DE4333981A1 - Sound-insulating block - Google Patents

Abstract

A sound-insulating block (10) is ground in a plane-parallel manner on two bearing sides (11) and exhibits a flat toothing arrangement on the end sides (15, 17). Provided in the block (10) are two filling ducts (12, 14) whose cross-sectional surface area is between 50% and 55% of the surface area of one bearing side (11) of the block. Finally, the filling ducts (12, 14) are designed in the block (10) such that, when the blocks are laid in an offset manner, the ducts form vertically running, continuous cavities which have an essentially constant cross-section. <IMAGE>

Description

The present invention relates to a sound insulation Block bricks with two flat ground sides, two toothed end faces, two side faces and vertical Filling channels with at least one web in between. A such a brick is known from EP-A2-0 378 217. This well-known brick is with a variety of vertical Filling channels provided, each through between Webs are separated. The filling channels are used for sound insulation Poured concrete or mortar. However, when bricking up one such a soundproof brick wall by design each single horizontal row of bricks are poured out and At the same time, a 12 mm thick bed joint must be opened. A such a process is relatively time-consuming and therefore expensive.

It is the problem underlying the present invention (Task) to create a brick that is creating a Soundproof wall allowed in a short time.

This object is achieved by the features of patent claim 1 solved.

According to the two support sides of the brick ground plane-parallel. This is a soundproofing brick created with an extremely high accuracy, the  especially when using the thin-bed mortar method maximum accuracy allowed. In this case they have Mortar joints are only 1 mm thick because of the thin-bed mortar by dipping the brick into the mortar pan on the undersides is applied.

Bricks are ground on both sides, so-called facing bricks generally known (see for example the company lettering "Schlagmann POROTON: Planned brick - the revolution in Brick construction "). However, so far it has not been ground flat Soundproofing bricks have been proposed. This depends on the Fact together that a single pouring out everyone horizontal row of bricks with concrete or mortar take advantage of Facing brick system, namely a high precision of the wall due to a layer of mortar that is only 1 mm thick. Would namely if each using individual brick Brick row are poured out, so the surface of this should Brick row then freed of all mortar residues to ensure the 1 mm thick mortar layer. This however, it is not economically feasible. According to the invention However, for the first time, a noise protection tarpaulin was created rapid processing allowed.

According to a further feature of the invention, the toothing is on the end faces of the brick formed as flat teeth. Such a toothing creates a brick that on the one hand, do not apply mortar to the end faces must, since the teeth already have the required stability of the Wall guaranteed. On the other hand, a brick according to the Invention at wall ends, such as. B. door openings or the like, without use further measures because the flat toothing of the brick easily plastered due to their low tooth depth can be. The brick according to the invention therefore requires  no special keystones, which when using deeper gears are always required.

According to another feature of the invention, the total Cross-sectional area of all filling channels between 50% and 55% of the Surface of one side of the tile. By this feature are filling channels with a high volume created ensure excellent soundproofing properties. At the same time there is a high pressure resistance of the wall guaranteed by the brick portion, but not by the shrinkage-prone filling concrete is determined.

Finally, according to the invention, the filling channels are in this way Brick formed that this with an offset masonry the brick forms vertical, continuous cavities, which have a substantially constant backfill cross section exhibit. This feature of the invention is the first Soundproofing block brick created with one Soundproof wall first completely up to the floor level in the Thin bed process can be established, whereupon subsequently it is filled with concrete or mortar. According to the invention can even after walling up the soundproofing wall Formwork or a reinforced concrete element ceiling on both sides put on the apartment partition, so that in one operation Filling the soundproofing wall with concrete and applying the In-situ concrete portion can take place on the element ceiling. Hereby is the amount of work required to create a soundproof wall significantly reduced. At the same time, leakage can occur storey-high filling channels do not occur because in the case of a Brick crack of the band above and below it brick according to the invention this by the good adhesion of Thin bed mortar joint prevented. If you compare them with bricks time required according to the invention to create a Cubic meter wall of 1.8 hours with the time of 2.7 hours,  which is required with conventional soundproofing bricks, so there is a time reduction of about 33%. At the same time however the full resilience of the not yet cast Soundproofing wall guaranteed.

Basically, there are components with vertical continuous Filling channels known. These are so-called formwork blocks (cf. Masonry calendar 1992 by Ernst & Sohn, pages 261 ff.). However, such formwork blocks are involved not a brick, but a special type of Masonry. These known formwork blocks are made Bulky-porous lightweight concrete or made from normal concrete and are also called "lost formwork", since these do not contribute to the stability of the wall. This will determined solely by the filled concrete. They too Formwork blocks in the association laid dry and after reaching a certain wall section height filled with concrete, whereby the resulting vertical concrete columns a cross flow of the concrete over existing in the hollow bodies side openings are connected. In contrast such formwork blocks are neither to the invention Bricks still soundproofing bricks but rather Formwork elements made of concrete. The filling channels also form these Concrete formwork elements with no separate cavities constant cross section but a composite. In this network however, only the high-shrinking flow concrete and not non-shrinking brick according to the invention. That is why Formwork blocks not with those of interest here Soundproofing block bricks according to the preamble of the claim 1 comparable.

According to the invention, the arrangement of the vertical, continuous filling channels ensures that neither the volume of the filling channel nor the volume of the brick is "given away" in the case of the bricks lying on top of one another, since only vertical cavities are present in the vertical direction and only brick material lies on top of one another in the vertical direction. This is not the case with conventional soundproofing bricks, since there are crossing points between the webs that separate the filling channels when the brickwork is offset. Thus, according to the invention, an excellent strength of the wall and a high sound insulation (R _{W, R} 55dB) are achieved. In addition, there are no differences in shape change between the brick outer wall and the apartment partition, since only the brick supports each of the two walls.

Finally, when using the thin bed mortar method ensures that the filling channels do not contain any mortar residues, whereby a good filling with concrete or mortar is achieved. When filling the filling channels with concrete or mortar, even a Additional compaction takes place, making even higher ones Sound insulation values can be achieved.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are characterized by Subclaims marked.

So two vertical filling channels can be provided in the brick, wherein according to a further embodiment of the invention Cross-sectional area of a filling channel between 20% and 30% of the Area of a support page. In this embodiment are therefore only two filling channels with one compared to the surface created a very large cross-sectional area on a support side. In this way, a soundproofing brick is on the one hand excellent sound insulation and stability properties created. On the other hand, the brick wall can be very fill quickly and easily. In addition there is post-compaction of the filling concrete possible. In addition, the brick divide symmetrically according to this embodiment, so that easily  two half-size bricks created as leveling bricks can be. This is according to another embodiment the invention by a predetermined breaking point in the longitudinal direction Bridges between the two filling channels easier.

However, it should not be overlooked that even when used of "half" bricks always vertical filling channels with constant cross section. Even when creating Building corners with a butt joint are the continuous ones Filling channels with a constant cross-section guaranteed. Hereby there is an unimpeded fillability in the Corner area.

If there is a toothing in the corner area between the individual In this case, rows of bricks may be desired be filled in unhindered. In the case of one toothed corner joint on the corner no filling channel with between Floor height and floor constant cross-section, but can be the filling channel created due to its large cross-section fill easily from the ceiling.

Also, in this embodiment, due to the large size Filling channel cross sections no ventilation channels required.

According to a further embodiment of the invention Cross-sectional area of a filling channel approx. 25% of the area of a Edition page. This is a very good ratio of Brick proportion created for the size of the filling channels.

Furthermore, the wall width between a filling channel and a End face be half the width of the web between two filling channels. This is a completely symmetrical one Brick created that build up quickly and easily leaves. This gives a particularly good strength  addition, if the wall width between a filling channel and a Face is the same size as the wall width between one Filling channel and a side surface.

The flat toothing of the brick according to the invention can be a Have a ratio of tooth depth to tooth width of approx. 1: 4. This creates a particularly flat toothing on the one hand, can be easily and easily plastered, on the other hand, the required tensile strength of the wall ensures. The good sound and Thermal insulation properties through this butt joint formation not worsened.

Finally, the invention also relates to a Method of creating a soundproof wall. Here are Brick according to one of claims 1 to 11, first under Use of the thin-bed mortar process up to the floor level bricked up. Then the filling channels with concrete filled. This is a very short time Sound barrier with the properties explained above created that at the same time filled with the floor ceiling can be, the formwork elements or placed reinforced concrete element ceiling panels simultaneously as Filling scaffold can serve.

In a masonry according to claim 13, the existing bridges full of holes despite perforation used. This is a high compressive strength and low deformability of the masonry guaranteed.

The following is an embodiment of the present Invention with reference to the accompanying drawings purely by way of example explained. Show it:  

Figure 1 is a plan view of a brick according to the invention.

Figure 2 is a perspective view of brickwork according to the invention. and

Fig. 3 is a section along the line III-III in Fig. 2.

Fig. 1 shows a plan view of a plane-parallel ground support side 11 of a brick 10 according to the invention, which has two end faces 15 and 17 and two side surfaces 19 and 21 . Two filling channels 12 and 14 are arranged symmetrically in the brick and separated from one another by a web 16 . As shown in FIG. 1, both filling channels 12 and 14 have a rectangular cross section of the same size. The flat teeth provided on the end faces 15 and 17 of the brick 10 each consist of four teeth 18 which are arranged at the same distance. The toothing is formed on both end faces of the brick so that the teeth engage in one another without gaps when two bricks are put together. Circular through openings 22 are provided in side walls 20 and in web 16 , which are required for the proper production of the brick. However, these through channels are not intended for filling, ie they are not counted towards the fillable proportion of holes. The same applies to four through channels 24 with a rectangular cross section, which are arranged symmetrically in the web 16 .

Furthermore, the brick 10 in the area of the web 16 has a predetermined breaking point 26 which extends in the longitudinal direction of the web 16 and which is produced during the production by scoring with knives. Through this symmetrically arranged predetermined breaking point, the brick can then be easily divided into two halves with a hammer blow.

The brick shown in Fig. 1 is 373 mm long, 240 mm wide and 249 mm high. Since the support side 11 shown in FIG. 1 and the support side lying parallel to this are ground plane-parallel, the height tolerance of the brick is ± 0.5 mm. The web 16 is 58 mm wide. The wall of the brick is 30 mm.

The flat toothing formed on the end faces 15 and 17 is 8 mm deep, the tooth width being 25 mm and the distance between the teeth being 30 mm. The flanks of the teeth are chamfered so that each tooth appears trapezoidal when viewed from above. The further data of the brick shown in Fig. 1 are given in the following two tables.

Fig. 2 shows a masonry that is created from the brick shown in Fig. 1. As can be clearly seen, the corner of the masonry is designed as a butt joint, ie the bricks do not overlap in the corner area. In this case, a half stone 30 is used in the corner area in each layer, which is produced by separating a brick at its predetermined breaking point. In order to achieve sufficient strength in the corner area, two flat anchors 28 made of V4A steel are used between the half-stones 30 and the adjacent brick at the connection points, where there is no toothing. As shown in FIG. 2, this also results in unobstructed fillability in the corner area, since the filling channels 12 and 14 even there have a constant cross-section down to the floor.

Fig. 3 shows a section through the wall of Fig. 2 along the line III-III, it being easy to see that the filling channels 12 and 14 run vertically continuously from floor to floor and have a constant cross-section.

To create a wall according to FIG. 2, the bricks according to the invention are built up using the thin-bed mortar method. Here, the brick is immersed in mortar with a support side, the mortar only adhering to the surface of the brick, but not penetrating into the filling channels. This method enables the mortar to be 1 mm thick. After the wall has been bricked up to the floor height, the cladding for the floor ceiling can already be attached or the reinforced concrete element ceilings can be put on. Subsequently, the cavities formed by the filling channels 12 and 14 are poured with concrete, and the formwork of the floor slab can simultaneously serve as a scaffold for filling the soundproofing wall. The floor slab can then be concreted in the same operation.

Claims (13)

1. Soundproofing block brick with two support sides, two toothed end faces, two side surfaces and vertical filling channels with at least one intermediate web, characterized in that

• a) the support sides ( 11 ) are ground plane-parallel;
• b) the toothing on the end faces ( 15 , 17 ) is designed as a flat toothing;
• c) the total cross-sectional area of all filling channels ( 12 , 14 ) is between 50% and 55% of the area of a support side ( 11 ); and
• d) the filling channels ( 12 , 14 ) are formed in the brick ( 10 ) in such a way that, when the brick is staggered, they form vertical, continuous cavities which have a substantially constant cross section.

2. Brick according to claim 1, characterized in that two vertical filling channels ( 12 , 14 ) are provided in the brick. 3. Brick according to one of the preceding claims 1, characterized in that the cross-sectional area of a filling channel ( 12 , 14 ) is between 20% and 30% of the area of a support side ( 11 ). 4. Brick according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cross-sectional area of a filling channel approx. 25% of the area one edition page.   5. Brick according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wall width between a filling channel ( 12 , 14 ) and an end face ( 15 , 17 ) is half as large as the width of the web ( 16 ) between two filling channels. 6. Brick according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wall width between a filling channel ( 12 , 14 ) and an end face ( 15 , 17 ) is the same size as the wall width between a filling channel ( 12 , 14 ) and a side surface ( 19 , 21 ). 7. Brick according to claim 2, characterized in that a predetermined breaking point ( 26 ) is provided between the two filling channels ( 12 , 14 ) in the longitudinal direction of the web ( 16 ). 8. Brick according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ratio of tooth depth to tooth width Flat toothing is approx. 1: 4. 9. Brick according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flat toothing has a tooth depth of 8 mm. 10. Brick according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance between the teeth is essentially the same is as large as the tooth width.   11. Brick according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that four teeth are provided on each end face ( 15 , 17 ). 12. A method for creating a soundproofing wall with bricks according to one of claims 1 to 11, comprising the following steps:

• - Walling up the wall with bricks according to one of claims 1 to 11 using the thin-bed mortar method up to floor level; and
• - Then fill the filling channels with concrete.

13. masonry of bricks according to claim 1, characterized in that each brick with its entire brick cross-sectional area rests on the underlying brick layer.