RU2519314C1 - Leave-in-place form - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: leave-in-place form comprises two oppositely arranged slabs, an external one from heat insulation material and an internal one from concrete, attached to each other and forming a space between each other for filling with a fluid material, capable of hardening. The internal slab of concrete is made as reinforced and comprises reinforcing elements of two types, at the same time reinforcing elements of the first type are made as V-shaped in the cross section from bent mesh and are installed in parallel and at the identical distance from each other and provide for placement of reinforcing elements of the second type at the identical distance from each other and fixation parallel to them, and the reinforcing elements of the second type represent spatial reinforcing elements made of three longitudinal rods and two rods bent with a V-shaped zigzag. Bent rods are simultaneously connected by tops to one longitudinal rod, and by other tops - to two other rods with formation of reinforced frames of prismatic shape. Reinforcing elements of the first type are made as protruding from the concrete slab and providing for connection and fixation of the external slab to it, being made of heat insulation material and pierced by glass plastic rods with fixators providing for connection and fixation of a mesh to the rear surface of the slab from heat insulation material, and the mesh is made as capable of connection of reinforcing elements of the first type to it.

EFFECT: simplified usage of this device in performance of construction works, provided by absence of complicated operations in performance of assembly or facing works, no transfer of temperature effects inside a concrete structure, exclusion of local freezing and formation of dew point on steel reinforcement inside concrete.

3 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction and can be used as fixed formwork for the construction of external and internal monolithic heat-insulating walls of buildings and structures for various purposes.

From the "prior art" known insulating building envelope frame building, containing external and internal formwork left connecting their anchor ties and frame-forming elements. In this case, the external and internal formwork left are mounted on both sides of the carcass-forming element by means of clamps at a predetermined distance, and the space between the formwork and between the formwork and carcass-forming elements is filled with polystyrene-cement or polystyrene-gypsum or foam-gypsum heat-insulating composition (see RF patent No. 10151. 2000).

The disadvantages of the known device is the complex design, due to the need for labor-intensive operations during installation work and facing work after the construction of the walls.

Also known from the prior art is a block of fixed formwork, consisting of internal and external concrete slabs and connecting elements. The plates are connected using plastic screeds equipped with eyes for attaching them to the plates, between themselves and with screeds of adjacent blocks. The plates contain embedded nuts, which are installed in their manufacture in an amount depending on the number of couplers used in one block, into which mounting hooks are screwed, coupled to one of the screed eyes and allowing for smooth adjustment of the vertical installation of the plates by changing the depth of screwing the hooks into the embedded nuts with the possibility of obtaining different wall thicknesses using mounting hooks of different sizes, as well as by sequentially joining several plastic ties with bolted joints s (see. №2342502 RF patent publ. 27.12.2008).

The disadvantages of the known device is its complex design, which involves laborious operations for laying the insulation during installation work.

In addition, from the "prior art" known device described in German patent document No. 20007312 U1, publ. 08/31/2000 and including two reinforced concrete slabs, between which there is a layer of insulation. In this case, two concrete slabs are fastened with reinforcing bonds in the form of spatial reinforcement.

The disadvantages of the known device is its complex design.

The objective of the present invention is to remedy the above disadvantages.

The technical result consists in the simplicity of using this device in the implementation of construction work, due to the absence of complex operations during installation or facing, as well as the lack of transfer of temperature effects inside the concrete structure, the exclusion of local freezing and the formation of a dew point on steel reinforcement inside concrete.

The technical result is ensured by the fact that the fixed formwork contains two opposed slabs, the outer of the insulation and the inner of concrete, bonded to each other and forming a space for filling with a fluid material capable of hardening. The inner concrete slab is reinforced and contains two types of reinforcing elements. The reinforcing elements of the first type are V-shaped in cross section from a bent mesh, are installed parallel and at the same distance from each other and provide placement at the same distance from each other and fixing in parallel with them reinforcing elements of the second type, which are spatial reinforcing elements consisting of three longitudinal rods and two rods, curved with a V-shaped zigzag. In this case, curved rods are simultaneously connected by vertices to one longitudinal rod, and by other vertices to two other rods with the formation of prismatic armoframes. In addition, the reinforcing elements of the first type are made protruding from the concrete slab and providing the possibility of attaching and fixing to it an outer slab made of insulation and punctured with fiberglass rods with clamps, providing attachment and fastening to the back surface of the slab from the insulation net made with the possibility of attaching to her reinforcing elements of the first type.

In accordance with particular cases, the device may have the following features.

The insulation is tough.

The insulation is made of expanded polystyrene.

The essence of the present invention is illustrated by the following illustrations:

figure 1 shows the present device in longitudinal section;

figure 2 is a side view of a concrete slab;

figure 3 is a top view of a plate of insulation;

4 is an isometric image of a reinforcing element of the first type;

5 is an image of a reinforcing element of the second type.

The illustrations show the following features:

1 - concrete slab;

2 - a plate from a heater;

3 - reinforcing elements of the first type;

4 - reinforcing elements of the second type;

5 - mesh;

6 - rods with clamps;

7 - metal bar.

Fixed formwork contains two opposed slabs, one of which is made of concrete 1, and the second slab 2 is made of hard insulation (expanded polystyrene). Concrete slab 1 is made with built-in reinforcing elements 3 and 4 and has a thickness of 55-70 mm. The reinforcing elements of the first type 3 are installed with equal pitch, they are V-shaped in cross section. They are made by bending from a road mesh 3 × 50 × 50, or from a road mesh of a different assortment. The reinforcing elements of the first type 3 ensure that the reinforcing elements of the second type 4 are placed at the same distance from each other and are fixed in parallel with them. In addition, the reinforcing elements of the first type 3 are made protruding from the concrete slab 1 and provide the possibility of attaching and fixing the outer plate to it from a heater 2.

The reinforcing elements of the second type 4 are spatial reinforcing elements - prismatic armoframes, which consist of three longitudinal rods and two rods curved with a V-shaped zigzag. In this case, curved rods are simultaneously connected by vertices to one longitudinal rod, and by other vertices to two other rods.

This type of reinforcement provides the concrete slab 1 stability during transportation, movement by crane, as well as during concreting of the core.

A plate of insulation 2 with an equal pitch is pierced by fiberglass rods 6, equipped with a spacer element at one end and an anchor element for fixing at the other end. Fiberglass rods 6 are crowned with brackets in the form of spacer washers, which provide attachment and fastening to the back surface of the plate from insulation 2 of mesh 5. The implementation of rods 6 of fiberglass prevents the transmission of temperature effects inside the concrete structure, eliminates local freezing and the formation of dew points on steel reinforcement 3.4 inside concrete. With this design, the reinforcement retains its load-bearing properties and corrodes more slowly.

The grid 5 provides the connection of the slab from insulation 2 to the slab of concrete 1 and their mutual fixation. This is achieved by locking the triangular vertices (the peaks protrude from the concrete slab) of the reinforcing elements of the first type 3, which are passed through the cells of the grid 5 from the side of the grid 5 facing the concrete slab 1, while on the other side of the grid 5, metal rods are passed through the triangular vertices 7. The mesh 5 is a welded mesh formed of wires located in two mutually perpendicular directions and welded at the intersection (square shape of the cells).

The present device is used as follows.

Before concreting at the construction site, a slab of insulation 2 is attached to the concrete slab 1, containing a road mesh 5 mounted on its rear hinged side, fixed to the slab 2 using rods with clamps 6. Mutual fixing of slabs 1, 2 is ensured by locking the triangular vertices of the reinforcing elements the first type 3, the peaks of which protrude from the concrete slab 1. The protruding peaks of the reinforcing elements of the first type 3 are passed through the mesh cells 5 from the side of the mesh 5 facing the concrete slab 1. Moreover, with goy side of the grid 5 through the triangular vertices of the reinforcing elements 3 are passed metal bars 7. With this arrangement, the reinforcing elements performing the first type 3 hold plate 1, 2 to each other, opposing bursting effects during concrete casting concrete core.

Before concreting, in the concrete slab 1, openings are made, in the perimeter of which an additional pro-forming formwork is installed (for example: a wooden board).

The implementation of plates 1 and 2 snap-on allows you to install corrugated channels for power grids at the construction site before concreting the core into the opening intended for concreting, formed by two plates 1 and 2. A formwork containing a plate of insulation 2 reduces the time of construction work, since additional installation of insulation on an external wall is not required. In addition, the presence of insulation protects the structure from low-temperature influences - in the case of concrete heating during winter work.

Next, concreting of the core is carried out, including layering and vibrating the concrete.

When erecting a building, a flat concrete slab 1 faces the inside of the room; such a wall requires minimal decoration. The insulation plate 2 is facing outward, which, in contrast to known technologies, reduces the time it takes to work and labor when installing the insulation on an external wall.

Claims (3)

1. Permanent formwork containing two opposed slabs, the outer of the insulation and the inner of concrete, bonded to each other and forming a space for filling with a flowable material, capable of hardening, characterized in that the inner concrete slab is reinforced and contains reinforcing elements of two types, while the reinforcing elements of the first type are V-shaped in cross section from a bent mesh, are installed in parallel and at the same distance from each other and provide they are placed at the same distance from each other and fixed in parallel with them reinforcing elements of the second type, which are spatial reinforcing elements consisting of three longitudinal rods and two rods, curved with a V-shaped zigzag, while the curved rods are simultaneously connected by vertices to one longitudinal rod, and other vertices to two other rods with the formation of prismatic armoframes, in addition, the reinforcing elements of the first type are made protruding and concrete slab and providing the possibility of attaching and fixing it to the outer plate, made of fiberglass insulation and punctured rods with clamps providing interconnection and attachment to the rear surface of the plate heater grid adapted to accede to the reinforcing elements of the first type. 2. Fixed formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulation is rigid. 3. Fixed formwork according to claim 2, characterized in that the insulation is made of expanded polystyrene.

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