EP1593792A2 - Large wall panel - Google Patents

Abstract

In addition to carrier shell walls (2) that form carrier chambers (25) by means of carrier wall ribs (21), an insulating shell wall (3) is arranged on one side of the wall panel, spaced apart from the carrier shell wall, and forming a unitary open insulating space (35). The insulating shell wall is connected to the carrier shell wall via struts or latticed spacers (310) made of structural steel. If reinforcement is present, the spacers are connected to the reinforcement. An independent claim is included for a structure made from the large wall panels.

Description

The present invention relates to a large wallboard and under use built by several such large-wall building structures.

Such large wall panels, often referred to as "large blocks" are in the various embodiments of the precast construction for a long time known and there for decades in use.

For a long time, we have also been familiar with continuous channels Hollow block components, in particular hollow block bricks, of the most diverse Materials, e.g. bricks, light concrete, concrete bonded wood, e.g. the well-known Durisol stones u. Like. These hollow block building blocks, as usual Brick, offset to wall and building structures and - possibly after insertion of reinforcing elements - are poured with a binder mass, which the Ultimately, the high load-bearing capacity of the building structure will be ensured even if that, the Hollow block stones self-forming, material no special mechanical strength having.

Are known further, optionally having projectile height Hollow wall elements with - a flat, with a free-flowing or pourable binder prefillable, filling space bounding on both sides - supporting shell walls from one hardened binder building material, said support shell walls by means of in the same anchored spacer and holding elements, usually spaced from each other Grid webs of mild steel od. Like., Are sandwiched together.

In der AT 3888202 B ist ein quadratisch-plattenförmiger Baustein mit im Wandverband senkrecht oder waagrecht verlaufenden Hohlräumen beschrieben, wobei die von quer zur Plattenebene verlaufenden Wandungen begrenzten Hohlräume der Platte voneinander einheitliche Abstände besitzen und die den Kanten der Platte benachbarten, zu denselben parallelen Hohlräume von diesen Kanten Abstände aufweisen, die geringer sind als die in der Plattenebene gemessenen Querschnittsabmessungen der Hohlräume oder nur etwa die halbe Größe der übrigen Hohlräume aufweisen und gegen die Kanten hin offen sind, sodass die Hohlräume bei einer Verlegung der Platten im Verband Voll-auf-Fug zumindest teilweise fluchten. Die Kantenlänge dieser nach Art von Ziegeln zu versetzenden und mit Beton auszugießenden Wandplattensteine kann konkret z.B. etwa 50 cm betragen und deren Dicke etwa 12 oder 6 cm.

Furthermore, the state of the art in the field of building blocks or construction boards with cavities has to be described in more detail below:

In the AT 3888202 B a square-plate-like building block with vertically or horizontally extending in the wall space cavities is described, wherein the transverse to the plate plane walls bounded cavities of the plate have uniform spacing and adjacent to the edges of the plate, parallel to the same cavities of These edges have distances which are less than the measured in the plane of the plate cross-sectional dimensions of the cavities or only about half the size of the remaining cavities and are open towards the edges, so that the cavities in a laying of the plates in the union full-on-Fug at least partially aligned. Concretely, the edge length of these wall tile stones, which can be offset in the manner of bricks and poured out with concrete, may be approximately 50 cm and their thickness approximately 12 or 6 cm.

GB 2297771 A describes a construction of building walls provided, also essentially as brick to be laid hollow block of concrete with itself in the same trailing cavities and optionally on all sides around the same arranged slot spaces, which also pull through the hollow block.

FR 2540913 A are also movable in the manner of bricks to walls, to take relatively small sized concrete hollow stones, which are substantially have rectangular cross-section possessing cavities and wherein only in one of the same limiting, corresponding to the main extension of the hollow blocks Walls also draw by bridges from each other separate slots. According to this Scripture can be provided that on the built up of the blocks wall, namely on which no slot openings having side, an outward with a Cover plate od. Like. Closed, separate block-overlapping layer of a Insulating material is applied.

Finally, FR 2317431 A shows lateral positive locking elements equipped, intrinsically complicated and therefore only costly to build Building walls provided, plate-like building blocks, which in the construction of the walls are to be interconnected by means of approximately bone-shaped form-fitting pieces.

It is - as briefly mentioned above - also been tried several times, the Hollow block stones individually on one or both sides with an outside bound to them Thermal barrier coating, e.g. based on polystyrene, to provide, so that a Subsequent application of such an insulating layer at the construction site is unnecessary.

The present invention has set itself the task of large-wall panels for the construction of buildings, including both basement and cellar buildings, as well as buildings u. Like. To be counted, which the various disadvantages known prefabricated components or prefabricated components, in particular their high Dead weight and lack of flexibility in the choice of the mechanical strength and Stability of the thus constructed building ensuring binder and also in the Choice of quality and effectiveness of the insulation materials used not exhibit. The large-wall panels are but, without the technology of conventional Baustoff-Herstellungsunsgmethoden such. B. the brick burning technology in larger To have to leave the scale, be dimensioned as large as possible, so that in their Move and connect to a desired building structure to work on Relocation of relatively few single wall elements is limited, which is a quick Construction progress ensures the lowest possible manipulation and personnel costs.

In addition, the building materials used for the new building boards should be biological be safe and a pleasant as possible use, or in particular Be able to convey a sense of living.

The new large-wall boards should be manufactured with low rejects its transport and its manipulation on the construction site should be as a result of optimally chosen Dimensioning and its relatively low weight simply and easily be, they should by simple editing, such. B. by separating, grinding od. Like., In each desired or required shape can be brought. They should continue be assembled without great effort to an attractive structure structure and ultimately by on-site finalization only on the site also by simple Manipulation steps with the respective desired and necessary building physics Properties such as high mechanical strength and excellent heat and Sound insulation properties, can be equipped.

In AT 411610 B a building board is described which the asked Requirements in many respects, but which in terms of robustness and Nevertheless, thermal insulation effect is not fully satisfied.

• dass die, vorteilhafterweise Bauwerks-Raum- bzw. -Geschosshöhe aufweisende, Wandbauplatte, die bevorzugt aus bzw. auf Basis gebrannter Ton- bzw. Ziegelmasse besteht, und einstückig gefertigt ist,
• - wobei dort jeweils von zwei Trag-Wandstegen und den Trag-Schalenwänden umgrenzte, etwa schachtartige - für eine, gegebenenfalls unter Anordnung von Bewehrungselementen, erfolgende Verfüllung mit einer Bindemittelmasse vorgesehene - bevorzugt Rechteck-Querschnitt aufweisende, Trag-Kammern sich von einer oberen (unteren) Schmalseitenfläche zur ihr diametral gegenüberliegenden unteren (oberen) Schmalseitenfläche der Wandbauplatte durchgehend hindurch erstrecken und an den genannten Schmalseitenflächen beidseitig offen enden, und wobei gegebenenfalls zumindest eine Trag-Schalenwand, unter Bildung eines durchgehenden, ebenfalls beidseitig offenen Schlitzraums mit Wandungen doppelwandig ausgebildet ist bzw. sind, wobei weiters
• jeder der Trag-Wandstege eine Mehrzahl von denselben durchsetzenden, bevorzugt voneinander gleichmäßig beabstandeten und gleich großen Öffnungen aufweist, und die Öffnungen der Trag-Wandstegen zueinander linear fluchtend angeordnet sind, und wobei vorgesehen ist,
• dass die Wandbauplatte zusätzlich zu den die Trag-Kammern bildenden bzw. dieselben umschließenden beiden, durch Trag-Wandstege verbundenen Trag-Schalenwänden zumindest auf einer Seite - unter Ausbildung einer Mehrzahl von Dämmkammern - eine von einer der beiden Trag-Schalenwände beabstandete, parallel zu ihr angeordnete und mit ihr über Dämm-Wandstege verbundene Dämm-Schalenwand aufweist, wobei diese Dämm-Wandstege, ebenso wie die Dämm-Schalenwand, die beiden Trag-Schalenwände und die Trag-Wandstege aus dem gleichen Material gebildet sind.

This known large-wall panel is connected on all sides on their lateral narrow side surfaces of similar components and od with the same by means of binders, by gluing. Like. Connected and arranged with two spaced from each other by spaced supporting wall webs connected to each other, mutually parallel shell walls formed, it being provided

• the wallboard advantageously having a building space or floor height, which is preferably made of or based on fired clay or brick material, and is manufactured in one piece,
• - There where each bounded by two supporting wall webs and the supporting shell walls, such as shaft-like - for one, optionally under arrangement of reinforcing elements, taking place backfilling with a binder composition provided - preferably rectangular cross-section having, support chambers extending from an upper (lower ) Narrow side surface to its diametrically opposite lower (upper) narrow side surface of the wallboard extending through and end open on both sides narrow sides open, and optionally where at least one support shell wall, forming a continuous, also open on both sides slot space with walls is double-walled or are, where further
• each of the support wall webs having a plurality of the same penetrating, preferably equally spaced and equally sized openings, and the openings of the support wall webs are arranged linearly aligned with each other, and wherein is provided
• that the wallboard in addition to the support chambers forming or the same enclosing two, connected by supporting wall webs support shell walls at least on one side - to form a plurality of insulating chambers - one of one of the two supporting shell walls spaced parallel to it arranged and connected to it via insulation wall webs connected insulating shell wall, said insulating wall webs, as well as the insulating shell wall, the two support shell walls and the supporting wall webs are formed of the same material.

It has now been found in practice that while the one-piece construction possibly some advantages in the manufacture of the new plates, e.g. by extrusion, can bring that, however, as a result of the necessary strength reasons strength or Thickness of the insulating chambers defining insulating wall webs not to negligible Wärmegfluss- or cold bridges are given, causing the Thermal insulation of the known building panels is still not fully satisfactory.

The invention has set itself the task, otherwise the spatial and structural conditions, as they are known by the just described Wall building boards are given, analogous conditions using a large-wall board to create significantly improved thermal insulation properties.

It has now been found that this goal by omitting the above Insulating wall bars can be reached.

The invention thus provides a new large-wall panel of the The preamble of claim 1 mentioned type with the im characterizing part of this claim 1 cited Characteristics and feature combinations.

Due to the full continuity of the load-bearing chambers of the new large wallboard, is basically the introduction of a possibly provided holding or Armierungsstruktur and the casting of the support chambers of the components with a the Strength of the building structure-securing binder, in particular with concrete, through the superimposed or superimposed large wall panels through ensures and thus both an internal consolidation of the individual component itself as well as a stabilization of a z. B. with several stacked components reached building structure accessible.

As far as the consolidation of the internal structure of the large wall panels is concerned, represent the connecting their majority in existing chambers Openings in the same separating support wall webs another essential stabilizing factors. The arrangement of these supporting wall web openings allows the arrangement of transversely through a plurality of support chambers to laying support and reinforcing elements when casting the support chambers with concrete, lightweight aggregate concrete od. Like., And a uniform all-round filling the Carrying chambers of wall panels.

But as far as the substantial improvement of the thermal insulation is concerned, so is it the omission of the previously only each from top to bottom or vice versa not extending insulating chambers separating insulating webs, which, as the known wall panels were made in one piece, made of the same material as Insulating shell wall, the supporting shell walls and the supporting wall webs connecting them. To the necessary strength and robustness of the building panels during transport and in the To ensure harsh conditions on the construction site, so far had the Dämm-wall bars have the necessary material thickness, and thus remained one considerable proportion of e.g. 5 - 10% of the surface of construction panels not only without Thermal insulation, but there were even cold spots.

As a result of the removal of these insulating wall bars and their replacement by - at the same time significantly increased mechanical strength only comparatively extreme low heat flow cross sections having - Abstandhalte- and Haltestreben Mild steel, the so much higher thermal conductivity of the structural steel by itself which reduced by at least much more than a power of ten, for the Heat dissipation far exceeds the available total cross-sectional area.

In itself, the new large wall panels are particularly suitable for the construction from smaller houses, such as B. from ground-level or one- to two-storey one or Multi-family houses with cellars, with a favorable dimensioning of Wall panels z. B. is that their height to the full extent, half or one third of the respective desired room height corresponds, and that their length - z. B. Following a 25 cm module basic grid - z. B. 75 cm, 1 m or 1.50 m.

The thickness of the wallboard can be essentially any and to the respective individual requirements from the climatic conditions and the be adapted to them forming material adapted

Another advantageous feature of the new large-wall panels can in the optionally provided double walled at least one of its supporting shell walls consist: By simply opening one wall of the double-walled shell wall, z. B. by milling, drilling or straining, can the Slit space between these walls open, and it can be there any desired Installation elements, such as As cables, pipes, telecommunication lines od. Like. introduced, retracted od. Like. Be, after which a simple closing the before created access openings, slots od. Like., For example, by simply to-clean od. Like. Can be done.

The claim 2 discloses a preferred form of distancing and Retaining elements, namely as usual for overlays or ceilings grid bars with V-shaped Cross-sectional shape, which are marketable and therefore cost-effective.

The claims 3 and 4 are various advantageous details of Arrangement and anchorage for holding and spacing the insulation shell wall provided grid bars, wherein in the embodiment according to claim 4, a particularly high strength by introducing the forces from the lattice girder struts over the V-edge in the reinforced by the supporting wall webs and supported tray wall is ensured.

The claim 5 it can be seen that possibly also an original level and then spatially "zig-zag" unfolded or edged Baustahlgitter as Spacer and retaining element (e) between insulation shell wall and tray wall can be used, which brings an increased rigidity of the wallboard with it.

The claim 6 relates to advantageous details of the arrangement and anchoring the provided as distancing and holding elements "zig-zag" folded Baustahlgitter.

It should be made clear at this point that the in the arranged building panels according to the invention, in each case a plurality of small Material thickness, extending from insulation shell wall to support shell wall and vice versa extending rods or struts comprising distancing and holding elements have the great advantage that they have no - which ultimately makes for a filling with insulating material provided insulation space in - as previously known - individual, parallel to each other vertically separating insulating chambers separating and thus distributing the Insulating particles or insulating foam, hitherto by the supporting wall webs have formed partitions.

Rather, one is on its main surfaces through the supporting shell wall on the one hand and by the insulating shell wall on the other hand defined, but - if wanted - otherwise open in all directions, more freely and freely fillable or only with the Narrow side of the plate closing end wall laterally limited insulation space given in which insulating particles, grains, flakes or insulation foams themselves not only, as previously in the shaft-like insulation chambers vertically, but also laterally horizontally, so spread out freely in all directions within the Dämm space and distribute, which ultimately ensures a uniform distribution of insulation materials in the Walls of the arranged side by side and one above the other and over their narrow sides together with the building connected large-wall building construction and thus ensuring a uniform thermal insulation over the entire wall surface.

By eliminating the vertical chambering when building walls with the new wall panels at Seitversetzung the superimposed to be arranged Building boards on a possible congruence of the Dämm chambers no longer respected become.

Not all materials suitable for the new large components for example, because of too low strength - for a double-walled embodiment the shell walls are suitable, it is for such a case, which is also for the sake of Structural static can occur, favorable to execute the shell walls massively.

Manufacturing technology and favorable for the stability is further an arrangement of Connecting webs between the supporting shell walls and the short connecting webs between the two partial walls thereof in the case of double-walled shell walls essentially in a line.

A further advantageous embodiment of the new wallboard is according to claim 7 then given if both support shell walls with Slot space walls are formed bivalve and in particular building exterior, from the corresponding support shell wall by means of distancing and Holding elements spaced, the insulating shell wall to form the practical is arranged on all sides continuous Dämm space.

The insulation rooms end, are open to the side and upwards, so that one uniform internal filling of the wallboard with pourable or flowable insulating material not only in one of the wall panels, but at the same time with her in one arranged above or on top or below or optionally also arranged laterally, similar Wandbauplatte, thus ultimately over the entire Building height, is possible.

In the sense of the above-mentioned flexibility in the use of the new Wandbauplatten in practice is a known modular grid-like arrangement of rectangular cross-section bearing chambers within the plates low.

To one, the respective module dimension corresponding, lateral connection of the Ensuring new large-wall panels with each other, the omission of a the laterally outermost support wall webs between the support shell walls be favorable, so that, as provided according to claim 8, the wallboard at one of their lateral (narrow) side edges with a supporting wall bridge completes, while the Insulation room there - as otherwise open up, down and on the other narrow side and with there the support shell walls or both, the installation slot forming Slot walls continuing, laterally projecting from the plate extensions ends.

It may, as further provided according to claim 8 advantageously, for a mutual connection or merger of several wallboard but also be cheap, both sides, as just described, laterally outwards to provide open, outer support chambers, wherein the laterally free-ending extensions of Support shell walls when joining and connecting the side Wandbauelemente mutually butt-jointed bonded or glued become. In this way, then in the finished building structure each of two adjacent, laterally open support chambers of two side by side adjacently arranged and adhesively bonded together wall components respectively a common, also formed from top to bottom through support chamber.

The claims 9 and 10 relate to preferred embodiments of new wallboard, in which the support shell walls with each other or the outer supporting shell wall and the insulating shell wall upwards and to one side are different in length. This kind of plates is e.g. for the execution of building corner edges Cheap.

The invention relates according to claims 11 and 12 far to the previously described large wall panels very analog plates, in which also the Support wall bars by - analogous to the spacer elements of the insulation shell walls - Tray spacers and holding elements are formed.

Another essential subject of the present invention is formed Structure or the wall structure of a building, from the previously in their details described in detail according to the invention large wall panels Claim 13.

The new type of connection of large wall panels described here to Bauwerk has the great advantage that until the completion of the structure for their mechanical strength responsible binders, especially concrete, also free can be selected, such as the backfilling of - together optionally one of Dimension of an entire building wall, possibly building-wide, So also the building corners comprehensive total insulation space forming - Insulating rooms provided pourable, free-flowing or flowable insulating material.

The claim 14 is a preferred way of forming the upper Edge of the topmost large wall panels of the structure for the connection of the or to the roof structure, whereby simultaneously with the backfilling of Insulating rooms in the wallboard panels or the overall construction-comprehensive insulation room of the finished structure, the thermal insulation in the between the Rafters of a roof formed cavities may be introduced so that the body Strands of the thermal insulation material from the building's lower edge to the roof ridge can be formed continuously without interruption.

1. Die Bauzeit von Massivbauten mit (Außen-) Wärmedämmung ist minimiert

2. Es können vorteilhaft natürliche oder naturnahe Materialien, und zwar auch solche mit relativ geringer mechanischer Festigkeit als Werkstoffe eingesetzt werden

3. Der Zusammenbau der modulartig ausgebildeten Platten ist einfach

4. Es erfolgt Vorfertigung im Werk und zwar inkl. Einbau von Einbauteilen, wie z. B. Fenster, Türstöcke, bis hin zum fertigen Verputz

5. Das Transport-Gewicht der Platten ist durch den Ersatz der Baustoffmasse der bisherigen Dämm-Wandstege durch Stahlstäbe beachtlich verringert

6. Die Wärme- und Schalldämmung kann individuell gewählt werden, und es sind durchaus große Wärmedämmmaterial-Schichtstärken möglich

7. Für die Wärmedämmung kann loses, eventuell recycliertes und jedenfalls wiederverwendbares Dämm-Material verwendet werden

8. Kältebrücken sind durch eine den Wegfall der Dämm-Wandsteige praktisch völlig vermieden

9. Die Wärmedämmung kann - in analoger Weise wie außen - auch zusätzlich oder nur innenseitig vorgesehen sein

10. Beim Abbruch eines mit den Platten gebildeten Bauwerks kann das Dämm-Material ohne große Beschädigung gewonnen und wieder verwendet werden

11. Schnellere Austrocknung durch die nach allen Seiten hin offenen Dämm-Räume zwischen Dämm- und Trag-Schalenwand

The advantages of the wallboard according to the invention are briefly summarized below:

1. The construction time of solid buildings with (external) heat insulation is minimized

2. It may be advantageous to use natural or natural materials, including those with relatively low mechanical strength as materials

3. The assembly of the module-like plates is easy

4. Prefabrication takes place in the factory, including installation of built-in components, such as. As windows, doorsticks, up to the finished plaster

5. The transport weight of the plates is considerably reduced by the replacement of the building material of the previous insulation wall bars by steel rods

6. The heat and sound insulation can be chosen individually, and it is quite possible large thermal insulation layer thicknesses

7. Loose, possibly recycled and in any case reusable insulation material can be used for the thermal insulation

8. Cold bridges are virtually completely avoided by the elimination of the insulating walls

9. The thermal insulation can - in an analogous manner as outside - also be provided in addition or only on the inside

10. When demolishing a structure formed with the slabs, the insulating material can be recovered and reused without much damage

11. Faster dehydration due to the insulating space between the insulation and the supporting shell wall that is open on all sides

Regarding the practice of building in practice, the following note:

A leakage of the thermal insulation material on the narrow sides of the plates can by closure strips which are placed before the thermal insulation is introduced, be prevented. The large-wall building boards become a building with an adhesive glued together. If necessary, openings for windows and doors are made from the Wallboard cut or equal planned in the production of the plates and released and with - the Dämm space and the load-bearing chambers final - End plates are provided. For the house installations are installation slots in to provide the preferred double-walled support shell wall.

The new large wall panels are produced in the factory, and they are also on same dimensions are brought, such. B. in wallboard from burned Brick mass od. Like. By sawing, milling, grinding or other suitable Ablation methods.

The insulation room "thickness" depends on the insulating effect of the insulation in the room registered insulation material and possibly also of the static requirements.

The new large-wall building panels, preferably with natural solid wall material are made as a structuring material, are on site by means of Small crane or already assembled in the factory in the composite, where as Transport aid in each case in the lower and in the upper region of the wall plate a crane girder can be installed, and these crane beams by means of threaded rods with each other are connected and removed after successful displacement and installation of the plate. When Connecting material for the plates to form a building wall, will, as already mentioned above, used an adhesive.

Outlets, such. B. Windows and door openings are either released immediately or later cut out and with shutters, z. B. with hard foam panels, boarded.

Corners and connections can be connected masonry.

Grates are designed so that the support chambers are cut off and the insulation room at the top of the ceiling is open. On the inside of the carrying chamber can still provide additional rust insulation against the cooling through the ceiling be attached.

After applying the plaster, the wall element can be finished, except for the concrete filling, which after successful displacement of the wall panels in the Carrying chambers is introduced.

The wall panels are moved in blocks, usually then becomes a Pulled in blanket and then relocated a projectile. These plates have Conveniently, an upper side shorter inner support wall shell, which thereby given deduction serves for the support of a ceiling.

A reinforcement can be placed in the supporting chambers, depending on Requirement also at the factory or at the construction site.

The introduction of the insulating material is done in a favorable manner after drying of the Walls and ceilings, whereby filling the walls simultaneously with the filling of the ceiling or roof truss can be done. As a result, virtually all cold bridges can be avoided become.

Before filling, they may be open laterally and upwards Insulating rooms sealed with sealing strips, so no heat-insulating material get lost.

Until such closure of the insulation chambers takes place, they act as catches, in which a train is created and what causes a faster dehydration of the structure contributes.

The insulating material, if it is small-sized flowable, later on demolition recovered and used again.

For balconies, the insulation with a thermally insulated cantilever executed. The filling with insulating material is done by drilling the chambers below thereof. The same applies to the windows.

Reference to the drawings, the invention is explained in more detail: It shows in floor plan, Sectional and side view and in a sectional view of a first embodiment of a According to the invention, provided for the formation of building corners or edges Large wallboard without thermal insulation, Figs. 4 to 6 in the same three ways, Figs. 1 to 4 in plan view and in side view, as well as in two sectional views one first embodiment of a wallboard according to the invention with thermal insulation space, which can be used as a corner module, Figs. 5 to 8 in the same four, just mentioned types of views another embodiment of a new wallboard with thermal insulation in basic module design, Fig. 9 shows a favorable type of Equipment of a new wallboard for their transport to the site, Fig. 10 a Detail sectional view of the new building board 1 and Figs. 11a, 11b and 12 schematically three Embodiments of distancing and holding elements of the new wallboard in Angled views, Figs. 13 and 14 a section of a wallboard in two FIGS. 15, 16 and 17 schematically show three embodiments of the new Building board each in three views, Figs. 18 to 20 each in a perspective view the Construction of a structure created with the new panels, each with a separate layout a first crowd and a second, to be arranged above crowd of inventive Wandbauplatten and finally from the first and second flock of Wandbauplatten formed or assembled, entire structure structure shown are. Furthermore, Figs. 21 to 23 in addition to FIGS. 18 to 20 - respectively in Floor plan view and each also separated, the first and the second A crowd of new wall building boards, as well as those from the two superimposed Flock building structure, where - as by arrowheads on the shock and Splices suggested - the building panels of the second group over that of the first Group are laterally offset, Figs. 24 and 25 in sectional and front view of the Connecting a roof-insulation structure to a new adapted for this purpose Wallboard within a building structure, Fig. 26 a in the context of Invention preferred training variant of the new wallboard and finally the Fig. 27, the formation of a lateral conclusion of a new wallboard against a building structure.

The for a one-sided, so provided for the right connection of others Wall panels provided wallboard 1 of Fig. 1 to 4, has substantially erected rectangular basic shape and consists of two spaced-apart, mutually parallel support tray walls 2, each with two relatively close spaced, parallel to each other, relatively thin partial walls 201, 202, between which - by connecting these two walls 201, 202 web parts 2012 separately - a plurality of, for the accommodation of Installation elements, such as supply lines, communication lines od. Like. provided, installation slot chambers 205 are formed.

The two support shell walls 2 are interconnected by each other spaced support wall webs 21 with evenly spaced from each other, here round, web openings 211 interconnected. Between the supporting wall webs 21st and the two support shell walls 2 are in the form shown seven equal size, Rectangular cross section having support chambers 25 and a right side laterally outside lying support chamber 251 with narrower or half rectangular cross-section educated. The support chambers 25, 251 are used for mechanical stabilization of z. B. made of baked clay and therefore not high-strength wall panels 1, by this ultimately after completion of the structure structure with a flowable, later then hardening and solidifying binder mass, such as preferably concrete or lightweight concrete poured out.

The support chambers 25, 251 pass through the wallboard 1 without interruption from their upper side or upper narrow side 93 to their lower side 94 and are thus open on both sides. On the right side edge 92 have the two located there outermost support chambers 251, 252 no side wall and thus an open Cross-section. The support shell walls 2 and their partial walls 201, 202 terminate at the Side edge 92 of the new wallboard 1 out as extensions 22nd

The wallboard has one spaced from one of its support shell walls 2 arranged and parallel to her, with her about distance and Holding elements 310, here V-grid webs 311, connected insulation shell wall 3 on. Of the formed in this way, penetrated only by the bars of the grid bars 311 uniform insulation space 350 is open up, down and to the right. In the 1 to 4 shown wallboard 1 is conveniently for end or corner areas the walls of a building structure provided.

The in these FIGS. 5 to 8 - otherwise completely identical reference numerals meanings - Wallboard 1 shown is as a two-sided on similar building panels connectable building board or wall module plate with a left and a right outermost support chamber 251, 252, each with open cross-section and for connection a z. B. as well with laterally open support chamber, continuing further Wallboard 1 is formed.

The in these Figs. 5 to 8 - with otherwise constant Reference numerals - shown wallboard 1 is on both sides outer, having open cross-section, ie without laterally limiting support web walls 21st trained support chambers 251, 252 formed. They stand out from this, for one Mutually connecting further wall panels provided extensions 22 of Support shell wall 2 on both sides laterally away.

In to the Fig. 1 to 4 analogous way - by grid bars 311 as distancing and Holding elements 310 connected to the support shell wall 2 - from the same arranged spaced and arranged parallel to her insulation shell wall 3, which together with the supporting shell wall defines the insulating space 35.

Based on the wall panel 1 shown in side view in Fig. 9 is - with otherwise constant reference numerals - shown how the transport of the new Wall panels 1 in a simple way going: There are two horizontal I-beam 81st or support with a different cross section, one of them in the lower part of the building board 1 and a second positioned in the upper region of the building board 1, and these clamp by means two threaded rods 82, which together with nuts 83 for holding the Building panel 1 between the two I-beams 81 care, this plate 1, so to speak. At the upper I-beam 81 is further a crane eye for the transport, for the up and Unloading at the construction site and intended for on-site manipulation at the construction site.

From Fig. 10, the structure of the new large-wall panels 1 based on a Detail shown in detail: It is clearly visible there, as the vertical V-edge 3110 is anchored right there in the outside support wall shell 2, where on the another side, the supporting wall webs 21 branch off. Furthermore, it is shown that in the two support shell walls 2 and in the insulation shell wall 3 and in the Carrier webs 21 each reinforcing grid 231 are embedded, wherein the Reinforcement grid 231 in the insulating shell wall 3 and in the outer tray wall 2 are connected to the distancing and holding elements 310, 311 and in this way a highly stable reinforcement is given.

FIGS. 11 a and 11 b schematically show two differently formed, in principle V-cross section having grid bars 311, as he from the construction industry is known and which as distancing and holding elements 310 between insulation shell wall and supporting shell wall and provided for the formation of the Dämm space are, as shown in FIG. 11a a symmetrical and in Fig. 11 b each one side changing zig-zag bracing is arranged.

Fig. 12 shows another embodiment of the Dämmraum distancing and - Retaining element 310, which here consists of a continuous steel grating 312 formed is folded zig-zag-edge. With the fold edges 3120 is the same respectively alternately in the insulating shell wall and in one of the supporting shell walls of the new Wallboard anchored.

Figs. 13 and 14 show - with otherwise constant Reference numerals - again a section of an inventive Wallboard 1.

FIGS. 15, 16 and 17 each show three main embodiments in three different views the new wallboard 1, namely FIG. 15, an outer wallboard, in which the support shell walls 2 shortened at the upper edge 93 are formed to allow the support of a ceiling, while the insulating shell wall 3 is longer, Fig. 16 an inner wallboard 1 with Thermal insulation without any special features, which is rarely used, and the Fig. 17 is a corner wallboard 1, the upper edge 93 formed in the same way is, as in the plate 1 shown in Fig. 15, in which, however, at the right edge 92nd each of the inner support shell wall 2 in comparison to the outer receding is formed and this outer support shell wall 2 in turn with respect to the insulation shell wall 3, so that with another wallboard approximately formschluss similar Interlocking of the plates to form a building vertical corner edge comes.

FIG. 18 shows a perspective view of a first blade 10 of FIG arranged side by side and mutually laterally bonded wallboard panels 1, 1 ', 1 ", 1 '' ', ... built in accordance with the invention building structure 100, where there are side-to-side connections, also rectangular butt-jointed corner or edge connections, a Bevel angle connection and also a transverse inner wall connection to an outer wall are shown.

FIG. 19 shows the arrangement of the second group of wall panels 1 ^x , 1 ^xi , 1 ^{xii to be fitted} onto the first group of wall panels 1, 1 ', 1 ", 1'''. to those of the first crowd 10 - are arranged laterally offset positions.

FIG. 20 shows the first and second flocks 10 and 10 'of the wall construction panels 1, 1', 1 ", 1 ''',... 1 ^x , 1 ^xi assembled to the finished structural structure 100 in full structural height hbw, FIG. 1 ^xii . The rectangular cross section having support chambers 25 are - after possible introduction of reinforcing elements - ultimately in full height hbw with concrete and the only penetrated by the thin distancing and holding elements 35 insulation rooms in height hbw and possibly partially sideways continuously with an insulating material, eg based on styrofoam particles or plastic foam, fillable.

FIGS. 21 to 23 show the plan views analogous to the perspective views of FIGS. 16 to 18 and thus the arrangement of the wallboard panels 1 ', 1 ", 1''' of the first group 10 and, separately, the wallboard panels 1 ^x , 1 ^xi , 1 ^{xii of} the second wallboard-Schar 10 'and finally the floor plan of the two successive crowds 10, 10' of wallboard 1 ', 1 ", 1''', ... 1 ^x , 1 ^xi , 1 ^xii the building structure. It can be seen from these FIGS. 19-22 that over the entire height hbw of the building 100 in the supporting chambers 25, continuity for a concrete filling compound 259 is given for a possible reinforcement.

With regard to the other Figs. 24 and 25, the sectional view of Fig. 24 shows the Connection of rust and knee stick of a eaves ridge structure, wherein the wall plate 1 is excluded at the places where the ceiling beams are retracted, which applies only to the part with the support chambers 35, but not for the part with the Insulation spaces 35, which up to the between the rafters 71 of the roof 70th trained roof insulation rooms 72 rich, where just open end and without Pass interruption in this roof insulating chambers 72. The between the on the Wall bank 73 resting on the upper boundary surface 93 of the wallboard 1 Rafters 71 lying rooms 72 are thus directly to the insulation rooms 35 of the new Wandbauplatte 1 connected and can therefore simultaneously and together with the (Heat) insulating rooms 35 are filled with insulating material 735.

Fig. 25 shows the construction in front view, showing how the Rafters 71 in, in the wallboard 1 incised, pewter-like Recesses 150 are stored the same. It is indicated there in dashed form the wall bank 73.

The variant shown in Fig. 26 in a schematic sectional view of the previously explained, new wallboard has in the same way as the same two spaced apart - here only "single-shell" - supporting shell walls 2, which but not by webs of the material of the building board, so for example. made of burned Brick mass, but by Tragwand Distanzier and holding elements 210 made of steel kept apart from each other. It creates a uniform, continuous support space 250, which e.g. is poured with concrete. Outward is, as explained in detail above, the basic concept of the invention appropriately designed building boards, by means of distancing and holding elements 310, ie Grid webs 311, the outer supporting shell wall 2 to form the Dämm space 35 connected to the insulation shell wall.

FIG. 27 shows - with otherwise identical reference sign meanings - an example of the lateral conclusion of a using the inventive Wall panels 1 against a window or Türleibung 80 arranged there Window stick 83 out. It is shown there as to the narrow side of the building board 1 a Thermal insulation layer or thermal insulation foam body 81, e.g. made of styrofoam, is arranged, which is aligned with the main surfaces of the structural panel 1 side edges and a via the insulating body 81 and said outer surfaces a continuous plaster layer 82 is pulled.

Claims (14)

Large wallboard, which on all sides at their lateral boundary or narrow side surfaces (91 - 94), to similar components (1 ', 1 ", 1"') connectable and od with the same by means of binders, by gluing. Like. Connected and with two spaced-apart, by spaced supporting wall webs (21) interconnected, mutually parallel shell walls (2) is formed, wherein continuous cavities are formed, wherein the building space or floor height exhibiting wallboard is made of a near-natural building material, in particular from or on the basis of fired clay or brick mass, said further each of two supporting wall webs (21) and the supporting shell walls (2) delimited, about shaft-like, taking place for a direct or under arrangement of reinforcing elements backfilling with a binder material, concrete od. Like. Provided support chambers (25) are provided which extend continuously from an upper or lower narrow side surface (93, 94) to the diametrically opposite lower or upper narrow side surface (94, 93) of the wallboard (1) and open at both ends on said narrow side surfaces (93, 94) end up, wherein at least one of the support shell walls (2), with the formation of a continuous, also upwardly and downwardly open slot space (205) with walls (201, 202) may be double-walled, and wherein each of the support wall webs (21) has a plurality of the same, equally spaced and / or equal sized openings (211), the openings (211) of a plurality of support wall webs (21) being linearly aligned with each other, characterized, in addition to the two enclosing or forming the support chambers (25), which are either not reinforced by reinforcements or reinforced by means of reinforcement (231), either non-reinforced or reinforced with reinforcing wall webs (21). Shell walls (2), of which at least one double-walled, at least on one side or only on the outside, - to form a uniform, preferably after at least two of the narrow side surfaces (91, 92, 93, 94) towards open Dämm- Space (35) - one of the support shell wall (2) of this side spaced, arranged parallel to it, either not Reinforcing reinforced or reinforced by means of reinforcement (231) insulating shell wall (3) is arranged, which with the said respective Trag- Shell wall (2) via rod, striven, gutter-like or lattice-like distancing and holding elements (310) made of structural steel, which in the case of the presence of a Armier ung (231), eg a reinforcing grid are connected to the same or with parts thereof. Large wallboard according to claim 1, characterized in that the distancing and holding elements (310) are formed by lattice webs (311) which have a V-shaped cross-sectional shape and are anchored in the supporting shell wall (2) and in the insulating shell wall (3). Large wallboard according to claim 1 or 2, characterized that the V-grid webs (311) are anchored with their V-folds or V-edges (3110) in the support shell wall (2) and with the open V-ends in the insulation shell wall (3), and / or in that the V grid webs (311) in the wallboard (1) are arranged to extend in the same direction as the support wall chambers (25) or the supporting wall webs (21) separating them from one another. Large wallboard according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that the V-kinks or V-edges (3110) of the V-lattice webs (311) are anchored along lines or strips in the support-shell wall (2) which show the position and the course of the support Wall bars (21). Large wallboard according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized, that the distancing and holding elements (310) are formed by reinforcing grid (312) of structural steel anchored in the support shell wall (2) and in the insulating shell wall (3), respectively, and / or in that the distancing and holding elements (310) are formed by structural steel or reinforcing gratings (312), preferably uniformly, zig-zag shaped fold-bent, wherein the folding creases (3120) each alternately in the supporting shell wall bounding the insulating space (35) (2) and in the insulating shell wall (3) are anchored. Large wallboard according to one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized, in that the folding creases (3120) of the fold-bent structural steel or reinforcing grid (312) forming the distancing and retaining elements (310) run in the same direction as the supporting chambers (25) and the supporting wall webs (21) between the two Support shell walls (2), and / or in that the folding creases (3120) of the fold-bent structural steel or reinforcing grid (312) forming the distancing and holding elements (310) are at least partially anchored along lines or strips in the supporting shell wall (2) the course of the supporting wall webs (21) correspond. Large wallboard according to one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized in that both support shell walls (2) with slot space walls (201, 202) are formed two shells and building outside, spaced from the corresponding support shell wall (2), the insulation shell wall (3) to form the Dämmraumes (35 ) is arranged. Large wallboard according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized that it is formed with a plurality of, preferably mutually equal, open, rectangular cross-sectional area having support chambers (25), wherein one of the two laterally outermost support chambers (25) a closed and the other (251) - to form shell wall -Fortsätzen (22) - have a laterally open cross section, and / or in that it is formed with a plurality of support chambers (25) having preferably the same, open, rectangular cross-sectional area, and that both laterally outermost support chambers (251, 252) - preferably half the cross-sectional area of the remaining support chambers (25) having - each having the formation of both sides of the wallboard (1) laterally projecting shell wall projections (22) to the side open cross-section. Large wallboard according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that both support shell walls (2) in an outer wallboard or at a corner connection outer wall plate (1) to the upper edge (93) out in comparison to the insulating wall shell (3) set back and shortened are formed. Large wallboard according to claim 9, characterized in that the insulating wall shell (3) at a Eckanschluss outer wall plate (1) to one of the lateral edges (91, 92) out of her spaced, outwardly facing support wall shell (2 Is projected or compared to the same extended, and that the inner support wall shell (2) relative to the aforementioned outer support wall shell (2) discontinued or shortened. Large wallboard according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it is present in one of the basic form disclosed therein analog training variant, in which omitting the shaft-like insulation chambers, the two support shell walls (2) with replacement of the supporting wall webs by at their Place passing, respectively in the two supporting shell walls (2) anchored rod, striven, gitterstegartige or lattice-like tray spacers and holding elements (210) are interconnected. Large wallboard according to claim 11, characterized in that the trays-distancing and holding elements (210) in one or analogous to a disclosed in particular in claims 2 to 6 embodiment and / or arrangement of Dämmschalen Distanzier- and holding elements (310 ) are formed. Building or building wall structure of a building (100) from a plurality of large wall building boards (1, 1 ', 1 ", 1"', ... 1 ^x , 1 ^xi , 1 ^xii ) according to one of claims 1 to 12 , characterized that it - according to a given floor plan or construction plan - with a corresponding position-positioned and position-stabilized first share (10) of butt abutting one another and on their lateral narrow side surfaces (91, 92) and / or in corner areas and / or at transverse wall connecting regions of the structure (100), preferably by a binder, adhesive bond or the like, interconnected wall building boards (1, 1 ', 1 ", 1"') is formed, that - in the case of a multi-storey structure - on the upwardly facing, the open ends of the support chambers (25) having narrow side surfaces (93) of the first coulter (10) by at least one support chamber width (btk), laterally displaced or offset, with their, the downwardly facing, also the open ends of their support chambers (25) having, lower narrow side surfaces (94) at least another second set (10 ') of wallboard (1 ^x , 1 ^xi , 1 ^xii ) placed is, which are also connected to one another laterally and, preferably by means of binders, gluing od. Like., Connected to the first wallboard Schar (10), wherein the shaft-like support chambers (25) of the wall panels (1 ', 1 ", 1"', 1 ^x , 1 ^xi , 1 ^xii ), optionally laterally offset from one another and connected to one another, are connected over the entire height of the structure (hbw) are consistent, and that the supporting chambers (25) - if necessary after introduction of the same essentially in building height (hbw) and / or a plurality of supporting wall web openings (211) passing through reinforcing elements - essentially in respective total building height ( hbw) with a flowable binder mass (259), preferably concrete, are filled, and in the substantially in respective total building height (hbw), optionally on both sides and in any case up and down continuous insulation chambers (35) of over and next to each other arranged construction panels (1, 1 ', 1 ", ... 1 ^X , 1 ^XI , ...) or the like. A particle-shaped, granular, fibrous, flaky or foaming insulating material (735) is introduced. Building according to claim 13, characterized in that upper or eaves-side wallboard panels (1 ', 1 ", 1"') are designed as knee-skirting closure elements (01), wherein the respective upper walls of the wallboard (FIG. 1, 1 ", 1"') formed wall of the building (100) building height continuous insulation rooms (35) open at the bottom, between the rafters (71) of a roof structure (70) arranged Dachdämm rooms (72) directly connect into which a particulate, granular, fibrous, flaky or foaming insulating material (735) is introduced at the same time and together with said insulating chambers (35) of the building wall.

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