EP0936320A1 - Structural concrete member - Google Patents

Structural concrete member Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0936320A1
EP0936320A1 EP99102328A EP99102328A EP0936320A1 EP 0936320 A1 EP0936320 A1 EP 0936320A1 EP 99102328 A EP99102328 A EP 99102328A EP 99102328 A EP99102328 A EP 99102328A EP 0936320 A1 EP0936320 A1 EP 0936320A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
concrete
component according
shell
reinforcement
fiber
Prior art date
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Granted
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EP99102328A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0936320B1 (en
Inventor
Herbert H. Dr.-Ing. Kahmer
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SYSPRO-GRUPPE BETONBAUTEILE E.V.
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Syspro-Gruppe Betonbauteile eV
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
    • E04B2/8611—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with spacers being embedded in at least one form leaf
    • E04B2/8617—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with spacers being embedded in at least one form leaf with spacers being embedded in both form leaves
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
    • E04B5/36—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor
    • E04B5/38—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor with slab-shaped form units acting simultaneously as reinforcement; Form slabs with reinforcements extending laterally outside the element
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/06—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres reinforced

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a concrete building element with a concrete shell and elements for connection with a plate element arranged at a distance from the concrete shell.
  • the present invention provides a new concrete component that can be used as lost formwork of the type mentioned above, which is compared to components Transport and assemble according to the state of the art with less effort leaves.
  • the concrete structural element according to the invention that solves this problem is characterized in that that the connecting elements cast in the concrete shell reinforcement strands include and into the concrete shell to form a mesh reinforcement grid cast in additional reinforcement strands crossing the reinforcement strands are.
  • concrete components with reduced concrete shells can be made produce by a reinforcement grid at least partially through the connecting elements is formed.
  • reinforcement meshes were added poured into the connecting elements in the plates, which in total more space and required a correspondingly large plate thickness.
  • the further reinforcement strands are through the connecting elements when pouring the concrete shell at a distance from Spacers holding the scarf bottom are formed.
  • the parts are advantageous of the reinforcement grid has a double function.
  • the connecting elements are preferably by means of lattice girders and the reinforcement strands formed by straps of the lattice girders.
  • the concrete component is a double wall component with a further concrete shell having the reinforcement grid mentioned as a plate element.
  • the concrete exhibits a shrinkage crack formation counteracting, in particular formed by plastic fibers fiber additive, wherein the thickness of the concrete shell or further concrete shell below about 40 mm, preferably is in the range of 25 to 30 mm.
  • the grid length is 20 to 40 cm, and there are square grid areas provided.
  • the fiber dimensions and the fiber concentrations are chosen so that Shrinkage crack widths of less than 0.04 mm result, with the strength of the reinforcement grid and the shell thickness is provided in such a way that the concrete pressure resilience the concrete shell or further concrete shell from the crack width 0 to the crack width from drops about 0.04 mm by less than 10%.
  • Such a small waste can be particularly then achieve when the ratio of the concrete shell thickness to the grid dimension is less than 0.1 and in particular is about 0.08.
  • Fiber lengths of 4 to 18 mm, preferably 6 mm in length, are preferred. used.
  • the fiber length should in particular be smaller than the cross-sectional dimensions of the Reinforcement strands and / or other reinforcement strands. In this case, pressing the reinforcement grid into the poured concrete as far as it will go against the spacers or when pressing in the lattice girders together with the spacers an even fiber distribution is maintained in the concrete. With longer ones Fibers would compress in the direction of insertion before the reinforcement strands result, while behind it a lack of fibers favoring the formation of shrinkage prevails.
  • the fiber mass content in the concrete shell or further concrete shell is preferably below 5 kg / m 3 . Such an amount is sufficient to limit the shrinkage cracking or shrinkage cracking to the above-mentioned level.
  • the fiber tensile strength T is preferably in the range from 300 to 400 N / mm 2 , in particular approximately 350 N / mm 2 , with a concrete compressive strength P without fiber reinforcement between 25 and 35 N / mm 2 .
  • the ratio of the fiber tensile strength T to the concrete compressive strength P is preferably chosen to be less than 15.
  • FIG. 1 shows a concrete building element according to the prior art with the Reference numerals 1 'and 2' each denote 5 cm thick concrete slabs, which are connected via lattice girders 3 ' are connected to an 18 cm thick double wall component.
  • Into the concrete slabs 1 ' and 2 ' is a reinforcement grid 20 or 21 with reinforcing bars crossing each other poured.
  • reference numerals 1 and 2 denote concrete slabs, the thickness of which is 30 mm in the exemplary embodiment shown.
  • the concrete slabs 1 and 2 are over Lattice girder 3, the straps 4 and 5 are cast into the concrete slabs, connected to each other.
  • the straps 4 and 5 are further from in forming a square grid crossed the concrete cast strands 6 and 7.
  • the grid length R is in the embodiment shown 35 cm. With 8 are on the spacer strands 6 and 7 attached, placed on a formwork support frames.
  • the distance between the concrete slabs 1 and 2 is in the embodiment shown 40 mm.
  • Plastic fibers are embedded in the concrete of the plates 1 and 2.
  • the plastic fibers are acrylic fibers, preferably polyacrylonitrile fibers.
  • the plastic fibers have a length of 6 mm and are not profiled.
  • the length of the fibers is less than 1 g / km.
  • the fiber tensile strength T is about 350 N / mm 2 , the fiber dosage just below 5 kg / m 3 . At this dosage, the concrete tensile strength is not significantly increased by the fibers. The increase is less than 10%.
  • the concrete used, without the fibers, has a concrete compressive strength P in the range from 35 to 35 N / mm 2 after complete hardening.
  • the ratio of fiber tensile strength T / concrete compressive strength P is less than 15.
  • FIG. 3 where the concrete component according to 1 and 2 is shown when used as lost formwork.
  • the gap between the concrete slabs 1 and 2 is poured through in-situ concrete 9, depending on the pouring speed, i.e. Depending on the increase in the filling level per unit of time, different concreting pressures Arrows 10 drawn accordingly.
  • the concrete pressure increases with increasing pouring speed, in each case with the pouring speed Amount of still liquid. Concrete capable of exerting a heavy pressure grows. For fast processing of the concrete components is a high load capacity of the Concrete slabs 1 and 2 desirable.
  • a high concrete strength is due to the reinforcement grid formed from the lattice girder straps and spacer strands, although its grid length R is significantly larger than the corresponding length conventionally reinforcement mesh used.
  • the load-bearing capacity of the concrete building element is included both the reinforcement grid and the concrete itself are decisive. Concrete slabs with a reinforcement grid formed in this way can be in with high accuracy produce relatively small thickness, because over the already necessary distanceholter and connecting elements no additional reinforcement strands to form a reinforcement grid must be provided.
  • a high load capacity of the concrete slabs 1 and 2 due to concrete pressure is also ensures that the fiber additive at least when the concrete is still young Counteracts shrinkage cracking in the concrete slabs.
  • By setting and curing of the concrete shrinkage cracks increases the tensile strength of the concrete slabs 1 and 2 with increasing shrinkage width.
  • the concrete pressure load capacity Pb is dependent on the crack width W based on curves 11 and 12, wherein curve 11 relates to a double-walled concrete component, as described above, with a plate thickness of 30 mm and a grid length of 35 cm and curve 12 on such a component with a plate thickness of 40 mm and a grid length of 40 cm. All other parameters including fiber addition vote for the concrete components on which the two curves 11 and 12 are based match.
  • the concreting pressure capacity increases with the lower one Curve 11 with increasing crack width W initially barely. With a crack width of 0.04 mm the decrease is still less than 10%.
  • the curve 11 corresponds to a ratio of the plate thickness to the grid length of 0.08. In the upper curve 12, which has such a ratio of 0.1 is based, there is a greater decrease in the concrete pressure resistance.
  • the dimensions, the strength of the reinforcement grid and the inherent strength are advantageous the concrete of the concrete component described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 is selected that there is a broad plateau according to curve 11, so that even when Shrinkage cracks up to a shrinkage crack width of 0.04 mm are not yet a noteworthy reduction the concrete pressure load capacity occurs.
  • a special feature of the component described here is that the addition of fibers prevents shrinkage and shrinkage cracks as long as the concrete is still young.
  • a relatively high concrete pressure resistance of the concrete slabs 1 and 2 is guaranteed, which makes it possible to process the concrete slabs immediately after their production, preferably at the age of 8 to 16 hours, and to load them with the concrete pressure of the in-situ concrete. Cracks formed by unintentional overloading during concreting, for example through the use of compaction equipment, can be rearranged.
  • the short length of the fibers ensures that spacers and lattice girders pressed into the freshly poured concrete slabs, especially in the knot areas, do not impair the uniformity of the fiber distribution in the concrete by rearranging the short fibers with the displaced concrete.
  • the spacer parts can have a low tensile strength.
  • the concrete tensile strength can be activated within the mesh grid. By the opportunity to process the concrete building elements in the young state of the concrete slabs time is saved.
  • the fiber addition is particularly in the knot areas between the lattice girder belts and the spacer strands of formation prevented from thrust and bending cracks.
  • the lattice girder straps and spacer strands can be connected together, e.g. welded, be.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a concrete component according to the invention, for the same or equivalent parts with the same, but with the letter a provided reference numerals as in the previous embodiment.
  • the embodiment of Fig. 6 differs from the previous embodiment in that U-profiles as connecting elements instead of lattice girders with U-legs are used to form reinforcement strands 4a, 5a.
  • the U-profiles consist of a 0.6 mm thick sheet.
  • the Length of the U-legs is 50 mm; the length of the base leg 100 mm.
  • the length of the base leg varies in depending on the dimensions of the concrete component Grid distances of 25 mm between 50 mm and 150 mm.
  • Such fasteners with a U-shaped cross section can e.g. be formed by aluminum profiles.
  • the concrete bou elements described above can e.g. for the establishment of Interior walls can be used.
  • a concrete building element could be a roof element.
  • Concrete building element as a floor or ceiling element for balconies, taking into account single-shell such element with connecting elements projecting upwards below Formation of the balcony floor cast concrete is pourable.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)

Abstract

The concrete construction slab, molded with lost shells, has bindings (3) in the reinforcements (4,5) cast in the concrete shells. The reinforcements form an intersecting grid, with further reinforcements (6,7) in the shells. The shell reinforcements are pref. supporting belts for the grid carriers (3) and the additional reinforcements (6,7). Spacers are at the bottom of the shells. The concrete has a fiber additive, as resistance against distortion cracking, especially of plastics fibers.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Betonbauelement mit einer Betonschale und Elementen zur Verbindung mit einem zu der Betonschale im Abstand angeordneten Plattenelement.The invention relates to a concrete building element with a concrete shell and elements for connection with a plate element arranged at a distance from the concrete shell.

Es sind solche doppelschalig mit einer weiteren Betonschale als Plattenelement ausgebildete Betonbauelemente bekannt, deren Verbindungselemente durch Gitterträger gebildet sind. Bei der Errichtung von Wänden oder Böden dienen diese Betonbauelemente zumeist als verlorene Schalung, indem der Raum zwischen den Betonschalen durch Ortbeton ausgegossen wird. In die Betonschalen solcher herkömmlichen Betonbauelemente sind gewöhnlich Bewehrungsgitter eingegossen. Die Betonschalendicke beträgt ca. 5cm bei einer Gesamtdicke der Doppelwand von ca. 18 cm.There are double-skinned with another concrete shell as a plate element Concrete components known, the connecting elements formed by lattice girders are. These concrete building elements are mostly used when erecting walls or floors as lost formwork, by pouring the space between the concrete shells with in-situ concrete becomes. Such conventional concrete components are common in the concrete shells Reinforced mesh. The concrete shell thickness is approx. 5 cm for one Total thickness of the double wall of approx. 18 cm.

Durch die vorliegende Erfindung wird ein als verlorene Schalung verwendbares neues Betonbauelement der eingangs erwähnten Art geschaffen, das sich gegenüber Bauelementen nach dem Stand der Technik mit geringerem Aufwand transportieren und montieren läßt.The present invention provides a new concrete component that can be used as lost formwork of the type mentioned above, which is compared to components Transport and assemble according to the state of the art with less effort leaves.

Das diese Aufgabe lösende Betonbauelement nach der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindungselemente in die Betonschale eingegossene Bewehrungsstränge umfassen und in die Betonschale unter Bildung eines maschenförmigen Bewehrungsrasters die Bewehrungsstränge kreuzende weitere Bewehrungsstränge eingegossen sind. The concrete structural element according to the invention that solves this problem is characterized in that that the connecting elements cast in the concrete shell reinforcement strands include and into the concrete shell to form a mesh reinforcement grid cast in additional reinforcement strands crossing the reinforcement strands are.

Durch diese Erfindungslösung lassen sich Betonbauteile mit in ihrer Dicke reduzierten Betonschalen herstellen, indem ein Bewehrungsraster wenigstens zum Teil durch die Verbindungselemente gebildet wird. Nach dem Stand der Technik wurden Bewehrungsgitter zusätzlich zu den Verbindungselementen in die Platten eingegossen, was insgesamt mehr Platz und eine entsprechend große Plattendicke erforderte.With this solution of the invention, concrete components with reduced concrete shells can be made produce by a reinforcement grid at least partially through the connecting elements is formed. According to the state of the art, reinforcement meshes were added poured into the connecting elements in the plates, which in total more space and required a correspondingly large plate thickness.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind die weiteren Bewehrungsstränge durch die Verbindungselemente beim Ausgießen der Betonschale im Abstand vom Schalboden haltende Abstandhalter gebildet. Vorteilhaft kommt in diesem Fall den Teilen des Bewehrungsrasters eine Doppelfunktion zu.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the further reinforcement strands are through the connecting elements when pouring the concrete shell at a distance from Spacers holding the scarf bottom are formed. In this case, the parts are advantageous of the reinforcement grid has a double function.

Vorzugsweise sind die Verbindungselemente durch Gitterträger und die Bewehrungsstränge durch Gurte der Gitterträger gebildet.The connecting elements are preferably by means of lattice girders and the reinforcement strands formed by straps of the lattice girders.

In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist das Betonbauelement ein Doppelwandbauelement mit einer das genannte Bewehrungsraster aufweisenden weiteren Betonschale als Plattenelement.In a particularly preferred embodiment, the concrete component is a double wall component with a further concrete shell having the reinforcement grid mentioned as a plate element.

In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weist der Beton einen der Schwindrißbildung entgegenwirkenden, insbesondere durch Kunststoffasern gebildeten Faserzusatz auf, wobei die Dicke der Betonschale bzw. weiteren Betonschale unterhalb von etwa 40 mm, vorzugsweise im Bereich von 25 bis 30 mm, liegt. Die Rasterlänge beträgt 20 bis 40 cm, und es sind quadratische Rasterbereiche vorgesehen.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the concrete exhibits a shrinkage crack formation counteracting, in particular formed by plastic fibers fiber additive, wherein the thickness of the concrete shell or further concrete shell below about 40 mm, preferably is in the range of 25 to 30 mm. The grid length is 20 to 40 cm, and there are square grid areas provided.

Insbesondere sind die Faserabmessungen und die Faserkonzentrationen so gewählt, daß sich Schwindrißweiten kleiner als 0,04 mm ergeben, wobei die Festigkeit des Bewehrungsrasters und die Schalendicke derart vorgesehen daß die Betonierdruckbelastbarkeit der Betonschale bzw. weiteren Betonschale von der Rißweite 0 an bis zu der Rißweite von etwa 0,04 mm um weniger als 10% abfällt. Ein solcher geringer Abfall läßt sich insbesondere dann erreichen, wenn das Verhältnis von Betonschalendicke und Rastermaß kleiner 0,1 ist und insbesondere bei etwa 0,08 liegt.In particular, the fiber dimensions and the fiber concentrations are chosen so that Shrinkage crack widths of less than 0.04 mm result, with the strength of the reinforcement grid and the shell thickness is provided in such a way that the concrete pressure resilience the concrete shell or further concrete shell from the crack width 0 to the crack width from drops about 0.04 mm by less than 10%. Such a small waste can be particularly then achieve when the ratio of the concrete shell thickness to the grid dimension is less than 0.1 and in particular is about 0.08.

Vorzugsweise werden Faserlängen von 4 bis 18 mm, vorzugsweise mit einer Länge von 6 mm, verwendet. Die Faserlänge sollte insbesondere kleiner als die Querschnittsabmessungen der Bewehrungsstränge oder/und weiteren Bewehrungsstränge sein. In diesem Fall wird bei einem Eindrücken des Bewehrungsgitters in den ausgegossenen Beton bis zum Anschlag gegen die Abstandhalter oder beim Eindrücken der Gitterträger zusammen mit den Abstandhaltern im Beton eine gleichmäßige Faserverteilung erhalten bleiben. Bei längeren Fasern würde sich in Eindrückrichtung vor den Bewehrungssträngen eine Faserverdichtung ergeben, während dahinter ein die Schwindrißbildung begünstigender Fasermangel herrscht.Fiber lengths of 4 to 18 mm, preferably 6 mm in length, are preferred. used. The fiber length should in particular be smaller than the cross-sectional dimensions of the Reinforcement strands and / or other reinforcement strands. In this case, pressing the reinforcement grid into the poured concrete as far as it will go against the spacers or when pressing in the lattice girders together with the spacers an even fiber distribution is maintained in the concrete. With longer ones Fibers would compress in the direction of insertion before the reinforcement strands result, while behind it a lack of fibers favoring the formation of shrinkage prevails.

Der Fasermassegehalt in der Betonschale bzw. weiteren Betonschale liegt vorzugsweise unterhalb 5 kg/m3. Eine solche Menge reicht aus, um die Schwindrißbildung bzw. Schrumpfrißbildung auf das obengenannte Maß zu begrenzen.The fiber mass content in the concrete shell or further concrete shell is preferably below 5 kg / m 3 . Such an amount is sufficient to limit the shrinkage cracking or shrinkage cracking to the above-mentioned level.

Die Faserzugfestigkeit T liegt vorzugsweise im Bereich von 300 bis 400 N/mm2, insbesondere bei etwa 350 N/mm2, bei einer Betondruckfestigkeit P ohne Faserbewehrung zwischen 25 und 35 N/mm2. Vorzugsweise wird das Verhältnis der Faserzugfestigkeit T zur Betondruckfestigkeit P kleiner als 15 gewählt.The fiber tensile strength T is preferably in the range from 300 to 400 N / mm 2 , in particular approximately 350 N / mm 2 , with a concrete compressive strength P without fiber reinforcement between 25 and 35 N / mm 2 . The ratio of the fiber tensile strength T to the concrete compressive strength P is preferably chosen to be less than 15.

Die Erfindung soll nun anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels und der beiliegenden, sich auf dieses Ausführungsbeispiel beziehenden Zeichnungen näher erläutert und beschrieben werden. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
ein Betonbauelement nach dem Stand der Technik in einer Querschnittsansicht,
Fig. 2
ein erfindungsgemäßes Betonbauelement in einer Querschnittsansicht,
Fig. 3
das erfindungsgemäße Betonbauelement von Fig. 1 in einer geschnittenen Draufsicht,
Fig. 4
das erfindungsgemäße Bauelement gemäß den Fig. 1 und 2 bei einer Verwendung als verlorene Schalung,
Fig. 5
ein Diagramm, das für verschieden bemessene erfindungsgemäße Betonbauelemente die Belastbarkeit durch Betonierdruck Pb in Abhängigkeit von der Rißweite im Beton zeigt, und
Fig. 6
ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel für ein erfindungsgemäßes Betonbauelement in einer Querschnittsansicht.
The invention will now be explained and described in more detail using an exemplary embodiment and the accompanying drawings relating to this exemplary embodiment. Show it:
Fig. 1
a concrete component according to the prior art in a cross-sectional view,
Fig. 2
a concrete component according to the invention in a cross-sectional view,
Fig. 3
1 in a sectional plan view,
Fig. 4
1 and 2 when used as lost formwork,
Fig. 5
a diagram showing the resilience by pouring pressure Pb as a function of the crack width in the concrete for different sized concrete components according to the invention, and
Fig. 6
a further embodiment of a concrete component according to the invention in a cross-sectional view.

In der ein Betonbauelement nach dem Stand der Technik zeigenden Fig. 1 sind mit dem Bezugszeichen 1' und 2' jeweils 5 cm dicke Betonplatten bezeichnet, die über Gitterträger 3' zu einem 18 cm dicken Doppelwandbauelement verbunden sind. In die Betonplatten 1' und 2' ist jeweils ein Bewehrungsgitter 20 bzw. 21 mit sich kreuzenden Bewehrungsstäben eingegossen. 1 shows a concrete building element according to the prior art with the Reference numerals 1 'and 2' each denote 5 cm thick concrete slabs, which are connected via lattice girders 3 ' are connected to an 18 cm thick double wall component. Into the concrete slabs 1 ' and 2 'is a reinforcement grid 20 or 21 with reinforcing bars crossing each other poured.

In den Fig. 2 bis 4 sind mit den Bezugszeichen 1 und 2 Betonplatten bezeichnet, deren Dicke in dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel 30 mm beträgt. Die Betonplatten 1 und 2 sind über Gitterträger 3, deren Gurte 4 und 5 in die Betonplatten eingegossen sind, miteinander verbunden. Die Gurte 4 und 5 werden unter Bildung eines quadratischen Rasters von ferner in den Beton eingegossenen Gitterträgersträngen 6 bzw. 7 gekreuzt. Die Rasterlänge R beträgt in dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel 35 cm. Mit 8 sind an den Abstandhaltersträngen 6 und 7 angebrachte, auf einen Schalboden aufsetzbare Trägerböcke bezeichnet.2 to 4, reference numerals 1 and 2 denote concrete slabs, the thickness of which is 30 mm in the exemplary embodiment shown. The concrete slabs 1 and 2 are over Lattice girder 3, the straps 4 and 5 are cast into the concrete slabs, connected to each other. The straps 4 and 5 are further from in forming a square grid crossed the concrete cast strands 6 and 7. The grid length R is in the embodiment shown 35 cm. With 8 are on the spacer strands 6 and 7 attached, placed on a formwork support frames.

Der Abstand zwischen den Betonplatten 1 und 2 beträgt in dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel 40 mm.The distance between the concrete slabs 1 and 2 is in the embodiment shown 40 mm.

In den Beton der Platten 1 und 2 sind in den Figuren nicht dargestellte Kunststoffasern eingebettet. Bei den Kunststoffasern handelt es sich um Acrylfasern, vorzugsweise Polyacrylnitrilfasern. Die Kunststoffasern weisen in dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel eine Länge von 6 mm auf und sind nicht profiliert. Die Längenmasse der Fasern beträgt weniger als 1 g/km. Die Faserzugfestigkeit T liegt bei etwas 350 N/mm2, die Faserdosierung knapp unterhalb 5 kg/m3. Bei dieser Dosierung ist die Betonzugfestigkeit durch die Fasern nicht wesentlich erhöht. Die Erhöhung beträgt weniger als 10%.Plastic fibers, not shown, are embedded in the concrete of the plates 1 and 2. The plastic fibers are acrylic fibers, preferably polyacrylonitrile fibers. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the plastic fibers have a length of 6 mm and are not profiled. The length of the fibers is less than 1 g / km. The fiber tensile strength T is about 350 N / mm 2 , the fiber dosage just below 5 kg / m 3 . At this dosage, the concrete tensile strength is not significantly increased by the fibers. The increase is less than 10%.

Der verwendete Beton weist ohne die Fasern nach vollständiger Aushärtung eine Betondruckfestigkeit P im Bereich von 35 bis 35 N/mm2 auf. Das Verhältnis von Faserzugfestigkeit T/Betondruckfestigkeit P ist kleiner als 15.The concrete used, without the fibers, has a concrete compressive strength P in the range from 35 to 35 N / mm 2 after complete hardening. The ratio of fiber tensile strength T / concrete compressive strength P is less than 15.

Es wird nun insbesondere auf Fig. 3 Bezug genommen, wo das Betonbauelement gemäß den Fig. 1 und 2 bei einer Verwendung als verlorene Schalung gezeigt ist. Der Zwischenraum zwischen den Betonplatten 1 und 2 ist durch Ortbeton 9 ausgegossen, wobei je nach Ausgießgeschwindigkeit, d.h. je nach Zunahme der Füllhöhe je Zeiteninheit, unterschiedliche Betonierdrücke entsprechend eingezeichneten Pfeilen 10 entstehen. Der Betonierdruck wächst mit steigender Ausgießgeschwindigkeit, indem mit der Ausgießgeschwindigkeit jeweils die Höhe des noch flüssigen. zur Ausübung eines Schweredrucks fähigen Betons anwächst. Zur schnellen Verarbeitung der Betonbauelemente ist eine hohe Betonierbelastbarkeit der Betonplatten 1 und 2 wünschenswert.Reference is now made in particular to FIG. 3, where the concrete component according to 1 and 2 is shown when used as lost formwork. The gap between the concrete slabs 1 and 2 is poured through in-situ concrete 9, depending on the pouring speed, i.e. Depending on the increase in the filling level per unit of time, different concreting pressures Arrows 10 drawn accordingly. The concrete pressure increases with increasing pouring speed, in each case with the pouring speed Amount of still liquid. concrete capable of exerting a heavy pressure grows. For fast processing of the concrete components is a high load capacity of the Concrete slabs 1 and 2 desirable.

Bei dem beschriebenen Betonbauelement wird eine hohe Betonierbelastbarkeit durch das aus den Gitterträgergurten und Abstandhaltersträngen gebildete Bewehrungsraster erreicht, obwohl dessen Rasterlänge R wesentlich größer als die entsprechende Länge herkömmlich verwendeter Bewehrungsgitter ist. Für die Tragfähigkeit des Betonbauelements sind dabei sowohl das Bewehrungsraster als auch der Beton selbst maßgebend. Betonplatten mit einem auf diese Weise gebildeten Bewehrungsraster lassen sich mit hoher Genauigkeit in verhältnismäßig geringer Dicke herstellen, weil über die ohnehin notwendigen Abstandholter und Verbindungselemente hinaus keine zusätzlichen Bewehrungsstränge zur Bildung eines Bewehrungsgitters vorgesehen werden müssen.In the concrete component described, a high concrete strength is due to the reinforcement grid formed from the lattice girder straps and spacer strands, although its grid length R is significantly larger than the corresponding length conventionally reinforcement mesh used. The load-bearing capacity of the concrete building element is included both the reinforcement grid and the concrete itself are decisive. Concrete slabs with a reinforcement grid formed in this way can be in with high accuracy produce relatively small thickness, because over the already necessary distanceholter and connecting elements no additional reinforcement strands to form a reinforcement grid must be provided.

Eine hohe Belastbarkeit der Betonplatten 1 und 2 durch Betonierdruck ist andererseits aber auch dadurch gewährleistet, daß der Faserzusatz wenigstens bei noch jungem Beton einer Schwindrißbildung in den Betonplatten entgegenwirkt. Durch die beim Abbinden und Aushärten des Betons auftretenden Schwindrisse nimmt die Zugfestigkeit der Betonplatten 1 und 2 mit wachsender Schwindrißweite ab.On the other hand, a high load capacity of the concrete slabs 1 and 2 due to concrete pressure is also ensures that the fiber additive at least when the concrete is still young Counteracts shrinkage cracking in the concrete slabs. By setting and curing of the concrete shrinkage cracks increases the tensile strength of the concrete slabs 1 and 2 with increasing shrinkage width.

Die Betonierdruckbelastbarkeit Pb ist in Abhängigkeit von der Rißweite W anhand von Kurven 11 und 12 dargestellt, wobei sich die Kurve 11 auf ein doppelwandiges Betonbauelement, wie vorangehend beschrieben, mit einer Plattendicke von 30 mm und einer Rasterlänge von 35 cm und die Kurve 12 auf ein solches Bauelement mit einer Plattendicke von 40 mm und einer Rasterlänge von 40 cm bezieht. Alle anderen Parameter einschließlich Faserzusatz stimmen für die den beiden Kurven 11 und 12 zugrundeliegenden Betonbauelemente überein.The concrete pressure load capacity Pb is dependent on the crack width W based on curves 11 and 12, wherein curve 11 relates to a double-walled concrete component, as described above, with a plate thickness of 30 mm and a grid length of 35 cm and curve 12 on such a component with a plate thickness of 40 mm and a grid length of 40 cm. All other parameters including fiber addition vote for the concrete components on which the two curves 11 and 12 are based match.

Wie Fig. 4 entnommen werden kann, nimmt die Betonierdruckbelastbarkeit bei der unteren Kurve 11 mit wachsender Rißweite W zunächst kaum ab. Bei einer Rißweite von 0,04 mm ist die Abnahme noch geringer als 10% ist. Der Kurve 11 entspricht ein Verhältnis der Plattendicke zur Rasterlänge von 0,08. Bei der oberen Kurve 12, der ein solches Verhältnis von 0,1 zugrundeliegt, ist ein stärkerer Abfall der Betonierdruckbelastbarkeit zu verzeichnen.As can be seen in FIG. 4, the concreting pressure capacity increases with the lower one Curve 11 with increasing crack width W initially barely. With a crack width of 0.04 mm the decrease is still less than 10%. The curve 11 corresponds to a ratio of the plate thickness to the grid length of 0.08. In the upper curve 12, which has such a ratio of 0.1 is based, there is a greater decrease in the concrete pressure resistance.

Vorteilhaft sind die Abmessungen die Festigkeit des Bewehrungsrasters und die Eigenfestigkeit des Betons des anhand der Fig. 1 bis 3 beschriebenen Betonbauelements so gewählt, daß sich ein breites Plateau gemäß Kurve 11 ergibt, so daß selbst bei Auftreten von Schwindrissen bis zu einer Schwindrißweite von 0,04 mm noch keine nennenswerte Verringerung der Betonierdruckbelastbarkeit auftritt.The dimensions, the strength of the reinforcement grid and the inherent strength are advantageous the concrete of the concrete component described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 is selected that there is a broad plateau according to curve 11, so that even when Shrinkage cracks up to a shrinkage crack width of 0.04 mm are not yet a noteworthy reduction the concrete pressure load capacity occurs.

Eine Besonderheit des hier beschriebenen Bauelements besteht daß durch den Faserzusatz Schrumpf- und Schwindrißbildungen verhindert werden, solange der Beton noch jung ist. Somit ist im jungen Zustand des Betons eine verhältnismäßig hohe Betonierdruckbelastbarkeit der Betonplatten 1 und 2 gewährleistet, die es ermöglicht, die Betonplatten unmittelbar nach ihrer Herstellung, vorzugsweise im Alter von 8 bis 16 Stunden, zu verarbeiten und durch den Betonierdruck des Ortbetons zu belasten. Durch ungewollte Überlastung beim Betonieren, z.B. durch Verwendung von Verdichtungsgeräten, gebildete Risse können umgelagert werden.
Durch die geringe Länge der Fasern ist gewährleistet, daß in die frisch ausgegossenen Betonplatten eingedrückte Abstandhalter und Gitterträger insbesondere in den Knotenbereichen, die Gleichmäßigkeit der Faserverteilung im Beton nicht beeinträchtigen, indem die kurzen Fasern mit dem verdrängten Beton umgelagert werden.A special feature of the component described here is that the addition of fibers prevents shrinkage and shrinkage cracks as long as the concrete is still young. Thus, in the young state of the concrete, a relatively high concrete pressure resistance of the concrete slabs 1 and 2 is guaranteed, which makes it possible to process the concrete slabs immediately after their production, preferably at the age of 8 to 16 hours, and to load them with the concrete pressure of the in-situ concrete. Cracks formed by unintentional overloading during concreting, for example through the use of compaction equipment, can be rearranged.
The short length of the fibers ensures that spacers and lattice girders pressed into the freshly poured concrete slabs, especially in the knot areas, do not impair the uniformity of the fiber distribution in the concrete by rearranging the short fibers with the displaced concrete.

Die Abstandhalterteile können eine geringe Zugfestigkeit aufweisen. Es sind Stahlströnge mit Durchmessern kleiner 4 mm oder Kunststoffstränge mit Durchmessern kleiner 15 mm verwendbar.The spacer parts can have a low tensile strength. There are steel strings with Diameters smaller than 4 mm or plastic strands with diameters smaller than 15 mm can be used.

Durch den mit der Dünnwandigkeit der Platten verbundenen Raumgewinn sinkt der für den Transport von der Fertigungsstätte zur Baustelle erforderliche Aufwand. Auch der Montage aufwand ist verringert.Due to the space gain associated with the thin walls of the panels, the space for him decreases Transport required from the production site to the construction site. Even assembly effort is reduced.

Die Betonzugfestigkeit kann zielsicher innerhalb der Maschenraster aktiviert werden. Durch die Möglichkeit, die Betonbauelemente im jungen Zustand der Betonplatten verarbeiten zu können, ergibt sich ein Zeitgewinn. Durch den Faserzusatz wird insbesondere in den Knotenbereichen zwischen den Gitterträgergurten und den Abstandhaltersträngen einer Bildung von Schub- und Biegerissen vorgebeugt.The concrete tensile strength can be activated within the mesh grid. By the opportunity to process the concrete building elements in the young state of the concrete slabs time is saved. The fiber addition is particularly in the knot areas between the lattice girder belts and the spacer strands of formation prevented from thrust and bending cracks.

Die Gitterträgergurte und Abstandhalterstränge können miteinander verbunden, z.B. verschweißt, sein.The lattice girder straps and spacer strands can be connected together, e.g. welded, be.

Fig. 6 zeigt ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel für ein erfindungsgemäßes Betonbauelement, bei dem gleiche oder gleichwirkende Teile mit derselben, jedoch mit dem Buchstaben a versehene Bezugszahl wie bei dem vorangehenden Ausführungsbeispiel bezeichnet sind.6 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a concrete component according to the invention, for the same or equivalent parts with the same, but with the letter a provided reference numerals as in the previous embodiment.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel von Fig. 6 unterscheidet sich von dem vorangehenden Ausführungsbeispiel dadurch, daß als Verbindungselemente anstelle von Gitterträgern U-Profile mit U-Schenkeln zur Bildung von Bewehrungssträngen 4a, 5a verwendet sind. In dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel bestehen die U-Profile aus einem 0,6 mm starken Blech. Die Länge der U-Schenkel beträgt 50 mm; die Länge des Basisschenkels 100 mm. Vorzugsweise variiert je nach den Abmessungen des Betonbauelements die Länge des Basisschenkels in Rasterabständen von 25 mm zwischen 50 mm und 150 mm. Solche Verbindungselemente mit U-förmigem Querschnitt können z.B. durch Aluminiumprofile gebildet sein. The embodiment of Fig. 6 differs from the previous embodiment in that U-profiles as connecting elements instead of lattice girders with U-legs are used to form reinforcement strands 4a, 5a. In the shown Exemplary embodiment, the U-profiles consist of a 0.6 mm thick sheet. The Length of the U-legs is 50 mm; the length of the base leg 100 mm. Preferably The length of the base leg varies in depending on the dimensions of the concrete component Grid distances of 25 mm between 50 mm and 150 mm. Such fasteners with a U-shaped cross section can e.g. be formed by aluminum profiles.

Die vorangeehend beschriebenen Betonbouelemente können z.B. zur Errichtung von Innenwänden verwendet werden. In einer weiteren Verwendungs- bzw. Ausführungsvariante könnte ein solches Betonbauelement ein Dachelement sein. Schließlich kommt ein solches Betonbauelement als Boden- bzw. Deckenelement für Balkone in Betracht, wobei auf ein einschaliges solches Element mit nach oben vorstehenden Verbindungselementen unter Bildung des Balkonbodens Ortbeton gießbar ist.The concrete bou elements described above can e.g. for the establishment of Interior walls can be used. In a further use or execution variant such a concrete building element could be a roof element. Finally there is one Concrete building element as a floor or ceiling element for balconies, taking into account single-shell such element with connecting elements projecting upwards below Formation of the balcony floor cast concrete is pourable.

Claims (18)

Betonbauelement mit einer Betonschale (1,2) und Elementen (3) zur Verbindung der Betonschale (1,2) mit einem zu der Betonschale im Abstand angeordneten Plattenelement (1,2),
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Verbindungselemente (3) in die Betonschale eingegossene Bewehrungsstränge (4,5) umfassen und in die Betonschale (1,2) unter Bildung eines maschenförmigen Bewehrungsrasters die Bewehrungsstränge kreuzende weitere Bewehrungsstränge (6,7) eingegossen sind.Concrete component with a concrete shell (1,2) and elements (3) for connecting the concrete shell (1,2) with a plate element (1,2) arranged at a distance from the concrete shell,
characterized,
that the connecting elements (3) comprise reinforcement strands (4, 5) cast into the concrete shell and additional reinforcement strands (6, 7) crossing the reinforcement strands are cast into the concrete shell (1,2) to form a mesh-like reinforcement grid. Betonbauelement nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die weiteren Bewehrungsstränge (6,7) durch die Verbindungselemente beim Ausgießen der Betonschale im Abstand vom Schalboden haltende Abstandhalter (6,7,8) gebildet sind.Concrete component according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the further reinforcement strands (6, 7) are formed by the connecting elements when pouring the concrete shell at a distance from the formwork floor spacers (6, 7, 8). Betonbauelement nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Verbindungselemente durch Gitterträger (3) und die Bewehrungsstränge durch Gurte (4,5) der Gitterträger (3) gebildet sind.Concrete component according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the connecting elements are formed by lattice girders (3) and the reinforcement strands by straps (4,5) of the lattice girders (3). Betonbauelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Bauelement doppelschalig mit einer das genannte Bewehrungsraster aufweisenden weiteren Betonschale (1,2) als das Plattenelement ausgebildet ist.Concrete component according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized,
that the component is double-skinned with a further concrete shell (1, 2) having the reinforcement grid as the plate element. Betonbeauelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Beton einen der Schrumpf- und Schwindrißbildung entgegenwirkenden, insbesondere durch Kunststoffasem gebildeten Faserzusatz aufweist.Concrete beam element according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized,
that the concrete has a fiber additive counteracting the shrinkage and shrinkage crack formation, in particular formed by plastic fibers. Betonbauelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Dicke der Betonschale bzw. weiteren Betonschale unterhalb von etwa 40 mm, vorzugsweise im Bereich von 25 mm bis 30 mm, liegt. Concrete component according to one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized,
that the thickness of the concrete shell or further concrete shell is below about 40 mm, preferably in the range from 25 mm to 30 mm. Betonbauelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Rasterlänge im Bereich von etwa 20 cm bis 40 cm liegt.Concrete component according to one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized,
that the grid length is in the range of about 20 cm to 40 cm. Betonbauelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Verhältnis des Rasterabstandes zwischen den Bewehrungssträngen (4,5) und den diese kreuzenden weiteren Bewehrungssträngen (6,7) im Bereich von 0,5 bis 2 liegt.Concrete component according to one of claims 1 to 7,
characterized,
that the ratio of the grid spacing between the reinforcement strands (4,5) and the other reinforcement strands (6,7) crossing them is in the range from 0.5 to 2. Betonbauelement nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß Faserabmessungen und Faserkonzentration so gewählt sind, daß sich Schrumpf- und Schwindrißweiten kleiner etwa 0,04 mm ergeben.Concrete component according to one of claims 5 to 8,
characterized,
that fiber dimensions and fiber concentration are selected so that shrinkage and shrinkage crack widths are less than about 0.04 mm. Betonbauelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß Abmessungen und Strangfestigkeit des Bewehrungsrasters und die Schalendicke so gewählt sind, daß die Betonierdruckbelastbarkeit der Betonschale bzw. weiteren Betonschale von der Rißweite 0 an bis zu einer Rißweite von etwa 0,04 mm um weniger als etwa 10% abfällt.Concrete component according to one of claims 1 to 9,
characterized,
that the dimensions and strand strength of the reinforcement grid and the shell thickness are selected so that the concrete pressure resistance of the concrete shell or further concrete shell drops from less than about 10% from the crack width 0 to a crack width of approximately 0.04 mm. Betonbauelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Verhältnis von Betonschalendicke und Rasterlänge kleiner 0,1 ist und insbesondere bei 0,08 liegt.Concrete component according to one of claims 1 to 10,
characterized,
that the ratio of the concrete shell thickness to the grid length is less than 0.1 and in particular is 0.08. Betonbauelement noch einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 11,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß Faserlängen kleiner als oder vergleichbar groß wie die Querschnittsabmessungen der Bewehrungsstränge und/oder weiteren Bewehrungssträngen sind.Concrete component according to one of claims 5 to 11,
characterized,
that fiber lengths are smaller than or comparable to the cross-sectional dimensions of the reinforcement strands and / or further reinforcement strands. Betonbauelement nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 12,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Faserlänge im Bereich von 4 bis 18 mm, vorzugsweise bei etwa 6 mm, liegt. Concrete component according to one of claims 5 to 12,
characterized,
that the fiber length is in the range of 4 to 18 mm, preferably about 6 mm. Betonbauelement nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 13,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Längenmasse der Fasern etwa zwischen 0,01 g/km und 10 g/km und vorzugsweise 1 g/kg liegt.Concrete component according to one of claims 5 to 13,
characterized,
that the length of the fibers is approximately between 0.01 g / km and 10 g / km and preferably 1 g / kg. Betonbauelement nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 14,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Fasermassegehalt in der Betonschale bzw. weiteren Betonschale unterhalb 5 kg/m3 liegt.Concrete component according to one of claims 5 to 14,
characterized,
that the fiber mass content in the concrete shell or further concrete shell is below 5 kg / m 3 . Betonbauelement nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 15,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Faserzugfestigkeit T im Bereich von 300 bis 400 N/mm2, vorzugsweise bei etwa 350 N/mm2, liegt.Concrete component according to one of claims 5 to 15,
characterized,
that the fiber tensile strength T is in the range from 300 to 400 N / mm 2 , preferably around 350 N / mm 2 . Betonbauelement nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 16,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Betondruckfestigkeit P ohne Faserbewehrung im Bereich von 25 bis 35 N/mm2 liegt.Concrete component according to one of claims 5 to 16,
characterized,
that the concrete compressive strength P without fiber reinforcement is in the range from 25 to 35 N / mm 2 . Betonbauelement nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 17,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Verhältnis der Faserzugfestigkeit T zur Betondruckfestigkeit P kleiner 15 ist.Concrete component according to one of claims 5 to 17,
characterized,
that the ratio of the fiber tensile strength T to the concrete compressive strength P is less than 15.
EP99102328A 1998-02-12 1999-02-06 Structural concrete member Expired - Lifetime EP0936320B1 (en)

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DE10116976A1 (en) * 2001-04-05 2002-10-10 Hofmann Gmbh & Co Self-supporting ceiling element for building ceilings comprises an upper shell and a lower shell made of reinforced concrete, a concrete-free intermediate space between the shells, and a reinforcement consisting of braced girders
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DE59910475D1 (en) 2004-10-21
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DE19805571A1 (en) 1999-08-26
ATE276407T1 (en) 2004-10-15

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