Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
  • E01F8/00—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic
  • E01F8/02—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic specially adapted for sustaining vegetation or for accommodating plants ; Embankment-type or crib-type noise barriers; Retaining walls specially adapted to absorb or reflect noise
  • E01F8/021—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic specially adapted for sustaining vegetation or for accommodating plants ; Embankment-type or crib-type noise barriers; Retaining walls specially adapted to absorb or reflect noise with integral support structure
  • E01F8/025—Gabion-type

Definitions

• NOISE WALL OBTAINED AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAID NOISE WALL
• the present invention relates to a prefabricated sound module for noise barrier, the method of manufacturing a noise barrier using these prefabricated sound modules and the noise barrier obtained.
• foundations are first made, for example of poured concrete.
• poles anchored in these foundations are poured in place.
• prefabricated acoustic walls are made, for example made of wood, "Plexiglas" or a mixture of wood and concrete. It appears that this process requires major structural work.
• the noise barrier obtained is long to produce since it requires at least two significant setting periods during which the site does not advance and during which the surrounding infrastructures are, in part or in whole, unusable, which generates numerous disadvantages for vehicle traffic and access to certain places.
• the noise barriers thus produced often do not allow sufficient results to be obtained in terms of noise absorption and reduction of noise pollution for residents. This solution is therefore not satisfactory.
• Another method consists in using prefabricated phonic modules filled on site.
• the present invention aims to overcome these drawbacks by proposing a prefabricated sound module for noise barrier, using simple materials, inexpensive to produce, which can be entirely or partially pre-filled and brought "ready to use” to the site, for make a noise barrier forming a very effective noise barrier, with limited floor space and offering a particular aesthetic.
• the present invention also provides a method of manufacturing a noise barrier, simple and rapid, making it possible to limit the size of the foundations to be made, the cost and the duration of the worksites and to obtain aesthetic noise barriers, of moderate bulk and having very good acoustic performance in terms of noise absorption.
• the invention relates to a prefabricated sound module for noise barrier of the kind indicated in the preamble, comprising at least one frame in which are provided at least one sound zone arranged to limit the passage of noise through the prefabricated sound module and to at least one ballast area arranged to receive ballast materials, the sound zone comprising at least one sound absorption zone arranged to absorb noise and at least one sound barrier arranged to block the passage of these noise.
• the sound zone forms a vertical wall extending substantially over the entire vertical section of the prefabricated sound module.
• At least part of this sound zone is advantageously arranged tangentially to the frame and the ballast zone being provided at the rear of this sound zone.
• the prefabricated sound module comprises two ballasting zones framing the sound zone.
• the prefabricated seal module comprises two phonic zones framing at least one ballast zone.
• the sound zone has an air wall disposed between the sound absorption zone and the ballasting zone, this air wall having a width of at least 5 mm and preferably between 10 and 40 mm .
• the sound absorption zone preferably includes weather protection.
• the sound absorption zone advantageously consists of several discrete sound elements arranged adjacent to each other.
• phonic elements are advantageously associated with a support wall forming at least partially the seal barrier and arranged to retain them. They are preferably sealed to each other and / or to the sound barrier by definitive assembly means chosen from the group comprising an adhesive, a cement, a foam.
• the sound absorption zone is advantageously made from at least one of the materials chosen from the group comprising wood, aerated concrete, a mixture of concrete and synthetic material, a mixture of concrete and natural and / or synthetic material. , stone, volcanic stone, glass wool, rock wool, cellulose, recycled rubber, tire fibers, a mixture of at least two of these materials. It can be carried out in one or in several assembled elements. Advantageously, it is overmolded on the phonic elements.
• the sound barrier comprises at least one solid and continuous wall, for example made from at least one of the materials chosen from the group comprising wood, aerated concrete, a mixture of concrete and natural material and / or synthetic, polystyrene, polyurethane, cellulose, Duripanel®, steel.
• ballasting materials are advantageously chosen from the group comprising at least sand, natural or artificial stones, rubble, rocks.
• the frame is formed of uprights and external walls assembled and arranged to form a body open at the top and having stable dimensions and geometry.
• This box is advantageously made from at least one of the materials chosen from the group comprising metals and their alloys, aluminum and its alloys, wood, composite materials, synthetic materials, concrete.
• the frame advantageously comprises uprights or intermediate walls arranged to delimit at least one of the sound absorption and sound barrier zones.
• At least the front face of the frame is removable so as to free access to the sound zone, while retaining the geometric and dimensional stability of the prefabricated sound module.
• the sound module may include gripping means intended to cooperate with lifting means and arranged to support the weight of the prefabricated sound module.
• gripping means preferably consist of upper crosspieces forming spacers between the walls of the frame. So advantageous, at least part of the sound zone is housed in a flexible envelope provided in the body.
• At least part of the uprights and / or the walls are assembled by means of articulations arranged to allow the body to appear in two stable states; a storage state in which it is folded and defines a substantially flat surface capable of being superimposed and a state of use in which it is unfolded and forms the frame.
• the box may include a closing element arranged to keep the box in its state of use.
• the prefabricated sound module preferably comprises fixing means intended to secure it to at least one other prefabricated sound module to form an anti-noise wall.
• the prefabricated sound module is advantageously arranged to have a width of less than 75 cm and preferably less than 55 mm.
• the invention also relates to a noise barrier comprising an assembly of several prefabricated phonic modules produced as described above, these prefabricated phonic modules preferably being arranged adjacent to form superimposed rows.
• the noise barrier advantageously comprises a cap covering at least partially the top of the upper prefabricated sound modules, this cap being able to be made of a sound absorbing material.
• the invention finally relates to a method of manufacturing a noise barrier comprising at least the following steps: preparing prefabricated sound modules of predetermined dimensions as described above, transporting the prefabricated sound modules to the place of construction of the noise barrier where they are unloaded, the noise barrier is mounted by placing the prefabricated sound modules adjacent to form overlapping rows.
• foundations are made to which at least the first row of prefabricated sound modules are secured.
• the upper row of prefabricated sound modules is advantageously covered with a cap, for example made of a sound absorbing sound material.
• Figures 1 and 2 are schematic sectional views of two embodiments of prefabricated phonic modules according to the invention
• Figures 3 and 4 are perspective views of two prefabricated phonic modules according to the invention during manufacture
• the FIGS. 5 and 6 are schematic sectional views of two noise barriers according to the invention
• FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a noise barrier according to the invention.
• phonic materials means materials having good noise absorption characteristics.
• the prefabricated sound module la-d for noise barrier lOa-c comprises a frame 3a-d in which a sound area 2a-d and at least one ballast area 23a, b are provided.
• the primary function of the sound zone 2a-d is to limit the passage of noise from a sound source beyond the noise barrier lOa-c and thus protect the areas behind the noise barrier lOa-c d 'an increase in noise level.
• a secondary function of the phonic zone 2a-d is to avoid the reverberation, on the anti-noise wall lOa-c, of noises coming from the sound source, which would lead to an increase in the sound level in the noise emission zone .
• the ballast area 23a, b receives ballast materials to ballast the prefabricated seal module la-d and to promote its seat and stability.
• ballast materials are for example sand, natural or artificial stones, rubble, rocks or any other equivalent material.
• These ballast materials can contribute to the attenuation of the noises and can for this purpose be chosen with different particle sizes.
• the phonic zone 2a-d extends over the entire vertical section of the prefabricated sound module la-d, parallel to its front face, to provide an absorbent wall with a minimum of vacuum.
• the phonic zone 2a-d can be arranged at the front, at the rear or in an intermediate position of the prefabricated phonic module la-d.
• the phonic zone 2a-d comprises one or more phonic absorption zones 21a, 21b which partially fulfill the primary function of the phonic zone 2a-d by absorbing the noises coming from the sound source.
• the sound zone 2a-d further comprises one or more sound barriers 22a, 22c supplementing the efficiency of the prefabricated sound module 1a by blocking the passage of the noises remaining after the passage of the sound absorption zone 21a, 21b.
• the prefabricated phonic module 1a comprises a phonic zone 2a disposed tangentially to the frame 3a and a ballasting zone 23 a formed at the rear of this phonic zone 2a.
• the phonic zone 2a comprises a frontal phonic abstraction zone 21a behind which a phonic barrier 22a is placed.
• the sound absorption zone 21a may consist of a single sound element or of several discrete sound elements arranged adjacent to each other, in bulk or in an organized manner.
• These phonic elements shown diagrammatically in FIG. 1 by inverted Vs, can be made of wood, cellular concrete, a mixture of concrete and natural and / or synthetic material such as for example particles of recycled or non-recycled rubber, of polystyrene , polyurethane, stone, volcanic stone such as for example tuff stone, glass wool, rock wool, cellulose, recycled rubber, tire fibers, in any combination of at least two of these materials or any other similar material.
• These materials can be used in the form of a panel, block, assembled elements, loose particles.
• the tuff stone comes from a mixture of volcanic ash particles and dust cemented more or less layered and in various states of consolidation which makes it possible to obtain quite remarkable results in terms of noise abso ⁇ tion while remaining economically competitive.
• the sound absorption zone 21a can also include a wall having a honeycomb structure or any other suitable cellular and / or porous structure.
• the sound absorption zone 21a consists of discrete sound elements, they can be sealed to each other and / or to the sound barrier described below by definitive assembly means such as for example an adhesive, a cement, foam.
• the sound barrier can also be molded onto these discrete sound elements.
• the phonic barrier 22a has a solid and continuous wall made for example of wood, cellular concrete, in a mixture of concrete and natural and / or synthetic material, of polystyrene, of polyurethane, of cellulose, of Duripanel®, of steel for example galvanized or any other suitable material. It can also be carried out with one or more of the aforementioned materials which are presented in a discrete manner and agglomerated by a binder such as for example a cement, a foam, a resin, an adhesive and / or fixed to a support. It can also have several adjacent walls or be made up of several contiguous panels.
• the prefabricated phonic module lb comprises a phonic zone 2b and a ballast zone 23b substantially similar to those of FIG. 1.
• This prefabricated phonic module lb differs from the previous one by the fact that the zone phonic 2b has an air wall 24b disposed between the phonic absorption zone 21b and the phonic barrier 22b.
• This air wall 24b of a width of at least 5 mm and preferably between 10 and 40 mm, makes it possible to significantly increase the efficiency of the phonic zone 2b by acting as buffer for noises already clearly reduced after having crossed the sound absorption zone 21b.
• the sound absorption zone 21a may include protection against the weather on the outside of the prefabricated sound module la-d, for example a treatment, a coating such as a paint or varnish, a cover such as a film of synthetic material available between the frame and the front face of the sound absorption zone 21a.
• the sound barrier comprises a wall forming an L, the base of which serves to support the ballast materials.
• the prefabricated sound module may include two ballast areas framing the seal area or two sound zones framing at least one ballast area.
• the frame 3a-d of the prefabricated sound modules la-d is formed from profiles and walls assembled to form an open box. It may for example include profiles, crosspieces, boards, trellises, plates, made of metal or alloy, aluminum or alloy, wood, composite materials, synthetic materials or any other similar material.
• the reinforcement 3a-d can advantageously be galvanized to improve its resistance to bad weather and in the face of the attack of salt used in winter on the roads.
• the frame 3a-d is made of wood, this wood can be treated by autoclave and class IV.
• the frame 3a-d may finally include a closing frame or cover which can stiffen the body and allow the prefabricated sound module la-d to be transported safely, without the risk of falling ballast materials.
• the frame 3 c is made by assembling wooden profiles forming an open box in the upper part and whose dimensions and geometry are stable. This box has two wooden frames 30c, 31c provided with shutter slats 32c substantially parallel to each other.
• shutter slats 32c in order to obtain an original and aesthetic visual appearance, a part of the shutter slats 32c is arranged horizontally and the other part vertically.
• These shutter slats 32c can of course be arranged in any other arrangement, for example diagonally and / or all have the same orientation.
• the frames 30c, 31c define the front and rear walls of the prefabricated sound module le. They are interconnected by spacer slats 33c joining their lateral ends to define on the one hand the sides of the body and, on the other hand the bottom (not visible in this figure) of the body.
• the frame 3a comprises an intermediate frame 34c delimiting, at the front of the prefabricated sound module le, the sound area 2c and, at the rear, the ballasting area 23c.
• the internal structure of this prefabricated seal module 1c is substantially similar to that of the prefabricated seal module 1a described with reference to FIG. 1.
• the sound barrier 22c is formed by a panel for example made of Duripanel® pressed against the intermediate frame 34c.
• the frame 31c defining the front face of the body, is provided for dismantling so as to free access to the seal area 2c and in particular to the sound absorption area 21c, for example to check its condition and / or change it to all or part, while retaining the geometric and dimensional stability of the prefabricated seal module.
• the intermediate frame 34c can define an air wall separating the sound barrier 22c from the sound absorption zone or the sound zone 2c from the ballasting zone 23c and improving the noise absorption.
• the frame 3c may include gripping means (not shown) intended to cooperate with lifting means for lifting the prefabricated sound module such as for example spacer rods connecting the front and rear walls. Moreover, the frame 3c may include fixing means (not shown) intended to secure the prefabricated sound module le to at least one other prefabricated sound module la-d to form a noise barrier lOa-c described below with reference to FIGS. 5 to 7.
• the 3d frame is produced by assembling metal profiles and grids forming an open body in the upper part and whose dimensions and geometry are stable.
• This box has two frames 30d, 31d each provided with a grid 32d and defining the front and rear walls of the prefabricated sound module ld.
• the frames 30d, 31d are interconnected by pairs of horizontal crosspieces 33d carrying a grid 34d and arranged at their lateral ends to define the sides of the body.
• the 3d frame comprises an intermediate frame 35d provided with a grid and delimiting, at the front of the prefabricated sound module ld the sound area 2d and, at the rear, the ballasting area 23d.
• the different frames 30d are assembled by fixing rods through spacers 36d provided at their end with nuts 37d or bolts allowing them to be joined to form the body.
• the fixing rods and their spacers 36b further define upper crosspieces advantageously serving as gripping means for lifting the prefabricated sound module ld in particular after being filled.
• a grid (not shown) placed on the lower fixing rods 36b defines the bottom of the box.
• the internal structure of this prefabricated sound module ld is substantially similar to that of the prefabricated sound module described with reference to FIG. 1.
• the seal barrier is formed by a panel, for example steel, made of Duripanel® pressed against the intermediate frame 35d.
• the frame 31d defining the front face of the body is designed to be dismountable so as to free access to the sound zone, while retaining the geometric and dimensional stability of the prefabricated sound module.
• the intermediate frame 35d can define an air wall separating the seal barrier not shown from the seal abso d'abtion zone or the seal zone 2c from the ballast zone 23c and improving the noise abso ⁇ tion as in FIG. 2.
• the materials used to form the seal area are partly or entirely housed in a flexible envelope provided in the box.
• the profiles and / or the walls of the box can be assembled by means of articulations allowing the box to appear in two stable states; a storage state in which it is folded and defines a substantially flat surface capable of being supe ⁇ osed and a state of use in which it is unfolded and forms the frame.
• one or more walls of the prefabricated sound module can be pivotally mounted around articulations of the pivot type and connected by a closure frame.
• the walls are thus mobile around their joints between two stable states; a flat storage state and a volume use state.
• the box In the storage state, the box is unfolded and defines a substantially flat surface allowing it to be supe ⁇ osed to other similar boxes and in the same state in order to be stored and transported more easily.
• the walls of the box are pivoted relative to the base, raised on both sides.
• the closing frame is then fitted above the free ends of the wall uprights so as to secure them.
• the assembly can be locked, for example by welding, gluing, pinning, riveting or any other suitable means.
• the box can be formed of several individual walls assembled together by means of interlocking.
• the closure frame can be closed to prevent the ballast materials from leaving the ballast area.
• the frame comprises gripping means such as flexible links, chains, hoops, handles sufficiently resistant to support the weight of the prefabricated sound module la-d and allow its gripping and its displacement at using lifting means such as for example a crane, a hoist.
• the flexible gripping means allow the supe ⁇ osition of the prefabricated sound modules la-d without the need to dismantle or cut them.
• the box can also be formed from mechanically welded elements forming a rigid structure and be provided with grip handles. Finally, it can be made of reinforced concrete.
• the prefabricated sound modules la-d include fixing means (not shown) intended to join them together to form a noise barrier lOa-c as described below.
• fixing means are for example screwing, gluing, welding, strapping, sealing.
• the noise barrier 10a consists of prefabricated sound modules substantially similar to that of Figure 3, arranged adjacent to form supe ⁇ osées rows.
• the first row of prefabricated sound modules is placed on a concrete base 14 serving as foundations.
• the base makes it possible in particular to isolate the wooden prefabricated sound modules from rising damp coming from the ground.
• the first two rows of prefabricated sound modules are surrounded by a strip 15 whose ends are embedded, on either side of the prefabricated sound modules in reservations 16 filled with concrete.
• the noise barrier 10b consists of prefabricated sound modules ld substantially similar to that of Figure 4, arranged adjacent to form rows supe ⁇ osés.
• the first row of prefabricated sound modules 1d is partially embedded in the foundations 17, the lower part 18 of which is provided with metal frames.
• the first two rows of prefabricated sound modules 1d are framed by posts 19 whose bases are embedded in the foundations.
• FIG. 7 represents a noise barrier wall 10c produced with prefabricated phonic modules 1a substantially similar to those of FIG. 1. It comprises three rows of prefabricated phonic modules 1a arranged in staggered rows, supe ⁇ osed on three floors, the last of which is covered by a cap 11 , preferably made of a sound material to increase the power of sound absorption of the noise barrier wall 10c by preventing the noise from passing through it.
• This cap 11 also makes it possible to make difficult or even impossible access to the ballast area 23a filled with ballast materials to possible perpetrators of malicious acts.
• the prefabricated sound modules 1a can be joined together by screwing, gluing, welding, strapping or by any other equivalent means and the spaces separating them are filled or covered by seals 12, for example in the form of rubber lips.
• the noise barrier comprises prefabricated sound modules arranged differently, for example the prefabricated sound modules of a stage being aligned with respect to those of the lower stage.
• the noise barrier lOa-c is produced by means of the manufacturing process comprising the following steps. Firstly, prefabricated phonic modules 1a-d of predetermined dimensions are prepared as described above.
• the prefabricated sound modules are transported la-d to the place of construction of said noise barrier lOa-c where they are discharged. To do this, they are seized individually or in a group, by means of their gripping means 36d, using for example a crane to load them onto the platform of a truck. On site, the prefabricated sound modules la-d can be used directly or stored in a storage area provided for this purpose. We can also arrange the prefabricated sound modules la-d fully or partially filled. In the second case, after having aligned the prefabricated sound modules la-d, their ballast area 23a-d, left free behind the sound area, is filled with ballast materials.
• foundations are made to which the first row of prefabricated sound modules la-d are joined.
• the noise barrier lOa-c can be mounted on an area stabilized by solid frost-free foundations and a concrete cleaning layer.
• the prefabricated phonic modules la-d are placed adjacent in rows supe ⁇ osed so as to present their phonic zones 2a-d substantially parallel to the front face of the noise barrier lOa-c.
• the prefabricated phonic modules la-d can be joined together and / or seals 12 are put in place to limit the passage of noise between the prefabricated phonic modules la-d.
• the prefabricated sound module la-d, the noise barrier lOa-c and its manufacturing process meet the set goals. They are particularly simple and inexpensive. They allow the realization in record time of noise barriers lOa-c very effective in terms of noise absorption. For example, it was possible to complete a complete site by installing more than 100 m 2 of noise barrier per day for three people and with a crane.
• the prefabricated sound modules la-d being self-supporting, it is no longer necessary to provide anchoring posts to support them, thereby saving time and money.
• the prefabricated phonic modules la-d being ready for use, the site is reduced to its simplest expression in terms of space since it is no longer necessary to provide a storage area or an assembly area .
• the prefabricated sound modules la-d II can be prepared and filled in an area outside the site and then brought to the site of use, directly ready for use.
• the prefabricated sound modules la-d according to the invention are provided with a seal zone comprising a sound absorption zone absorbing noise and a sound barrier blocking the passage of noise.
• a seal zone comprising a sound absorption zone absorbing noise and a sound barrier blocking the passage of noise.

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• 2003
  • 2003-11-26 FR FR0313874A patent/FR2862670B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2004
  • 2004-11-26 WO PCT/IB2004/003888 patent/WO2005052261A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2004-11-26 EP EP04798991A patent/EP1706540A1/de not_active Withdrawn

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