EP1740821B1 - Injecteur common rail - Google Patents

Injecteur common rail Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1740821B1
EP1740821B1 EP05716732A EP05716732A EP1740821B1 EP 1740821 B1 EP1740821 B1 EP 1740821B1 EP 05716732 A EP05716732 A EP 05716732A EP 05716732 A EP05716732 A EP 05716732A EP 1740821 B1 EP1740821 B1 EP 1740821B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
nozzle needle
control space
common rail
combustion chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP05716732A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1740821A1 (fr
Inventor
Friedrich Boecking
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1740821A1 publication Critical patent/EP1740821A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1740821B1 publication Critical patent/EP1740821B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/20—Closing valves mechanically, e.g. arrangements of springs or weights or permanent magnets; Damping of valve lift
    • F02M61/205—Means specially adapted for varying the spring tension or assisting the spring force to close the injection-valve, e.g. with damping of valve lift
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/21—Fuel-injection apparatus with piezoelectric or magnetostrictive elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2547/00—Special features for fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M2547/001—Control chambers formed by movable sleeves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a common rail injector having an injector housing, which has a fuel inlet, which communicates with a central high-pressure fuel source outside the injector and with a pressure chamber inside the injector in connection, from which, depending on the pressure in a control room with High-pressure fuel is injected into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine when a nozzle needle lifts from its seat, wherein the pressure in the control chamber by an actuator, in particular a piezoelectric actuator, is controlled directly.
  • a common rail injector is for example from the JP60001369 A known.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a common rail injector with an injector housing, which has a fuel inlet, with a central High-pressure fuel source outside of the injector and is in communication with a pressure chamber within the injector, is injected from the high-pressure fuel in response to the pressure in a control chamber into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine when a nozzle needle lifts from its seat, wherein the pressure in the Control space by an actuator, in particular a piezoelectric actuator is directly controlled to create, which requires, especially in length, less space than conventional injectors.
  • the object is with a common rail injector with an injector housing, which has a fuel inlet, which communicates with a central high-pressure fuel source outside the injector housing and with a pressure chamber inside the injector housing, from which, depending on the pressure in a control room, injected with high pressure fuel is injected into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine when a nozzle needle lifts from its seat, the pressure in the control chamber by an actuator, in particular a piezoelectric actuator, is controlled directly, achieved in that in the combustion chamber remote end of the nozzle needle a control chamber limiting sleeve is received movable back and forth, through which the acted upon by the control chamber pressure combustion chamber remote end face of the nozzle needle is reduced.
  • an actuator in particular a piezoelectric actuator
  • the control chamber may be in communication with an actuator chamber, which is bounded by an end face of the actuator or an actuator head coupled to the actuator or mounted on the actuator.
  • the control chamber limiting sleeve of the control room is artificially reduced. Therefore, the pressure difference required in the control chamber for opening and closing the nozzle needle may be lower than in conventional injectors with inverse control. This provides the advantage that shorter actuators can be used.
  • a preferred embodiment of the injector is characterized in that the outer diameter of the control chamber limiting sleeve is smaller than the outer diameter of the nozzle needle in the region of its seat. This ensures that the pressure chamber arranged in the control chamber of the nozzle needle can only be designed to be slightly larger than the area pressurized in the opposite direction of the nozzle needle.
  • a further preferred exemplary embodiment of the injector is characterized in that a biting edge is formed radially on the outside of the control chamber limiting sleeve which is remote from the combustion chamber. The biting edge comes into sealing engagement with the injector housing to limit the control chamber radially inward.
  • a further preferred exemplary embodiment of the injector is characterized in that the control chamber limiting sleeve has a central through-hole which communicates with a leakage oil channel that is recessed in the injector housing. Through the leakage oil passage can be removed from the control chamber into the interior of the control chamber limiting sleeve entering leak oil. In addition, the interior of the control chamber limiting sleeve is relieved of pressure by the leakage oil passage.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the injector is characterized in that in the combustion chamber remote end of the nozzle needle, a blind hole is recessed, having a guide portion in which the control chamber limiting sleeve is guided in a sealing manner.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the injector is characterized in that a biasing spring for the control chamber limiting sleeve is arranged in the blind hole.
  • the biasing spring serves to hold the control chamber limiting sleeve on the injector in abutment when the nozzle needle rests against its seat.
  • a further preferred exemplary embodiment of the injector is characterized in that the control chamber is delimited radially on the outside by a further control chamber limiting sleeve, which is guided to be movable back and forth at the end of the nozzle needle remote from the combustion chamber.
  • the one of the two control room limiting sleeves limited control chamber has the shape of an annular space which is bounded in the axial direction by the combustion chamber remote end face of the nozzle needle and the injector.
  • a further preferred exemplary embodiment of the injector is characterized in that the control chamber communicates with an actuator pressure chamber, which is delimited in the injector housing by a piezoactuator.
  • the piezoelectric actuator is constantly energized, so that the nozzle needle is in the closed position.
  • the piezoactuator is relieved of pressure, the pressure in the actuator pressure chamber and the control chamber communicating therewith decreases, so that the nozzle needle lifts off its seat and releases at least one injection hole, through which high-pressure fuel is injected into the combustion chamber.
  • This type of control is also referred to as inverse control.
  • the accompanying figure shows an embodiment of a common rail injector according to the invention in longitudinal section.
  • the illustrated common rail injector has a generally designated 1 injector.
  • the injector housing 1 comprises a nozzle body 2, which with its lower free end in protrudes the combustion chamber of the engine to be supplied. With its upper, combustion chamber remote end face of the nozzle body 2 by means of a (not shown) clamping nut axially clamped against an intermediate body 3 and an injector 4.
  • an axial guide bore 6 is recessed.
  • a nozzle needle 8 is guided axially displaceable.
  • a sealing edge 10 is formed, which cooperates with a sealing seat or a sealing surface 11, which is formed on the nozzle body 2.
  • a spray hole 13 in the nozzle body 2 is closed.
  • high-pressure fuel is injected through the injection hole 13 or several injection holes into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • the nozzle needle 8 has a pressure chamber portion 15, which is formed substantially circular cylindrical.
  • the pressure space section 15 is followed by a truncated conical widening section 16.
  • the sections 15 and 16 are arranged in a pressure chamber 17, which is formed in the nozzle body 2.
  • On the truncated cone-like widening portion 16 is followed by a substantially circular cylindrical guide portion 18.
  • the guide portion 18 is guided in the axial guide bore 6 of the nozzle body 2 to and fro.
  • a flattening 20 or a plurality of flats, which is or are formed on the guide portion a fluid connection between the pressure chamber 17 and a nozzle spring chamber 22 is provided, which is provided at the combustion chamber distal end of the nozzle body 2.
  • An arrow 21 indicates that fuel subjected to high pressure is fed into the nozzle spring chamber 22 via an inlet channel 23, which is recessed in the intermediate body 3 and communicates with a high-pressure source (not shown). From the nozzle spring chamber 22, the high pressure fuel passes the flattening 20 in the pressure chamber 17.
  • the (not shown) high-pressure fuel source is also referred to as a common rail.
  • a collar 24 is formed on the nozzle needle 8, which forms a stop for a spring plate 25.
  • On the spring plate 25 is located at one end of a biased nozzle spring 27, which is arranged or guided radially outside of a substantially circular-cylindrical control section 29, which is formed at the combustion chamber distal end of the nozzle needle 8.
  • an outer control chamber limiting sleeve 31 is guided, which has a biting edge 32.
  • the biting edge 32 of the outer control chamber limiting sleeve 31 bears against the intermediate body 3.
  • a central blind hole 33 is recessed, which forms a receiving space 35 for a sealing spring 36.
  • the blind hole 33 passes into a guide portion 37, through which an inner control chamber limiting sleeve 38 is guided to and fro.
  • the inner control chamber limiting sleeve 38 has an outer diameter 40 which is approximately smaller than the outer diameter 12 of the sealing edge 10 at the tip 9 of the nozzle needle 8.
  • a biting edge 41 is formed, with which the inner control chamber limiting sleeve 38 rests against the intermediate body 3.
  • the inner control chamber limiting sleeve 38 has a central through hole 43, which communicates with a leakage oil connection channel 45 which is formed in the intermediate body 3 and opens within the bounded by the biting edge 41 surface of the intermediate body 3 in the limited of the inner control chamber limiting sleeve 38 interior.
  • the leakage oil communication passage 45 in the intermediate body 3 continues in a leak oil passage 46 in the injector body 4.
  • the inner control chamber limiting sleeve 38 and the outer control chamber limiting sleeve 31 define in the radial direction a control chamber 50, which is delimited in the axial direction by the combustion chamber remote end face of the nozzle needle 8 and the intermediate body 3.
  • the control chamber 50 has the shape of an annulus provided by control room communication channels 52 and 53 formed in the intermediate body 3 is communicated with an actuator pressure space formed in the injector body 4.
  • the Aktordruckraum 55 is limited in the axial direction on the side remote from the combustion chamber by an actuator 56 and on the combustion chamber near side by the intermediate body 3. Radially outside the actuator pressure chamber 55 is limited by an actuator sleeve 58.
  • the actuator pressure chamber 55 communicates with the inlet channel 23 via connection channels (not shown), so that the actuator pressure chamber 55 is filled with fuel under high pressure.
  • a biting edge 57 is formed, which rests against the intermediate body 3.
  • an actuator spring 59 is an actuator spring 59, through which the Aktorhülse 58 is held with the biting edge 57 on the intermediate body 3 in abutment.
  • the actuator 56 is a piezoelectric actuator, which has a larger volume in the energized state than in the de-energized state.
  • a double arrow 60 is indicated that the actuator 56 can deform so that the pressure in the actuator pressure chamber 55 and the associated control chamber 50 increases or decreases.
  • the actuator which is otherwise constantly energized, is relieved, then the pressure in the Aktordruckraum 55 and the associated control chamber 50 decreases.
  • the pressurized surfaces of the nozzle needle 8 are designed so that the nozzle needle 8 then with its sealing edge 10 of the sealing seat 11 lifts so that acted upon by high pressure Fuel from the pressure chamber 17 is injected through the injection hole 13 into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • the nozzle needle 8 Below the sealing edge 10 of the gas back pressure of the combustion chamber acts on the nozzle needle. Above the sealing edge 10, the high pressure delivered via the inlet channel 23, which is also referred to as common rail pressure, acts on the nozzle needle 8. If the nozzle is to be opened, then an equilibrium of forces must occur in the area of the control chamber 50 with respect to the common rail Pressure to be generated on the diameter 12. To lift off the nozzle needle 8, the pressure in the control chamber 50 is lowered by means of the actuator 56.
  • the diameter 40 of the inner control chamber limiting sleeve 38 is preferably designed so that it is smaller than the diameter 12 of the sealing edge 10 of the nozzle needle 8. When designing is to ensure that the sum of the forces in the region of the sealing seat 11 is smaller than the force resulting from the pressure forces acting in the control chamber 50 and the spring forces of the nozzle spring 27 and the sealing spring 36.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Platform Screen Doors And Railroad Systems (AREA)
  • Seats For Vehicles (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Injecteur d'un système de rampe commune comportant un corps d'injecteur (1) muni d'une arrivée de carburant (23) reliée à une source centrale de carburant à haute pression, extérieure au corps de l'injecteur et une chambre de pression (17) dans le corps de l'injecteur, à partir de laquelle et en fonction de la pression régnant dans une chambre de commande (50), du carburant à haute pression est injecté dans la chambre de combustion d'un moteur à combustion interne lorsque l'aiguille d'injecteur (8) se soulève de son siège (11),
    la pression dans la chambre de commande (50) étant commandée directement par un actionneur (56), notamment un actionneur piézo-électrique,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    à l'extrémité de l'aiguille d'injecteur (8) éloignée de la chambre de combustion, il y a un manchon de limitation de la chambre de commande (38), mobile suivant un mouvement alternatif, et qui diminue la surface frontale de l'aiguille d'injecteur (8) éloignée de la chambre de combustion et sollicitée par la pression régnant dans la chambre de commande.
  2. Injecteur d'un système de rampe commune selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le diamètre extérieur (40) du manchon de limitation de la chambre de commande (38) est inférieur au diamètre extérieur (12) de l'aiguille d'injecteur (8) dans la région de son siège.
  3. Injecteur d'un système de rampe commune selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    l'extrémité du manchon de limitation de la chambre de commande (38), extrémité éloignée de la chambre de combustion, est notamment munie d'une arête d'attaque (41) radialement extérieure.
  4. Injecteur d'un système de rampe commune selon la revendication 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le manchon de limitation (38) de la chambre de commande comporte un orifice traversant (43), central, communiquant avec un canal de carburant de fuite (45, 46) dégagé dans le corps (1) de l'injecteur.
  5. Injecteur d'un système de rampe commune selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    l'extrémité de l'aiguille d'injecteur (8) du côté éloigné de la chambre de combustion, a un trou borgne (33) muni d'un segment de guidage (37) dans lequel le manchon de limitation (38) de la chambre de commande est guidé de façon étanche.
  6. Injecteur d'un système de rampe commune selon la revendication 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le perçage borgne (33) comporte un ressort de précontrainte (36) pour le manchon (38) de limitation de la chambre de commande.
  7. Injecteur d'un système de rampe commune selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la chambre de commande (50) est délimitée radialement à l'extérieur par un autre manchon (31) de limitation de la chambre de commande, ce manchon étant guidé sur un mouvement de va-et-vient à l'extrémité de l'aiguille d'injecteur (8) du côté éloigné de la chambre de combustion.
  8. Injecteur d'un système de rampe commune selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la chambre de commande (50) communique avec une chambre de pression (55) d'actionneur délimitée dans le corps (1) de l'injecteur par un actionneur piézo-électrique (56).
EP05716732A 2004-04-20 2005-02-18 Injecteur common rail Not-in-force EP1740821B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004018931A DE102004018931A1 (de) 2004-04-20 2004-04-20 Common-Rail-Injektor
PCT/EP2005/050715 WO2005103479A1 (fr) 2004-04-20 2005-02-18 Injecteur common rail

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1740821A1 EP1740821A1 (fr) 2007-01-10
EP1740821B1 true EP1740821B1 (fr) 2008-08-27

Family

ID=34961828

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05716732A Not-in-force EP1740821B1 (fr) 2004-04-20 2005-02-18 Injecteur common rail

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20070215116A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1740821B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20060134166A (fr)
CN (1) CN100443711C (fr)
AT (1) ATE406516T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE102004018931A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005103479A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150040867A1 (en) * 2012-03-16 2015-02-12 International Engine Intellectual Property Company, Llc Fuel injector needle sleeve
EP2674608B1 (fr) * 2012-06-13 2015-08-12 Delphi International Operations Luxembourg S.à r.l. Injecteur à carburant

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4499878A (en) * 1982-10-25 1985-02-19 Nippon Soken, Inc. Fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine
US4535743A (en) * 1983-04-15 1985-08-20 Nippon Soken, Inc. Fuel injection apparatus for an internal combustion engine
JPS601369A (ja) * 1983-06-16 1985-01-07 Nippon Soken Inc 燃料噴射弁
JPH01187363A (ja) * 1988-01-21 1989-07-26 Toyota Motor Corp 内燃機関用燃料噴射弁
DE19500706C2 (de) * 1995-01-12 2003-09-25 Bosch Gmbh Robert Zumeßventil zur Dosierung von Flüssigkeiten oder Gasen
ES2135815T3 (es) * 1995-05-03 1999-11-01 Daimler Chrysler Ag Tobera de inyeccion.
US6626371B1 (en) * 1997-10-09 2003-09-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Common rail injector
DE19936669A1 (de) * 1999-08-04 2001-02-22 Bosch Gmbh Robert Common-Rail-Injektor
WO1999066196A1 (fr) * 1998-06-18 1999-12-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Injecteur de carburant
GB9923823D0 (en) * 1999-10-09 1999-12-08 Lucas Industries Ltd Fuel injector
DE10029067B4 (de) * 2000-06-13 2006-03-16 Siemens Ag Einspritzventil mit vorgespanntem Schließglied
US6705543B2 (en) * 2001-08-22 2004-03-16 Cummins Inc. Variable pressure fuel injection system with dual flow rate injector
DE10221384A1 (de) * 2002-05-14 2003-11-27 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1946931A (zh) 2007-04-11
ATE406516T1 (de) 2008-09-15
WO2005103479A1 (fr) 2005-11-03
DE502005005197D1 (en) 2008-10-09
EP1740821A1 (fr) 2007-01-10
CN100443711C (zh) 2008-12-17
US20070215116A1 (en) 2007-09-20
DE102004018931A1 (de) 2005-11-17
KR20060134166A (ko) 2006-12-27

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