EP2136067A1 - Injecteur de carburant - Google Patents

Injecteur de carburant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2136067A1
EP2136067A1 EP09100211A EP09100211A EP2136067A1 EP 2136067 A1 EP2136067 A1 EP 2136067A1 EP 09100211 A EP09100211 A EP 09100211A EP 09100211 A EP09100211 A EP 09100211A EP 2136067 A1 EP2136067 A1 EP 2136067A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
control valve
fuel injector
chamber
valve element
injector according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09100211A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hans-Christoph Magel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2136067A1 publication Critical patent/EP2136067A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • F02M63/0026—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/0043—Two-way valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
    • F02M2200/703—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injector, in particular a common rail injector, for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a fuel injector in which the injection valve element with the aid of a pressure-balanced in the axial direction control valve (servo-valve) is controllable.
  • the control valve in turn can be actuated directly by means of a piezoelectric actuator.
  • a bolt-shaped control valve To open the control valve, a bolt-shaped control valve must travel a minimum stroke. In order to represent this minimum stroke by means of acting directly on the control valve element piezo actuator, this must be made very long.
  • Such a piezoelectric actuator is not only costly, but also requires in any case scarce space.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a fuel injector with a control valve which is actuated by means of a short piezoelectric actuator.
  • the invention has recognized that only relatively small adjustment forces can be realized with short piezoelectric actuators.
  • the short piezoelectric actuator is combined with a control valve which is at least approximately, preferably completely, pressure-balanced in its closed position in the axial direction, ie in the adjustment direction.
  • the invention proposes that the piezoelectric actuator does not act directly on the in its closed position in the axial direction, at least approximately, pressure-balanced control valve, but that between the piezoelectric actuator and the Control valve element is provided a hydraulic path translator.
  • control valve element or a permanently connected to this component is a direct component of the path translator (pressure / distance translator), in which the control valve or permanently connected to him component, preferably in the axial direction, a compiler room of the Pressure intensifier limited.
  • the booster chamber is preferably in the low-pressure region of the fuel injector and is completely filled with fuel. It is therefore proposed to arrange the translator of the path translator directly to the back of the control valve element.
  • control valve element is guided in an axially adjustable manner in a valve body, wherein the valve body itself Translator space limited in an area adjacent to the control valve element.
  • the booster chamber is bounded radially outwardly by a spring-loaded sleeve.
  • the sleeve is supported on the above-mentioned valve body, wherein the spring force-urging spring is preferably arranged such that it biases the piezoelectric actuator, in particular its piezoelectric stack, and thus provides for a provision of the piezoelectric actuator after the voltage applied to him electrical voltage, preferably to zero, has been reduced.
  • the compiler space is limited by a coupler piston, preferably on the opposite side of the control valve element.
  • the coupler piston is preferably operatively connected to the piezoelectric actuator, preferably by the coupler piston is supported on the foot of the piezoelectric actuator.
  • the compiler space limiting, effective piston area must be greater than the corresponding boundary surface of the control valve element. In the case of providing a the translator radially outwardly limiting sleeve, this can simultaneously perform a guide function for the arranged with axial distance to the valve body coupler piston.
  • the coupler piston in a bore of the valve body is guided, the coupler space is thus preferably formed completely within the valve body, in which also the control valve member is axially guided.
  • a stepped bore is preferably introduced into the valve body, wherein the valve piston fills the larger bore cross section and the control valve element fills the smaller bore cross section.
  • the sealing point is critical because in the interpreter room a cyclically changing overpressure is built up, which leads to a fretting of the sealing point.
  • the sleeve reduces by their expansion, the rigidity of the power transmission and thus leads to a loss of switching performance.
  • the guidance of the coupler piston in the valve body results in a simpler injector design with a reduced number of parts.
  • the leadership of the coupler piston has no critical sealing point more and is designed to be more stable, thereby switching losses are minimized.
  • an embodiment of the control valve element is preferred as a piston, on the outer circumference of a, preferably annular groove, valve chamber is formed, which is hydraulically connected to a limited of the injection valve element control chamber.
  • the hydraulic connecting channel (outlet channel) between the control chamber and the valve chamber preferably one, in particular cavitating, Outflow throttle provided.
  • a guide diameter of the control valve element and the diameter of a control valve seat must be at least approximately equal. In this case, there is no force in the opening direction due to the high-pressure fuel in the closed position of the control valve element in the valve chamber.
  • To open the control valve element only friction and the spring force of a control closing spring must be overcome by means of the piezoelectric actuator in combination with the path translator.
  • an embodiment is preferred in which a, in particular ring-shaped, discharge chamber is provided axially spaced from the booster chamber via which the leakage amount flowing out of the valve chamber through the guide gap between the control valve element and the valve body can be guided into the low-pressure area outside the booster chamber.
  • the discharge chamber at least partially, preferably completely, is introduced into the outer periphery of the, preferably bolt-shaped, control valve element.
  • control valve element is associated with a control closing spring, which on the injection valve element facing the end face of the control valve element is arranged attacking.
  • an embodiment is preferred in which the settings are made so that in the low-pressure region prevails a low back pressure level, which ensures a permanent filling of the booster room. It is particularly preferred if this counter-pressure level is selected in the range of about 10 bar.
  • a throttle (preferably with low throttle effect) is provided to optimize the closing speed of the injection valve element.
  • the pressure chamber is preferably the pressure chamber surrounding the control chamber of the control valve radially on the outside, from which fuel can flow directly in the axial direction to the nozzle hole arrangement when the control valve element is open.
  • Fig. 1 is a designed as a common-rail injector fuel injector 1 for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber, not shown, of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle.
  • a high pressure pump 2 delivers fuel from a reservoir 3 in a high-pressure fuel storage 4 (Rail). In this fuel, especially diesel or gasoline, under high pressure, of about 2000 bar in this embodiment, stored.
  • the fuel injector 1 is connected to other, not shown, fuel injectors via a supply line 5, which opens into a supply channel 6 in the fuel injector 1. Via the supply channel 6, supplied fuel can flow through a throttle 7 into a pressure chamber 8 (high-pressure region) of the fuel injector 1 and from there during an injection process directly into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel injector 1 is connected via a return line 9 to the reservoir 3. Via the return line 9, a later to be explained control amount of fuel from the fuel injector 1 to flow to the reservoir 3 and fed from there from the high pressure circuit again.
  • a nozzle body 10 is a one-piece in this embodiment injection valve element 11, which may be designed in several parts if necessary, adjustable in the axial direction.
  • the injection valve element 11 is guided within the nozzle body 10 at its outer periphery.
  • the nozzle body 10 is clamped by means of a union nut 12 against an actuator body 13. Axially between the actuator body 13, a valve body 14 and an axially adjacent thereto throttle body 15 are arranged, wherein the valve body 14 and the throttle body 15 are clamped between the Aktuator emotions 13 and the nozzle body 10.
  • the injection valve element 11 has at its tip 16 a closing surface 17, with which the injection valve element 11 can be brought into a tight contact with an injection valve element seat 18 formed inside the nozzle body 10.
  • an injection valve element seat 18 formed inside the nozzle body 10.
  • fuel from the nozzle chamber 8 can be formed by axial channels 21 formed in a guide section 20 on the outer circumference of the injection valve element 11 in a lower annular space formed between the injection valve element 11 and the nozzle body 10 in the drawing plane the injection valve element seat 18 to flow past the nozzle hole assembly 19 and there are injected substantially under high pressure (rail pressure) standing in the combustion chamber.
  • a control chamber 26 is limited, via an axially arranged in the throttle body 15 inlet throttle 27 and a formed in the bottom of the valve body 14 pocket 28 is supplied to the supply channel 6 with fuel under high pressure.
  • the supply channel 6 passes through both the actuator body 13 and the valve body 14 and extends axially adjacent to the pocket 28 in the axial direction within the throttle body 15 to the pressure chamber 8. Since the sleeve member 23 with enclosed therein control chamber 26 radially outward of under high pressure fuel is enclosed, is an annular guide gap 29 radially between the sleeve member 23 and the injection valve member 11 comparatively fuel-tight.
  • the control chamber 26 is connected to a valve chamber 32, which is formed as an annular groove on the outer circumference of a piston-shaped control valve element 33 via a sectionally extending in the throttle body 15 in the axial direction, adjacent to the inlet throttle 27, drain passage 30 with outlet throttle 31.
  • the control valve element 33 is part of a control valve 34 (servo-valve).
  • the axially displaceably guided in the valve body 14 control valve member 33 is pressure balanced in the axial direction, ie in the direction of its (lower) opening position in its closed position shown in the axial direction. This is due to the fact that the diameter of its formed on the underside of the valve body 14 Control valve seat 35 corresponds to the guide diameter of the control valve element 33 in an axially spaced portion within the valve body 14.
  • the control valve element 33 is spring-loaded in the axial direction against its control valve seat 35 by means of a control closing spring 36.
  • the control closing spring 36 is supported on a lower, the injection valve element 11 facing end face 37 of the piston-shaped control valve element 33 and at the bottom of a formed in the throttle body 15 chamber 38 from.
  • the chamber 38 is part of the low-pressure region of the injector and connected via a radial passage 39 with an annular chamber 40, which extends in the axial direction laterally along the nozzle body, the throttle body and the valve body.
  • the annular chamber 40 is connected via an inserted in the valve body 14 radial passage 41 and an opening into this Axialkanal 42 with an actuator body 13 formed in the actuator space 43 in which a short piezoelectric actuator 44 is arranged in a suitable manner against fuel corrosion, for example with a coating or protected with a sleeve (not shown).
  • the piezoelectric actuator 44 comprises an electrical voltage lead out of the actuator body 13 voltage connection 45.
  • an actuator head 46 With an actuator head 46, the piezoelectric actuator 44 is supported on the head of the actuator 43 space.
  • On the Aktuatorkopf 46 includes in the axial direction down to a piezo stack 47, which is fixed to an actuator 48.
  • the Aktuatorfuß 48 in turn lies in the axial direction on a coupler piston 49, which is part of a path translator 50.
  • the coupler piston 49 is spring-loaded by a compression spring 51 in the axial direction upward against the piezoelectric actuator 44, wherein the Compression spring 51 at a lower annular shoulder 52 of the coupler piston 49 and at an upper end face 53 (ring side) of a sleeve 54 is supported.
  • the sleeve 54 is provided at its lower end side with a biting edge and is supported on a plane in the drawing upper side of the valve body 14.
  • the sleeve 54 is located entirely within the actuator space 43.
  • a fuel-filled booster chamber 55 is realized, which is bounded in the axial direction by a bottom 56 of the coupler piston 49 and opposite from an upper side 57 of the control valve element 33.
  • the surface extension of the underside 65 is greater than the surface extension of the top 57, so that even a minimal axial displacement of the operatively connected as described with the piezoelectric actuator 44 coupler piston 49 causes a large displacement (stroke) of the control valve element 33.
  • the piezoelectric actuator 44 If the piezoelectric actuator 44 is energized, it expands and presses the coupler piston 49 in the plane of the drawing down into the fuel-filled booster chamber 55. As a result, the control valve element 33 is moved in the drawing plane downwards in the opening direction of its control valve seat 35 away.
  • the energization of the piezoelectric actuator 44 is interrupted.
  • the spring force of the compression spring 51 is sufficient to tension the piezoelectric actuator 44 and to move the coupler piston 49 out of the booster chamber 55 a little way out.
  • the control valve member 33 moves in the drawing plane upwardly assisted by the control closing spring 36, whereby the control valve 34 is closed.
  • the fuel flowing in through the inlet throttle 27 into the control chamber 26 ensures rapid pressure increase in the control chamber 26 and thus a closing force acting on the injection valve element 11.
  • a closing spring 58 which is supported at one end on a circumferential collar 59 of the injection valve element 11 and the other end on the lower side in the drawing plane end face of the sleeve member 23 and this so against the lower side 25 of the throttle body 15 spring-loaded.
  • Fig. 1 results in a region axially between the control valve seat 35 and the booster chamber 55, with a small distance to the booster chamber 55 in the control valve element 33 a Abvant screening 60 introduced in the form of an annular groove (circumferential groove).
  • This is connected via the radial passage 41 to the actuator space 43 and thus to the return line 9.
  • a fuel leakage amount which flows in the closed control valve 34 via a guide gap 61 radially between the valve body 14 and the control valve member 33 in the axial direction upwards before reaching the booster chamber 55 laterally discharged in the direction of return line 9.
  • an undesirable increase in pressure in the interpreter room 55 is avoided.
  • the in Fig. 2 shown fuel injector 1 substantially corresponds to the in Fig. 1
  • the differences to the previously described fuel injector 1 are essentially set forth below. With regard to the similarities is on the preceding description of the figures as well as on Fig. 1 directed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
EP09100211A 2008-05-27 2009-03-31 Injecteur de carburant Withdrawn EP2136067A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200810002003 DE102008002003A1 (de) 2008-05-27 2008-05-27 Kraftstoff-Injektor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2136067A1 true EP2136067A1 (fr) 2009-12-23

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ID=41228319

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09100211A Withdrawn EP2136067A1 (fr) 2008-05-27 2009-03-31 Injecteur de carburant

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EP (1) EP2136067A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102008002003A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2711537A1 (fr) * 2012-09-25 2014-03-26 Delphi International Operations Luxembourg S.a.r.l. Injecteur à carburant

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011017028A1 (de) 2011-04-14 2012-10-18 Deutz Aktiengesellschaft Absteuervorrichtung

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10037527A1 (de) * 1999-08-02 2001-02-15 Denso Corp Piezoelektrische Einspritzeinrichtung
EP1612398A1 (fr) 2004-06-30 2006-01-04 C.R.F. Società Consortile per Azioni Injecteur de carburant a soupape de commande a equilibrage des forces
WO2006029937A1 (fr) * 2004-09-16 2006-03-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Soupape de commande d'une buse d'injection d'un moteur a combustion interne
DE102006026399A1 (de) * 2006-06-07 2007-12-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor mit Servounterstützung
DE102006050164A1 (de) * 2006-10-25 2008-04-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor mit hydraulischer Übersetzung

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10037527A1 (de) * 1999-08-02 2001-02-15 Denso Corp Piezoelektrische Einspritzeinrichtung
EP1612398A1 (fr) 2004-06-30 2006-01-04 C.R.F. Società Consortile per Azioni Injecteur de carburant a soupape de commande a equilibrage des forces
WO2006029937A1 (fr) * 2004-09-16 2006-03-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Soupape de commande d'une buse d'injection d'un moteur a combustion interne
DE102006026399A1 (de) * 2006-06-07 2007-12-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor mit Servounterstützung
DE102006050164A1 (de) * 2006-10-25 2008-04-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor mit hydraulischer Übersetzung

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2711537A1 (fr) * 2012-09-25 2014-03-26 Delphi International Operations Luxembourg S.a.r.l. Injecteur à carburant
WO2014048605A1 (fr) * 2012-09-25 2014-04-03 Delphi International Operations Luxembourg S.À.R.L. Injecteur de carburant

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102008002003A1 (de) 2009-12-03

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