EP1714025B1 - Fuel injector with a direct controlled injection valve member - Google Patents

Fuel injector with a direct controlled injection valve member Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1714025B1
EP1714025B1 EP04804653A EP04804653A EP1714025B1 EP 1714025 B1 EP1714025 B1 EP 1714025B1 EP 04804653 A EP04804653 A EP 04804653A EP 04804653 A EP04804653 A EP 04804653A EP 1714025 B1 EP1714025 B1 EP 1714025B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
space
pressure
valve member
injection valve
fuel injector
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EP04804653A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1714025A1 (en
Inventor
Friedrich Boecking
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
    • F02M2200/703—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
    • F02M2200/703—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic
    • F02M2200/704—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic with actuator and actuated element moving in different directions, e.g. in opposite directions

Definitions

  • Fuel injectors for storage injection systems are usually controlled by solenoid valves or piezo actuators.
  • solenoid valves or piezo actuators By means of the solenoid valves or the piezo actuators, a pressure relief of a control chamber.
  • the control room has a discharge channel in which an outflow throttle is usually arranged.
  • the filling of the control chamber for actuating an injection valve member is generally carried out via an inlet from the high pressure side, in which an inlet throttle element is inserted.
  • a valve closing member is actuated, which closes the flow channel.
  • the valve closure member Upon actuation of the solenoid valve or the piezoelectric actuator, the valve closure member, which may be, for example, a spherical body or a cone, the flow channel is free, so that a control volume is able to flow out of the control chamber.
  • the pressure in the control chamber and an injection valve member which is acted upon by the control chamber and is generally of a needle-shaped design, travel in the vertical direction.
  • the injection valve member are at the combustion chamber end of the fuel injector Injection openings released so that fuel can be injected into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
  • the known from the prior art fuel injectors which can be actuated by solenoid valves or piezoelectric actuators, usually comprise an injector, which is constructed pressure-resistant and pressure-tight. Outside this injector body, the solenoid valve or the piezoelectric actuator are recorded. Through this, the pressure level in the control room is lowered via the release of the flow channel. According to this principle, an actuation of the needle-shaped injection valve member takes place in an indirect way.
  • the piezoelectric actuator which is arranged outside of the valve body, is usually associated with a hydraulic transmission device, so that its stroke can be extended because the stacked piezoelectric crystals have only a small change in length when energized. If the fuel injector, however, actuated by a solenoid valve, the exact adjustment of the residual air gap and the Ankerhubweg is required to control the flow channel of the control chamber closing valve closure member accordingly precisely, especially in the high speed range of an internal combustion engine.
  • a fuel injector with a pushing piezoelectric actuator for opening an inwardly opening nozzle needle is off DE 19519 191 A1 known.
  • a piston-in-piston system is provided, wherein the piezoelectric actuator is drive-coupled with a first booster piston and in the first booster piston, a second booster piston is guided, which in turn is drive-coupled with the nozzle needle.
  • a control chamber is limited, wherein the pressure in the control chamber increases when the first booster piston acts on the control chamber and an annular surface of the second booster piston exposed to the control chamber is moved counter to the stroke of the piezoactuator.
  • Another fuel injector with a piezoelectric actuator but with an outwardly opening nozzle needle is off DE 101 45 620 A1 known.
  • the stroke of a first booster piston is translated via a control chamber to a drive-coupled to the nozzle needle second booster piston without Hubumledge.
  • a particularly compact fuel injector is provided with which a direct actuation of a needle-shaped injection valve member is achieved.
  • a piezo-crystal stack-containing actuator is accommodated in a pressure chamber filled with system pressure.
  • An end face is connected to a first booster piston, which encloses a second booster piston.
  • the second booster piston is formed on the injection valve member.
  • the first booster piston and the second booster piston are guided into each other, allowing further guidance of the injection valve member adjacent a guide portion thereof within the nozzle holder. So can be dispensed with further guide portion of the injection valve member.
  • the first booster piston is enclosed by a control chamber sleeve, the pressure spring loaded on a plane surface of the nozzle holder is employed.
  • the biting edge of the control chamber sleeve is held by the compression spring permanently in contact with the flat surface of the nozzle holder combination, whereby the sealing of the control chamber is ensured.
  • the fuel flows via a nozzle chamber inlet to the nozzle space surrounding the injection valve member and from there via an annular gap to the seat of the injection valve member.
  • the Bestromungszeit of the piezoelectric actuator can be reduced, since it does not hold the injection valve member in the energized, but in the non-energized state in its closed position. If the actuator is energized, there is an increase in pressure in the control chamber whereby the second booster piston connected to the injection valve member opens. The injection valve member then releases the combustion chamber side injection openings. If the actuator, however, is not energized, the injection valve member is pressed by a arranged in a hydraulic space between the first booster piston and the second booster piston compression spring in its closed position. Therefore, the proposed pressure booster for a fuel injector acts as a pressure booster with direction reversal, which causes opening of the injection valve member with energized actuator and closes the injection valve member in the non-energized state.
  • the single figure is a section through the inventively proposed fuel injector with direct control of the injection valve member refer.
  • the drawing shows a fuel injector 1, which comprises an injector body 2.
  • the injector body 2 is connected to a nozzle holder 3 via a nozzle lock nut 4.
  • This arrangement is also referred to as a nozzle holder combination.
  • an external thread section 34 is provided on the injector body, onto which the nozzle retaining nut 4 provided with an internal thread 35 is mounted with a predetermined torque.
  • the nozzle lock nut 4 encloses the nozzle holder 3 with an annular contact surface.
  • a high-pressure inlet 6 is provided, which is connected to a high-pressure accumulator volume (common rail), not shown in the drawing.
  • the high-pressure accumulator volume (common rail) is acted upon by a high pressure pump, not shown in the drawing.
  • the pressure level (system pressure), which prevails in the high-pressure storage volume, is in the range between 1400 bar and 1600 bar.
  • a nozzle chamber inlet 24 branches off, via which a nozzle chamber 25 in the nozzle holder 3, the fuel under system pressure is supplied.
  • an actuator 9 is accommodated, which is preferably designed as a piezoelectric actuator and has a piezocrystal stack 10.
  • the piezocrystal stack 10 is energized via contacts which are not shown in the drawing, the piezocrystals arranged in stack form undergo a change in length which can be used to actuate the injection valve member.
  • the piezoelectric actuator 9 is located on an end face 12 of a first booster piston 11.
  • the wall of the first booster piston 11 is provided with a compensation bore 13, via which the pressure chamber 7 communicates with a hydraulic chamber 41.
  • the first booster piston 11 encloses a second booster piston 19 accommodated on the injection valve member 5.
  • the second booster piston 19 furthermore has a recess 32 in which a spring element 17 is inserted, which is supported on a contact surface 37 in the inside of the first booster piston 11.
  • the second booster piston 19 and the injection valve member 5 are firmly connected.
  • a first annular surface 38 of the second booster piston 19 delimits the hydraulic space 41, while a second annular surface 39 delimits a control chamber 18 on the underside of the second booster piston 19. This is also by an annular surface 20 at the bottom of the first Translator piston 11 limited, further bounded by the inside 40 of a control chamber sleeve 21 and an annular planar surface portion 23 of the nozzle body 23 adjacent to the injector body 2.
  • a support ring 14 On the lateral surface of the first booster piston 11, a support ring 14 is received, on which an abutment ring 15 is supported.
  • the contact ring 15 forms a contact surface for a compression spring 16, which adjusts the control chamber sleeve 21 to the flat surface 33 of the nozzle holder 3.
  • the control sleeve 21 enclosing the first booster piston 11 has a biting edge 22.
  • the injection valve member 5 is received in the nozzle holder 3 within a guide portion 31.
  • the nozzle chamber 25 which is acted upon by the already mentioned nozzle chamber inlet 24 from the pressure chamber 7 from under system pressure fuel 8.
  • the annular gap 27 extends to the seat 28 of the injection valve member 5 at the combustion chamber end of the nozzle holder 3. If the injection valve member 5 is placed in the seat 28, the injection openings 29 are closed in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine; if the seat 28 is open, however, fuel can be injected into the combustion chamber 30 of the internal combustion engine via the nozzle chamber inlet 24, the nozzle chamber 25, the annular gap 27 and the then opened injection openings 29.
  • this has on its the compression spring 16 side facing a contact surface for the compression spring 16.
  • the front side of the injector 2 and the end face 23 of the nozzle holder 3 form a butt joint 36, which, enclosed by the nozzle retaining nut 4 when screwing injector body 2 and nozzle holder 3 is a pressure-tight seal of the control chamber 18.
  • the piezocrystal stack 10 of the actuator 9 If, on the other hand, the piezocrystal stack 10 of the actuator 9 is energized, the individual piezocrystals of the piezocrystal stack 10 take on an elongation so that a force is generated on the end face 12 of the first booster piston 11, which sets it down in the vertical direction. The thereby entering into the control chamber 18 annular surface 20 of the first booster piston 11 causes in this a pressure increase. This pressure increase is transmitted to the second annular surface 39 on the underside of the second booster piston 19.
  • the opening injection valve member 5 extends from its formed on the combustion chamber end of the nozzle holder 3 seat 28, so that the injection openings 29 are released and the standing under system pressure fuel from the nozzle chamber 25, which flows through the annular gap 27 which the injection ports 29, into the combustion chamber 30 can be injected.
  • the first booster piston 11 moves to its rest position, as a result of which the pressure prevailing in the control chamber 18 decreases. Due to the pressure decrease in the control chamber 18 decreases acting on the second annular surface 39 on the underside of the second booster piston 19 acting in the opening direction hydraulic force, so that the closing movement takes place by the recorded in the hydraulic chamber 41 spring member 17, while acting in the closing direction of the force the pressure stage 26 exceeds attacking hydraulic force. As a result, the injection valve member 5 firmly connected to the second booster piston 19 is placed in its combustion chamber-side seat 28. The injection openings 29 are accordingly closed and no fuel can be injected into the combustion chamber 30 of the internal combustion engine.
  • the first booster piston 11 and the second booster piston 19 represent a pressure booster with direction reversal.
  • the injection valve member is opened when energized actuator, while the injector member is moved to its closed position with non-energized actuator.
  • the intermeshed booster piston 11 and 19 form a further guide of the injection valve member, which does not have to be formed in a housing.
  • the injection valve member 5 can be guided in an advantageous manner only within a guide portion 31 in the nozzle holder 3 movable.
  • the proposed fuel injector is very compact.
  • the arrangement of the booster piston 11 and 19 and the recorded on the lateral surface of the first booster piston 11 control chamber sleeve 21 advantageously allows easy compensation of bearing tolerances of the injector body 2, and the control chamber sleeve 21 relative to the planar surface 23 of the nozzle holder 3.
  • Another advantage of the invention proposed Embodiment of the fuel injector 1 is to be seen in that the Bestromungszeit of the actuator 9 can be shortened, which favorably influenced its life.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

A fuel injector for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, the injector having body and a nozzle holder in which an injection valve member is movably received, which injection valve member has a seat that opens or closes injection openings, and the injection valve member is actuatable via a piezoelectric actuator. The piezoelectric actuator actuates a first booster piston, in which a second booster piston, connected to the injection valve member is guided.

Description

Technisches GebietTechnical area

Bei Verbrennungskraftmaschinen kommen heute zunehmend Speichereinspritzsysteme (Common-Rail-Systeme) zum Einsatz, die eine drehzahl- und lastunabhängige Einstellung des Einspritzdruckes ermöglichen. Bei Common-Rail-Systemen sind die Druckerzeugung und der Einspritzvorgang zeitlich und örtlich voneinander entkoppelt. Der Einspritzdruck wird von einer separaten Hochdruckpumpe erzeugt. Diese muss nicht zwingend synchron zu den Einspritzungen angetrieben werden. Der Druck kann unabhängig von der Motordrehzahl und der Einspritzmenge eingestellt werden. An die Stelle druckgesteuerter Einspritzventile treten bei Common-Rail-Systeme elektrisch betätigte Injektoren, mit denen Ansteuerzeitpunkt und Ansteuerdauer, der Einspritzbeginn und die Einspritzmenge bestimmt werden können. Bei diesem Einspritzsystemtyp besteht eine große Freiheit bezüglich der Gestaltung von Mehrfacheinspritzungen oder geteilten Einspritzungen.In internal combustion engines today increasingly storage injection systems (common rail systems) are used, which allow a speed and load-independent adjustment of the injection pressure. In common-rail systems, the pressure generation and the injection process are temporally and locally decoupled from each other. The injection pressure is generated by a separate high-pressure pump. This does not necessarily have to be driven synchronously with the injections. The pressure can be adjusted independently of the engine speed and the injection quantity. In the place of pressure-controlled injection valves occur in common-rail systems electrically actuated injectors with which control timing and drive time, the start of injection and the injection quantity can be determined. In this type of injection system, there is great freedom in designing multiple injections or split injections.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Kraftstoffinjektoren für Speichereinspritzsysteme (Common-Rail-Systeme) werden in der Regel über Magnetventile oder Piezoaktoren angesteuert. Mittels der Magnetventile bzw. der Piezoaktoren erfolgt eine Druckentlastung eines Steuerraumes. Dazu weist der Steuerraum einen Entlastungskanal auf, in welchem in der Regel eine Ablaufdrossel angeordnet ist. Die Befüllung des Steuerraumes zur Betätigung eines Einspritzventilgliedes erfolgt in der Regel über einen Zulauf von der Hochdruckseite her, in den ein Zulaufdrosselelement eingelassen ist. Mittels des dem Steuerraum zugeordneten Magnetventil oder des diesem zugeordneten Piezoaktors wird ein Ventilschließglied betätigt, welches den Ablaufkanal verschließt. Bei Betätigung des Magnetventils bzw. des Piezoaktors gibt das Ventilschließglied, welches zum Beispiel ein Kugelkörper oder ein Konus sein kann, den Ablaufkanal frei, so dass ein Steuervolumen aus dem Steuerraum abzuströmen vermag. Dadurch sinkt der Druck im Steuerraum und ein durch den Steuerraum beaufschlagtes, in der Regel nadelförmig ausgebildetes Einspritzventilglied, fährt in vertikale Richtung auf. Durch die Auffahrbewegung des Einspritzventilgliedes werden am brennraumseitigen Ende des Kraftstoffinjektors Einspritzöffnungen freigegeben, so dass Kraftstoff in den Brennraum einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine eingespritzt werden kann.Fuel injectors for storage injection systems (common rail systems) are usually controlled by solenoid valves or piezo actuators. By means of the solenoid valves or the piezo actuators, a pressure relief of a control chamber. For this purpose, the control room has a discharge channel in which an outflow throttle is usually arranged. The filling of the control chamber for actuating an injection valve member is generally carried out via an inlet from the high pressure side, in which an inlet throttle element is inserted. By means of the control chamber associated with the solenoid valve or the associated piezoelectric actuator, a valve closing member is actuated, which closes the flow channel. Upon actuation of the solenoid valve or the piezoelectric actuator, the valve closure member, which may be, for example, a spherical body or a cone, the flow channel is free, so that a control volume is able to flow out of the control chamber. As a result, the pressure in the control chamber and an injection valve member which is acted upon by the control chamber and is generally of a needle-shaped design, travel in the vertical direction. By the Auffahrbewegung the injection valve member are at the combustion chamber end of the fuel injector Injection openings released so that fuel can be injected into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.

Die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Kraftstoffinjektoren, die über Magnetventile bzw. Piezoaktoren betätigbar sind, umfassen in der Regel einen Injektorkörper, der druckfest und druckdicht aufgebaut ist. Außerhalb dieses Injektorkörpers werden das Magnetventil bzw. der Piezoaktor aufgenommen. Durch diese wird über die Freigabe des Ablaufkanales das Druckniveau im Steuerraum abgesenkt. Gemäß dieses Prinzips erfolgt eine Betätigung des nadelförmig ausbildbaren Einspritzventilgliedes auf indirektem Wege. Dem Piezoaktor, der außerhalb des Ventilkörpers angeordnet ist, wird in der Regel eine hydraulische Übersetzungseinrichtung zugeordnet, so dass dessen Hubweg verlängert werden kann, da die in Stapelform angeordneten Piezokristalle bei Bestromung lediglich eine geringe Längenänderung aufweisen. Wird der Kraftstoffinjektor hingegen über ein Magnetventil betätigt, so ist die exakte Einstellung von dessen Restluftspalt und dessen Ankerhubweg erforderlich, um das den Ablaufkanal des Steuerraumes verschließende Ventilschließglied entsprechend präzise anzusteuern, insbesondere im hohen Drehzahlbereich einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine.The known from the prior art fuel injectors, which can be actuated by solenoid valves or piezoelectric actuators, usually comprise an injector, which is constructed pressure-resistant and pressure-tight. Outside this injector body, the solenoid valve or the piezoelectric actuator are recorded. Through this, the pressure level in the control room is lowered via the release of the flow channel. According to this principle, an actuation of the needle-shaped injection valve member takes place in an indirect way. The piezoelectric actuator, which is arranged outside of the valve body, is usually associated with a hydraulic transmission device, so that its stroke can be extended because the stacked piezoelectric crystals have only a small change in length when energized. If the fuel injector, however, actuated by a solenoid valve, the exact adjustment of the residual air gap and the Ankerhubweg is required to control the flow channel of the control chamber closing valve closure member accordingly precisely, especially in the high speed range of an internal combustion engine.

Aufgrund der außerhalb des Injektorkörpers angeordneten Ansteuereinrichtungen, d. h. eines Magnetventils bzw. Piezoaktors, bauen die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Kraftstoffinjektoren relativ hoch und benötigen demzufolge einen höheren Einbauplatzbedarf im Zylinderkopfbereich einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine. Die Tendenz bei modernen Verbrennungskraftmaschinen verläuft jedoch dahingehend, dass im Zylinderkopfbereich zunehmend weniger Bauraum zur Verfügung steht. Dies hängt damit zusammen, dass Verbrennungskraftmaschinen mit einer hohen spezifischen Leistung pro Liter Hubraum einer aufwändigen Kühlung des Zylinderkopfbereiches bedürfen. Dies erfolgt in der Regel durch Kanäle, die den Zylinderkopf der Verbrennungskraftmaschine durchziehen und aus thermischen Gründen sowie aus Gründen der Wärmeleitfähigkeit einen bestimmten Verlauf aufweisen. Dadurch sinkt der für den Einbau für Kraftstoffinjektoren erforderliche Einbauraum, so dass andere Lösungen zu entwickeln sind.Because of the arranged outside the injector body actuators, ie a solenoid valve or piezoelectric actuator, known from the prior art fuel injectors build relatively high and therefore require a higher space requirement in the cylinder head area of an internal combustion engine. The trend in modern internal combustion engines, however, is that more and more space is available in the cylinder head area. This is due to the fact that internal combustion engines with a high specific power per liter of displacement require extensive cooling of the cylinder head area. This is usually done by channels that pass through the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine and for thermal reasons and for reasons of thermal conductivity have a certain course. This reduces the installation space required for installation for fuel injectors, so that other solutions have to be developed.

Ein Kraftstoffinjektor mit einem drückenden Piezoaktor zum Öffnen einer nach innen öffnenden Düsennadel ist aus DE 19519 191 A1 bekannt. Zur Hubumkehr des Piezoaktors zum Öffnen der Düsennadel ist ein Kolben-in-Kolben-System vorgesehen, wobei der Piezoaktor mit einem ersten Übersetzerkolben antriebsgekoppelt und im ersten Übersetzerkolben ein zweiter Übersetzerkolben geführt ist, der wiederum mit der Düsennadel antriebsgekoppelt ist. Vom ersten Übersetzerkolben und vom zweiten Übersetzerkolben wird ein Steuerraum begrenzt, wobei beim Einwirken des ersten Übersetzerkolbens auf den Steuerraum sich der Druck im Steuerraum erhöht und eine dem Steuerraum ausgesetzte Ringfläche des zweiten Übersetzerkolbens entgegengesetzt zum Hub des Piezoaktors bewegt wird.A fuel injector with a pushing piezoelectric actuator for opening an inwardly opening nozzle needle is off DE 19519 191 A1 known. For stroke reversal of the piezoelectric actuator for opening the nozzle needle, a piston-in-piston system is provided, wherein the piezoelectric actuator is drive-coupled with a first booster piston and in the first booster piston, a second booster piston is guided, which in turn is drive-coupled with the nozzle needle. From the first booster piston and from the second booster piston a control chamber is limited, wherein the pressure in the control chamber increases when the first booster piston acts on the control chamber and an annular surface of the second booster piston exposed to the control chamber is moved counter to the stroke of the piezoactuator.

Ein weiterer Kraftstoffinjektor mit einem Piezoaktor jedoch mit einer nach außen öffnenden Düsennadel ist aus DE 101 45 620 A1 bekannt. Hierbei wird der Hub eines ersten Übersetzerkolben über einen Steuerraum auf einen mit der Düsennadel antriebsgekoppelt zweiten Übersetzerkolben ohne Hubumkehr übersetzt.Another fuel injector with a piezoelectric actuator but with an outwardly opening nozzle needle is off DE 101 45 620 A1 known. Here, the stroke of a first booster piston is translated via a control chamber to a drive-coupled to the nozzle needle second booster piston without Hubumkehr.

Schließlich ist aus DE 102 25 686 A1 ein Kraftstoffinjektor mit einem drückenden Piezoaktor sowie einem mit dem Piezoaktor antriebsgekoppelten ersten Übersetzerkolben und einem mit einer Düsennadel antiebsgekoppelten zweiten Übersetzerkolben bekannt. Der erste Übersetzerkolben ist in einem Düsenkörper und der zweite Übersetzerkolben ist innerhalb des ersten Übersetzerkolbens geführt. Der Steuerraum wird dabei von der Führung des ersten Übersetzerkolbens im Düsenkörper begrenzt.Finally is off DE 102 25 686 A1 a fuel injector with a pressing piezoelectric actuator and a drive-coupled to the piezoelectric actuator first booster piston and an antiebsge coupled with a nozzle needle second booster piston known. The first booster piston is in a nozzle body and the second booster piston is guided inside the first booster piston. The control chamber is limited by the leadership of the first booster piston in the nozzle body.

Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention

Durch die erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagene Lösung wird ein besonders kompaktbauender Kraftstoffinjektor bereitgestellt, mit welchem eine direkte Betätigung eines nadelförmigen Einspritzventilgliedes erreicht wird. Dazu ist ein einen Piezokristallstapel aufweisender Aktor in einem mit Systemdruck befüllten Druckraum aufgenommen. Eine Stirnseite ist mit einem ersten Übersetzerkolben verbunden, welcher einen zweiten Übersetzerkolben umschließt. Der zweite Übersetzerkolben ist am Einspritzventilglied ausgebildet. Der erste Übersetzerkolben und der zweite Übersetzerkolben werden ineinander geführt, was eine weitere Führung des Einspritzventilgliedes neben einem Führungsabschnitt desselben innerhalb des Düsenhalters ermöglicht. So kann auf weiteren Führungsabschnitt des Einspritzventilgliedes verzichtet werden.By the inventively proposed solution, a particularly compact fuel injector is provided with which a direct actuation of a needle-shaped injection valve member is achieved. For this purpose, a piezo-crystal stack-containing actuator is accommodated in a pressure chamber filled with system pressure. An end face is connected to a first booster piston, which encloses a second booster piston. The second booster piston is formed on the injection valve member. The first booster piston and the second booster piston are guided into each other, allowing further guidance of the injection valve member adjacent a guide portion thereof within the nozzle holder. So can be dispensed with further guide portion of the injection valve member.

Der erste Übersetzerkolben ist von einer Steuerraumhülse umschlossen, die druckfederbeaufschlagt an eine Planfläche des Düsenhalters angestellt ist. Die Beißkante der Steuerraumhülse wird durch die Druckfeder dauernd in Anlage an die Planfläche der Düsenhalterkombination gehalten, wodurch die Abdichtung des Steuerraumes gewährleistet wird.The first booster piston is enclosed by a control chamber sleeve, the pressure spring loaded on a plane surface of the nozzle holder is employed. The biting edge of the control chamber sleeve is held by the compression spring permanently in contact with the flat surface of the nozzle holder combination, whereby the sealing of the control chamber is ensured.

Vom unter Systemdruck stehenden Druckraum strömt der Kraftstoff über einen Düsenraumzulauf dem das Einspritzventilglied umgebenden Düsenraum zu und von diesem über einen Ringspalt zum Sitz des Einspritzventilgliedes. Durch die erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagene Lösung kann die Bestromungszeit des Piezoaktors herabgesetzt werden, da dieser das Einspritzventilglied nicht im bestromten, sondern im nicht-bestromten Zustand in seiner Schließstellung hält. Wird der Aktor bestromt, erfolgt eine Druckerhöhung im Steuerraum wodurch der mit dem Einspritzventilglied verbundene zweite Übersetzerkolben öffnet. Das Einspritzventilglied gibt die brennraumseitigen Einspritzöffnungen daraufhin frei. Ist der Aktor hingegen nicht bestromt, wird das Einspritzventilglied durch eine in einem hydraulischen Raum zwischen erstem Übersetzerkolben und zweitem Übersetzerkolben angeordnete Druckfeder in seine Schließstellung gedrückt. Daher wirkt der vorgeschlagene Druckübersetzer für einen Kraftstoffinjektor als ein Druckübersetzer mit Richtungsumkehr, der bei bestromtem Aktor ein Öffnen des Einspritzventilglieds bewirkt und im nicht-bestromten Zustand das Einspritzventilglied verschließt.From the pressurized space under system pressure, the fuel flows via a nozzle chamber inlet to the nozzle space surrounding the injection valve member and from there via an annular gap to the seat of the injection valve member. By inventively proposed solution, the Bestromungszeit of the piezoelectric actuator can be reduced, since it does not hold the injection valve member in the energized, but in the non-energized state in its closed position. If the actuator is energized, there is an increase in pressure in the control chamber whereby the second booster piston connected to the injection valve member opens. The injection valve member then releases the combustion chamber side injection openings. If the actuator, however, is not energized, the injection valve member is pressed by a arranged in a hydraulic space between the first booster piston and the second booster piston compression spring in its closed position. Therefore, the proposed pressure booster for a fuel injector acts as a pressure booster with direction reversal, which causes opening of the injection valve member with energized actuator and closes the injection valve member in the non-energized state.

Zeichnungdrawing

Anhand der Zeichnung wird die Erfindung nachstehend eingehender beschrieben.With reference to the drawing, the invention will be described below in more detail.

Es zeigt:It shows:

Der einzigen Figur ist ein Schnitt durch den erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagenen Kraftstoffinjektor mit direkter Steuerung des Einspritzventilgliedes zu entnehmen.The single figure is a section through the inventively proposed fuel injector with direct control of the injection valve member refer.

Ausführungsvariantenvariants

Die Zeichnung zeigt einen Kraftstoffinjektor 1, der einen Injektorkörper 2 umfasst. Der Injektorkörper 2 ist mit einem Düsenhalter 3 über eine Düsenspannmutter 4 verbunden. Diese Anordnung wird auch als Düsenhalterkombination bezeichnet. Zur Verbindung des Injektorkörpers 2 und des Düsenhalters 3 ist am Injektorkörper ein Außengewindeabschnitt 34 vorgesehen, auf welchen die mit einem Innengewinde 35 versehene Düsenspannmutter 4 mit einem vorgegebenen Drehmoment aufgezogen wird. Die Düsenspannmutter 4 umschließt den Düsenhalter 3 mit einer ringförmigen Anlagefläche.The drawing shows a fuel injector 1, which comprises an injector body 2. The injector body 2 is connected to a nozzle holder 3 via a nozzle lock nut 4. This arrangement is also referred to as a nozzle holder combination. To connect the injector body 2 and the nozzle holder 3, an external thread section 34 is provided on the injector body, onto which the nozzle retaining nut 4 provided with an internal thread 35 is mounted with a predetermined torque. The nozzle lock nut 4 encloses the nozzle holder 3 with an annular contact surface.

Im Injektorkörper 2 ist ein Hochdruckzulauf 6 vorgesehen, der mit einem in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellten Hochdruckspeichervolumen (Common-Rail) verbunden ist. Das Hochdruckspeichervolumen (Common-Rail) ist über eine in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt Hochdruckpumpe beaufschlagt. Das Druckniveau (Systemdruck), welches im Hochdruckspeichervolumen herrscht, liegt im Bereich zwischen 1400 bar und 1600 bar. Über den Hochdruckzulauf 6 wird ein Druckraum 7, der im Injektorkörper 2 ausgebildet ist, mit Kraftstoff 8, der unter Systemdruck steht, beaufschlagt. Vom Druckraum 7 innerhalb des Injektorkörpers 2 zweigt ein Düsenraumzulauf 24 ab, über den einem Düsenraum 25 im Düsenhalter 3 der unter Systemdruck stehender Kraftstoff zugeführt wird.In the injector body 2, a high-pressure inlet 6 is provided, which is connected to a high-pressure accumulator volume (common rail), not shown in the drawing. The high-pressure accumulator volume (common rail) is acted upon by a high pressure pump, not shown in the drawing. The pressure level (system pressure), which prevails in the high-pressure storage volume, is in the range between 1400 bar and 1600 bar. About the high-pressure inlet 6, a pressure chamber 7, which is formed in the injector body 2, with fuel 8, which is under system pressure, acted upon. From the pressure chamber 7 within the injector body 2, a nozzle chamber inlet 24 branches off, via which a nozzle chamber 25 in the nozzle holder 3, the fuel under system pressure is supplied.

Innerhalb des Druckraumes 7, der als hydraulisches Zusatzvolumen dient, mit welchem Druckschwingungen gedämpft bzw. vollständig abgebaut werden können, ist ein Aktor 9 aufgenommen, der bevorzugt als Piezoaktor ausgebildet ist und einen Piezokristallstapel 10 aufweist. Bei Bestromung des Piezokristallstapels 10 über in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellte Kontakte, erfahren die in Stapelform angeordneten Piezokristalle eine Längenänderung, welche zur Betätigung des Einspritzventilgliedes genutzt werden kann.Within the pressure chamber 7, which serves as a hydraulic additional volume, with which pressure oscillations can be attenuated or completely degraded, an actuator 9 is accommodated, which is preferably designed as a piezoelectric actuator and has a piezocrystal stack 10. When the piezocrystal stack 10 is energized via contacts which are not shown in the drawing, the piezocrystals arranged in stack form undergo a change in length which can be used to actuate the injection valve member.

Der Piezoaktor 9 liegt an einer Stirnseite 12 eines ersten Übersetzerkolbens 11. Die Wandung des ersten Übersetzerkolbens 11 ist mit einer Ausgleichsbohrung 13 versehen, über welche der Druckraum 7 mit einem hydraulischen Raum 41 in Verbindung steht. Der erste Übersetzerkolben 11 umschließt einen am Einspritzventilglied 5 aufgenommenen zweiten Übersetzerkolben 19. Der zweite Übersetzerkolben 19 weist darüber hinaus eine Ausnehmung 32 auf, in welcher ein Federelement 17 eingelassen ist, das sich an einer Anlagefläche 37 in der Innenseite des ersten Übersetzerkolbens 11 abstützt. Der zweite Übersetzerkolben 19 und das Einspritzventilglied 5 sind fest miteinander verbunden. Eine erste Ringfläche 38 des zweiten Übersetzerkolbens 19 begrenzt den hydraulischen Raum 41, während eine zweite Ringfläche 39 an der Unterseite des zweiten Übersetzerkolbens 19 einen Steuerraum 18 begrenzt. Dieser wird ebenfalls durch eine Ringfläche 20 an der Unterseite des ersten Übersetzerkolbens 11 begrenzt, ferner von der Innenseite 40 einer Steuerraumhülse 21 sowie einem ringförmigen Planflächenabschnitt 23 des am Injektorkörper 2 anliegenden Düsenhalters 23 begrenzt.The piezoelectric actuator 9 is located on an end face 12 of a first booster piston 11. The wall of the first booster piston 11 is provided with a compensation bore 13, via which the pressure chamber 7 communicates with a hydraulic chamber 41. The first booster piston 11 encloses a second booster piston 19 accommodated on the injection valve member 5. The second booster piston 19 furthermore has a recess 32 in which a spring element 17 is inserted, which is supported on a contact surface 37 in the inside of the first booster piston 11. The second booster piston 19 and the injection valve member 5 are firmly connected. A first annular surface 38 of the second booster piston 19 delimits the hydraulic space 41, while a second annular surface 39 delimits a control chamber 18 on the underside of the second booster piston 19. This is also by an annular surface 20 at the bottom of the first Translator piston 11 limited, further bounded by the inside 40 of a control chamber sleeve 21 and an annular planar surface portion 23 of the nozzle body 23 adjacent to the injector body 2.

An der Mantelfläche des ersten Übersetzerkolbens 11 ist ein Stützring 14 aufgenommen, an welchem sich ein Anlagering 15 abstützt. Der Anlagering 15 bildet eine Anlagefläche für eine Druckfeder 16, die die Steuerraumhülse 21 an die Planfläche 33 des Düsenhalters 3 anstellt. Die den ersten Übersetzerkolben 11 umschließende Steuerraumhülse 21 weist eine Beißkante 22 auf. Durch die Druckbeaufschlagung der Steuerraumhülse 21 mittels der Druckfeder 16 wird die Beißkante 22 dichtend an die Oberseite der Planfläche 23 des Düsenhalters 3 angestellt. Damit wird der Steuerraum 18, in welchem zur Betätigung des Einspritzventilgliedes 5 ein vom Systemdruck innerhalb des Druckraumes 5 verschiedener Druck erforderlich ist, wirksam gegen den unter Systemdruck stehenden Kraftstoff 8 beaufschlagten Druckraum 7 abgedichtet.On the lateral surface of the first booster piston 11, a support ring 14 is received, on which an abutment ring 15 is supported. The contact ring 15 forms a contact surface for a compression spring 16, which adjusts the control chamber sleeve 21 to the flat surface 33 of the nozzle holder 3. The control sleeve 21 enclosing the first booster piston 11 has a biting edge 22. By the pressurization of the control chamber sleeve 21 by means of the compression spring 16, the biting edge 22 is sealingly attached to the upper side of the plane surface 23 of the nozzle holder 3. Thus, the control chamber 18, in which for actuating the injection valve member 5 is required by the system pressure within the pressure chamber 5 different pressure, effectively against the pressurized fuel pressure under system pressure 8 sealed 7 sealed.

Das Einspritzventilglied 5 ist im Düsenhalter 3 innerhalb eines Führungsabschnittes 31 aufgenommen. Unterhalb des Führungsabschnittes 31 befindet sich der Düsenraum 25, der durch den bereits erwähnten Düsenraumzulauf 24 vom Druckraum 7 aus mit unter Systemdruck stehenden Kraftstoff 8 beaufschlagt wird. Vom Düsenraum 25 aus erstreckt sich der Ringspalt 27 zum Sitz 28 des Einspritzventilgliedes 5 am brennraumseitigen Ende des Düsenhalters 3. Ist das Einspritzventilglied 5 in den Sitz 28 gestellt, sind die Einspritzöffnungen 29 in den Brennraum der Verbrennungskraftmaschine geschlossen; ist der Sitz 28 hingegen geöffnet, so kann über den Düsenraumzulauf 24, den Düsenraum 25, den Ringspalt 27 und die dann geöffneten Einspritzöffnungen 29 Kraftstoff in den Brennraum 30 der Verbrennungskraftmaschine eingespritzt werden.The injection valve member 5 is received in the nozzle holder 3 within a guide portion 31. Below the guide portion 31 is the nozzle chamber 25, which is acted upon by the already mentioned nozzle chamber inlet 24 from the pressure chamber 7 from under system pressure fuel 8. From the nozzle chamber 25, the annular gap 27 extends to the seat 28 of the injection valve member 5 at the combustion chamber end of the nozzle holder 3. If the injection valve member 5 is placed in the seat 28, the injection openings 29 are closed in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine; if the seat 28 is open, however, fuel can be injected into the combustion chamber 30 of the internal combustion engine via the nozzle chamber inlet 24, the nozzle chamber 25, the annular gap 27 and the then opened injection openings 29.

Zur Sicherstellung der Druckbeaufschlagung der Steuerraumhülse 21 weist diese an ihrer der Druckfeder 16 zugewandten Seite eine Anlagefläche für die Druckfeder 16 auf. Die Stirnseite des Injektorkörpers 2 und die Planfläche 23 des Düsenhalters 3 bilden eine Stoßfuge 36, die, von der Düsenspannmutter 4 umschlossen bei Verschraubung von Injektorkörper 2 und Düsenhalter 3 eine druckdichte Abdichtung des Steuerraumes 18 darstellt.To ensure the pressurization of the control chamber sleeve 21, this has on its the compression spring 16 side facing a contact surface for the compression spring 16. The front side of the injector 2 and the end face 23 of the nozzle holder 3 form a butt joint 36, which, enclosed by the nozzle retaining nut 4 when screwing injector body 2 and nozzle holder 3 is a pressure-tight seal of the control chamber 18.

Die Funktionsweise des in der Zeichnung dargestellten Kraftstoffinjektors ist nachfolgend beschrieben:The operation of the fuel injector shown in the drawing is described below:

Im nicht-bestromten Zustand des Piezokristallstapels 10 des Aktors 9 verharrt der erste Übersetzerkolben 11 aufgrund des Druckausgleiches zwischen dem Druckraum 7 und dem hydraulischen Raum 41 über die Zulaufbohrung 13 in seiner Ruhestellung. Das an der Anlagefläche 37 anliegende Federelement 17 beaufschlagt den zweiten Übersetzerkolben 19 in Schließrichtung, so dass das mit diesem fest verbundene Einspritzventilglied 5 in seinen Sitz 28 gestellt ist. Dadurch sind die am brennraumseitigen Ende des Düsenhalters 3 ausgebildeten Einspritzöffnungen 29 verschlossen. Es gelangt kein Kraftstoff in den Brennraum 30 der Verbrennungskraftmaschine. Das Federelement 17 ist so ausgelegt, dass sie im Schließzustand eine höhere Schließkraft erzeugt, die die an der Druckstufe 26 im Druckraum 25 bei dessen Druckbeaufschlagung erzeugte in Öffnungsrichtung wirkende hydraulische Öffnungskraft übersteigt.In the non-energized state of the piezocrystal stack 10 of the actuator 9 remains the first booster piston 11 due to the pressure equalization between the pressure chamber 7 and the hydraulic chamber 41 via the inlet bore 13 in its rest position. That at the contact surface 37 adjacent spring element 17 acts on the second booster piston 19 in the closing direction, so that the injection valve member 5 firmly connected to this is placed in its seat 28. As a result, the injection openings 29 formed at the combustion chamber end of the nozzle holder 3 are closed. There is no fuel in the combustion chamber 30 of the internal combustion engine. The spring element 17 is designed so that it generates a higher closing force in the closed state, which exceeds the opening force at the pressure stage 26 in the pressure chamber 25 in the opening direction acting hydraulic opening force.

Erfolgt hingegen eine Bestromung des Piezokristallstapels 10 des Aktors 9, so nehmen die einzelnen Piezokristalle des Piezokristallstapels 10 eine Längung an, so dass eine Kraft an der Stirnseite 12 des ersten Übersetzerkolbens 11 erzeugt wird, welche diesen in vertikale Richtung nach unten stellt. Die dabei in den Steuerraum 18 einfahrende Ringfläche 20 des ersten Übersetzerkolbens 11 bewirkt in diesem eine Druckerhöhung. Diese Druckerhöhung wird an die zweite Ringfläche 39 an der Unterseite des zweiten Übersetzerkolbens 19 übertragen. Die an der zweiten Ringfläche 39 des zweiten Übersetzerkolbens 19 angreifende hydraulische Kraft sowie die an der Druckstufe 26 im Düsenraum 25 angreifende hydraulische Kraft, übersteigen die durch das Federelement 17 erzeugte Schließkraft, so dass das Einspritzventilglied 5 mit dem zweiten Übersetzerkolben 19 in den hydraulischen Raum 41 einfährt. Das dabei aus diesem verdrängte Kraftstoffvolumen strömt über die Bohrung 13 in den Druckraum 7 ein.If, on the other hand, the piezocrystal stack 10 of the actuator 9 is energized, the individual piezocrystals of the piezocrystal stack 10 take on an elongation so that a force is generated on the end face 12 of the first booster piston 11, which sets it down in the vertical direction. The thereby entering into the control chamber 18 annular surface 20 of the first booster piston 11 causes in this a pressure increase. This pressure increase is transmitted to the second annular surface 39 on the underside of the second booster piston 19. The force acting on the second annular surface 39 of the second booster piston 19 hydraulic force and acting on the compression stage 26 in the nozzle chamber 25 hydraulic force exceed the closing force generated by the spring element 17, so that the injection valve member 5 with the second booster piston 19 in the hydraulic chamber 41st retracts. The thereby displaced fuel volume flows through the bore 13 in the pressure chamber 7 a.

Das öffnende Einspritzventilglied 5 fährt aus seinem am brennraumseitigen Ende des Düsenhalters 3 ausgebildeten Sitz 28 aus, so dass die Einspritzöffnungen 29 freigegeben werden und der unter Systemdruck stehende Kraftstoff aus dem Düsenraum 25, der über den Ringspalt 27 den die Einspritzöffnungen 29 zuströmt, in den Brennraum 30 eingespritzt werden kann.The opening injection valve member 5 extends from its formed on the combustion chamber end of the nozzle holder 3 seat 28, so that the injection openings 29 are released and the standing under system pressure fuel from the nozzle chamber 25, which flows through the annular gap 27 which the injection ports 29, into the combustion chamber 30 can be injected.

Wird die Bestromung des Piezokristallstapels 10 des Aktors 9 hingegen aufgehoben, so fährt der erste Übersetzerkolben 11 in seine Ruhelage, wodurch der im Steuerraum 18 herrschende Druck abnimmt. Aufgrund der Druckabnahme im Steuerraum 18 sinkt die an der zweiten Ringfläche 39 an der Unterseite des zweiten Übersetzerkolbens 19 angreifende in Öffnungsrichtung wirkende hydraulische Kraft, so dass die Schließbewegung durch das im hydraulischen Raum 41 aufgenommene Federelement 17 erfolgt, während die in Schließrichtung wirkende Kraft die an der Druckstufe 26 angreifende hydraulische Kraft übersteigt. Dadurch wird das mit dem zweiten Übersetzerkolben 19 fest verbundene Einspritzventilglied 5 in seinen brennraumseitigen Sitz 28 gestellt. Die Einspritzöffnungen 29 werden demzufolge verschlossen und es kann kein Kraftstoff mehr in den Brennraum 30 der Verbrennungskraftmaschine eingespritzt werden.On the other hand, if the energization of the piezocrystal stack 10 of the actuator 9 is canceled, the first booster piston 11 moves to its rest position, as a result of which the pressure prevailing in the control chamber 18 decreases. Due to the pressure decrease in the control chamber 18 decreases acting on the second annular surface 39 on the underside of the second booster piston 19 acting in the opening direction hydraulic force, so that the closing movement takes place by the recorded in the hydraulic chamber 41 spring member 17, while acting in the closing direction of the force the pressure stage 26 exceeds attacking hydraulic force. As a result, the injection valve member 5 firmly connected to the second booster piston 19 is placed in its combustion chamber-side seat 28. The injection openings 29 are accordingly closed and no fuel can be injected into the combustion chamber 30 of the internal combustion engine.

Der erste Übersetzerkolben 11 und der zweite Übersetzerkolben 19 stellen einen Druckübersetzer mit Richtungsumkehr dar. Bei diesem wird bei bestromtem Aktor das Einspritzventilglied geöffnet, während bei nicht-bestromtem Aktor das Einspritzventilglied in seine Schließstellung gefahren wird. Die ineinander geführten Übersetzerkolben 11 und 19 bilden eine weitere Führung des Einspritzventilgliedes, der nicht in einem Gehäuse ausgebildet werden muss. Das Einspritzventilglied 5 kann in vorteilhafter Weise lediglich innerhalb eines Führungsabschnittes 31 im Düsenhalter 3 bewegbar geführt werden.The first booster piston 11 and the second booster piston 19 represent a pressure booster with direction reversal. In this case, the injection valve member is opened when energized actuator, while the injector member is moved to its closed position with non-energized actuator. The intermeshed booster piston 11 and 19 form a further guide of the injection valve member, which does not have to be formed in a housing. The injection valve member 5 can be guided in an advantageous manner only within a guide portion 31 in the nozzle holder 3 movable.

Da der Aktor 9 innerhalb des mit Systemdruck beaufschlagten Druckraumes 7 angeordnet ist, baut der vorgeschlagene Kraftstoffinjektor sehr kompakt. Die Anordnung der Übersetzerkolben 11 und 19 sowie der auf der Mantelfläche des ersten Übersetzerkolbens 11 aufgenommenen Steuerraumhülse 21 ermöglicht in vorteilhafter Weise einen einfachen Ausgleich von Lagertoleranzen des Injektorkörpers 2, sowie der Steuerraumhülse 21 relativ zur Planfläche 23 des Düsenhalters 3. Ein weiterer Vorteil der erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagenen Ausgestaltung des Kraftstoffinjektors 1 ist darin zu erblicken, dass die Bestromungszeit des Aktors 9 verkürzt werden kann, was dessen Lebensdauer günstig beeinflusst.Since the actuator 9 is arranged within the pressure chamber 7 acted upon by system pressure, the proposed fuel injector is very compact. The arrangement of the booster piston 11 and 19 and the recorded on the lateral surface of the first booster piston 11 control chamber sleeve 21 advantageously allows easy compensation of bearing tolerances of the injector body 2, and the control chamber sleeve 21 relative to the planar surface 23 of the nozzle holder 3. Another advantage of the invention proposed Embodiment of the fuel injector 1 is to be seen in that the Bestromungszeit of the actuator 9 can be shortened, which favorably influenced its life.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Kraftstoffinjektorfuel injector
22
Injektorkörperinjector
33
DüsenhalterInjectors
44
DüsenspannmutterNozzle clamping nut
55
EinspritzventilgliedInjection valve member
66
HochdruckzulaufHigh-pressure inlet
77
Druckraumpressure chamber
88th
Kraftstoff unter SystemdruckFuel under system pressure
99
Aktoractuator
1010
PiezokristallstapelPiezoelectric crystal stack
1111
erster Übersetzerkolbenfirst booster piston
1212
Stirnseitefront
1313
Ausgleichsbohrungcompensating bore
1414
Stützringsupport ring
1515
Anlageringeconditioning rings
1616
Druckfedercompression spring
1717
Federelementspring element
1818
Steuerraumcontrol room
1919
zweiter Übersetzerkolbensecond booster piston
2020
Ringfläche erster Übersetzerkolben 14Ring surface of the first booster piston 14
2121
SteuerraumhülseControl chamber sleeve
2222
Beißkantebiting edge
2323
Planfläche Düsenhalter 3Flat surface nozzle holder 3
2424
DüsenraumzulaufNozzle chamber inlet
2525
Düsenraumnozzle chamber
2626
Druckstufepressure stage
2727
Ringspaltannular gap
2828
SitzSeat
2929
EinspritzöffnungInjection port
3030
Brennraumcombustion chamber
3131
Führungsabschnittguide section
3232
Ausnehmung zweiter Übersetzerkolben 19Recess second booster piston 19th
3333
Ringfläche von Steuerraumhülse 19Ring surface of the control chamber sleeve 19
3434
Außengewindeexternal thread
3535
Innengewindeinner thread
3636
Stoßfugebutt joint
3737
Anlagefläche Federelement 17Contact surface spring element 17
3838
erste Ringfläche zweiter Übersetzerkolben 19first annular surface of the second booster piston 19
3939
zweite Ringfläche zweiter Übersetzerkolben 19second annular surface of the second booster piston 19th
4040
Innenseite SteuerraumhülseInside control chamber sleeve
4141
hydraulischer Raumhydraulic room

Claims (8)

  1. Fuel injector for the injection of fuel into a combustion space (30) of an internal combustion engine, with an injector body (2) and with a nozzle holder (3), in which is received movably an injection valve member (5) which has a seat (28) opening or closing injection orifices (29), the injection valve member (5) being actuable via a piezo-actuator (9), the piezo-actuator (9) directly actuating a first intensifier piston (11), in which a second intensifier piston (19) connected to the injection valve member (5) is guided for a change in pressure within a control space (18), characterized in that the control space (18) is delimited by a control-space sleeve (21), an annular surface (20) of the first intensifier piston (11), an annular surface (39) of the second intensifier piston (19) and a plane surface (23) of the nozzle holder (3), and in that the control-space sleeve (21) is guided on the first intensifier piston (11) and is acted upon via a compression spring (16).
  2. Fuel injector according to Claim 1, characterized in that the piezo-actuator (9) is received within a pressure space (7) which is formed in the injector body (2) and which is acted upon via a high-pressure inflow (6) with fuel (8) which is under system pressure.
  3. Fuel injector according to Claim 1, characterized in that the control space (18) is sealed off with respect to the pressure space (7) via a biting edge (22) cooperating with the plane surface (23) of the nozzle holder (3).
  4. Fuel injector according to Claim 1, characterized in that, between the first intensifier piston (11) and the second intensifier piston (19), a hydraulic space (41) is formed, which is connected hydraulically via a compensating bore (13) to the pressure space (7) within the injector body (2).
  5. Fuel injector according to Claim 4, characterized in that a spring element (17) which bears against a bearing surface (37) and which acts upon the injection valve member (5) in the closing direction is received within the hydraulic space (41).
  6. Fuel injector according to Claim 1, characterized in that a nozzle-space inflow (24) branches off from the pressure space (7) and connects the pressure space (7) to the nozzle space (25).
  7. Fuel injector according to Claim 1, characterized in that the guidance of the injection valve member (5) takes place, within the nozzle holder (3), in a guide portion (31) and, within the injector body (2), by means of the intensifier pistons (11, 19).
  8. Fuel injector according to Claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic space (41) which is connected via a compensating bore (13) to the pressure space (7) has for the spring element (17) a bearing surface (37) which is supported in a recess (32) of the second intensifier piston (19), the said intensifier piston having a first annular surface (38) delimiting the hydraulic space (41).
EP04804653A 2004-02-04 2004-12-02 Fuel injector with a direct controlled injection valve member Not-in-force EP1714025B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004005456A DE102004005456A1 (en) 2004-02-04 2004-02-04 Fuel injector with direct-acting injection valve member
PCT/EP2004/053230 WO2005075811A1 (en) 2004-02-04 2004-12-02 Fuel injector with a direct controlled injection valve member

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1714025A1 EP1714025A1 (en) 2006-10-25
EP1714025B1 true EP1714025B1 (en) 2008-03-26

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EP04804653A Not-in-force EP1714025B1 (en) 2004-02-04 2004-12-02 Fuel injector with a direct controlled injection valve member

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US7455244B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1714025B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4327850B2 (en)
CN (1) CN100458136C (en)
AT (1) ATE390552T1 (en)
DE (2) DE102004005456A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2005075811A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102004005456A1 (en) 2005-08-25
JP2007500304A (en) 2007-01-11
DE502004006696D1 (en) 2008-05-08
ATE390552T1 (en) 2008-04-15
CN100458136C (en) 2009-02-04
EP1714025A1 (en) 2006-10-25
CN1914417A (en) 2007-02-14
WO2005075811A1 (en) 2005-08-18
US7455244B2 (en) 2008-11-25
US20070152084A1 (en) 2007-07-05
JP4327850B2 (en) 2009-09-09

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