piece from a molded material. The formwork 2 has a bottom 4th and two side walls 6th and 8th on.

The floor 4th has an inside 10 and outside 12th as well as two end faces 14th and 16 on. The end faces 14th and 16 are for illustration front face 14th and rear face 16 .

The side wall 6th has an inside 18th and outside 20th as well as three end faces 22nd , 24 , and 26th on. The end faces 22nd and 24 are for illustration front face 14th and rear face 16 , the face 26th upper face 26th .

The side wall 8th has an inside 28 and outside 30th as well as three end faces 32 , 34 and 36 on. The end faces 32 and 34 are for illustration front face 32 and rear face 34 , the face 36 upper face 36 .

On the inside 10 of the soil 4th are spaced apart protruding areas 38 provided, which are designed as webs as shown.

The areas / bars 38 serve as a support for parts or components that are in from the ground 4th and the side walls 6th and 8th limited space, but the inside 10 of the soil 4th should not (completely) contact. An example of such a component is reinforcement (also called reinforcement) that is poured into concrete, with which the formwork can be filled, for example. The areas / bars 38 , on which the reinforcement comes to rest, ensure that the reinforcement from the inside 10 of the soil 4th is objected to and can be decided on from all sides for backfill material (concrete)

The side wall 6th or their inside 18th and their outside 20th extend perpendicular to the ground 6th or its inside 10 and outside 12th .

The side wall 8th or their inside 28 and their outside 30th extend perpendicular to the ground 6th or its inside 10 and outside 12th .

The upper face 26th Side wall 6th and the top face 36 the side wall 8th extend parallel to the ground 6th or its inside 10 and outside 12th .

The front face 14th and the rear face 16 of the soil 4th are parallel to each other.

In the embodiment of 2A and 2 B are at the transition from the ground 4th to the side wall 6th and at the transition from the ground 4th to the side wall 8th a material thickening in each case 40 or. 42 intended. According to the illustration, these are designed so that they each have one with respect to the floor 4th or the corresponding side wall 6th or. 8th Provide a sloping surface.

The embodiments of 1 and 2 are shown without connecting means described below, but may have such. The connecting means are used to connect formwork when these are arranged in a row viewed in the longitudinal direction. Without connecting means, the example page can be used to connect the embodiments of fixed point 1 and 2 to one another by means of adhesive. It is also possible to simply arrange formwork one behind the other in such a way that the respective front and rear end faces of successive formworks contact one another.

3A , 3B and 3C are illustrations of exemplary connecting means.

According to 3A are on the front end faces 14th , 22nd and 32 Recesses 48 , 50 or. 52 formed while on the rear end faces 16 , 24 and 34 protruding structures 54 , 56 or. 58 are trained.

The recesses 48 , 50 and 52 are designed in such a way that they can accommodate protruding structures from another formwork or the protruding structures 54 , 56 or. 58 are designed so that they can engage in recesses in another formwork. It is therefore said that the recesses 48 , 50 and 52 and the above structures 54 , 56 and 58 are each formed complementary to one another.

According to the illustration, the recesses and the protruding structures are designed in such a way that they interact like tongue and groove or can engage with one another. 4th illustrates several formwork connected by means of recesses and protruding areas.

In further embodiments, snap and / or latching elements on the end faces can be used as connecting means 14th , 16 , 22nd , 24 , 32 and 34 be provided.

Furthermore, embodiments are provided in which at least one recess and at least one protruding region are formed on the front end faces and at least one recess and at least one protruding region are formed on the rear end faces. 3B and 3C show two such variants as examples.

So shows 3B an embodiment in which on the front face 14th of the soil 4th instead of a recess, a protruding structure 60 shaped, whereas on the rear face 16 of the soil 4th instead of a protruding structure, a recess 62 is formed.

According to 3C is on the front face 22nd the side wall 6th instead of a recess, a protruding structure 64 shaped, whereas on the rear face 24 the side wall 6th instead of a protruding structure, a recess 66 is formed.

In the embodiment of 5A and 5B are the outside 20th the side wall 6th and the outside 30th the side wall 8th each with a structured surface 68 or. 70 Mistake. These can already be shaped during the manufacturing process of the formwork, or they can be created afterwards by appropriate processing as required. The structured surfaces support the application and / or attachment of material to the outside of the side walls, such as plaster, paint, panels, insulation material, etc.

Furthermore, on the underside of the formwork 2 , more precisely on / in the outside 12th of the soil 4th In the longitudinal direction extending recesses, grooves or the like can be formed. These can connect the formwork 2 by means of an underlying component (e.g. masonry), for example by means of mortar, adhesive, etc.

List of reference symbols

2

formwork

4th

ground

6th

Side wall

8th

Side wall

10

Inside of the floor

12th

Outside of the floor

14th

Front face of the floor

16

Rear face of the floor

18th

Inside of the side wall 6th

20th

Outside of the side wall 6th

22nd

Front face of the side wall 6th

24

Rear face of the side wall 6th

26th

Upper face of the side wall 6th

28

Inside of the side wall 8th

30th

Outside of the side wall 8th

32

Front face of the side wall 8th

34

Rear face of the side wall 8th

36

Upper face of the side wall 8th

38

spaced apart protruding areas

40

Thickening of the material at the transition from the floor 4th to side wall 6th

42

Thickening of the material at the transition from the floor 4th to side wall 8th

44

Sloping surface of the material thickening 40

46

Sloping surface of the material thickening 42

48

Recess on the front face 14th of the soil 4th

50

Recess on the front face 22nd the side wall 6th

52

Recess on the front face 32 the side wall 8th

54

Protruding structure on the rear face 16 of the soil 4th

56

Protruding structure on the rear face 24 the side wall 6th

58

Protruding structure on the rear face 34 the side wall 8th

60

Protruding structure on the front face 14th of the soil 4th

62

Recess at the rear of the platform 16 of the soil 4th

64

Protruding structure on the front face 22nd the side wall 6th

66

Recess at the rear of the platform 24 the side wall 6th

68

Structured surface on the outside 20th the side wall 6th

70

Structured surface on the outside 30th the side wall 8th

Claims (31)

Formwork for a load-bearing structural element for a building, comprising: - A one-piece body extending in a longitudinal direction with a U-shaped cross-section transverse to the longitudinal direction, wherein - the body has two side walls extending in the longitudinal direction of the body and a base which extends between the side walls and in the longitudinal direction of the body, - the body is made of a molded material. Formwork after Claim 1 wherein at least one of the side walls has an outside that extends in a plane that extends substantially perpendicular to a plane in which an outside of the floor extends. Formwork according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the side walls has an inner side which extends in a plane which extends substantially perpendicular to a plane in which an inner side of the floor extends. Formwork according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the side walls has an inner side which extends in a plane which extends substantially perpendicular to a plane in which an outer side of the floor extends. Formwork according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the side walls has an end face which extends in a plane which extends essentially parallel to a plane in which an outer side of the floor extends. Formwork according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the side walls has an end face which extends in a plane which extends essentially parallel to a plane in which an inner side of the floor extends. Formwork according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the side walls has an end face which extends parallel in a plane which extends essentially parallel to a plane in which an end face of the floor extends. Formwork according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the floor has two storage surfaces parallel to one another. Formwork according to one of the preceding claims, wherein an outer wall of at least one side wall has a groove structure. Formwork according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the bottom has an inner side with protruding regions spaced apart from one another. Formwork according to the preceding claim, wherein the protruding areas are webs which extend transversely to the longitudinal direction of the body. Formwork according to one of the two preceding claims, wherein the areas of the inside of the floor between the protruding areas have essentially flat surfaces. Formwork according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the bottom has an outer side which is provided with a groove structure of a recess. Formwork according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the bottom has an outer side which is provided with at least one recess. Formwork according to the preceding claim, wherein the at least one recess is a groove extending in the longitudinal direction of the body. Formwork according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the base has a first end face with a recess and a second end face with a protruding structure. Formwork according to the preceding claim, wherein the recess and the protruding structure of the floor are designed to be complementary. Formwork according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the recess and the protruding structure of the floor are designed to interact positively and / or non-positively. Formwork according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the side walls has a first end face with a recess and a second end face with a protruding structure. Formwork according to the preceding claim, wherein the recess and the protruding structure are designed to be complementary. Formwork according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the recess and the protruding structure are designed to interact in a form-fitting and / or force-fitting manner. Formwork according to one of the preceding claims, a material thickening being provided at the transition between at least one of the side walls and the floor. Formwork according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the primary formable material comprises at least one of the following materials - Expandable polypropylene EPP, - Expandable polyethylene EPE, - expanded polystyrene EPS, - plastic, - polyvinyl chloride PVC, - (polyethylene PE, - polypropylene PP, - polymethyl methacrylate PMMA, - plexiglass - polyoxymethylene POM, - polyamide PA, - Polycarbonate PC, s - polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF, - polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE, - Polysulfone PPS / PPSU, - Polyetheretherketone PEEK, - material for making foam glass, - Popcom building material, - sawdust, - cellulose, - rubber, - foam rubber, - cellular rubber, - cellular plastic, - hard rubber, - silicone, - artificial mineral fibers, - perlite, - material for making lime bricks, - sand-lime brick, - Lime, -Concrete, - aerated concrete block, - geopolymer cement, - clay for brick making, - cellulose-based substances, - foamable material, - material for making aluminum foam, - Heraclitus, - Renewable raw materials, such as wood, plant fibers, algae, hemp, - paper, - cardboard, - 3D printing material, - dye, - color particles, - color pigments, Formwork according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one outside is provided with a colored layer. Formwork according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the formwork is a ring beam formwork. Load-bearing component for a building, comprising: - a formwork according to one of the preceding claims, - Concrete in the space defined by the floor and side walls. Load-bearing component according to the preceding claim, further comprising a further formwork with concrete in the space defined by the bottom and side walls thereof, the formworks being connected to one another. Load-bearing component according to the preceding claim, wherein the formwork is positively and / or non-positively connected to one another. Load-bearing component according to one of the three preceding claims, wherein a metal reinforcement is positioned on the inside of the floor and is essentially completely enclosed by the concrete. Load-bearing component according to one of the four preceding claims, wherein the metal reinforcement is supported on the spaced-apart protruding areas provided on the inside of the floor. Load-bearing component according to one of the five preceding claims, wherein the load-bearing component is an annular beam.

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