EP2271836B1 - Systèmes d'injection de carburant à alimentation en carburant non étranglée vers les injecteurs - Google Patents

Systèmes d'injection de carburant à alimentation en carburant non étranglée vers les injecteurs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2271836B1
EP2271836B1 EP09737922A EP09737922A EP2271836B1 EP 2271836 B1 EP2271836 B1 EP 2271836B1 EP 09737922 A EP09737922 A EP 09737922A EP 09737922 A EP09737922 A EP 09737922A EP 2271836 B1 EP2271836 B1 EP 2271836B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
injection system
fuel injection
injector
fuel
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Active
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EP09737922A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2271836A1 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Kellner
Matthias Burger
Martin Katz
Hans-Christoph Magel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
    • F02M61/12—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type characterised by the provision of guiding or centring means for valve bodies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine, in particular in a motor vehicle, having the features of the preamble of claim 1, such as in the documents EP 1873 393 or WO 2008/015039 disclosed.
  • an injector which has an at least one injection hole injector body which contains a communicating with the at least one injection hole storage space for fuel.
  • a nozzle needle is arranged, which has at one end a needle tip for controlling a fuel injection through the at least one injection hole and the other end has a control piston.
  • an annular inlet space is arranged, which is bounded radially outside of the injector body and radially inward of the bearing sleeve, wherein an injector extending in the inlet passage is provided, which opens one end in the inlet space and the other end is connected to the fuel at a high pressure providing fuel supply ,
  • At least one inlet throttle connects the inlet space throttled with the control room.
  • the inlet space to the storage space is open or the supply space is in the storage space. As a result, inlet chamber and storage space are connected to each other unthrottled.
  • the fuel injection system according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the opposite advantage that the inlet channel is unthrottled connected to the high pressure source of the fuel supply. As a result, interactions that arise through a rail throttle can be avoided. Due to the construction according to the invention can thus be dispensed with the rail throttle.
  • the on-off channel in the installed state of the injector unthrottled to the fuel supply or with their high-pressure source or high-pressure line or accumulator connected.
  • the term "unthrottled” describes the fact that the inlet channel is connected without specific throttle point to the fuel supply, so that at the inlet channel of the high pressure is applied even in dynamic processes. In particular, the narrowest flow-through cross section in the path from the high pressure source to the inlet channel in the inlet channel itself.
  • the inlet channel throttled communicates with the storage space.
  • This is achieved by at least one closing throttle, over which the inlet channel is connected to the storage space.
  • at least one closing throttle By using at least one such closing throttle, pressure oscillations or pressure waves are transmitted only attenuated from the storage space into the inlet channel, whereby adverse interactions between the respective injector and the fuel supply can be reduced in addition to the damping effect of the large storage space.
  • On the other hand can be dispensed with by the use of at least one such closing throttle without significant disadvantage to a rail throttle.
  • the vote of the respective injector on the fuel injection system can then take place via the at least one closing throttle. As a result, the vote is greatly simplified.
  • the injector according to the invention makes it possible to carry out injection processes with increased precision with regard to injection quantity and injection times.
  • the injector has a fuel port communicating with the storage space, to which a fuel supply providing the fuel under a high pressure can be connected.
  • an annular inlet space is provided, which is bounded radially on the outside of the injector body and radially inward of the bearing sleeve.
  • the aforementioned fuel connection opens in the inlet space.
  • it can have a feed channel extending in the injector body.
  • the injector has at least one inlet throttle, which throttles the inlet chamber with the control chamber.
  • the injector has at least one closing throttle, which connects the inlet space with the storage space. As a result, the inlet space communicates more or less throttled with the storage space.
  • At least one such closing throttle pressure oscillations or pressure waves are transmitted only attenuated from the storage space into the inlet space, whereby adverse interactions between the respective injector and the fuel supply can be reduced in addition to the damping effect of the large storage space.
  • Raildrossel the tuning of such a Raildrossel is only comparatively coarse possible, which affects the precision of injection operations in terms of injection quantity and injection time.
  • rail throttle is derived from the term “common rail system”, which is present when several such injectors are connected to the same fuel supply, whose Rail is formed by a common high-pressure fuel line.
  • the inlet space is separated from the storage space by means of at least one sealing element.
  • the at least one closing throttle surrounds the at least one sealing element.
  • Embodiments of the fuel injection system according to the invention are shown in the drawing and are explained in more detail below.
  • FIG. 1 shows a greatly simplified schematic longitudinal section through an injector of a fuel injection system.
  • an injector 1 includes an injector body 2 that may be assembled from a plurality of separate sections 3a, 3b, 3c, and 3d, for example.
  • the injector body 2 has at least one injection hole 4, through which an injection of fuel into an injection space 5 can be carried out. If a plurality of spray holes 4 are provided, their arrangement is expediently star-shaped with respect to a longitudinal center axis of the injector 1.
  • the injector body 2 contains a storage space 6 which communicates with the at least one injection hole 4.
  • the injector body 2 has an inlet channel 7 which extends in the injector body 2 and to which a fuel supply 8 is connected in the installed state shown.
  • the fuel supply 8 provides in the operation of the injector 1 under a high pressure fuel available, which is injectable by means of the injector 1 in the spray chamber 5.
  • the fuel supply 8 has a high-pressure line 9, which also serves as a high-pressure source or as an accumulator.
  • the high-pressure line 9 is connected on the output side via a supply line 10 to the inlet channel 7 of the respective injector 1.
  • a plurality of injectors 1 are connected via separate supply lines 10 to a common high-pressure line 9.
  • the high pressure line 9 is connected on the input side via a supply line 11 to a high pressure fuel pump, not shown here.
  • the fuel supply 8 as well as the respective injector 1 form part of a fuel injection system 41 of an internal combustion engine, which is otherwise not shown, which can be arranged in particular in a motor vehicle.
  • the injector 1 has a nozzle needle 12, which is arranged for this purpose in the storage space 6 in a stroke-adjustable manner.
  • the nozzle needle 12 is arranged in the storage chamber 6 so that it is enveloped by the storage space 6 substantially over its entire axial length and quasi floats in the fuel.
  • the nozzle needle 12 has at a the at least one injection port 4 facing the end of a needle tip 13, by means of which a fuel injection through the at least one spray hole 4 is controllable.
  • the nozzle needle 12 has a control piston 14 which has a control surface 15 on a side remote from the needle tip 13.
  • a so-called "long needle” which may have, for example, a length of 100 mm or more. It is made of one piece or consists of a solid composite of several needle parts, which are connected to each other in a suitable manner.
  • the control piston 14 With its control surface 15, the control piston 14 axially delimits a control chamber 16 which is enclosed or bounded radially by a bearing sleeve 17 is.
  • the control piston 14 is arranged axially displaceable in this bearing sleeve 17.
  • a control device 18 is provided in order to control the pressure in the control chamber 16.
  • This control device 18 is arranged in the area of the control piston 14 in the injector body 2.
  • the control device 18 here has an electromagnetically operating control valve 19.
  • This has in a low-pressure chamber 20, a valve member 21 which is actuated by means of an electromagnet 22 for carrying out an opening stroke and which is driven by means of a return spring 23 in a closed position.
  • the valve member 21 controls a throttled connection opening 24, which connects the control chamber 16 with the low-pressure chamber 20.
  • the connection opening 24 is formed in a plate body 25 which separates a needle region of the injector body 2 containing the nozzle needle 12 from a control region containing the control device 18.
  • the low-pressure space 20 communicates via a low-pressure connection 26 with a comparatively pressure-free return.
  • the low-pressure chamber 20 is supplied via a leakage in the region of the plate body 25 between the needle region and the control region of the injector body 2.
  • a tolerable amount of leakage enters an annular space 27, which surrounds the control device 18 and the at least one bore 28 with the low-pressure chamber 20th communicates.
  • the bearing sleeve 17 can be supported axially on the plate body 25 without being attached thereto. Likewise, the bearing sleeve 17 may be attached to the plate body 25. Also, the plate body 25 may be integrally formed with the bearing sleeve 17.
  • control device 18 in principle also another construction can be realized, for example with a piezoelectric actuator.
  • annular inlet chamber 29 is formed in the injector body 2. This is bounded radially on the outside by the injector body 2 and radially inward by the bearing body 17. In the axial direction of the feed chamber 29 is bounded on the one hand by the plate body 25 and on the other hand by an annular sealing element 30. In this inlet chamber 29, the inlet channel 7 opens. As a result, the inlet space 29 is coupled directly to the fuel supply 8 or to the high-pressure line 9. In particular, this coupling can be realized essentially unthrottled. In the consequence prevails in the Inlet chamber 29, even in highly dynamic processes substantially always the high pressure of the high pressure line 9.
  • the injector 1 also has at least one inlet throttle 31. This creates a throttled connection between the inlet chamber 29 and the control chamber 16.
  • the injector 1 has at least one closing throttle 32, which connects the inlet chamber 29 with the storage chamber 6.
  • the closing throttle 32 bypasses the sealing element 30 in a suitable manner.
  • the closing throttle 32 passes through the bearing sleeve 17, in particular in the radial direction.
  • an annular space 33 is formed in the bearing sleeve 17 at a side applied by the control chamber 16 side of the control piston 14.
  • This annular space 33 is realized, for example, by virtue of the fact that the control piston 14 has a larger diameter than the adjoining body of the nozzle needle 12.
  • the annular space 33 is open to the storage space 6, so that ultimately the supply space 29 via the closing throttle 32 and via the annular space 33 is connected to the memory space 6.
  • Said annular space 33 is limited in the axial direction on the one hand by the control piston 14 and on the other hand open. In the radial direction, the annular space 33 is bounded on the outside by the bearing sleeve 17 and inside by the nozzle needle 12.
  • a closing compression spring 34 is provided. This is in the example on the one hand in an axial end face of the bearing sleeve 17 and on the other hand axially supported on a collar 35, wherein the collar 35 is formed or fixed to the nozzle needle 12.
  • the injector 1 has a centering sleeve 36. This is mounted axially adjustable on the needle tip 13.
  • the centering sleeve 36 is supported axially on the one hand on the injector body 2 and on the other hand via an opening pressure spring 37 on the nozzle needle 12, for which purpose it has a further collar 38.
  • the needle tip 13 is arranged axially displaced in the centering sleeve 36.
  • the centering sleeve 36 realizes a centering of the needle tip 13 relative to a needle seat 39 which is formed in the injector body 2.
  • the centering sleeve 36 may have at least one transverse bore 40.
  • the throttle effect is considerably smaller than the throttling effect of the inlet throttle 31, on the one hand ensures that pressure waves that arise when opening and closing the nozzle needle 12 in the storage space 6, only steamed or throttled get to the inlet chamber 29 and Accordingly, only steamed get to the fuel supply 8.
  • the already provided by the relatively large volume memory space 6 damping effect is additionally strengthened.
  • the fine-tuning of the respective injector 1 with the fuel injection system can be realized via the at least one closing throttle 32. This fine-tuning can be performed more accurately than is possible in conjunction with a rail throttle.
  • injection processes, in particular with multiple injections can be realized with increased precision with regard to injection duration and injection quantity.
  • the injector 1 works as follows:
  • the control device 18 To carry out an injection of fuel, the control device 18 is driven accordingly. As a result, the solenoid 22 attracts the valve member 21 against the biasing force of the return spring 23, thereby opening the communication port 24. As a result, the pressure in the control chamber 16 drops. Consequently, the hydraulic forces acting in the closing direction on the nozzle needle 12, via the control surface 15, also decrease. Once in the opening direction at the Nozzle needle 12 predominate effective hydraulic forces, lifts them with their needle tip 13 from the needle seat 39 from. Subsequently, fuel can enter under high pressure from the storage space 6 through the injection holes 4 in the injection chamber 5. To end the injection process, the control device 18 is actuated to close the control valve 19. For this purpose, the energization of the electromagnet 22 is stopped.
  • the return spring 23 can drive the valve member 21 to close the communication hole 24.
  • About the inlet throttle 31 can in the control chamber 16 again build the high pressure and the control piston 15 and thus the nozzle needle 12 with its needle tip 13 in the needle seat 39 via the control surface 15 cinfahren. This closing movement is supported by the closing compression spring 34.
  • the throttling action of the closing throttle 32 is comparatively small, as a result of which sufficient fuel can always flow in to realize the desired injection process. On the other hand, this makes it possible to realize rapid closing operations with high needle speeds.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Système d'injection de carburant pour un moteur à combustion interne, en particulier dans un véhicule automobile, comprenant une alimentation en carburant (8) qui comporte une source haute pression (9) qui fournit du carburant sous haute pression et à laquelle sont raccordés plusieurs injecteurs (1),
    - l'injecteur respectif (1) étant équipé d'un corps d'injecteur (2) comprenant au moins un trou d'injection (4), lequel corps d'injecteur contient un espace d'accumulation (6) pour le carburant, lequel espace d'accumulation est en communication avec l'au moins un trou d'injection (4),
    - l'injecteur respectif (1) étant équipé d'une aiguille d'injecteur (12) disposée avec une course réglable dans l'espace d'accumulation (6), laquelle aiguille d'injecteur comprend une pointe d'aiguille (13) pour commander une injection de carburant à travers l'au moins un trou d'injection (4),
    - l'injecteur respectif (1) étant équipé d'un dispositif de commande (18) pour commander l'aiguille d'injecteur (12),
    - l'injecteur respectif (1) étant équipé d'un conduit d'amenée (7) qui est raccordé à la source haute pression (9),
    - le conduit d'amenée (7) étant relié sans étranglement à la source haute pression (5),
    caractérisé en ce que
    - l'aiguille d'injecteur (12) comprend la pointe d'aiguille (13) à une extrémité et un piston de commande (14) à l'autre extrémité,
    - le dispositif de commande (18) commande une pression dans un espace de commande (16) pour commander l'aiguille d'injecteur (12), lequel espace de commande est limité axialement par le piston de commande (14) et radialement par une douille de palier (17) disposée dans le corps d'injecteur (2), dans laquelle douille de palier le piston de commande (14) a une course réglable de manière guidée axialement,
    - un espace d'amenée (29) annulaire est disposé dans le corps d'injecteur (2), lequel espace d'amenée est limité radialement à l'extérieur par le corps d'injecteur (2) et radialement à l'intérieur par la douille de palier (17), et
    - l'espace d'amenée (29) est séparé de l'espace d'accumulation (6) à l'aide d'au moins un élément d'étanchéité (30), l'au moins un élément d'étanchéité (30) étant disposé radialement entre la douille de palier (17) et le corps d'injecteur (2) et limitant axialement l'espace d'amenée (29).
  2. Système d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'espace d'accumulation (6) est relié au conduit d'amenée (7) par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un restricteur de fermeture (32).
  3. Système d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le conduit d'amenée (7) s'étend dans le corps d'injecteur (2) et/ou débouche dans l'espace d'amenée (29).
  4. Système d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 1 ou 3, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un restricteur d'amenée (31) est prévu, lequel relie l'espace d'amenée (29) à l'espace de commande (16) de manière étranglée.
  5. Système d'injection de carburant au moins selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'au moins un restricteur de fermeture (32) relie l'espace d'amenée (29) à l'espace d'accumulation (6).
  6. Système d'injection de carburant au moins selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que l'effet d'étranglement de l'au moins un restricteur de fermeture (32) est inférieur à l'effet d'étranglement de l'au moins un restricteur d' amenée (31).
  7. Système d'injection de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'au moins un restricteur de fermeture (32) traverse la douille de palier (17).
  8. Système d'injection de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'au moins un restricteur de fermeture (32) relie l'espace d'amenée (29) à un espace annulaire (33) ouvert en direction de l'espace d'accumulation (6), lequel espace annulaire est réalisé dans la douille de palier (17) sur un côté du piston de commande (14) opposé à l'espace de commande (16).
  9. Système d'injection de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commande (18) est disposé dans le corps d'injecteur (2) dans la région du piston de commande (14).
  10. Système d'injection de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'une douille de centrage (36) est prévue, dans laquelle douille de centrage la pointe d'aiguille (13) est disposée avec une course réglable de manière guidée axialement et laquelle douille de centrage centre la pointe d'aiguille (13) par rapport à un siège d'aiguille (39) réalisé dans le corps d'injecteur (2).
EP09737922A 2008-04-28 2009-03-04 Systèmes d'injection de carburant à alimentation en carburant non étranglée vers les injecteurs Active EP2271836B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200810001423 DE102008001423A1 (de) 2008-04-28 2008-04-28 Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage
PCT/EP2009/052542 WO2009132878A1 (fr) 2008-04-28 2009-03-04 Systèmes d'injection de carburant à alimentation en carburant non étranglée vers les injecteurs

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2271836A1 EP2271836A1 (fr) 2011-01-12
EP2271836B1 true EP2271836B1 (fr) 2012-12-12

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EP09737922A Active EP2271836B1 (fr) 2008-04-28 2009-03-04 Systèmes d'injection de carburant à alimentation en carburant non étranglée vers les injecteurs

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EP (1) EP2271836B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102008001423A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009132878A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016201539A1 (de) 2015-12-21 2017-06-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006029392A1 (de) * 2006-06-27 2008-01-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Injektor
DE102006036447A1 (de) * 2006-08-04 2008-02-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Injektor für ein Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem
DE102007011685A1 (de) 2007-03-09 2008-09-11 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor mit verbessertem Steuerventil
DE102007021330A1 (de) * 2007-05-07 2008-11-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit Common-Rail-Einspritzsystem

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DE102008001423A1 (de) 2009-10-29
EP2271836A1 (fr) 2011-01-12
WO2009132878A1 (fr) 2009-11-05

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