EP1840366B1 - Injecteur de carburant - Google Patents

Injecteur de carburant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1840366B1
EP1840366B1 EP07102118A EP07102118A EP1840366B1 EP 1840366 B1 EP1840366 B1 EP 1840366B1 EP 07102118 A EP07102118 A EP 07102118A EP 07102118 A EP07102118 A EP 07102118A EP 1840366 B1 EP1840366 B1 EP 1840366B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
chamber
fuel injector
fuel
coupling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP07102118A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1840366A2 (fr
EP1840366A3 (fr
Inventor
Patrick Mattes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1840366A2 publication Critical patent/EP1840366A2/fr
Publication of EP1840366A3 publication Critical patent/EP1840366A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1840366B1 publication Critical patent/EP1840366B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
    • F02M2200/703—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic
    • F02M2200/705—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic with means for filling or emptying hydraulic chamber, e.g. for compensating clearance or thermal expansion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
    • F02M2200/703—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic
    • F02M2200/708—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic with hydraulic chambers formed by a movable sleeve

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injector according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method according to the preamble of claim 9.
  • the object of the invention is to reduce the production costs for a fuel injector according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the object is in a fuel injector with an injector housing having a high-pressure fuel inlet, which communicates with a central high-pressure fuel source outside of the injector and a pressure chamber within the injector in connection, from the high-pressure fuel into a combustion chamber an internal combustion engine is injected when a nozzle needle opens, which is coupled by an hydraulic coupler having at least one high-pressure coupling space with an actuator, achieved in that the coupling space communicates with a pressure relief space.
  • the actuator is preferably a piezoactuator.
  • the hydraulic coupler serves to translate the stroke and / or force of the actuator.
  • the pressure relief chamber is depressurized or has a pressure which is also referred to as low pressure and is significantly lower than the high pressure.
  • the pressure level in the coupling space is preferably lowered selectively close to the opening pressure of the nozzle needle.
  • a preferred embodiment of the fuel injector is characterized in that the coupling space is delimited by a coupler piston which is mechanically coupled to the actuator. On the opposite side of the coupling space is bounded by the combustion chamber distal end of the nozzle needle.
  • the coupling space can also be subdivided into a plurality of coupling spaces, which are connected to each other and are also referred to as sub-coupling spaces.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the fuel injector is characterized in that in that the actuator and the coupler piston are arranged in an actuator space, which communicates with the pressure relief space. This provides the advantage that the actuator does not have to be designed high-pressure resistant.
  • a further preferred exemplary embodiment of the fuel injector is characterized in that the coupling space is delimited by a coupling space limiting sleeve, which is guided at the end of the coupler piston close to the combustion chamber.
  • the coupling space limiting sleeve is preferably biased by a spring means against a part of the injector housing.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the fuel injector is characterized in that a defined guide clearance is provided between the coupler piston and the coupling space limiting sleeve.
  • a defined guide clearance is provided between the coupler piston and the coupling space limiting sleeve.
  • the Kopplungsraumbegrenzungshülse or the coupler piston may also be equipped with a pressure relief channel having a throttle and opens into the actuator chamber.
  • Another preferred exemplary embodiment of the fuel injector is characterized in that the coupling space communicates with a further coupling space, which is delimited by the combustion chamber distal end of the nozzle needle.
  • the further coupling space is preferably of one Limited nozzle needle sleeve, which is guided at the combustion chamber remote end of the nozzle needle.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the fuel injector is characterized in that the connection between the coupling spaces is equipped with a throttle. About the throttle, the opening movement of the nozzle needle can be influenced.
  • a further preferred exemplary embodiment of the fuel injector is characterized in that a high-pressure passage is recessed in the injector housing, through which fuel supplied with high pressure passes into the pressure space.
  • the high-pressure channel is, for example, a bore that runs parallel to the actuator chamber.
  • the above-described object is achieved in that the pressure level is selectively lowered in the coupling space before the actuator unfolds its effect.
  • the injection process comprises a first phase in which the pressure in the coupling space is lowered and a second phase in which the nozzle needle opens.
  • conventional injectors require about 20 to 30 percent of the actuator stroke.
  • the nozzle needle opens.
  • a preferred embodiment of the method is characterized in that the pressure level in the coupling space is lowered to near the opening pressure of the nozzle needle.
  • FIG. 1 is a fuel injector with a Injektorgepuruse 1 fragmentary and shown in longitudinal section.
  • the injector housing 1 comprises a nozzle body 2, which protrudes with its lower (cut off) free end into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine to be supplied with fuel. With its upper end face remote from the combustion chamber, the nozzle body 2 is braced axially against the intermediate body 3 and an injector body 4 by means of a clamping nut (not shown), which is also referred to as a holding body.
  • the holding body 4 has substantially the shape of a circular cylindrical jacket-shaped sleeve, whose one end face is closed by the intermediate body 3.
  • a nozzle needle 8 is guided axially displaceable.
  • the tip (not shown) of the nozzle needle cooperates with a sealing seat to release and close spray holes as a function of the position of the nozzle needle 8.
  • the nozzle needle is preferably equipped with a pressure shoulder, which is arranged in a pressure chamber 10 of the injector.
  • the pressure chamber 10 is connected via a (not shown) high-pressure connection channel with an actuator chamber 12 in connection, which in turn is connected via an inlet channel or a supply line with a high-pressure fuel source in communication, which is also referred to as common rail.
  • the fuel injector is actuated by a piezoactuator 14, which is mechanically coupled to a coupler piston 16 with the interposition of a compensating element 15.
  • the combustion chamber near end face of the coupler piston 16 defines a partial coupling chamber 18 in the axial direction.
  • the partial coupling space 18 is connected via a connecting channel 22, which is equipped with a throttle 23, with a further partial coupling space 24 in connection.
  • the further partial coupling space 24 is limited in the axial direction by the combustion chamber remote end of the nozzle needle 8. In the radial direction, the further partial coupling space 24 is delimited by a nozzle needle sleeve 25.
  • the two partial coupling spaces 18 and 24 together form a coupling space 28 of a hydraulic coupler.
  • the piezoelectric actuator 14 In the idle state of the fuel injector prevails in the coupling space 28 high pressure, which is also referred to as rail pressure.
  • the high pressure acts on the combustion chamber remote end face of the nozzle needle 8.
  • the piezoelectric actuator 14 is charged in the idle state of the fuel injector and has its maximum longitudinal extent. To actuate the fuel injector, the piezoactuator 14 is discharged and retracts.
  • the pressure in the sub-coupling spaces 18 and 24 drops and the nozzle needle 8 opens, that is, lifts off from its nozzle needle seat.
  • a needle stop is provided for stroke limitation.
  • FIG. 2 are the Aktorhub U, the coupling space pressure p K and the needle N of the in FIG. 1 represented fuel injector over time t plotted.
  • the injection process of the fuel injector is divided into a first phase, in which the pressure in the coupling space 28 is lowered, and in a second phase, in which the nozzle needle 8 opens.
  • the nozzle needle 8 springs open.
  • the hydraulic coupler is completely surrounded by high pressure. This results in that the pressure in the coupling space 28 must be actively lowered by the Aktorhub so that the nozzle needle 8 opens.
  • FIG. 3 is a similar fuel injector as in FIG. 1 partially shown in longitudinal section. To denote the same parts, the same reference numerals are used. To avoid repetition, the preceding description of the FIG. 1 directed. In the following, mainly the differences between the two fuel injectors will be discussed.
  • the pressure chamber 10 is connected via a high pressure passage 41 which extends through the injector body 4 and the intermediate body 3, with the (not shown) high-pressure fuel port of the fuel injector in connection.
  • the actuator chamber 12 is at the in FIG. 3 illustrated embodiment not subjected to high pressure, but connected via a (not shown) pressure relief channel with a pressure relief chamber.
  • the actuator chamber 12 is connected, for example, to a pressureless leakage oil circuit.
  • An arrow 44 indicates that the partial coupling chamber 18 is in flow communication with the actuator chamber 12 so that fuel can escape from the partial coupling chamber 18 via the actuator chamber 12 into the pressure relief chamber.
  • the pressure in the coupling space 28 is permanently lowered.
  • the pressure level in the coupling space 28 is lowered to close to the opening pressure of the nozzle needle.
  • the setting of this lowered pressure is preferably carried out by a defined guide clearance between the Kopplungungsraumbegrenzungshülse 20 and the coupler piston 16. Additionally or alternatively, however, can be provided in the coupler piston 16 and / or the Kopplungsraumbegrenzungshülse 20 throttled connection channels connecting the partial coupling chamber 18 with the actuator chamber 12 ,
  • FIG. 4 are the Aktorhub U, the coupling space pressure p K and the needle N of the in FIG. 3 represented fuel injector over time t plotted.
  • a dashed line 50 indicates the outlet pressure in the coupling space of a conventional fuel injector.
  • ⁇ p is in FIG. 4 indicated that the output pressure in the coupling space 28 of the in FIG. 3 shown
  • Fuel injector is significantly lower than a conventional injector.
  • the required actuator length can be reduced by 20 to 30 percent.
  • the reduced actuator length has a positive effect on the overall length of the injector.
  • a control unit used to control the fuel injector can also be made more cost-effective due to the shortened actuator length, since cheaper power amplifier elements can be used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Injecteur de carburant comprenant un boîtier d'injecteur (1), qui présente une amenée de carburant haute pression, qui est en liaison avec une source de carburant haute pression centrale à l'extérieur du boîtier d'injecteur (1) et avec un espace de pression (10) à l'intérieur du boîtier d'injecteur (1), depuis lequel du carburant sollicité par une pression élevée est injecté dans une chambre de combustion d'un moteur à combustion interne, lorsqu'une aiguille de buse (8) s'ouvre, laquelle est accouplée par un accoupleur hydraulique, qui présente au moins un espace d'accouplement (18, 24, 28) sollicité par une pression élevée, à un actionneur (14), caractérisé en ce que l'espace d'accouplement (18, 24, 28) est en liaison avec un espace de détente de pression.
  2. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'espace d'accouplement (18, 24, 28) est limité par un piston d'accouplement (16), qui est accouplé mécaniquement à l'actionneur (14).
  3. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'actionneur (14) et le piston d'accouplement (16) sont disposés dans un espace d'actionneur (12) qui est en liaison avec l'espace de détente de pression.
  4. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que l'espace d'accouplement (18, 24, 28) est limité par une douille de limitation de l'espace d'accouplement (20) qui est guidée à l'extrémité du piston d'accouplement (16) proche de la chambre de combustion.
  5. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'entre le piston d'accouplement (16) et la douille de limitation de l'espace d'accouplement (20) est prévu un jeu de guidage défini, qui permet une réduction spécifique de la pression dans l'espace d'accouplement.
  6. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'espace d'accouplement (18) est en liaison avec un autre espace d'accouplement (24), qui est limité par l'extrémité de l'aiguille de buse (8) éloignée de la chambre de combustion.
  7. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la connexion entre les espaces d'accouplement (18, 24) est pourvue d'un étranglement (23).
  8. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que dans le boîtier d'injecteur (1) est évidé un canal de haute pression (41), à travers lequel le carburant sollicité avec une pression élevée parvient dans l'espace de pression (10).
  9. Procédé pour l'injection de carburant sollicité par une pression élevée dans une chambre de combustion d'un moteur à combustion interne, comprenant un injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le niveau de pression dans l'espace d'accouplement (18, 24, 28) est réduit de manière spécifique, avant que l'actionneur (14) ne produise son effet.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le niveau de pression dans l'espace d'accouplement (18, 24, 28) est réduit presque jusqu'à la pression d'ouverture de l'aiguille de buse (8).
EP07102118A 2006-03-28 2007-02-12 Injecteur de carburant Not-in-force EP1840366B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006014245A DE102006014245A1 (de) 2006-03-28 2006-03-28 Kraftstoffinjektor

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1840366A2 EP1840366A2 (fr) 2007-10-03
EP1840366A3 EP1840366A3 (fr) 2009-03-25
EP1840366B1 true EP1840366B1 (fr) 2010-12-15

Family

ID=38192622

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07102118A Not-in-force EP1840366B1 (fr) 2006-03-28 2007-02-12 Injecteur de carburant

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1840366B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE491881T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE102006014245A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2355591T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012212614A1 (de) 2012-07-18 2014-01-23 Continental Automotive Gmbh Piezoinjektor mit hydraulisch gekoppelter Düsennadelbewegung
DE102012222509A1 (de) 2012-12-07 2014-06-12 Continental Automotive Gmbh Piezoinjektor
DE102012223934B4 (de) * 2012-12-20 2015-10-15 Continental Automotive Gmbh Piezoinjektor

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10160191A1 (de) * 2001-12-07 2003-06-26 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffinjektor mit fremdbetätigtem Steller und optimierter Systemdruckversorgung
DE102004037255B4 (de) * 2004-07-31 2016-06-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung insbesondere für ein Kraftfahrzeug

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1840366A2 (fr) 2007-10-03
ES2355591T3 (es) 2011-03-29
DE502007005923D1 (de) 2011-01-27
EP1840366A3 (fr) 2009-03-25
ATE491881T1 (de) 2011-01-15
DE102006014245A1 (de) 2007-10-04

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