RU2525459C2 - Block of leave-in-place form - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of construction, namely, to design of a leave-in-place form, used to erect external and internal monolithic, frame-fill and heat insulated walls of buildings and structures of different purpose without subsequent lining. The block of the leave-in-place form comprises an inner and an outer boards and connection elements in the form of a plastic tie. The tie is made in the form of at least one grid of rectangular shape, fixed by its appropriate sections of side faces on appropriate sections of inner surfaces of the boards, and at least one fixator of rectangular shape fixed by appropriate sections of side faces on the appropriate sections of surfaces of at least one grid of rectangular shape and on appropriate sections of inner surfaces of the boards.

EFFECT: provided ease of assembly, increased strength of fixation of ties.

6 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The technical solution relates to the field of construction, namely, to the design of fixed formwork used for the construction of external and internal monolithic, frame-backfill and heat-insulating walls of buildings and structures for various purposes without subsequent facing.

NON-SUSTAINABLE FORMWORK OF MESH PROFILES is known, including parallel-mounted mesh panels, vertical posts and fasteners, the vertical posts being made of mesh guide profiles with a height equal to the height of the formwork block and a width corresponding to the thickness of the wall or foundation, and installed at a predetermined pitch between the shelves horizontally arranged mesh guide profiles, the length of which corresponds to the length of the block, and the fastening of the vertical posts and mesh panels is made using self-tapping screws (patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2375527, publication 2009).

The disadvantages of the technical solution according to patent No. 2375527 are the complexity of the assembly of fixed formwork directly at the construction site and material consumption.

The closest technical solution is the BLOCK FORMWORK FORMING according to the patent for invention No. 2342502, publication 2008, which contains the following set of features:

- indoor and outdoor concrete slabs,

- plastic screeds equipped with eyes for fastening them to the plates between themselves and with screeds of adjacent blocks,

- embedded nuts installed in the plates during their manufacture in an amount depending on the number of couplers used in one block,

- mounting hooks that are screwed into the nuts, coupled to one of the screed eyes.

Common features of the proposed technical solution and the previously characterized technical solution for the patent No. 2342552 are:

- inner and outer plates,

- plastic ties.

The technical solution according to patent No. 2342552 does not provide the necessary rigidity of fixed formwork in all directions.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to expand the arsenal of tools used for the construction of external and internal monolithic walls of buildings and structures for various purposes using the technology of monolithic pouring of any kind of heavy and light concrete, in particular the construction of walls by the modular principle using a prefabricated block of fixed formwork, assembled on site construction, by creating a block of fixed formwork, providing ease of installation due to the convenient and simple fixation of plastic ties in board slots; increasing the strength and reliability of the formwork by reinforcing the plates with a plastic frame and fixing the plastic ties at an angle to the plate, rigidly connecting the plates of one formwork block and the plates of adjacent formwork blocks, reducing the cost of storage and transportation costs due to the compactness of the fixed formwork block; reduction in the cost of installation due to the simplicity of the design of the block of fixed formwork; the possibility of pre-installation of insulating layers; the possibility of using formwork slabs as a ready-to-use wall cladding; the manufacture of foundations and walls of various thicknesses through the use of screeds of various sizes, the accuracy of the geometry of walls and corners of the structure due to the construction of a plastic reinforcing frame made in the form of a rectangular frame located outside the perimeter of the plate.

The task is achieved due to the fact that in the block of fixed formwork, consisting of internal and external plates and connecting elements in the form of a plastic screed, according to the technical solution, the screed is made in the form of at least one rectangular lattice, fixed with its corresponding sections of the side faces in the corresponding sections the inner surfaces of the plates, and at least one retainer of rectangular shape, fixed by the corresponding sections of the side faces on the corresponding sections on top at least one rectangular lattice and on the corresponding sections of the internal surfaces of the plates.

The plates can be reinforced with a plastic frame made in the form of a rectangular frame located outside the perimeter of the plate, and forming protruding guide grooves on the inner sides of the plates to fix the plastic screed.

Rectangular gratings can be located at an angle to the plate and to each other.

Each rectangular lattice can be located in such a way that provides the ability to fix the plates of one block of fixed formwork between themselves and the plates of adjacent blocks of fixed formwork.

Plates can be made with the shape of the front surfaces, operational properties and colors, which do not require further application of decorative and protective coatings.

A heat insulating plate may be installed on the inner side of the outer plate of the block.

The technical solution is illustrated by the following drawings, where figure 1 shows the formwork with its fixed block.

Block 1 fixed formwork contains:

- inner plate 2;

- outer plate 3;

- "N" lattices 4 of a rectangular formulaic form, fixed with their respective side faces on the corresponding sections of the inner surfaces of the inner and outer plates 2 and 3;

- "M" latches 5 of a rectangular shape, fixed by one of their lateral faces on the corresponding sections of the surface of the lattice 4 of a rectangular shape and by their other side faces on the corresponding sections of the inner surface of the inner and outer plates 2 and 3;

and also Fig. 1, which shows the block 1 of fixed formwork, which shows: the inner and outer plates 2 and 3, the lattice 4 of a rectangular shape, fixed with their respective side faces on the corresponding sections of the inner and outer plates 2 and 3, and the latches 5 of a rectangular forms fixed by one of their lateral faces on the corresponding sections of the surface of the rectangular lattice 4 and by their other side faces on the corresponding sections of the inner surfaces of the inner and outer plates 2 and 3, as well as plastic stems frames 6, which are reinforced with plates 2 and 3 forming the protruding guide grooves on the inner surfaces of plates 2 and 3 for fixing the respective portions on the side faces 4 rectangular lattices and fixing the respective portions on the side faces of clamps 5 rectangular shape. The latches 5 of a rectangular shape, made, for example, of plastic, fit tightly with their respective sections on the side faces into the protruding guide grooves of the frame 6 on the inner surfaces of the plates 2 and 3, thereby rigidly fixing the position of the plates 2 and 3 relative to each other, and are rigidly engaged other corresponding sections on the side faces with a rectangular lattice 4, for example, by means of a hole / gear pin connection. Slabs 2 and 3 are interconnected by one or more rectangular lattices 4, for example, two rectangular lattices 4, located at an angle to concrete slabs 2 and 3 and at an angle to each other, this ensures rigid fixation of the formwork panels 2 and 3, blocks 1 and rows of formwork in all directions. If necessary, for example, reinforcing the structure or subsequent cutting of the plates, additional lattice 4 of rectangular shape with additional latches 5 of rectangular shape are installed in each block 1 of fixed formwork. If necessary, lined walls of the outer plate 3 is made with a given shape and color of the front surface, or on the front surface of the outer plate 3 by known methods fasten the facing plate or apply a decorative coating (not shown in the drawings). If necessary, the manufacture of insulated walls on the inner surface of the outer plate 2 lay a plate of insulation (not shown in the drawings) made of polystyrene foam or other known similar material. For the manufacture of walls of different thicknesses, lattices 4 of a rectangular shape in different sizes are used.

The technical solution is implemented as follows. When constructing the formwork, each block 1 is assembled directly at the installation site. Plates 2 and 3 are installed parallel to each other at a given distance equal to the width of the rectangular lattice 4. Then they take a rectangular lattice 4 and insert the corresponding sections on the side faces into the protruding guide grooves on the inner sides of the plates 2 and 3 formed in the manufacture of the frames 6. Then, take a retainer 5 of a rectangular shape and insert the corresponding sections on the side faces into the guide grooves of the frame 6 on the inner surfaces of the plates 2 and 3, as well as the corresponding sections on the other side face, are latched in the form of latches 5 of a rectangular shape with lattices 4 of a rectangular shape. Thus, by means of rectangular lattices 4, located at an angle to the plates, they are fixed with their respective respective sections in the guide grooves of the frames 6 of the plates 2 and 3, and other corresponding sections are mounted in the guide grooves 2 of the frames 1 of the plates of the adjacent formwork block. Thus, there is a rigid fixation of the plates 2 and 3 relative to each other, as well as the tight connection of the plates 2 and 3 of one block 1 with the plates of the neighboring block. That is, all the blocks (both in the same row and in the adjacent rows) are connected to each other by rectangular lattices 4 and fixed by rectangular latches 5. The construction of the formwork is reduced to its sequential build-up, starting from the bottom row to the next. The next row is set to the next until the desired height is reached. As a result, we get a reliable wall construction, ready to fill the space between the outer and inner slabs with any kind of heavy or light concrete or other known materials with the necessary properties. In the resulting space between the walls of the formwork, metal fittings, embedded elements can be installed in order to subsequently avoid gating for laying communications and punching holes and openings over the entire thickness of the wall. Obtaining different wall thicknesses is achieved by using rectangular lattices 4 of different sizes, namely of different widths.

The developed technical solution was tested during the construction of the external and internal monolithic walls of the building using the technology of monolithic pouring of heavy and light concrete into the formed space of fixed formwork made from the developed block of fixed formwork. Due to the use of the developed fixed formwork block, funds were saved for storage and transportation of components for assembling the formwork block, the fixed formwork was installed with minimal time and labor of workers, and the strength, reliability and rigidity of the design of the fixed formwork block were increased.

Thus, the implementation of a block of fixed formwork with a combination of all the technical features achieves convenience, efficiency and economy in the assembly, as well as increasing the strength, reliability and rigidity of the formwork design.

Claims (6)

1. The block of fixed formwork, consisting of internal and external plates and connecting elements in the form of a plastic screed, characterized in that the screed is made in the form of at least one rectangular lattice, fixed with its corresponding sections of the side faces on the corresponding sections of the inner surfaces of the plates, and how at least one rectangular-shaped retainer secured by the corresponding sections of the side faces on the corresponding surface sections of at least one rectangular-shaped grating and on relevant areas of the inner surfaces of the plates. 2. The fixed formwork unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the plates are reinforced with a plastic frame made in the form of a rectangular frame located outside the perimeter of the plate and forming protruding guide grooves on the inner sides of the plates to fix the plastic screed. 3. The fixed formwork unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the rectangular gratings are located at an angle to the plates and to each other. 4. The fixed formwork block according to claim 1, characterized in that each rectangular lattice is positioned in such a way that it makes it possible to fix the plates of one fixed formwork block between themselves and the plates of adjacent blocks of fixed formwork. 5. The fixed formwork block according to claim 1, characterized in that the plates are made with the shape of the front surfaces, operational properties and colors, which do not require further application of decorative and protective coatings. 6. The fixed formwork block according to claim 1, characterized in that a heat insulating plate is installed on the inner side of the outer plate of the block.

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