EP3569788B1 - Segment for a building, method for the production thereof, corner segment for a building, method for the production thereof, building and method for the production thereof - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a segment for a building according to the features of the preamble of claim 1, a method for its production according to the features of claim 6, a corner segment according to the features of the preamble of claim 7, a method for its production according to the features of claim 8, a building according to the features of claim 9, and a method for its production according to the features of claim 14.

From the prior art, as in WO 2012/120021 A1 described, a modularized molded element and a modular system for the production of structures from a plurality of modularized molded elements known. The molded element is cast from polymer concrete.

In the AU 2016 282 066 A1 describes a structural panel and method of making a building. A building system comprises a plurality of prefabricated building panels, each with a pair of opposing and spaced-apart panels and a core arranged therebetween. The core consists of a pre-fabricated lightweight composite material in the form of a lightweight cementitious mixture that includes fly ash and polystyrene beads evenly distributed over the core.

From the DE 10 2007 013 199 A1 a method and a device for producing a translucent multilayer composite component for facades are known. The component mainly has a concrete-bonded material structure with non-conductive bodies, which are arranged in a predominantly parallel arrangement in the interior of the component during the production of the component and make the component translucent. A facing layer made of a concrete material is arranged on the visible side, behind which an insulation layer is arranged at least at a distance, which in turn is connected on its rear side with a base layer made of a concrete material. At least all three shells are penetrated by one or more light guide bodies.

In the DE 10 2011 111 318 A1 a method and a device for producing a light-permeable multilayer composite component with an integrated facade panel are described. The multilayer composite component consists of at least one layer made of a curable potting compound and at least one thermally insulated layer made of an insulating material. All layers are interspersed with light guide elements. In a first process step, the light guide elements are fixed in an insulating body that forms the thermally insulated layer. In a second step, the light-guiding elements fixed in the insulating body are inserted into a formwork space of a formwork form, which is formed from formwork panels. In a third step, the formwork space is filled with a curable potting compound while forming at least one base layer. The shuttering panels used in the second step are formed as permanent shuttering elements from facade panels provided with bores or recesses, in which the end faces of the light guide elements are at least partially accommodated.

From the DE69104205T2 and DE20202801U1 are components consisting of polymer concrete slabs between which insulation material (polyurethane foam) or insulation material (a foamed plastic) is attached.

The invention is based on the object of providing a segment for a building that is improved compared to the prior art, a method for its production which is improved compared to the prior art, a corner segment for a building that is improved compared to the prior art, and a compared to the prior art to specify an improved method for its production, a structure which is improved compared to the state of the art and a method for its production which is improved compared to the state of the art.

The object is achieved according to the invention by a segment for a structure with the features of claim 1, a method for its production with the features of claim 6, a corner segment for a structure with the features of claim 7, a method for its production with the Features of claim 8, a building with the features of claim 9 and a method for its production with the features of claim 14.

Advantageous refinements of the invention are the subject matter of the subclaims.

According to the invention, a segment, in particular a wall segment, for a building comprises two side plates made of polymer concrete, between which a core element made of a foamed plastic is arranged. In particular, the core element is positively and / or non-positively connected to the respective side plate. The segment according to the invention can be produced in a simple, fast and inexpensive manner, especially since high machine outputs and short casting times can be achieved for producing the side plates from polymer concrete due to their simple shape, especially as a rectangular plate without contours and recesses. A high casting capacity, better utilization of machine capacity and a short production time are thus achieved for the production of the side plates. In addition, a considerable saving in material with regard to the polymer concrete and its components is achieved, especially in comparison to wall blocks made of polymer concrete. The production of the segment according to the invention is particularly resource-saving, so that a very good ecological footprint is achieved.

Furthermore, simple assembly of the segments for forming the structure is made possible. In particular, because of the low weight of the segments, no lifting technology is advantageously required. In particular, the segments enable very economical production of structures.

The segment according to the invention also has a very low U-value. The U-value is a measure of the thermal insulation properties of components. Particularly good thermal insulation is thus achieved by means of the segment according to the invention. This is achieved in particular by the sandwich construction implemented by means of the solution according to the invention, ie two Side panels made of polymer concrete, which are separated from one another by the core element made of foamed plastic, which is arranged in between, which significantly improves thermal insulation. In contrast to this, wall modules made of polymer concrete known from the prior art have a continuous wall cross-section made of polymer concrete, particularly in the head areas and on the front side. This has a negative effect on the U-value, as it creates thermal bridges. In order to achieve an acceptable U-value, walls formed by means of such building blocks must be designed to be statically heavily oversized and / or additional insulation measures must be taken in order to achieve the required insulation values. This is avoided by the solution according to the invention.

The core element is advantageously formed from expanded polystyrene. This enables the segment to be produced efficiently, in particular simply and inexpensively, and good static properties and thermal insulation properties are achieved. Alternatively, the core element is formed, for example, from another foamed plastic, for example from foamed polypropylene or from foamed polyurethane.

Advantageously, the core element and the two side plates have the same height and width, the side plates being arranged on the core element in particular in the same height direction and width direction and offset by the same height direction displacement value and width direction displacement value relative to the core element. This ensures that the two side plates protrude over the core element in a corner area and in the adjacent high side area and broad side area of the segment, whereby a groove for a tongue and groove between the two side plates, in particular between the areas of the two side plates protruding over the core element -Connection is formed, more precisely a groove on the high side and the broad side, starting from this corner area, and the core element in the diagonally opposite corner area and in it Adjacent high side area and broad side area of the segment protrudes over the two side plates, whereby the core element, in particular its area protruding over the side plates, forms a tongue for the tongue and groove connection, more precisely a tongue each on the high side and the broad side, starting from this Corner area. This makes it possible to arrange such segments one above the other and next to one another and to connect them to one another by means of these tongue and groove connections. In this way, in particular, thermal bridges between adjacent segments of the structure are avoided.

The core element is particularly designed as a single, i.e. H. separate, component manufactured, d. H. it is not formed between the two side plates, in particular not by pouring the plastic in between, but rather it is formed as a separate component and is therefore only then arranged between the two side plates and positively, cohesively and / or non-positively connected to the respective side plate.

Advantageously, the side plates are each additionally connected to the core element in a materially bonded manner, in particular glued, in particular by means of an additional adhesive, i. H. not by forming the core member between the two side plates. This achieves a simple, quick and secure connection between the side plates and the core element. In particular, this avoids cavities between the core element and the side plates, into which, for example, water, dirt or animals could penetrate. This ensures a long service life for the segment.

According to the invention, anchoring elements are arranged in the core element and in the side plates, for example made of plastic, by means of which the side plates are each connected to the core element in a form-fitting and / or force-fitting manner. The core element and the side plates each have at least one anchoring element or advantageously several such anchoring elements, which in the height direction and / or Are arranged distributed in the width direction in order to achieve a flat anchoring of the side plates on the core element. The anchoring elements are foamed into the core element, ie they are already integrated into the core element during the formation of the core element by foaming the plastic and are thus at least materially connected to it. These anchoring elements in the core element are advantageously each designed as a connection carrier which extends through the core element. This connects the side panels not only to the core element but also to each other. In this way, in particular, stiffening of the segment is achieved, as a result of which static properties of the segment are improved. The anchoring elements on the side plates are cast into the polymer concrete of the respective side plate and thereby at least materially connected to the respective side plate.

The core element advantageously has at least one through opening running in the vertical direction. This passage opening is used to lead through a threaded rod or another element for bracing several segments arranged one above the other. As a result, the required stability and a safeguard against a tear-off force by suction are achieved.

In a method according to the invention for producing such a segment, two side plates are cast from polymer concrete and connected positively and / or non-positively to a core element which is formed from a foamed plastic, in particular from expanded polystyrene. As a result, the advantages already described above are achieved by means of the method for producing the segment. The at least one through opening is formed, for example, during the formation of the core element, for example by means of a corresponding casting core in a casting mold for forming the core element, or after the formation of the core element, it is introduced into the core element, for example by drilling or punching.

A corner segment according to the invention comprises two angled side plates made of polymer concrete, between which an angled core element made of a foamed plastic is arranged, the angled core element being positively, cohesively and / or non-positively connected to the respective angled side plate. This corner segment is used in particular to connect two above-described segments at a corner, in particular to form a corner area of a building. The design of this corner segment advantageously corresponds to the design of the segment described above, in particular wall segment, so that the same advantages are achieved, at least essentially.

In a method according to the invention for producing such a corner segment, two angled side plates are cast from polymer concrete and connected with an angled core element made of foamed plastic in a form-fitting, material-locking and / or force-locking manner. As a result, the advantages already described above are achieved by means of the method for producing the segment.

In the case of the corner segment, too, the angled core element is advantageously made from expanded polystyrene. This enables the angled corner segment to be produced efficiently, in particular simply and inexpensively, and good static properties and thermal insulation properties are achieved. Alternatively, the angled core element is formed, for example, from another foamed plastic, for example from foamed polypropylene or from foamed polyurethane.

Analogous to the advantageous design of the segment described above, in particular the wall segment, the angled core element and the two angled side plates also advantageously have the same height in the corner segment, the angled side plates in particular in the same height direction and by the same height direction displacement value angled core element are arranged offset on the angled core element. Furthermore, an outer side of a first angle leg of the angled core element has a smaller width and an outer side of a second angle leg of the angled core element has a greater width than the respective area of the angled side plate lying thereon and an inner side of the first angle leg of the angled core element has a smaller width and an inner side of the second angle leg of the angled core element has a greater width than the respective region of the other angled side plate lying thereon, whereby the angled side plates protrude beyond the first angle limb, advantageously to the same extent, and the second angle limb protrudes over the angled side plates, advantageously to the same extent with respect to the two angled side panels.

This ensures that, analogously to the segment described above, in particular the wall segment, a groove for a tongue and groove connection is also formed in the corner segment, more precisely a groove on a high side and a broad side, and the angled core element, in particular Its area protruding beyond the angled side plates forms a tongue for the tongue and groove connection, more precisely a tongue on the other high side and the other broad side. This makes it possible to arrange such corner segments one above the other and to arrange a segment described above, in particular a wall segment, on both sides of the corner segment, and to connect them by means of these tongue and groove connections. In this way, in particular, thermal bridges between adjoining corner segments and between the corner segment and the respectively adjoining segment, in particular wall segment, of the structure are avoided.

The angled core element is in particular produced as a single, ie separate, component, ie it is not formed between the two angled side plates, in particular not by pouring the plastic in between, but it is formed as a separate component and therefore only then arranged between the two angled side plates and positively, cohesively and / or non-positively connected to the respective angled side plate.

Advantageously, the angled side plates are each also connected to the angled core element in a materially bonded manner, in particular glued, in particular by means of an additional adhesive, ie. H. not by forming the angled core member between the two angled side plates. This achieves a simple, quick and secure connection between the angled side plates and the angled core element. In particular, this avoids cavities between the angled core element and the angled side plates, into which, for example, water, dirt or animals could penetrate. This ensures a long service life for the corner segment.

Anchoring elements, for example made of plastic, are advantageously arranged in the angled core element and in the angled side plates, by means of which the angled side plates are each positively and / or non-positively connected to the angled core element. The angled core element and the angled side plates each have at least one anchoring element or advantageously several such anchoring elements, which are arranged distributed in the height direction and / or width direction in order to achieve flat anchoring of the angled side plates on the angled core element. In the angled core element, the anchoring elements are advantageously foamed, ie they are already integrated into the angled core element during the formation of the angled core element by foaming the plastic and are thus advantageously connected to it at least in a materially bonded manner. These anchoring elements in the angled core element are advantageously each designed as a connection carrier which extends through the angled core element. This will not only align the angled side panels with the angled core member, but also connected with each other. In this way, stiffening of the corner segment is achieved in particular, as a result of which static properties of the corner segment are improved. The anchoring elements on the angled side plates are advantageously cast into the polymer concrete of the respective angled side plate and thereby at least cohesively connected to the respective angled side plate.

The angled core element advantageously has at least one through opening running in the vertical direction, in particular at least two such through openings. This passage opening is used to lead through a threaded rod or another element for bracing several corner segments arranged one above the other. As a result, the required stability and a safeguard against a tear-off force by suction are achieved.

A building according to the invention comprises a plurality of such segments and / or at least one such corner segment, in particular a plurality of such segments and, for example, at least one such corner segment or several such corner segments. By means of the segments and advantageously the at least one or more corner segments, the structure can be constructed in a simple, inexpensive and fast manner and the advantages already described above are achieved.

In particular, at least two segments are arranged one above the other and are braced together by means of a threaded rod passed through the through opening of the segments. As a result, the required stability and a safeguard against a tear-off force by suction are achieved.

The at least one corner segment is in particular between two at an angle of greater than 0 ° and less than 180 °, in particular at an angle of 90 °, aligned segments arranged. This forms a corner area of the structure.

The structure comprises, for example, a foundation, in particular with at least one anchoring receptacle for the threaded rod, for example a dowel and / or anchor, for example embedded in the foundation, with which the threaded rod can be connected for bracing the segment or segments and / or the wall segment (s). For example, the structure comprises at least one base strip, also referred to as a base beam, in particular made of polymer concrete, which in particular has at least one through hole, for example a bore and / or elongated hole, for the threaded rod and / or has at least one threaded sleeve for the threaded rod. For example, the structure comprises at least one terminating segment, for example formed from polymer concrete, which in particular has at least one through hole for the threaded rod. For example, the structure comprises at least one connecting element for connecting at least two terminating segments.

In a method according to the invention for producing such a structure, several such segments are arranged next to one another and / or one above the other. As a result, the above-mentioned advantages are achieved by means of the method for producing the structure.

Advantageously, at least two segments are arranged aligned to one another at an angle of greater than 0 ° and less than 180 °, in particular at an angle of 90 °, and a corner segment is arranged between them.

In an advantageous embodiment, the structure comprises a plurality of segments, in particular wall segments, and corner segments, as well as one or more base strips and several end segments. The structure is erected on the foundation, advantageously on a strip foundation or a concrete slab. The base strip is used, especially for the wall structures by means of the segments and corner segments, applied to the foundation or on the finished structure, it is applied to it. The base strip is made in particular from polymer concrete. Dimensions of the base strip, in particular a thickness and height, correspond to dimensions of the groove in the segments and corner segments, in particular their depth and width. The base strip thus forms the tongue for this groove to form the tongue and groove connection between the base strip and the respective segment or corner segment. The base strip is attached to the foundation, for example, by means of one or more dowels and / or bolt anchors and / or by gluing. The segments, in particular wall segments, and corner segments are placed vertically on the base strips, or are in the finished structure, and can be glued to one another and to the base strip to increase stability, for example, or be glued in the finished structure.
The terminating segment is applied to the segments and / or corner segments, in particular via the tongue formed in the segments and / or corner segments in the manner described above, or is applied to it in the finished structure.

The closure segments are connected to one another by means of connecting elements, for example steel strip or similar connecting elements, in particular connected in a force-locking and / or form-locking manner, or they are in the completed structure. For this purpose, bolts can advantageously be cast into the end segments. Thus, the conditions, in particular the static requirements, of a ring anchor are met.

The end segments have, for example, a continuous groove-like depression, in particular for arranging the connecting elements, for example for countersinking the steel strip and nuts and / or washers. The bolts are advantageously also cast in this area, in particular in the groove-like depression.

This described type of construction and assembly of the structure enables, especially in the variant without additional gluing of the components of the structure, in particular without gluing the base strips and foundation and / or base strips and segments and / or corner segments and / or without gluing the segments and / or corner segments with each other and / or without gluing the end segments to the segments and / or corner segments, non-destructive dismantling and / or multiple assembly and dismantling, in particular repeated use of the individual components of the structure, for example also for other room concepts.

For the above-mentioned polymer concrete, in particular for its production, a hardenable plastic, for example polyester resin, is used as a binder. For example, low-quality sands and / or waste products, in particular waste products, and / or recycled material, for example shredded glass fiber reinforced plastic (GRP) and / or recycled polymer concrete and / or the like, are used as solid fillers for the production of the polymer concrete, in particular materials that are in cannot be used in the cement-based construction industry.

Embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to drawings.

Figur 1

schematisch ein Segment für ein Bauwerk in einer Draufsicht,

Figur 2

schematisch das Segment aus Figur 1 in einer Hochseitenansicht,

Figur 3

schematisch das Segment aus Figur 1 in einer Breitseitenansicht,

Figur 4

schematisch das Segment aus Figur 1 in einer perspektivischen Darstellung,

Figur 5

schematisch eine Schnittdarstellung des Segments aus Figur 1 entsprechend der Schnittebene V-V in Figur 1,

Figur 6

schematisch eine Schnittdarstellung des Segments aus Figur 1 entsprechend der Schnittebene VI-VI in Figur 1,

Figur 7

schematisch eine Detaildarstellung des Details VII in Figur 5,

Figur 8

schematisch eine perspektivische Ansicht der Schnittdarstellung aus Figur 5,

Figur 9

schematisch eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Ecksegments,

Figur 10

schematisch ein Ecksegment in einer Draufsicht von oben, und

Figur 11

schematisch eine Schnittdarstellung einer Wand eines Bauwerks.

Show in it:

Figure 1

schematically a segment for a building in a plan view,

Figure 2

schematically the segment Figure 1 in a high side view,

Figure 3

schematically the segment Figure 1 in a broadside view,

Figure 4

schematically the segment Figure 1 in a perspective view,

Figure 5

schematically shows a sectional view of the segment Figure 1 corresponding to the section plane VV in Figure 1 ,

Figure 6

schematically shows a sectional view of the segment Figure 1 corresponding to the section plane VI-VI in Figure 1 ,

Figure 7

schematically a detailed representation of the detail VII in Figure 5 ,

Figure 8

schematically a perspective view of the sectional view from FIG Figure 5 ,

Figure 9

schematically a perspective representation of a corner segment,

Figure 10

schematically a corner segment in a plan view from above, and

Figure 11

schematically a sectional view of a wall of a building.

Corresponding parts are provided with the same reference symbols in all figures.

The Figures 1 to 8 show schematic representations of a segment 1, in particular a wall segment, for a building 18. The segment 1 is shown in FIG Figure 1 shown in a plan view, in particular on a front side, in Figure 2 in a portrait view, in Figure 3 in a broadside view, in Figure 4 in a perspective view, in Figure 5 in a sectional view corresponding to the section plane VV in Figure 1 , in Figure 6 in a sectional view corresponding to the section plane VI-VI in Figure 1 , in

Figure 7 in a detailed representation corresponding to detail VII in Figure 5 and in Figure 8 in a perspective view of the sectional view Figure 5 . The Figures 9 and 10 show schematic representations of a corner segment 15 in order to form a corner region of such a structure 18, wherein Figure 9 the corner segment 15 in a perspective illustration and Figure 10 shows the corner segment 15 in a plan view from above. Figure 11 shows a schematic sectional illustration of a wall of a structure 18 that can be produced by means of such segments 1.

The segment 1 comprises two separate side plates 2 made of polymer concrete, between which a core element 3, in particular a core plate, made of expanded polystyrene (EPS) or another foamed plastic, for example made of foamed polypropylene or foamed polyurethane. The core element 3 is expediently connected to the respective side plate 2 in a form-fitting, material-fitting and / or force-fitting manner.

In the example shown, the side panels 2 are each glued to the core element 3. Furthermore, anchoring elements 4, 5 are arranged in the core element 3 and in the side plates 2, by means of which the side plates 2 are each connected to the core element 3 in a form-fitting manner and also, for example, also in a force-fitting manner. These anchoring elements 4, 5 are arranged distributed in the height direction H and width direction B in order to achieve an anchoring of the side plates 2 on the core element 3 that is distributed over an area.

The anchoring elements 4 in the core element 3 are designed as connecting supports which are foamed into the core element 3, ie are enclosed by the foamed plastic during the manufacture of the core element 3. They each extend in the thickness direction D through the core element 3. As a result, the side plates 2 are designed not only with the core element 3, but also via it as a connecting beam Anchoring elements 4 are also connected to one another through the core element 3.

These anchoring elements 4 of the core element 3, designed as connecting supports, thus serve, in particular together with the anchoring elements 5 of the side plates 2, to connect the side plates 2 to one another and to the core element 3 and also to stiffen the segment 1, which improves the static properties of the segment 1.

The core element 3 has a thickness of 160 mm, for example, but in other embodiments of the segment 1 can also have a greater or lesser thickness, for example depending on static requirements and / or thermal insulation requirements.

The anchoring elements 5 in the respective side plate 2 are advantageously cast into the polymer concrete of the respective side plate 2. For example, these anchoring elements 5 are each designed as suspension eyelets or suspension hooks in order to suspend the correspondingly embodied respective anchoring element 4 of the core element 3 therein.

As in particular in Figure 7 shown, a respective area of the respective anchoring element 4 of the core element 3 protruding from the core element 3 is bent downward in the shape of a hook and a region of the respective anchoring element 5 of the respective side plate 2 protruding from the respective side plate 2 is bent upward in the shape of a hook. As a result, the side plates 2 can be positively and, for example, positively connected by placing them on the core element 3 and sliding them upwards until these hook-shaped areas 6, 7 of the anchoring elements 4, 5 hook into one another, as in FIG Figure 7 shown.

As further in Figure 7 and also in the Figures 5 , 6th and 8th As can be seen, the anchoring elements 4 of the core element 3 each have at least one Toothings 8, advantageously, as shown here, several toothings 8, ie at right angles from a connecting web 9 of the respective anchoring element 4 protruding formations, in order to ensure good retention in the foamed plastic.

The segment 1 thus comprises three essential components in the form of the two side plates 2 and the core element 3, which only form a static system with predetermined static properties when they are connected to one another.

The side plates 2 and the core element 3 have the same height and width, for example a height of 1400 mm and a width of 300 mm. The side plates 2 each have a thickness of 20 mm, for example.

The side plates 2 are arranged on the core element 3 in the same height direction H and width direction B and offset by the same height direction displacement value and width direction displacement value of, for example, 30 mm in each case to the core element 3, as in particular in FIG Figure 1 can be seen in which the core element 3 and the front side plate 2 arranged displaced thereon can be seen. The rear side plate 2 is displaced in the same way to the core element 3 and is therefore shown in FIG Figure 1 , which shows the segment 1 in a plan view from the front, completely covered by the front side plate 2.

This displaced arrangement of the side plates 2 on the core element 3 ensures that the two side plates 2 in a corner area, in Figure 1 in the lower right corner area, and in the adjacent high side area and broad side area of the segment 1 protrude beyond the core element 3, whereby a groove N for a tongue and groove connection is formed between the two side plates 2, as in the Figures 2 to 6 and 8th can be seen, and the core element 3 in the diagonally opposite corner area, in Figure 1 in the upper left corner area, and in the adjacent high side area and broad side area of the segment 1 protrudes over the two side plates 2, whereby the core element 3, in particular its area protruding beyond the side plates 2, forms a tongue F for the tongue and groove connection, as is also shown in FIG Figures 2 to 6 and 8th evident. It is thus made possible to arrange such segments 1 one above the other and next to one another and to connect them to one another by means of these tongue and groove connections in that the tongue F of one segment 1 engages in the groove N of the adjacent segment 1. I. E. Segments 1 arranged next to one another and one above the other interlock. In this way, in particular, thermal bridges between adjacent segments 1 of the structure 18 are avoided.

The core element 3 has a through opening 10 running in the height direction H. This passage opening 10 is used to lead through a threaded rod 14 or another element for bracing a plurality of segments 1 arranged one above the other to form the structure 18.

In the method for producing the segment 1, the side plates 2 are cast from polymer concrete, the anchoring elements 5 being advantageously cast in. Furthermore, the core element 3 is formed from foamed plastic, in particular from expanded polystyrene, the anchoring elements 4 being foamed around by the plastic of the core element 3.

To connect the side plates 2 to the core element 3, contact surfaces of the core element 3 and / or the side plates 2 to be connected are provided with adhesive and the side plates 2 and the core element 3 are put together, the anchoring elements 4, 5 being connected to one another, for example being hooked, and the side panels 2 are pressed together against the core element 3, in order to ensure that they are glued together.

The side plates 2 can be manufactured in a simple, quick, inexpensive and economically efficient manner. In particular, a high machine output of for example 60 kg / min. can be achieved since the side plates 2 are each designed as a straight rectangular plate, advantageously without contours and recesses. For example, the side plates 2 each weigh 17.5 kg, whereby, for example, five side plates 2 can be produced in one form battery at the same time. A pouring time, d. H. Filling the mixed and not yet hardened polymer concrete into a casting mold takes, for example, only 87.5 seconds per mold battery (17.5 seconds per side plate 2). The casting time is, for example, only 84.5 seconds per square meter by means of the segments 1 of the wall surface to be formed. Thus, for example, compared to wall blocks made of polymer concrete, four times the casting performance and thus a correspondingly high utilization of the machine capacity and a corresponding shortening of the production time is achieved.

Furthermore, a considerable saving in material with regard to the polymer concrete and its components is achieved, especially in comparison to wall blocks made of polymer concrete. For example, in the case of polymer concrete blocks, 172.2 kg of polymer concrete are required per square meter of wall surface to be formed, and in the case of the side panels 2, only 84 kg of polymer concrete per square meter of wall surface to be formed, i.e. H. a material saving of 51%.

For the polymer concrete, for example, a resin is used which has a mass fraction of 40% to 45%, in particular 43%, of styrene. The resin is, for example, a terephthalic acid polyester resin which, for example, has a mass fraction of 38% polyethylene terephthalate (PET), in particular made from recycled material.

Based on the resin content in the mixed polymer concrete to be cast, the mass fraction of a hardener in the mixed polymer concrete to be cast is, for example, 2% and the mass fraction of the accelerator, for example 1.6%, ie the mass of the hardener and the accelerator are calculated based on the mass of the resin. The accelerator is, for example, a cobalt accelerator or a mixed accelerator. In particular, a cobalt-amine accelerator is used as the mixing accelerator.

A grading curve for one or more fillers is up to 5 mm, for example.

The casting mold is preheated, for example, before the mixed and not yet hardened polymer concrete is poured in, for example to a temperature of at least 22 ° C., for example to a maximum temperature of 25 ° C., for example to a temperature of 22 ° C. to 25 ° C. The hardening of the polymer concrete takes place, for example, by tempering in a heating chamber.

A release agent is used which is sprayable and has at least one wax. A mass fraction of the at least one wax is, for example, 12%. The release agent is applied to the casting mold before the mixed and not yet hardened polymer concrete is poured into the casting mold and facilitates demolding of the respective side plate 2 after the polymer concrete has hardened.

The production of the side plates 2 therefore does not require any complex production technology and only simple casting molds are required. For example, the casting molds are designed in the form of battery molds. For a plurality of side panels 2 to be produced, for example for six side panels 2, a base plate and a cover plate are each introduced into a base frame. The side panels 2 are then cast together.

To cast the anchoring elements 5 into the polymer concrete of the side plates 2, the anchoring elements 5 are screwed, for example, to the respective base plate and thus poured into the casting mold by pouring the polymer concrete into it. During demolding of the respective side plate 2, the connection of the respective anchoring element 5 to the base plate is released and the cast side plate 2 is removed from the mold. This enables a higher casting capacity of the machine and thus a shorter production time and lower production costs.

A structure 18 produced by means of such segments 1 has a plurality of such segments 1. In particular, a wall or several walls, for example of a building, are formed by means of these segments 1 in a method for producing the structure 18. In this case, at least two or more such segments 1 are advantageously arranged one above the other per floor height, d. H. one above the other in the height direction H, a threaded rod 14 being passed through the through openings 10 of the segments 1 arranged one above the other, by means of which these segments 1 are braced. In other embodiments, with a sufficient height of the segments 1, for example only one segment 1 per floor height in the vertical direction, i. H. be provided in the height direction H. Fixing then also takes place by means of the threaded rod 14 guided through the through opening 10.

The segments 1 are placed, for example, on base strips 12 which, for example, have threaded sleeves for screwing in the threaded rods 14 for the vertical bracing of the segments 1. Furthermore, these base strips 12 have, for example, threaded sleeves for connecting the base strips 12 to one another, for example by means of strip steel.

As the upper end of the wall of the respective storey of the building 18, for example, end segments 13, in particular ring beam elements, with through holes for leading through the threaded rods 14 are placed. The individual ring bar elements are connected to one another analogously to the base strips 12, so that the effect of a ring anchor is achieved. The wall is braced and the stability is secured using the Threaded rods 14 which are screwed into the base strips 12 and tightened / locked on the ring beam formed from the ring beam elements, for example by means of a nut.

To form the wall, a plurality of such segments 1 are arranged side by side, i. H. side by side in width direction B. The segments 1 arranged next to one another and one above the other are arranged next to one another in such a way that the tongue-and-groove connection is formed between two adjacent segments 1 by inserting the edge region of the core element 3 of one segment 1, which protrudes beyond the side plates 2, into the groove N, which is formed by the edge region of the side plates 2 of an adjacent segment 1 protruding beyond the core element 3, engages.

This assembly of the segments 1 for the production of the structure 18 is particularly simple and in particular no lifting technology is required due to the low weight of, for example, only 35.2 kg of the respective segment 1, so that the production of the structure 18 by means of these segments 1 is particularly cost-effective and efficient is.

As a result of the described design of the segments 1 and the interlocking of adjacent segments 1 via the tongue and groove connection, a particularly low U-value of, for example, below 0.24 W / (m ² K) is achieved, whereby, for example, the specifications of an energy saving ordinance are complied with, and there are no thermal bridges over the entire wall surface. The described production of the segments 1 and of the structure 18 is particularly resource-saving, as a result of which a very good ecological balance and thus a very good ecological footprint is achieved.

The Figures 9 and 10 show, as already described, a corner segment 15 for the building 18. This is, at least essentially, designed in the same way as the segment 1, only angled, in particular by 90 °. The, at least essentially, the same training relates in particular to the Polymer concrete for the production of the angled side elements and the plastic for the production of the angled core element 17, as well as the formation of the grooves N and tongues F and the through opening 10 or through openings 10. The respective groove N of the corner segment 15 corresponds in particular to the respective tongue F of the segment 1 , which is to be connected to it, trained. The respective tongue F of the corner segment 15 is designed in particular to correspond to the respective groove N of the segment 1 which is to be connected to it. Furthermore, in particular, the through openings 10 of the corner segments 15 and segments 1 are designed correspondingly in order to be able to use the same threaded rods 14.

The corner segment 15 thus comprises two angled side plates 16 made of polymer concrete, between which an angled core element 17 made of a foamed plastic is arranged, the core element 17 being positively, cohesively and / or non-positively connected to the respective angled side plate 16. This corner segment 15 is used in particular to connect two above-described segments 1 at a corner, in particular to form a corner region of the structure 18.

In the process for producing the corner segment 15, two angled side plates 16 are cast from polymer concrete and connected with the angled core element 17 made of the foamed plastic in a form-fitting, material-locking and / or force-locking manner.

The angled core element 17 is advantageously formed from expanded polystyrene or from another foamed plastic, as described above for segment 1, for example from foamed polypropylene or from foamed polyurethane.

Analogously to the advantageous embodiment of the segment 1 described above, in particular the wall segment, also advantageously have the Corner segment 15, the angled core element 17 and the two angled side plates 16 have the same height, the angled side plates 16 being arranged on the angled core element 17, in particular in the same height direction H and offset by the same height direction displacement value to the angled core element 17. Furthermore, an outer side of a first angle leg of the angled core element 17 has a smaller width and an outer side of a second angle leg of the angled core element 17 has a greater width than the area of the one angled side plate 16 adjacent to it and an inner side of the first angle leg of the angled core element 17 has a smaller width and an inner side of the second angle limb of the angled core element 17 has a greater width than the respective region of the other angled side plate 16 resting on it, as a result of which the angled side plates 16 protrude beyond the first angle limb, advantageously to the same extent, and the second angle limb protrudes beyond the angled side plates 16, advantageously to the same extent with respect to both angled side plates 16. This achieves that, analogously to the segment 1 described above, in particular a wall segment , also in the corner segment 15, a groove N is formed for a tongue and groove connection, more precisely a groove N on a high side and a broad side, the angled core element 17, in particular its area protruding beyond the angled side plates 16, a tongue F for the tongue and groove connection forms, more precisely, a tongue F on the other high side and the other broad side. This makes it possible to arrange such corner segments 15 one above the other and to arrange a segment 1 described above, in particular a wall segment, on both sides of the corner segment 15, and to connect them by means of these tongue-and-groove connections.

Figure 11 shows an embodiment of the structure 18 using the example of a wall of the structure 18, which is shown here in a sectional view. The training takes place advantageously as already described above. The building 18 is on a Foundation 11, advantageously built on a strip foundation or a concrete slab. For the wall structures, the base strip 12, also referred to as base beam, is applied to the foundation 11 with the dimensions corresponding to the groove N, for example by means of dowels, bolt anchors and / or glued.

Through holes, for example bores and / or elongated holes, for leading through the threaded rods 14 are made in this base strip 12. Anchoring receptacles, for example dowels and / or anchors, with which the threaded rods 14 are connected for bracing the segments 1 and corner segments 15, are embedded in the foundation 11 in the areas below. The segments 1 and corner segments 15 are placed vertically on the base strips 12 and can also be glued to one another and to the respective base strip 12 to increase stability.

End segments 13 are applied to the wall segments via the spring F. These are provided with through holes for passing through and bracing the threaded rods 14. The end segments 13 are connected to one another in a force-locking and / or form-locking manner by means of connecting elements, for example steel strip or similar connecting elements. For this purpose, bolts can advantageously be cast into the end segments 13. Thus, the conditions, in particular the static requirements, of a ring anchor are met.

For the connecting elements, the end segments 13 are provided with a continuous groove-like recess 19 for countersinking the steel strip and nuts and / or washers for the threaded rods 14; the bolts are also cast in this area. With the variant without additional gluing, this type of construction and assembly enables non-destructive dismantling, or multiple assembly and dismantling or repeated use of the individual elements for other room concepts.

REFERENCE LIST

1

segment

2

Side plate

3

Core element

4th

Anchoring element in the core element

5

Anchoring element in the side plate

6, 7

hook-shaped area

8th

Interlocking

9

Connecting bridge

10

Through opening

11

foundation

12th

Base bar

13th

Closing segment

14th

Threaded rod

15th

Corner segment

16

angled side plate

17th

angled core element

18th

Building

19th

deepening

B.

Width direction

D.

Thickness direction

F.

feather

H

Height direction

N

Groove

Claims (15)

1. Segment (1) for a structure (18),
   comprising two side slabs (2) between which a core element (3) is arranged,
   wherein

   - the side slabs (2) are formed from polymer concrete,

   - the core element (3) is formed from a foamed plastic,

   - the core element (3) is connected to the respective side slab (2) by a form-fit and/or force-fit,
   characterized in that

   - in each case at least one anchoring element (4, 5) is arranged in the core element (3) and in the side slabs (2) and by means of which the side slabs (2) are each connected to the core element (3) by a form-fit and/or force-fit,

   - the at least one anchoring element (4) arranged in the core element (3) is foamed in the core element (3) by virtue of the fact that, during formation of the core element (3), said anchoring element is integrated into the latter by foaming of the plastic and is thus connected thereto at least by a material bond, and

   - the at least one anchoring element (5) arranged in the respective side slab (2) is cast into the polymer concrete of the respective side slab (2) and is thereby connected to the respective side slab (2) at least by a material bond.
2. Segment (1) according to Claim 1,
   characterized in that the core element (3) is formed from expanded polystyrene.
3. Segment (1) according to either of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that the core element (3) and the two side slabs (2) have the same height and width, wherein the side slabs (2) are arranged on the core element (3) so as to be offset with respect to the core element (3) in the same height direction (H) and width direction (B) and by an equal height direction displacement value and width direction displacement value.
4. Segment (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that the side slabs (2) are each additionally connected to the core element (3) by a material bond.
5. Segment (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that the core element (3) has at least one through-opening (10) running in the height direction (H).
6. Method for producing a segment (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein

   - the two side slabs (2) are cast from polymer concrete, wherein the at least one anchoring element (5) of the respective side slab (2) is cast into the side slab (2),

   - the core element (3) is formed from foamed plastic, wherein the at least one anchoring element (4) of the core element (3) is foam-wrapped by the plastic of the core element (3),

   - the side slabs (2) made of polymer concrete are connected to the core element (3) made of foamed plastic by a form-fit and/or force-fit by virtue of the anchoring elements (5) of the side slabs (2) being connected to the anchoring elements (4) of the core element (3).
7. Corner segment (15) for a structure (18), comprising two angled side slabs (16) between which an angled core element (17) is arranged wherein

   - the angled side slabs (16) are formed from polymer concrete,

   - the angled core element (17) is formed from a foamed plastic,

   - the angled core element (17) is connected to the respective angled side slab (16) by a form-fit and/or force-fit,
   characterized in that

   - in each case at least one anchoring element (4, 5) is arranged in the angled core element (17) and in the angled side slab (16) and by means of which the angled side slabs (16) are each connected to the angled core element (17) by a form-fit and/or force-fit,

   - the at least one anchoring element (4) arranged in the angled core element (17) is foamed in the angled core element (17) by virtue of the fact that, during the formation of the angled core element (17), said anchoring element is integrated into the latter by foaming of the plastic and is thus connected thereto at least by a material bond, and

   - the at least one anchoring element (5) arranged in the respective angled side slab (16) is cast into the polymer concrete of the respective angled side slab (16) and is thereby connected to the respective angled side slab (16) at least by a material bond.
8. Method for producing a corner segment (15) according to Claim 7, wherein

   - the two angled side slabs (16) are cast from polymer concrete, wherein the at least one anchoring element (5) of the respective angled side slab (16) is cast into the angled side slab (16),

   - the angled core element (17) is formed from foamed plastic, wherein the at least one anchoring element (4) of the angled core element (17) is foam-wrapped by the plastic of the angled core element (17),

   - the angled side slabs (16) made of polymer concrete are connected to the angled core element (17) made of foamed plastic by a form-fit and/or force-fit by virtue of the anchoring elements (5) of the angled side slabs (16) being connected to the anchoring elements (4) of the angled core element (17).
9. Structure (18), comprising a multiplicity of segments (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 5 and/or at least one corner segment (15) according to Claim 7.
10. Structure (18) according to Claim 9,
    characterized in that in each case at least two segments (1) are arranged one above the other and are braced with one another by means of a threaded rod (14) guided through the through-opening (10) of the segments (1).
11. Structure (18) according to Claim 9 or 10,
    characterized in that the at least one corner segment (15) is arranged between two segments (1) oriented at an angle of greater than 0° and less than 180° with respect to one another.
12. Structure (18) according to one of Claims 9 to 11, comprising a foundation (11) having at least one anchoring receptacle for the threaded rod (14), at least one base strip (12), which has at least one through-hole for the threaded rod (14), and at least one closure segment (13), which has at least one through-hole for the threaded rod (14).
13. Structure (18) according to Claim 12,
    comprising at least one connection element for connecting at least two closure segments (13).
14. Method for producing a structure (18) according to one of Claims 9 to 13 by arranging a plurality of segments (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 5 next to one another and/or above one another.
15. Method according to Claim 14,
    characterized in that at least two segments (1) are arranged so as to be oriented at an angle of greater than 0° and less than 180° with respect to one another, and a corner segment (15) is arranged therebetween.

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