EP1707697A1 - Modulares bewohnbares unterirdisches Gebäude - Google Patents

Modulares bewohnbares unterirdisches Gebäude Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1707697A1
EP1707697A1 EP05292714A EP05292714A EP1707697A1 EP 1707697 A1 EP1707697 A1 EP 1707697A1 EP 05292714 A EP05292714 A EP 05292714A EP 05292714 A EP05292714 A EP 05292714A EP 1707697 A1 EP1707697 A1 EP 1707697A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
modules
building according
cylinders
facade
module
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05292714A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Jacques Renaud
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1707697A1 publication Critical patent/EP1707697A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/04—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate against air-raid or other war-like actions
    • E04H9/10—Independent shelters; Arrangement of independent splinter-proof walls
    • E04H9/12—Independent shelters; Arrangement of independent splinter-proof walls entirely underneath the level of the ground, e.g. air-raid galleries
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/32—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the production of constructions consisting of cylindrical shells interconnected by assembly modules and opening to the outside through facade modules. The whole is placed on the ground then covered with earth and planted with plants; the construction is therefore buried and not underground.
  • Cylinders, assembly modules and facade modules constitute a system that must be buried to meet the requirements of a durable and comfortable habitat
  • Cylinders, assembly modules and facade modules are constituted by hulls used as formwork for embankments, waterproofing and interior facing.
  • the attached land provides the functions of thermal and sound insulation and exterior cladding.
  • the purpose of the invention is to integrate the construction in its environment while maintaining for living rooms large windows opening onto the landscape.
  • Traditional buildings consist of walls and roofs.
  • the roof is sometimes replaced by a terrace that can be planted to improve integration into the environment. Nevertheless the walls remain visible and the geometry of the construction is extremely present.
  • Another goal is to build housing quickly and low cost using prefabricated modules simple, light and easy to implement.
  • the current prefabricated elements are generally heavy (because they are made of concrete) and complex because they must meet the criteria of watertightness, insulation, and finish.
  • troglodyte habitat that exists in all latitudes, which meets the same criteria of integration in the environment and provides good results of thermal and sound insulation.
  • the realization of such a habitat requires a particular quality of ground: sufficiently resistant not to collapse and sufficiently tender to be excavated in reasonable economic conditions.
  • the troglodyte habitat (except the vertical habitat dug in plain and opening on courtyards and patios) sees its orientation determined by that of the wall in which it is excavated. As a result, it has only one orientation.
  • Underground shells against bombs, radiations and gases consisting of cylindrical or parallelepipedal modules made of steel, concrete or plastic, then covered or not with a concrete slab ( FR2593217 , FR2499136 , FR2503777 , FR1368087 , FR1382540 , GB2075570 , FR 2519366 ) and the fiberglass-reinforced plastic shelter covered with earth and which can be transformed into a cellar in peacetime ( DE 3242080 )
  • the purpose of these inventions is to protect their occupants during short periods they do not have to take into account nor to develop the provisions allowing to meet the criteria of a durable habitat: the space, the comfort, the sight, the sunshine, the diversity of surfaces and volumes. They have not developed a combinatorics of elements such as connection modules and facade modules, to meet these criteria.
  • Hamco and tubosider metal nozzles are also known to have their origin in a patent filed by Mr. Simpson in 1896 in Indianna (USA). These galvanized steel nozzles placed on the ground and then covered with an embankment are used for the construction of tunnels, bridges, passages. In the context of these applications, the companies mentioned have not developed a combinatorics of elements that meet the criteria for the use of a sustainable habitat. On the other hand, the material used (corrugated corrugated metal sheets) does not have the required qualities (waterproofing, interior finishing, possibility of producing double curvature surfaces) to achieve the constructions. developed in the context of the invention presented.
  • the main cylinders, facade modules and assembly modules are equipped with a floor allowing the inhabitants to move on a horizontal surface but also separating the living area (upper) of the technical part (lower).
  • the technical part houses the fluid equipment, water, wastewater, ventilation ducts, cable ducts, etc. This arrangement allows a flow of fluids in the building and thus easy maintenance and a minimum number of openings in the buildings. hulls for the entry and exit of networks.
  • the hulls can be made in different types of synthetic materials.
  • the criteria of choice are: the lightness, the resistance in time, the aptitude for the realization of the defined forms, the tightness, a certain rigidity and the finish aspect of the interior facing.
  • One of the materials that can be retained today is polyester reinforced with glass fibers. If the material used has the qualities mentioned above, the prefabrication of the elements becomes extremely simple: it is a question of making simple thin shells and if the embankment which covers them is suitably drained, the watertightness between the shells, at their level. assembly has to take into account only the runoff water (not like in an underground habitat the rise of water table, nor as in a traditional habitat, the beating rains).
  • the cylinders, facade modules and assembly modules are assembled on the receiving platform which has previously been compacted and drained. It is then backfilled in successive layers compacted so as to cover all the elements with at least 80 cm of embankments.
  • the embankment is profiled in slopes or terraces.
  • the embankments constitute an external thermal insulation and the thermal bridges are reduced to a minimum.
  • the embankments create a comfortable thermal inertia in winter as in summer.
  • the embankments are draining to allow the flow of runoff to the drainage system.
  • the embankments are then subject to a landscaped treatment: top soil for planting plants and various amenities such as gravel or paved alleyways, stairs, benches, garden lighting etc ... A landscape is thus reconstituted on the premises same construction.
  • the cylinders, assembly modules and façade modules can be split up.
  • the fractionation may be carried out according to a generatrix or vertical plane of section for the cylinders, or in a plane of symmetry for the assembly modules. Partial or total reconstruction of cylinders, assembly modules and modules Façade is done in factory or on site depending on the size of the elements.
  • the assembly between main cylinders, assembly modules, facade modules and possibly connecting elements is always located in a vertical plane in order to solve the sealing problem in a simple manner.
  • Figure 1 shows a dwelling made up of three types of modules.
  • Figure 2 shows the main elements of a register, namely: main cylinder, (21) assembly module (22) and facade module (24).
  • (21) is a main cylinder whose guide curve is flattened at the bottom. It is stiffened at its two ends by connecting flanges (211) for assembling the main cylinder to the module of the facade (24) and the assembly module (22) which have identical connection flanges (251) and (221). This assembly is carried out face to face (see detail 29). It is stabilized by a mechanical process (nut, rivet, etc ...) (291) and protected by a preformed joint cover (292) adapted to the shape of the flanges, ie to the steering curve, of the cylinder main.
  • the main cylinder can also be stiffened vertically, at regular distance by stiffeners (212) same geometry as the flanges. If the cylinder is cut vertically into several sections for transportation convenience, each end section will be equipped with a flange and the assembly of these flanges will form stiffener. For example, in the drawn cylinder, a 1.2 m grid was chosen to space the stiffeners (212). The cylinder (4.8m) can be made in two sections of 2.4m (road gauge) which will be assembled (213).
  • the main cylinder can be stiffened horizontally according to its generatrices by stiffeners such as (214). If the cylinder is cut horizontally into multiple sectors for transportation convenience, each sector perimeter generator will be equipped with a stiffener that will apply face-to-face with the next sector stiffener. For example, in the drawn cylinder, it was chosen to create a stiffener (214) and cut the arc in 2 sectors flanking the false floor: an upper sector (215-214-215) and a lower sector, under the false floor (215-215) The floor (216) separates the living part (upper part of the hull) from the technical part (lower part of the hull). It is fixed on longitudinal reinforcements of the low shell (281) and reinforces it by pulling effect.
  • stiffeners such as (214). If the cylinder is cut horizontally into multiple sectors for transportation convenience, each sector perimeter generator will be equipped with a stiffener that will apply face-to-face with the next sector stiffener. For example, in the drawn cylinder, it was chosen to create a stiffener
  • fluid networks (282): water, wastewater, ventilation ducts, electricity etc ... (22) is a square assembly module. Its lower part is a ridge vault (figure3 / 36) (intersection of 2 half-cylinders of directional curve identical to that of the main cylinder), its upper part is a vault on pendants (222) intersection of a sphere with a cube creating four intersection curves identical to the main cylinder guide curve.
  • the ridge vault by its shape, facilitates the flow of fluids, the cupola on pendants reconstitutes in the upper part a circle which, provided with a collar (223) allows an easy junction with any type of element with a circular base ( dome 224, cylinder, cone ).
  • the assembly module comprises 4 horizontal generatrix cylinders (225) allowing its connection to 4 cylinders or primers of cylinders with the same directing curve.
  • the connection is effected by means of flanges (221) protected by a joint cover (identical to the previous description)
  • the assembly module can be made in one or more elements. For example, for the drawing module it was chosen to make the upper part (above the floor) into 4 elements (ABCD) that should be assembled at the factory or on site.
  • the lower part, secured to the floor, is made in one block.
  • the floor (227) separates the living part of the technical part. It is located at the same level as the floor (216) of the main cylinder and has the same characteristics.
  • (23) is a square assembly module. Its geometry is that of a ridge vault both for its lower part (36, Figure 3) than for its upper part (23). Except for its shape that does not allow the connection of an element at the top, its characteristics are identical to those of (22).
  • (26) is a facade module whose inner portion (261) is constituted by a cylinder section with a steering curve identical to that of the main cylinder with which it connects via a flange (262). Its outer portion (263) has a strong cantilever shaped successive arches and can support the embankments. A slope or retaining wall may be established under the bow springs to contain the lower slopes. This daunting layout can be used as a building entrance.
  • (27) shows a facade module whose inner portion (271) is constituted by a steering cylinder section identical to that of the main cylinder with which it connects via a flange (272). Its outer part (273) is a truncated cone flaring on the outside to open more widely the vision and increase the penetration of light.
  • FIG. 3 shows triangular assembly modules (31) and (32) and their possibility of assembly with a main cylinder (33), a square assembly module (34) and a facade module (35). All these modules have in common their guide curve allowing easy assemblies, and their floor level allowing a habitability of full foot in the upper part and the passage of fluids in the lower part.
  • (31) represents a triangular assembly module. Its lower part is a ridge vault (37), its upper part is a dome on pendants (311). The dome on pendants makes it possible to reconstitute in its upper part a circle which, provided with a flange (312) allows an easy junction with any type of circular element such as drum (313) and dome (314).
  • (32) represents a triangular assembly module.
  • a ridge vault (figure 37) and its upper part also (321).
  • (33) shows a main cylinder (already described in 21) in the assembly position with a triangular module (31).
  • (34) represents a square assembly module (already described in 22) in assembly position with two triangular modules (31) and (32) receiving at the top a dome surmounted by a cylindrical drum (341) and a dome zenith lighting (342).
  • (35) shows a facade module (already described at 24) in the assembly position with a triangular assembly module (31).
  • (36) represents the lower portion (as an edge vault of a square assembly module (34).
  • (37) represents the lower portion (ridge vault) of a triangular joining module (31/32).
  • Figure 4 shows a system with 2 registers or 2 steering curves
  • the 2 registers have the same logic: a single steering curve, connection flanges, false floor level.
  • the size and nature of the guideline will orient a register towards one type of use or another.
  • the register 2 is particularly adapted to circulations (corridors, stairs, etc ). To go from one register to another we use a connection module.
  • the register 1 is represented by a main cylinder (41). We could also have included assembly modules (square, triangular) and façade modules.
  • the register 2 whose guide curve is that of a softened vertical rectangle is represented by a right cylinder (44) an assembly of 2 elbow cylinders (45) a right angle intersection of 2 cylinders forming an edge vault (46) an assembly of 3 cylinders in the vertical plane (forming the envelope of a straight staircase (47).
  • the connection module of these two registers (42) seen from the face in contact with the largest element, and (43) seen from the face in contact with the smallest element.
  • the connection module is formed of a short main cylinder section of register 1 (432) closed by a vertical plane (433) forming a tympanum.
  • This cylinder section is connected to the system module 1 by a connecting flange (431). It is also formed of a short section of the main cylinder of the system 2 (434) positioned on the tympanum with only constraint the level of the floors (436) of the system 2 and (435) of the system 1.
  • the cylinder section of the system 2 is connected to the system module 2 concerned by a connecting flange (437).
  • a communication bay is reserved in the part of the tympanum common to the two cylinders. The positioning of the cylinders relative to each other depends on the function that is dedicated to them. In (42) (43) the communication is off-center to facilitate the arrangement of the main cylinder of system 1 in a room or kitchen.
  • (48) shows a connecting module whose size requires the tympanum (481) to be arched to withstand the pressure of the embankments.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Residential Or Office Buildings (AREA)
EP05292714A 2005-04-01 2005-12-16 Modulares bewohnbares unterirdisches Gebäude Withdrawn EP1707697A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0503185A FR2883894B1 (fr) 2005-04-01 2005-04-01 Batiment modulaire enterre, principalement destine a l'habitation et son procede de fabrication

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1707697A1 true EP1707697A1 (de) 2006-10-04

Family

ID=35285399

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05292714A Withdrawn EP1707697A1 (de) 2005-04-01 2005-12-16 Modulares bewohnbares unterirdisches Gebäude

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1707697A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2883894B1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013104535A1 (de) * 2012-01-11 2013-07-18 Frank Baldinger Servertunnel
DE102020119810A1 (de) 2020-07-28 2022-02-03 tegut... gute Lebensmittel GmbH & Co. KG Gebäudebaumodul
RU217144U1 (ru) * 2023-02-08 2023-03-20 Андрей Вячеславович Кононов Жилой модуль

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114439288A (zh) * 2022-01-30 2022-05-06 中建国际医疗产业发展有限公司 单通道可拼接模块化集成式负压隔离病房

Citations (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB518742A (en) * 1938-08-31 1940-03-06 John Summers And Sons Ltd Improvements in air-raid shelters, huts, and like structures
FR864638A (fr) * 1940-04-04 1941-05-01 Système de tranchées de défense passive, en béton armé léger, prévues pour être disposées en plein air ou souterrainement
GB600404A (en) * 1944-10-03 1948-04-08 Robert Leavitt Davison Building construction
US2480642A (en) * 1947-11-26 1949-08-30 James W Galloway Prefabricated section for buildings and a seal for joints between sections
FR1368087A (fr) 1963-09-06 1964-07-24 Abri souterrain
FR1382540A (fr) 1964-02-12 1964-12-18 Rolandwerft G M B H Abri anti-aérien
GB2075570A (en) 1980-05-08 1981-11-18 Conder International Ltd Nuclear fall-out shelter
FR2499136A1 (fr) 1981-02-05 1982-08-06 Cancel Louis Abri anti-atomique enterre
GB2092633A (en) * 1981-02-03 1982-08-18 Lockwoods Anti Nuclear Design Nuclear blast and fallout shelter
FR2503777A1 (fr) 1981-04-08 1982-10-15 Scgpm Abri enterre monocoque mixte acier-beton
FR2519366A1 (fr) 1982-01-06 1983-07-08 Lavielle Jean Claude Procede pour la construction d'abris antiatomiques modulaires en acier
DE3242080A1 (de) 1982-11-13 1984-05-17 Bert 37034 Holmsjö Gustafsson Unterirdische bomben-schutzraum- und lagerkeller-einheit
DE8706486U1 (de) * 1987-05-06 1987-06-19 Knecht, Rainer, 7430 Metzingen Fertigbau-Gewölbekeller
FR2593217A1 (fr) 1986-01-21 1987-07-24 Campenon Bernard Abri modulaire et son procede de fabrication
WO2003010393A1 (en) * 2001-07-25 2003-02-06 Gh Australia Pty Ltd Portable housing

Patent Citations (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB518742A (en) * 1938-08-31 1940-03-06 John Summers And Sons Ltd Improvements in air-raid shelters, huts, and like structures
FR864638A (fr) * 1940-04-04 1941-05-01 Système de tranchées de défense passive, en béton armé léger, prévues pour être disposées en plein air ou souterrainement
GB600404A (en) * 1944-10-03 1948-04-08 Robert Leavitt Davison Building construction
US2480642A (en) * 1947-11-26 1949-08-30 James W Galloway Prefabricated section for buildings and a seal for joints between sections
FR1368087A (fr) 1963-09-06 1964-07-24 Abri souterrain
FR1382540A (fr) 1964-02-12 1964-12-18 Rolandwerft G M B H Abri anti-aérien
GB2075570A (en) 1980-05-08 1981-11-18 Conder International Ltd Nuclear fall-out shelter
GB2092633A (en) * 1981-02-03 1982-08-18 Lockwoods Anti Nuclear Design Nuclear blast and fallout shelter
FR2499136A1 (fr) 1981-02-05 1982-08-06 Cancel Louis Abri anti-atomique enterre
FR2503777A1 (fr) 1981-04-08 1982-10-15 Scgpm Abri enterre monocoque mixte acier-beton
FR2519366A1 (fr) 1982-01-06 1983-07-08 Lavielle Jean Claude Procede pour la construction d'abris antiatomiques modulaires en acier
DE3242080A1 (de) 1982-11-13 1984-05-17 Bert 37034 Holmsjö Gustafsson Unterirdische bomben-schutzraum- und lagerkeller-einheit
FR2593217A1 (fr) 1986-01-21 1987-07-24 Campenon Bernard Abri modulaire et son procede de fabrication
DE8706486U1 (de) * 1987-05-06 1987-06-19 Knecht, Rainer, 7430 Metzingen Fertigbau-Gewölbekeller
WO2003010393A1 (en) * 2001-07-25 2003-02-06 Gh Australia Pty Ltd Portable housing

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013104535A1 (de) * 2012-01-11 2013-07-18 Frank Baldinger Servertunnel
DE102020119810A1 (de) 2020-07-28 2022-02-03 tegut... gute Lebensmittel GmbH & Co. KG Gebäudebaumodul
RU217144U1 (ru) * 2023-02-08 2023-03-20 Андрей Вячеславович Кононов Жилой модуль

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2883894B1 (fr) 2008-01-25
FR2883894A1 (fr) 2006-10-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Rael Earth architecture
US3154888A (en) Building construction
EP0160155B1 (de) Vorgefertigter Bauelementensatz
US9783983B1 (en) Lotus dome
EP1707697A1 (de) Modulares bewohnbares unterirdisches Gebäude
WO2004106669A1 (en) Ready-to-use containerised house
BE1028666B1 (fr) Module constructif tridimensionnel préfabriqué
US5448860A (en) Prefabricated observatory dome structure
BE509590A (de)
Mollaert et al. Textile shelters for archaeological or heritage areas: design references
FR2711162A1 (fr) Procédé de construction de bâtiments enterrés.
FR2912163A1 (fr) Bloc alveole permettant la construction de tout type de mur en maconnerie traditionnel
US20220282472A1 (en) A building assembly and a method of enabling camping
FR2621943A1 (fr) Maison modulaire agrandissable
Chen et al. Contemporary Design in Detail: Sustainable Environments
JPH09137613A (ja) 多層集合コンクリート住宅
FR2697045A1 (fr) Abri gonflable à éléments modulaires.
ARIFIN et al. Re-development and arrangement of waterfront space as the iconic area of Makassar, Indonesia
Gökdemir et al. Investigation Of Architecture Of Historical Safranbolu Houses With Structural Corruption Factors And Sustainability
LU83983A1 (fr) Systeme de construction et d'integration d'un batiment a chauffage solaire
Vivek Architectural Habitats for Extremities
CA1210212A (fr) Plan de maison d'habitation visant l'insolation efficace
FR2644814A1 (fr) Procede pour la realisation de structures et structure obtenue, notamment en bois, pour la realisation de batiments
YILMAZ et al. The Documentation and Restoration Proposal for Zaimzade Kamil Efendi Mansion Located in Eskişehir Province Sivrihisar District
FR2807459A1 (fr) Structure autoportante constituee de panneaux triangulaires spheriques et de voutes, en materiaux composites, qui s'assemblent par clipsage, avec l'interposition d'un joint d'etancheite et de positionnement

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL BA HR MK YU

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20070326

AKX Designation fees paid

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20100113

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 20100526