EP1714025B1 - Injecteur de carburant avec obturateur d'injection a commande directe - Google Patents

Injecteur de carburant avec obturateur d'injection a commande directe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1714025B1
EP1714025B1 EP04804653A EP04804653A EP1714025B1 EP 1714025 B1 EP1714025 B1 EP 1714025B1 EP 04804653 A EP04804653 A EP 04804653A EP 04804653 A EP04804653 A EP 04804653A EP 1714025 B1 EP1714025 B1 EP 1714025B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
space
pressure
valve member
injection valve
fuel injector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP04804653A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1714025A1 (fr
Inventor
Friedrich Boecking
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1714025A1 publication Critical patent/EP1714025A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1714025B1 publication Critical patent/EP1714025B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
    • F02M2200/703—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
    • F02M2200/703—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic
    • F02M2200/704—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic with actuator and actuated element moving in different directions, e.g. in opposite directions

Definitions

  • Fuel injectors for storage injection systems are usually controlled by solenoid valves or piezo actuators.
  • solenoid valves or piezo actuators By means of the solenoid valves or the piezo actuators, a pressure relief of a control chamber.
  • the control room has a discharge channel in which an outflow throttle is usually arranged.
  • the filling of the control chamber for actuating an injection valve member is generally carried out via an inlet from the high pressure side, in which an inlet throttle element is inserted.
  • a valve closing member is actuated, which closes the flow channel.
  • the valve closure member Upon actuation of the solenoid valve or the piezoelectric actuator, the valve closure member, which may be, for example, a spherical body or a cone, the flow channel is free, so that a control volume is able to flow out of the control chamber.
  • the pressure in the control chamber and an injection valve member which is acted upon by the control chamber and is generally of a needle-shaped design, travel in the vertical direction.
  • the injection valve member are at the combustion chamber end of the fuel injector Injection openings released so that fuel can be injected into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
  • the known from the prior art fuel injectors which can be actuated by solenoid valves or piezoelectric actuators, usually comprise an injector, which is constructed pressure-resistant and pressure-tight. Outside this injector body, the solenoid valve or the piezoelectric actuator are recorded. Through this, the pressure level in the control room is lowered via the release of the flow channel. According to this principle, an actuation of the needle-shaped injection valve member takes place in an indirect way.
  • the piezoelectric actuator which is arranged outside of the valve body, is usually associated with a hydraulic transmission device, so that its stroke can be extended because the stacked piezoelectric crystals have only a small change in length when energized. If the fuel injector, however, actuated by a solenoid valve, the exact adjustment of the residual air gap and the Ankerhubweg is required to control the flow channel of the control chamber closing valve closure member accordingly precisely, especially in the high speed range of an internal combustion engine.
  • a fuel injector with a pushing piezoelectric actuator for opening an inwardly opening nozzle needle is off DE 19519 191 A1 known.
  • a piston-in-piston system is provided, wherein the piezoelectric actuator is drive-coupled with a first booster piston and in the first booster piston, a second booster piston is guided, which in turn is drive-coupled with the nozzle needle.
  • a control chamber is limited, wherein the pressure in the control chamber increases when the first booster piston acts on the control chamber and an annular surface of the second booster piston exposed to the control chamber is moved counter to the stroke of the piezoactuator.
  • Another fuel injector with a piezoelectric actuator but with an outwardly opening nozzle needle is off DE 101 45 620 A1 known.
  • the stroke of a first booster piston is translated via a control chamber to a drive-coupled to the nozzle needle second booster piston without Hubumledge.
  • a particularly compact fuel injector is provided with which a direct actuation of a needle-shaped injection valve member is achieved.
  • a piezo-crystal stack-containing actuator is accommodated in a pressure chamber filled with system pressure.
  • An end face is connected to a first booster piston, which encloses a second booster piston.
  • the second booster piston is formed on the injection valve member.
  • the first booster piston and the second booster piston are guided into each other, allowing further guidance of the injection valve member adjacent a guide portion thereof within the nozzle holder. So can be dispensed with further guide portion of the injection valve member.
  • the first booster piston is enclosed by a control chamber sleeve, the pressure spring loaded on a plane surface of the nozzle holder is employed.
  • the biting edge of the control chamber sleeve is held by the compression spring permanently in contact with the flat surface of the nozzle holder combination, whereby the sealing of the control chamber is ensured.
  • the fuel flows via a nozzle chamber inlet to the nozzle space surrounding the injection valve member and from there via an annular gap to the seat of the injection valve member.
  • the Bestromungszeit of the piezoelectric actuator can be reduced, since it does not hold the injection valve member in the energized, but in the non-energized state in its closed position. If the actuator is energized, there is an increase in pressure in the control chamber whereby the second booster piston connected to the injection valve member opens. The injection valve member then releases the combustion chamber side injection openings. If the actuator, however, is not energized, the injection valve member is pressed by a arranged in a hydraulic space between the first booster piston and the second booster piston compression spring in its closed position. Therefore, the proposed pressure booster for a fuel injector acts as a pressure booster with direction reversal, which causes opening of the injection valve member with energized actuator and closes the injection valve member in the non-energized state.
  • the single figure is a section through the inventively proposed fuel injector with direct control of the injection valve member refer.
  • the drawing shows a fuel injector 1, which comprises an injector body 2.
  • the injector body 2 is connected to a nozzle holder 3 via a nozzle lock nut 4.
  • This arrangement is also referred to as a nozzle holder combination.
  • an external thread section 34 is provided on the injector body, onto which the nozzle retaining nut 4 provided with an internal thread 35 is mounted with a predetermined torque.
  • the nozzle lock nut 4 encloses the nozzle holder 3 with an annular contact surface.
  • a high-pressure inlet 6 is provided, which is connected to a high-pressure accumulator volume (common rail), not shown in the drawing.
  • the high-pressure accumulator volume (common rail) is acted upon by a high pressure pump, not shown in the drawing.
  • the pressure level (system pressure), which prevails in the high-pressure storage volume, is in the range between 1400 bar and 1600 bar.
  • a nozzle chamber inlet 24 branches off, via which a nozzle chamber 25 in the nozzle holder 3, the fuel under system pressure is supplied.
  • an actuator 9 is accommodated, which is preferably designed as a piezoelectric actuator and has a piezocrystal stack 10.
  • the piezocrystal stack 10 is energized via contacts which are not shown in the drawing, the piezocrystals arranged in stack form undergo a change in length which can be used to actuate the injection valve member.
  • the piezoelectric actuator 9 is located on an end face 12 of a first booster piston 11.
  • the wall of the first booster piston 11 is provided with a compensation bore 13, via which the pressure chamber 7 communicates with a hydraulic chamber 41.
  • the first booster piston 11 encloses a second booster piston 19 accommodated on the injection valve member 5.
  • the second booster piston 19 furthermore has a recess 32 in which a spring element 17 is inserted, which is supported on a contact surface 37 in the inside of the first booster piston 11.
  • the second booster piston 19 and the injection valve member 5 are firmly connected.
  • a first annular surface 38 of the second booster piston 19 delimits the hydraulic space 41, while a second annular surface 39 delimits a control chamber 18 on the underside of the second booster piston 19. This is also by an annular surface 20 at the bottom of the first Translator piston 11 limited, further bounded by the inside 40 of a control chamber sleeve 21 and an annular planar surface portion 23 of the nozzle body 23 adjacent to the injector body 2.
  • a support ring 14 On the lateral surface of the first booster piston 11, a support ring 14 is received, on which an abutment ring 15 is supported.
  • the contact ring 15 forms a contact surface for a compression spring 16, which adjusts the control chamber sleeve 21 to the flat surface 33 of the nozzle holder 3.
  • the control sleeve 21 enclosing the first booster piston 11 has a biting edge 22.
  • the injection valve member 5 is received in the nozzle holder 3 within a guide portion 31.
  • the nozzle chamber 25 which is acted upon by the already mentioned nozzle chamber inlet 24 from the pressure chamber 7 from under system pressure fuel 8.
  • the annular gap 27 extends to the seat 28 of the injection valve member 5 at the combustion chamber end of the nozzle holder 3. If the injection valve member 5 is placed in the seat 28, the injection openings 29 are closed in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine; if the seat 28 is open, however, fuel can be injected into the combustion chamber 30 of the internal combustion engine via the nozzle chamber inlet 24, the nozzle chamber 25, the annular gap 27 and the then opened injection openings 29.
  • this has on its the compression spring 16 side facing a contact surface for the compression spring 16.
  • the front side of the injector 2 and the end face 23 of the nozzle holder 3 form a butt joint 36, which, enclosed by the nozzle retaining nut 4 when screwing injector body 2 and nozzle holder 3 is a pressure-tight seal of the control chamber 18.
  • the piezocrystal stack 10 of the actuator 9 If, on the other hand, the piezocrystal stack 10 of the actuator 9 is energized, the individual piezocrystals of the piezocrystal stack 10 take on an elongation so that a force is generated on the end face 12 of the first booster piston 11, which sets it down in the vertical direction. The thereby entering into the control chamber 18 annular surface 20 of the first booster piston 11 causes in this a pressure increase. This pressure increase is transmitted to the second annular surface 39 on the underside of the second booster piston 19.
  • the opening injection valve member 5 extends from its formed on the combustion chamber end of the nozzle holder 3 seat 28, so that the injection openings 29 are released and the standing under system pressure fuel from the nozzle chamber 25, which flows through the annular gap 27 which the injection ports 29, into the combustion chamber 30 can be injected.
  • the first booster piston 11 moves to its rest position, as a result of which the pressure prevailing in the control chamber 18 decreases. Due to the pressure decrease in the control chamber 18 decreases acting on the second annular surface 39 on the underside of the second booster piston 19 acting in the opening direction hydraulic force, so that the closing movement takes place by the recorded in the hydraulic chamber 41 spring member 17, while acting in the closing direction of the force the pressure stage 26 exceeds attacking hydraulic force. As a result, the injection valve member 5 firmly connected to the second booster piston 19 is placed in its combustion chamber-side seat 28. The injection openings 29 are accordingly closed and no fuel can be injected into the combustion chamber 30 of the internal combustion engine.
  • the first booster piston 11 and the second booster piston 19 represent a pressure booster with direction reversal.
  • the injection valve member is opened when energized actuator, while the injector member is moved to its closed position with non-energized actuator.
  • the intermeshed booster piston 11 and 19 form a further guide of the injection valve member, which does not have to be formed in a housing.
  • the injection valve member 5 can be guided in an advantageous manner only within a guide portion 31 in the nozzle holder 3 movable.
  • the proposed fuel injector is very compact.
  • the arrangement of the booster piston 11 and 19 and the recorded on the lateral surface of the first booster piston 11 control chamber sleeve 21 advantageously allows easy compensation of bearing tolerances of the injector body 2, and the control chamber sleeve 21 relative to the planar surface 23 of the nozzle holder 3.
  • Another advantage of the invention proposed Embodiment of the fuel injector 1 is to be seen in that the Bestromungszeit of the actuator 9 can be shortened, which favorably influenced its life.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Injecteur de carburant pour injecter le carburant dans la chambre de combustion (30) d'un moteur à combustion interne comportant un corps d'injecteur (2) et un porte-injecteur (3) recevant de manière mobile une aiguille d'injecteur (5), ayant un siège (28) libérant ou fermant des orifices d'injection (28) et l'aiguille d'injecteur (5) est commandée par un actionneur piézo-électrique (9),
    l'actionneur piézo-électrique (9) actionnant directement un premier piston de démultiplication (11) dans lequel est guidé un second piston démultiplicateur (19) relié à l'aiguille d'injecteur (5) pour modifier la pression dans une chambre de commande (18),
    caractérisé en ce que
    la chambre de commande (18) est formée par un manchon de volume de commande (21), une surface annulaire (20) du premier piston démultiplicateur (11), une surface annulaire (39) du second piston démultiplicateur (19) ainsi qu'une surface plane (23) du porte-injecteur (3) et
    le manchon de chambre de commande (21) est guidé par le premier piston démultiplicateur (11) en étant sollicité par un ressort de compression (16).
  2. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'actionneur piézo-électrique (9) est logé dans une chambre de pression (7) réalisée dans le corps d'injecteur (2), cette chambre étant sollicitée par du carburant (8) soumis à la pression du système par l'intermédiaire d'une arrivée de haute pression (6).
  3. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la chambre de commande (18) est rendue étanche vis-à-vis de la chambre de pression (7) par une arête vive (22) coopérant avec la surface plane (23) du porte-injecteur (3).
  4. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    une chambre hydraulique (41) est formée entre le premier piston démultiplicateur (11) et le second piston démultiplicateur (19), cette chambre étant reliée hydrauliquement par un perçage de compensation (13) à la chambre de pression (7) du corps d'injecteur (2).
  5. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 4,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la chambre hydraulique (41) loge un élément de ressort (17) appliqué contre une surface d'appui (37) et sollicitant l'aiguille d'injecteur (5) dans le sens de la fermeture.
  6. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    une entrée de chambre de buse (24) dérive de la chambre de pression (7) reliant la chambre de pression (7) à la chambre de buse (25).
  7. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le guidage de l'aiguille d'injecteur (5) dans le porte-injecteur (3) se fait dans un segment de guidage (31) et à l'intérieur du corps d'injecteur (2), par les pistons démultiplicateurs (11, 19).
  8. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la chambre hydraulique (41) reliée à la chambre de pression (7) par un perçage d'équilibrage (13) comporte une surface d'appui (37) pour l'élément de ressort (17), cette surface d'appuyant dans une cavité (32) du second piston démultiplicateur (19) ayant une première surface annulaire (38) délimitant la chambre hydraulique (41).
EP04804653A 2004-02-04 2004-12-02 Injecteur de carburant avec obturateur d'injection a commande directe Not-in-force EP1714025B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004005456A DE102004005456A1 (de) 2004-02-04 2004-02-04 Kraftstoffinjektor mit direktgesteuertem Einspritzventilglied
PCT/EP2004/053230 WO2005075811A1 (fr) 2004-02-04 2004-12-02 Injecteur de carburant avec obturateur d'injection a commande directe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1714025A1 EP1714025A1 (fr) 2006-10-25
EP1714025B1 true EP1714025B1 (fr) 2008-03-26

Family

ID=34801555

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04804653A Not-in-force EP1714025B1 (fr) 2004-02-04 2004-12-02 Injecteur de carburant avec obturateur d'injection a commande directe

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US7455244B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1714025B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4327850B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN100458136C (fr)
AT (1) ATE390552T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE102004005456A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005075811A1 (fr)

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DE102006026400A1 (de) 2006-06-07 2007-12-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor mit Servounterstützung
DE102006036782B4 (de) * 2006-08-07 2017-12-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Injektor
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DE102012212614A1 (de) * 2012-07-18 2014-01-23 Continental Automotive Gmbh Piezoinjektor mit hydraulisch gekoppelter Düsennadelbewegung
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1714025A1 (fr) 2006-10-25
WO2005075811A1 (fr) 2005-08-18
JP4327850B2 (ja) 2009-09-09
ATE390552T1 (de) 2008-04-15
US20070152084A1 (en) 2007-07-05
US7455244B2 (en) 2008-11-25
DE102004005456A1 (de) 2005-08-25
JP2007500304A (ja) 2007-01-11
DE502004006696D1 (de) 2008-05-08
CN100458136C (zh) 2009-02-04
CN1914417A (zh) 2007-02-14

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