DE20007312U1 - Component and lattice girder - Google Patents

Description

GRÜNECKER, KINKELDEY, S^TcSCiCMAlf?

LAW FIRM

LAW FIRM MAXIMIUANSTRASSE 53 D-80538 MUNICH GERMANY

Applicant:

FILIGRAN TRAEGERSYSTEME GMBH & CO. KG AM ZAPPENBERG6 31633 LEESE/WESER

LAWYERS

MUNICH

DR. HELMUT EICHMANN

GERHARD BARTH

DR. ULRICH BLUMENRÖDER, LLM.

CHRISTA NIKLAS-FALTER

DR. MAXIMILIAN KINKELDEY, LLM.

SONJA SCHAEFFLER

DR. KARSTEN BRANDT

ELISABETH RUSCH

MICHAEL J. FRANKE, LLM.

UTE STEPHANI

DR. BERND ALLEKOTTE

OF COUNSEL

PATENT ATTORNEYS

AUGUST GRÜNEECKER
DR. GUNTER BEZOLD
DR. WALTER LANGHOFF

OR. WILFRIED STOCKMAIR (-1996)

PATENT ATTORNEYS

EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEYS

MUNICH

DR. HERMANN KINKELDEY

PETER H. JAKOB

WOLFHARD MEISTER

HANS HILGERS

DR. HENNING MEYER-PLATH

ANNELIE EHNOLD

THOMAS SCHUSTER

DR. KLARA G0LD8ACH

MARTIN AUFENANGER

GOTTFRIED KLITSCH

DR. HEIKE VOGELSANG-WENKE

REINHARD KNAUER

DIETMAR KUHL

DR. FRANZ.JOSEF ZIMMER

BETTINA K. REICHELT

DR. ANTON K. PFAU

DR. UDO WEIGELT

RAINER BERTRAM

JENS KOCH, M.S. (UofPAI M.S. (ENSPM)

BERND ROTHAEMEL

DR. DANIELA KINKELDEY

DR. MARIA R. VEGA LASO

COLOGNE

DR. MARTIN DROPMANN

CHEMNITZ
MANFRED SCHNEIDER

YOUR REF.

OUR REF.

G 4298-25/Sü DATE / DATE

20.04.00

Structural element and lattice girder

MAXIMILIANSTRASSE 58

D-80538 MUNICH

TEL 089/21 23 50

FAX (size 3) 089 / 22 02 87, (size 4) 089 / 21 86 4?9"3>

http://www.grunecker.de J «

e-mail: postmaster@grunecker.de I··*

KAISER-WILHELM-RING

D-50672 COLOGNE

TEL 0221/94 97 22! * * * FAX «! * S) β??*/ «4 9J 22;2 J &iacgr;** http://vwv*w^rurjeaker.ije · · • ·· *e-ma4j«iJv3p*reann@^{unecKer*de ANNABERGER STRASSE 73
D-09111 CHEMNITZ

httpj/wwji.grujitcker.dj J
e-mail: s«iiteiti«P#gruneAftr.de*

DEUTSCHE BANK MUNICH NO. 17 51734
Bank code 700 700 10 SWIFT: DEUT DE MM

Structural element and lattice girder

The invention relates to a structural element according to the preamble of claim 1 or the preamble of the independent claim 2, as well as a lattice girder according to the preamble of the independent claim 17 or the preamble of the independent claim 18.

In construction practice, building elements have been known for years that are installed as walls, for example, and are initially prefabricated in a precast plant from two concrete slabs that are connected and kept at a distance by lattice girders. Thermal insulation is installed in the space between the concrete slabs. There is general approval Z-15.2-140 from the German Institute for Building Technology for such components. Such building elements can also be expanded to form wall structures in several layers and contain air, insulation or concrete layers. In such a building element, which can be used for a wall structure, for example, the lattice girder is not completely encased in concrete in the final state because of the insulation layer or an air gap. The diagonals are exposed over part of their length in the insulation layer or in an air gap. In this intermediate area, there is no adequate corrosion protection from embedding concrete. Since these exposed areas of the lattice girder later have to take on a load-bearing function and are taken into account statically, the required function would no longer be provided as corrosion increases. According to the above-mentioned approval, when using lattice girders, at least one row of diagonals is made of stainless steel (rust-proof steel) to ensure that these statically considered components are protected against corrosion. The large number of diagonals of the lattice girders are actually not necessary for later corrosion-resistant load transfer. The expensive stainless steel content in the lattice girders is therefore excessive and is not justified by the static requirements. On the other hand, the stainless steel content of such lattice girders with continuous rows of diagonals cannot currently be reduced for manufacturing reasons.

A possible alternative would be to use reinforcing steel lattice girders without corrosion protection to manufacture the structural elements, and additionally individual composite elements

· ■ ·

made of stainless steel, as is known from multi-layer facade panels or so-called sandwich elements. In these cases, the stainless steel composite elements are installed individually and separately from the lattice girders, which requires a considerable amount of work and time. The installation requires appropriately designed anchoring elements such as loops that must enclose the reinforcements in the concrete slabs.

The invention is based on the object of specifying a structural element of the type mentioned at the outset or a lattice girder for such a structural element, with which the use of stainless steel material can be limited to the later static requirements and the anchoring of the corrosion-resistant composite materials is ensured without additional installation effort.

The stated object is achieved according to the invention with the features of claim 1, of dependent claim 2 or of independent claims 17 and 18.

According to claim 1, inexpensive and commercially available, but not corrosion-resistant, concrete steel lattice girders are used to manufacture the structural element and only as many stainless steel composite elements are anchored to the lattice girder with a correspondingly coarse pitch and in the desired orientation as corresponds to the static requirements of corrosion-proof load transfer in the structural element. As a result, stainless steel only needs to be used to a reduced extent. Installation is simple if the stainless steel composite elements are anchored to the lattice girders and are properly positioned in the concrete slabs and finally firmly anchored therein. The stainless steel composite elements can be attached when the lattice girders are manufactured.

According to claim 2, in addition to the reinforcing steel lattice girders, individual short lattice girder pieces with approximately only one diagonal field length are anchored individually in the concrete slabs for the corrosion-resistant load transfer in the later structural element. Since at least the respective diagonal of such a short lattice girder piece is made of stainless steel and forms a composite element, the corrosion-resistant load transfer in the

·

later construction element, with only minimal use of expensive stainless steel material. Installation is easy because the stainless steel composite elements are already properly positioned and anchored to the flanges of the short lattice girder sections.

With the lattice girder according to claim 17, structural elements with an insulating layer and/or an intermediate space can be manufactured cost-effectively and quickly, because the composite elements required for the subsequent corrosion-resistant load transfer for static reasons are already anchored in the correct position to the reinforcing steel lattice girders and can be easily installed.

Alternatively, according to claim 18, only individual lattice girder pieces with approximately one diagonal field length are provided, in which at least the diagonals are made of stainless steel, but are already anchored to the belts of the lattice girder piece and enable simple and rapid installation.

To anchor the stainless steel composite element, a welded connection to the structural steel lattice girder, preferably its flanges, is advantageous. The stainless steel composite element is positioned in the correct position from the outset and is anchored in the concrete slabs with its weld points.

Alternatively, the stainless steel composite elements can also be anchored to the chords of the reinforcing steel lattice girder by bending them over the chords. This anchoring is stabilized in the concrete slabs.

In an alternative embodiment of a lattice girder with individual diagonals made of reinforcing steel, a stainless steel individual diagonal is welded in instead of an individual diagonal. This can be done in the machine used to manufacture the lattice girder. Only as many stainless steel individual diagonals are welded in as the static requirements for corrosion-resistant load transfer in the subsequent structural element require.

It is fundamentally important that the anchoring or welding points with which the stainless steel composite elements are anchored to the lattice girder or lattice girder section are embedded in the concrete slabs in the structural element and are therefore corrosion-resistant.

The respective stainless steel composite element can be flush with the upper and lower chords of the lattice girder. However, it can also be welded with an overhang over the upper and/or lower chords, for example to improve anchoring in the concrete slabs.

In a simple embodiment of the structural element, each stainless steel composite element is a straight bar that runs perpendicular or diagonally to the flanges of the reinforcing steel lattice girder. , .

In another alternative, each composite element is a pair of stainless steel rods arranged in an approximately V-shape.

For better anchoring of the composite element in the concrete slabs, anchoring elements bent in the longitudinal direction of the lattice girder can be formed.

According to a further alternative, each stainless steel composite element can be integrally bent from a rod in an approximately V-shape.

Depending on whether it is considered appropriate for the composite element to absorb forces in the longitudinal direction of the lattice girder or transversely thereto, the composite element can be oriented parallel to the longitudinal direction of the lattice girder or transversely thereto.

With regard to the static requirements, it is advantageous if the thickness of the stainless steel composite element is greater than the thickness of the diagonals and/or the flanges of the reinforcing steel lattice girder.

In a universal manner, different types and orientations of stainless steel composite elements can be applied to one and the same lattice girder,

for example, to set different force absorption directions at different points on the component.

If lattice girder sections with stainless steel diagonals are provided in addition to the reinforcing steel lattice girders, it may be expedient to construct the lattice girder sections entirely from stainless steel in a welded construction.

Each lattice girder piece can have an approximately V-shaped stainless steel diagonal welded to each side.

Embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are explained with reference to the drawing. They show:

Fig. 1 shows a partial cross-section of a component,

Fig. 2 is a partial cross-section of another embodiment of a component,

Fig. 3-6 partial longitudinal sectional views of the embodiments of the components of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2,

Fig. 7 a partial cross-section of another component,

Fig. 8 is a partial longitudinal section of another embodiment of a component,

Fig. 9 is a partial longitudinal section of another embodiment of a component,

Fig. 10 is a partial cross-section of another embodiment of a component,

Fig. 11 + 12 partial longitudinal sectional views of further embodiments of components,

Fig. 13+14 partial longitudinal sectional views of another embodiment of a component, and

Fig. 15 is a partial cross-sectional view of the component of Fig. 13 or 14.

A structural element B in Fig. 1 consists of at least two concrete slabs P1 and P2 and an insulating layer D and/or an air gap L between them. The two concrete slabs P1, P2 are connected to one another via several lattice girders G, the upper and lower chords 1, 2 of which are embedded in the concrete slabs P1, P2. The chords 1, 2 and the diagonals 3 of the lattice girder G are made of reinforcing steel. According to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, individual bars 4 made of stainless steel are anchored to the lattice girder G as corrosion-resistant composite elements V, namely in weld points 5, 6 on the lower and upper chords 1, 2. The weld points 5, 6 are embedded in the concrete of the slabs P1, P2, so that the composite elements V in the space between the two concrete slabs P1, P2 can be statically considered as load-bearing, corrosion-resistant elements. In Fig. 3, each bar 4 is oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the lattice girder. According to Fig. 5, each bar can also be arranged in an inclined position, or each composite element can consist of a pair of bars 4 of two V-shaped bars, which may protrude over the upper and lower chords at 8. In Fig. 5, the bars of the pair of bars 4 are arranged so that they intersect the diagonals 3 of the lattice girder approximately in the middle. In Fig. 4 it is indicated that the composite element V made of stainless steel is bent in a single piece in a V shape and crosses the diagonals 3 of the lattice girder G approximately in their middle.

By welding each bar 4 to the straps, the necessary anchoring in the respective concrete slab P1, P2 is ensured. In Fig. 1, the respective composite element absorbs forces perpendicular to the concrete slabs P1, P2.

In the design in Fig. 5, the pair of bars 4 also absorbs forces in the longitudinal direction of the lattice girder or forces are transmitted by the pair of bars 4 in the longitudinal direction of the lattice girder. This also applies to the design in Fig. 4, in which the welding of the arch of the V-shaped composite element 4' to the one flange 2 provides additional anchoring in the concrete slab P1.

In the embodiment of the structural element B in Fig. 2, the bars 4 forming the composite elements V are inclined transversely to the lattice girder G. They can therefore also absorb forces in the transverse direction of the lattice girder. In Fig. 2, these can be straight bars 4, or pairs of bars arranged in a V-shape as in Fig. 5 or V-shaped bent bars 4' as in Fig. 4.

In the embodiment in Fig. 6, the stainless steel composite element is bent in a V-shape similar to that in Fig. 4, i.e. a bent rod 4', the legs of which are welded to the upper chord 2, while the bend of the V is welded to the lower chord 1 at the welding point 6. The composite element V in Fig. 6 can also absorb forces in the longitudinal direction of the lattice girder G and could, if necessary, also be inclined obliquely or transversely to the lattice girder G, as in Fig. 2, in order to be able to transmit transverse forces as well.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 7, the stainless steel composite element V is a V-shaped bent straight bar 4", which is welded to the underside of the upper chord 2 at welding point 6 and with its legs to the outer sides of the lower chords 1 at welding points 5. The composite element V lies transversely to the longitudinal direction of the lattice girder and absorbs loads transversely to the lattice girder.

In Fig. 8, additional anchoring points are created in the concrete slabs P1, P2 by the bend of the stainless steel composite element V, i.e. a V-shaped bent rod 4", projecting over the upper chord 2 and having two welding points 6 there. At the lower leg ends, which are also formed with projections 8, anchoring elements 19 bent in the longitudinal direction of the lattice girder are formed.

&igr; .-

In the embodiment of the structural element B in Fig. 9, the reinforcing steel lattice girder G is made from upper and lower chords 1, 2 and individual diagonals 3' by welding. Instead of at least one individual diagonal 3' made of reinforcing steel, a correspondingly shaped individual diagonal in the form of a V-shaped bent bar 4' is welded on as a stainless steel composite element V.

In the embodiment of Fig. 10, a straight rod 4 with bends 9 enclosing the upper and lower chords 1, 2 is formed in the structural element as a single stainless steel composite element V, which is anchored to the chords with the bends 9. The rod 4 can be arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the lattice girder (Fig. 11) or inclined at an angle (Fig. 11), which has the advantage that lattice girders G can be equipped with a certain rod length that have different distances between the upper and lower chords. With an inclined rod, forces can also be transmitted in the longitudinal direction in the structural element.

In the embodiment of Fig. 12, the stainless steel composite elements V in the form of straight bars, possibly with bends 9, are additionally welded to the diagonals 3, but mainly to secure the position and/or for additional anchoring. Basically, the composite elements are anchored to the lattice girder G by bending over the belts. The bends reinforce the anchoring effect in the concrete slabs P1, P2.

In the embodiment of Fig. 13 to 15, composite elements V are built into the structural element B as corrosion-resistant composite elements that can be used for load transfer, which are used in addition to concrete steel lattice girders (not shown in Fig. 13 to 15), each in the form of short lattice girder pieces C. At least the diagonals (here bent bars 4') are made of stainless steel and are welded to the upper and lower chords 1', 2 ¹ of the short lattice girder piece C. If necessary, the entire lattice girder piece C is made of stainless steel. The piece length is only approximately one diagonal field length. Such lattice girder pieces are integrated into the structural element in a number and distribution that is sufficient to meet the static requirements for corrosion-resistant load transfer in the structural element.

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In Fig. 13, each diagonal is formed from a section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the lattice girder and a section running at an angle to it, while in Fig. 14 a V-shaped diagonal made of a bent rod 4' forms the stainless steel composite element V and is welded to the bend of the V on the upper chord 2' at 6 and the leg ends are welded to the lower chord 1' at 5. It is practical (Fig. 15) for two such stainless steel composite elements to be welded to both sides of the lattice girder piece C in the short lattice girder piece C, either flush with the chords or with an overhang. The lattice girder pieces C can be formed by cutting a lattice girder manufactured in the usual length to length.

Claims (18)

1. Construction element (B), comprising at least two concrete slabs (P1, P2) separated by at least one insulating layer (D), which are connected to one another by lattice girders (G) embedded with at least their upper and lower chords ( 1 , 2 ), and stainless steel composite means provided for corrosion-resistant load transfer, characterized in that as composite means individual stainless steel composite elements (V) are anchored to the concrete steel lattice girders (G) at greater distances than the diagonals ( 3 ) of the lattice girders (G) consisting of reinforcing steel. 2. Construction element (B) comprising at least two concrete slabs (P1, P2) separated by at least one insulation layer (D), which are connected to one another by lattice girders (G) embedded with at least their upper and lower chords ( 1 , 2 ), and stainless steel composite means provided for corrosion-resistant load transfer, characterized in that in addition to the lattice girders (G) consisting of reinforcing steel, individual, short lattice girder pieces (C) with approximately one diagonal field length are anchored in the concrete slabs (P1, P2), and that at least the respective diagonals ( 4 ') of the lattice girder piece (C) is a stainless steel composite element (V). 3. Construction element according to claim 1, characterized in that the stainless steel composite element (V) is welded at least to the flanges ( 1 , 2 ) of the concrete steel lattice girder (G). 4. Construction element according to claim 1, characterized in that the stainless steel composite element (V) is anchored to the belts ( 1 , 2 ) of the reinforcing steel lattice girder (G) by bending it at the end over the belts ( 1 , 2 ). 5. Construction element according to claim 1, characterized in that in the reinforcing steel lattice girder (G) with reinforcing steel individual diagonals ( 3 '), a stainless steel individual diagonal ( 4 ') is welded as a composite element (V) instead of at least one reinforcing steel individual diagonal ( 3 '). 6. Construction element according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the anchoring or welding points ( 5 , 6 ) of the stainless steel composite elements (V) are embedded in the concrete slabs (P1, P2). 7. Construction element according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the stainless steel composite elements (V) are welded to the upper and/or lower chords ( 1 , 2 ) with an anchoring projection ( 8 ). 8. Construction element according to claim 1, characterized in that the stainless steel composite element (V) is at least one straight rod ( 4 ) which is oriented perpendicularly or obliquely to the belts ( 1 , 2 ). 9. Construction element according to claims 1 and 8, characterized in that the stainless steel composite element (V) is a pair of rods ( 4 ) arranged in an approximately V-shape. 10. Construction element according to claims 8 and 9, characterized in that an anchoring element ( 19 ) bent approximately in the longitudinal direction of the lattice girder is formed on the free leg or bar ends of the V. 11. Component according to claim 1, characterized in that the stainless steel composite element (V) is in one piece and is bent in an approximately V-shape. 12. Construction element according to at least one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the V of the stainless steel composite element (V) or rod pair ( 4 ) is oriented parallel or transversely to the lattice girder longitudinal direction. 13. Construction element according to at least one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the thickness of the stainless steel composite element (V) is greater than the thickness of the diagonals ( 3 ) and/or the belts ( 1 , 2 ) of the concrete steel lattice girder (G). 14. Construction element according to claim 1, characterized in that transversely and longitudinally parallel oriented and/or V-shaped stainless steel composite elements (V) or stainless steel individual rods ( 4 ) or stainless steel rod pairs are provided along one and the same concrete steel lattice girder (G). 15. Construction element according to claim 2, characterized in that the lattice girder piece (C) is a section of a lattice girder completely welded from stainless steel. 16. Construction element according to claim 2, characterized in that an approximately V-shaped stainless steel diagonal ( 4 ') is welded to each side of the lattice girder piece (C). 17. Lattice girder (G) for a structural element (B) comprising at least two concrete slabs (P1, P2) separated by at least one insulating layer (D), which are connected to one another by a plurality of lattice girders (G) embedded with at least their upper and lower chords ( 1 , 2 ), stainless steel composite means being provided for corrosion-resistant load transfer, characterized in that as composite means for corrosion-resistant load transfer, individual stainless steel composite elements (V) are anchored to each concrete steel lattice girder (G) at greater distances than the diagonals ( 3 ) of the concrete steel lattice girder (G). 18. Lattice girder (G) for a building element (B) which comprises at least two concrete slabs (P1, P2) separated by at least one insulating layer (D) and which are connected to one another by a plurality of lattice girders (G) embedded with at least their upper and lower chords ( 1 , 2 ), stainless steel composite means being provided for corrosion-resistant load transfer, characterized in that short lattice girder pieces (C) with approximately one diagonal field length are provided as composite means for corrosion-resistant load transfer, in which the respective diagonal ( 4 ) forms a stainless steel composite element (V).