EP1692392B1 - Injecteur de carburant a commande de pointeau directe - Google Patents

Injecteur de carburant a commande de pointeau directe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1692392B1
EP1692392B1 EP04762764A EP04762764A EP1692392B1 EP 1692392 B1 EP1692392 B1 EP 1692392B1 EP 04762764 A EP04762764 A EP 04762764A EP 04762764 A EP04762764 A EP 04762764A EP 1692392 B1 EP1692392 B1 EP 1692392B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
booster
pressure
valve member
injection valve
fuel injector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04762764A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1692392A1 (fr
Inventor
Friedrich Boecking
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1692392A1 publication Critical patent/EP1692392A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1692392B1 publication Critical patent/EP1692392B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/16—Sealing of fuel injection apparatus not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
    • F02M2200/703—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
    • F02M61/12—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type characterised by the provision of guiding or centring means for valve bodies

Definitions

  • the injection pressure is provided via a high-pressure accumulator. Due to the large amount of fuel in the high-pressure accumulator compared to the injection quantity, pressure fluctuations during the injection process are avoided.
  • the operation of the fuel injectors is carried out hydraulically with the fuel provided via the high-pressure accumulator.
  • Fuel injectors as used in the prior art for high-pressure storage systems for example, from Mollenhauer, Manual Diesel Engines, 2nd edition, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 2002 known.
  • both the opening and closing operations are hydraulically controlled.
  • a control chamber in which fuel is under injection pressure closed by a control valve.
  • the fuel pressure acts on the rear side of a control piston, which acts into the control chamber, and on a pressure shoulder on an injection valve closing the injection openings.
  • the hydraulic force on the back of the control piston of the hydraulic force acting on the pressure shoulder opposite. Due to the larger area on the control piston, the nozzle remains closed.
  • the control valve opens the control chamber, the pressure in the control chamber is reduced and the hydraulic force on the pressure shoulder is greater than the pressure force acting on the back of the control piston. This causes the injection valve member to open.
  • the fuel supply takes place both of the control chamber and a pressure chamber from which the fuel passes through injection openings in the combustion chamber, via leads in the injector.
  • the Hubüber GmbHs has a translator housing in which two mutually movable reciprocating piston are guided.
  • the reciprocating piston include a translator chamber through a piston-in-piston arrangement.
  • the translator housing is fixed by means of a weld on the injector housing.
  • a fuel injector with a servohydraulic control valve which is actuated by a piezoelectric actuator and acts by means of a coupling device on a valve element.
  • the coupler device has a housing in which an upper coupler piston connected to a piezoactuator and a lower coupler piston acting on the valve element are guided.
  • the housing is supported by means of a spring element on a housing part, in which the valve element is received.
  • Another fuel injector with a servohydraulic control valve is off WO 03/038 269 A1 known.
  • the coupling device for transmitting power from a piezoelectric actuator to a valve element is arranged freely in an actuator space and surrounded by the system pressure of the common rail.
  • An inventively designed fuel injector for internal combustion engines with high-pressure fuel storage comprises a pressure booster and an injection valve member.
  • the injection valve member is preferably divided into a translator section, a guide section and a needle section, wherein the needle section of the injection valve member closes at least one injection opening or releases it for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • the pressure booster of the fuel injector is accommodated in a booster housing and is supported on a spring element surrounded by the booster housing. With its other side, the spring element is supported on a step formed on the translator housing, whereby the translator housing is fixed on a nozzle housing part enclosing the injection valve member.
  • Suitable spring elements are, in particular, tube springs, but it is also possible to use spiral springs or other ring-shaped spring elements.
  • the pressure booster, the booster housing and an actuator used for actuating the fuel injector are enclosed by an injector housing part, which is preferably non-positively connected by means of a nozzle lock nut, with the nozzle housing part.
  • the actuator used to control the fuel injector is preferably a piezoelectric actuator.
  • piezoelectric actuator In addition to the piezoelectric actuator but also electromagnet or hydraulic / mechanical actuator can be used.
  • the translator portion of the injection valve member is enclosed by a sleeve in which the injection valve member is guided.
  • a biting edge educated At one end of the sleeve facing the translator housing is a biting edge educated.
  • a spring element which acts on one of the biting edge opposite end side of the sleeve, the biting edge of the sleeve is pressed against the shoulder of the translator housing. This creates a pressure and thus liquid-tight connection.
  • the other side of the spring element, which surrounds the translator portion of the injection valve member rests on a ring which is arranged in a recess between the translator portion and the guide portion of the injection valve member.
  • a rotationally symmetrical booster chamber is enclosed, which is bounded on its side facing the actuator by a lower end face of the pressure booster and at its at least one injection port of the fuel injector side facing by an end face of the compiler region of the injection valve member.
  • the operation of the fuel injector is carried out hydraulically with fuel under system pressure.
  • the system pressure is preferably in the range of 1300 to 1600 bar.
  • the under system pressure fuel flows from the high-pressure fuel storage via a fuel supply line in an annular space surrounding the actuator. From the annular space, the fuel flows through a gap between the pressure booster and the inner wall of the Injektorgekoruseteils in a first spring chamber surrounding the booster housing. From there, the fuel flows through at least one groove in the stage of the booster housing on which the spring element is supported, and which serves as a guide of the booster housing, in Injektorgekoruseteil, via grooves in the nozzle housing part and an annular gap between the inner wall of the nozzle housing part and the outer wall of the sleeve in a second spring space.
  • the fuel passes along a polished section in the guide section of the injection valve member into a pressure chamber surrounding the needle section of the injection valve member.
  • both the annular space, the first spring chamber, the second spring chamber and the pressure chamber are filled with fuel under system pressure.
  • the filling of the booster chamber is preferably carried out by guide leakage between the inner surface of the sleeve and the translator portion of the injection valve member or by guide leakage between the booster housing and the pressure booster.
  • the pressure in the compiler room changes.
  • the pressure in the interpreter room can be different from the system pressure and thus also differ from the pressure in the annular space surrounding the interpreter room. For this reason, it is necessary that the connection formed by the biting edge on the sleeve between the sleeve and the shoulder in the transmission housing is pressure-tight.
  • the piezoelectric actuator is energized.
  • the crystals expand in the piezoelectric actuator and the piezo actuator lengthens.
  • the piezoactuator acts directly on an upper end face of the pressure booster, whereby it enters the interrupter room when the piezoelectric actuator is energized. This reduces the volume of the interpreter room and increases the pressure in the interpreter room. Due to the increasing pressure in the translator room increases the hydraulic force acting on the end face of the translator portion of the injection valve member to. As a result, the injection valve member is moved in the direction of the at least one injection opening and closes it.
  • the spring element surrounding the translator section of the injection valve member assists in the closing process.
  • the energization of the piezoelectric actuator is canceled.
  • the piezo crystals contract and the piezo actuator contracts.
  • the pressure booster moves out of the interpreter room, which increases its volume. Supporting the movement of the pressure booster, the spring housing surrounding the translator housing acts, which is supported on one step on the pressure booster.
  • the pressure in the translator room is decreasing. This also reduces the force acting on the end face of the translator portion of the injection valve member hydraulic force.
  • At pressure stages on the injection valve member acts a hydraulic force, which is opposite to the hydraulic force acting on the end face of the booster portion of the injection valve member.
  • the needle section of the injection valve member lifts out of its sealing seat and thus releases the at least one injection opening.
  • the single FIGURE shows a section through an inventively designed fuel injector.
  • FIG. 1 shows a fuel injector designed in accordance with the invention.
  • a fuel injector 1 designed according to the invention fuel first passes from a fuel reservoir 2 by means of a high-pressure pump 3 via a high-pressure line 4 into a high-pressure fuel accumulator 5.
  • Connections 6 which correspond to the number of cylinders of the internal combustion engine are arranged at the high-pressure fuel accumulator 5.
  • Each of the terminals 6 is connected via a fuel feed line 7 with a fuel injector 1 designed according to the invention.
  • the fuel injector 1 comprises a pressure booster 8 configured as a booster piston, which is guided in a booster housing 9, and an injection valve member 10.
  • the injection valve member 10 is stepped into a booster section 11, a guide section 12 and a needle section 13.
  • the pressure booster 8, the booster housing 9 and the injection valve member 10 are accommodated in a housing.
  • the housing is divided into an injector housing part 14 and a nozzle housing part 15.
  • the connection of the Injektorgepuruseteils 14 and the nozzle housing part 15 is preferably carried out non-positively by means of a nozzle clamping nut, not shown here.
  • the fuel injector 1 comprises an injection opening 16, which can be closed by the needle section 13 of the injection valve member 10.
  • the needle section 13 of the injection valve member 10 is placed against a sealing edge 17 arranged above the injection opening 16.
  • An exclusively axial movement for opening and closing the at least one injection opening 16 is ensured by the fact that the injection valve member 10 is guided with its guide section 12 in a needle guide 18 arranged in the nozzle housing part 15.
  • the translator portion 11 of the injection valve member 10 is enclosed by a sleeve 19, which also serves as a needle guide.
  • the sleeve 19 serves as a lateral boundary of a booster chamber 20.
  • the sleeve 19 is provided with a biting edge 21 which is pressed against a shoulder 22 of the booster housing 9.
  • a fluid and thus pressure-tight connection of the sleeve 19 is achieved with the shoulder 22 of the booster housing 9.
  • a spring element 24 is supported.
  • the spring element 24 is annular and surrounds the translator portion 11 of the injection valve member 10.
  • spring elements 24 are suitable For example, coil springs, coil springs or other known to those skilled, annularly shaped spring elements. With its other side, the spring element 24 is supported against a ring 25, which is preferably arranged in a recess 26 which is located between the translator section 11 and the guide section 12 of the injection valve member 10.
  • the booster housing 9 is surrounded by a second spring element 27, which is supported on one side on a step 28 on the booster housing 9 and on the other side on a ring 29 which bears against a step 30 on the pressure booster 8.
  • the step 28 serves at the same time as a guide of the booster housing 9 in the injector housing part 14.
  • the spring element 27 is accommodated in a first spring chamber 32, which is arranged between the booster housing 9 and the inner wall 33 of the injector housing part 14.
  • at least one groove 34 which is preferably axially aligned, is received.
  • the first spring chamber 32 with a the translator section 11 of the injection valve member 10 surrounding the second spring chamber 39 in hydraulic communication.
  • the at least one groove 34 and the grooves 35 in paragraph 31 of the nozzle housing part 15 are preferably aligned so that their positions coincide radially and axially.
  • the second spring chamber 39 is connected via at least one channel, which is formed between at least one bevel 40 in the guide portion 12 of the injection valve member 10 and the needle guide 18, in hydraulic communication with a pressure chamber 41st
  • actuator a piezoelectric actuator 43 is preferably used. But there are also electromagnet or hydraulic / mechanical actuator.
  • the operation of the fuel injector 1 takes place hydraulically with fuel under system pressure.
  • the fuel is provided by the high-pressure fuel storage 5.
  • the fuel flows into an annular space 44, which surrounds the piezoelectric actuator 43.
  • Via a gap 45 between the pressure booster 8 and the inner wall 33 of the Injektorgepurteils 14 of fuel under system pressure enters the first spring chamber 32.
  • the at least one groove 34, the grooves 35 in paragraph 31 of the nozzle housing part 15 and the annular gap 36 of the fuel flows in the second spring chamber 39. From there, the fuel passes along the at least one bevel 40 in the nozzle chamber 41.
  • the system pressure is preferably in the range of 1300 to 1600 bar.
  • the piezoelectric actuator 43 For closing the at least one injection opening 16, the piezoelectric actuator 43 is energized. As a result, the piezocrystals in the piezoelectric actuator 43 expand and the piezoelectric actuator 43 lengthens. The fact that the piezoelectric actuator 43 acts directly on the upper end face 42 of the pressure booster 8, the pressure booster 8 is moved against the direction of movement indicated by the arrow 46 with a lower end face 47 in the booster chamber 20. This reduces the volume in the booster chamber 20, thereby increasing the pressure therein. This increases the hydraulic force acting on an end face 48 on the translator section 11 of the injection valve member 10.
  • the hydraulic force acting on the end face 48 is a hydraulic force acting on a first pressure stage 49 on the ring 25, on a second pressure stage 50 between the guide portion 12 and the needle portion 13 of the injection valve member 10, and on a third pressure stage 51 in the needle portion 13 of the injection valve member 10 opposite direction.
  • the hydraulic force acting on the end face 48 is greater than the hydraulic force acting on the first pressure stage 49, the second pressure stage 50 and the third pressure stage 51, the injection valve member 10 is placed against the sealing edge 17 and closes the at least one injection opening 16 a combustion chamber 52 of the internal combustion engine.
  • the closing of the at least one injection opening 16 is supported by the spring force of the spring element 24.
  • the spring element 24 acts on one of the first pressure stage 49 opposite end face 54 of the ring 25th
  • the energization of the piezoelectric actuator 43 is canceled.
  • the piezocrystals contract and the piezoactuator 43 contracts.
  • Supported by the force exerted by the spring element 27 spring force of the pressure booster 8 moves in the direction indicated by the arrow 46 movement direction.
  • the lower end face 47 of the pressure booster 8 moves out of the booster chamber 20, which increases its volume. Due to the increasing volume of the booster chamber 20, the pressure in the booster chamber 20 decreases. Since the pressure in the booster chamber 20 in this case drops below the system pressure, it is necessary that the connection between the sleeve 19 and the shoulder 22nd in the translator housing 9 is pressure-tight.
  • the filling of the booster chamber 20 takes place by guide leakage between the booster housing 9 and the pressure booster 8 and between the inside 43 of the sleeve 19 and the booster section 11 of the injection valve member 10th
  • the piezoelectric actuator 43 For closing the at least one injection opening 16, the piezoelectric actuator 43 is energized again. The piezocrystals thereby expand and the piezoactuator 43 lengthens. As a result, the pressure booster 8 again moves against the direction of movement indicated by the arrow 46 into the booster chamber 20, which reduces the volume of the booster chamber 20. This in turn increases the pressure in the booster chamber 20 and thus the force acting on the end face 48 of the booster section 11 of the injection valve member 10 hydraulic force. At the same time, the hydraulic force acting on the first pressure stage 49, the second pressure stage 50 and the third pressure stage 51 remains constant, since the second spring chamber 39 and the pressure chamber 41 are acted upon by a system pressure that remains constant.
  • the injection valve member 10 moves in the direction of the at least one injection port 16 and is placed on the sealing edge 17. As a result, the at least one injection opening 16 is closed and the injection process is terminated in the combustion chamber 52.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Injecteur de carburant pour des moteurs à combustion interne comportant un accumulateur de carburant à haute pression (5), une partie de boîtier d'injecteur (14), une partie de boîtier de buse (16), un convertisseur de pression (8) et un organe d'injecteur (10) ayant au moins un segment de démultiplication (11) et au moins un segment d'aiguille (13) fermant au moins un orifice d'injection (16), le démultiplicateur de pression (8) étant logé dans un boîtier de démultiplicateur (9) et un volume de démultiplicateur (20) est délimité au niveau de deux côtés opposés par une surface frontale inférieure (47) du démultiplicateur de pression (8) et par une surface frontale (48) du segment de démultiplicateur (11) de l'organe d'injecteur (10),
    caractérisé en ce que
    le démultiplicateur de pression (8) s'appuie contre un élément de ressort (27) entourant le boîtier de démultiplicateur (9) et par son autre côté, l'élément de ressort (27) s'appuie sur un épaulement formé sur le boîtier de démultiplicateur (9) pour bloquer le boîtier de démultiplicateur (9) sur une partie de boîtier de buse (15) entourant l'organe d'injecteur (10).
  2. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le boîtier de démultiplicateur (9) est entouré par la partie de boîtier d'injecteur (14).
  3. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'injecteur (1) est commandé par un actionneur piézo-électrique (43).
  4. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'actionneur piézo-électrique (43) agit directement sur la surface frontale supérieure (42) du démultiplicateur de pression (8).
  5. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le segment de démultiplicateur (11) de l'organe d'injecteur (10) est entouré par un manchon (19).
  6. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le manchon (19) délimite latéralement une chambre de démultiplication (20) et la ferme de manière étanche.
  7. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 6,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le manchon (19) comporte une arête vive (21) poussée par un élément de ressort (24) entourant le segment de démultiplication (11) de l'organe d'injecteur (10) contre un épaulement (22) du boîtier de démultiplicateur (9) et formant ainsi une délimitation latéralement étanche pour la chambre de démultiplication (20).
  8. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'organe d'injecteur (10) comporte un segment de guidage (12) avec au moins une partie meulée (40).
  9. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 8,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le segment de guidage (12) de l'organe d'injecteur (10) est guidé dans un guide d'aiguille (18) de la partie de boîtier de buse (15).
  10. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le boîtier de démultiplication est guidé par un gradin (28) dans la partie de boîtier d'injecteur (14).
  11. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    une première chambre à ressort (32) entourant le boîtier de démultiplicateur (9) et une seconde chambre à ressort (39) entourant le segment de démultiplication (11) de l'organe d'injecteur (10) sont reliées par une liaison hydraulique, par au moins une rainure (34) dans le gradin (28), un intervalle annulaire (36) et des rainures (35) dans la partie de boîtier de buses (15).
  12. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    une chambre de pression (41) entourant le segment d'aiguille (13) de l'organe d'injecteur (10) et la seconde chambre à ressort (39) entourant le segment de démultiplication (11) de l'organe d'injecteur (10) sont reliées hydrauliquement par au moins la partie meulée (40) du segment de guidage (12) de l'organe d'injecteur (10).
  13. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la pression du système règne dans la première chambre de ressort (32), dans la seconde chambre de ressort (39) et dans la chambre de pression (41).
  14. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la chambre de démultiplication (20) est alimentée en carburant par les fuites de guidage entre le manchon (19) et le segment de démultiplication (11) de l'organe d'injecteur (10) ou entre le boîtier de démultiplicateur (9) et le démultiplicateur de pression (8).
EP04762764A 2003-11-12 2004-09-07 Injecteur de carburant a commande de pointeau directe Expired - Lifetime EP1692392B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10352736A DE10352736A1 (de) 2003-11-12 2003-11-12 Kraftstoffinjektor mit direkter Nadeleinspritzung
PCT/DE2004/001982 WO2005050002A1 (fr) 2003-11-12 2004-09-07 Injecteur de carburant a commande de pointeau directe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1692392A1 EP1692392A1 (fr) 2006-08-23
EP1692392B1 true EP1692392B1 (fr) 2007-11-14

Family

ID=34608941

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04762764A Expired - Lifetime EP1692392B1 (fr) 2003-11-12 2004-09-07 Injecteur de carburant a commande de pointeau directe

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20070131800A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1692392B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4197337B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR20060103894A (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0409324A (fr)
DE (2) DE10352736A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005050002A1 (fr)

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US20070131800A1 (en) 2007-06-14
DE10352736A1 (de) 2005-07-07
WO2005050002A1 (fr) 2005-06-02
BRPI0409324A (pt) 2006-04-25
EP1692392A1 (fr) 2006-08-23
JP4197337B2 (ja) 2008-12-17
KR20060103894A (ko) 2006-10-04
DE502004005534D1 (de) 2007-12-27
JP2006513366A (ja) 2006-04-20

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