EP1838960B1 - Injecteur de carburant - Google Patents

Injecteur de carburant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1838960B1
EP1838960B1 EP05823534A EP05823534A EP1838960B1 EP 1838960 B1 EP1838960 B1 EP 1838960B1 EP 05823534 A EP05823534 A EP 05823534A EP 05823534 A EP05823534 A EP 05823534A EP 1838960 B1 EP1838960 B1 EP 1838960B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
nozzle
chamber
fuel injection
needle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP05823534A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1838960A1 (fr
Inventor
Friedrich Boecking
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1838960A1 publication Critical patent/EP1838960A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1838960B1 publication Critical patent/EP1838960B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
    • F02M45/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
    • F02M45/04—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts with a small initial part, e.g. initial part for partial load and initial and main part for full load
    • F02M45/08—Injectors peculiar thereto
    • F02M45/086—Having more than one injection-valve controlling discharge orifices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/46—Valves, e.g. injectors, with concentric valve bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
    • F02M2200/703—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic
    • F02M2200/705—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic with means for filling or emptying hydraulic chamber, e.g. for compensating clearance or thermal expansion
    • F02M2200/706—Valves for filling or emptying hydraulic chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F02M61/182—Discharge orifices being situated in different transversal planes with respect to valve member direction of movement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • F02M63/0026—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuators

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a fuel injection nozzle according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Such, for example from the DE 100 58 153 A1 or the WO 2004 / 046540A known fuel injector for internal combustion engines has two nozzle needles, which can be controlled independently.
  • the outer nozzle needle is opened when the force exerted by the fuel on a pressure shoulder of the outer nozzle needle opening force is greater than the action of a closing spring.
  • the inner nozzle needle is opened by the pressure of a force acting in the closing direction on the nozzle needle hydraulic fluid is lowered in a control chamber.
  • the fuel injector according to the invention for internal combustion engines with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage that the fuel injector is easy and directly controlled. By using a direct needle control both nozzle needles can be opened quickly controlled. Advantage of the invention is a simple construction of a direct needle control for a so-called KVD nozzle.
  • FIGURE shows the fuel injection nozzle according to the invention in a longitudinal section.
  • the fuel injector 1 for internal combustion engines shown in the figure has a one-piece or multi-piece, cylindrical nozzle body 2 , which projects with its free lower end into a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine not shown in detail.
  • a bore 3 of the nozzle body 2 designed as a hollow needle outer nozzle needle 4 is axially displaceably guided, in which an inner nozzle needle 5 is arranged coaxially and also guided axially displaceable.
  • annular space 6 is formed, which is bounded by the outer nozzle needle 4 radially inwardly.
  • a high-pressure fuel line 7 the annular space 6 is connected to a high-pressure fuel storage (common rail), not shown.
  • a first closing spring 8 presses the outer nozzle needle 4 into a first sealing seat 9 at the combustion chamber end of the bore 3.
  • a second closing spring 12 presses the inner nozzle needle 5 into a second sealing seat 13 at the combustion chamber end of the guide bore 3.
  • a sealing cone 14 of the inner nozzle needle 5 in conjunction with the second sealing seat 13 that when open outer nozzle needle 4 fuel from the annular space 6 passes through second injection holes 15 in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • the two sealing seats 9, 13 are formed by a common conical surface.
  • the closing springs 8, 12 of the two nozzle needles 4, 5 are supported on a piston 16 which is guided axially displaceably in the bore 3 and in a translator piston 17 which is open at the bottom.
  • the booster piston 17 forms the actuator of an inversely operated piezoelectric actuator 18.
  • the piston 16 is hydraulically coupled to the booster piston 17 via a fuel-filled booster space (coupling space) 20 to permit a 1: 1 temperature compensation of the actuator 18.
  • the booster chamber 20 is connected via a filling throttle 21 to the high-pressure supply line 7, so that there is rail pressure in the booster chamber 20.
  • the outer nozzle needle 4 is guided displaceably on the piston 16.
  • the piston 16 has a downwardly open piston chamber, at the chamber wall, the outer nozzle needle 4 is guided.
  • the piston 16 engages with an annular projection 22, the outer nozzle needle 4 in the opening direction. In the closed state of the two nozzle needles shown, the outer nozzle needle 4 abuts the projection 22 in the opening direction.
  • Each of the two nozzle needles 4, 5 delimits, with a control surface 23, 24 acting in the closing direction , in the piston chamber a nozzle rear chamber 25, which can be connected to the booster chamber 20 via a control valve 27 and is connected to a control chamber 29 via a throttle 28 .
  • the two springs 8, 12 are arranged in the nozzle rear space 25 and are supported on the piston 16.
  • the control chamber 29 is bounded radially inwardly by the piston 16, radially outward by a sealing sleeve 30, in the opening direction by the booster piston 17 and in the closing direction by the nozzle body 2.
  • the control chamber 27 is throttled connected to the high-pressure fuel line 7.
  • the piston 16 is axially displaceably guided in the bore 3 against the action of a closing spring 32 and has on the outside an annular groove 33 into which an annular projection 34 of the nozzle body 2 engages.
  • the projection 34 defines the one hand in Fig. 1 shown closing position of the piston 16 and on the other hand, the maximum opening stroke h 1 of the piston 16.
  • the closing spring 32 is arranged in the booster chamber 20 and the other end supported on the booster piston 17.
  • the control valve 17 has a piston piston 16 axially displaceably guided valve piston 35 which has an acting in the valve closing direction end face 36 in the booster chamber 20 and at the opposite end a spherical valve closure member 37 carries.
  • One on the valve piston 35th attacking closing spring 38 presses the valve closure member 37 in an annular sealing seat, which separates a valve chamber 39 and a nozzle back space 25 leading to the connecting channel 40 from each other.
  • the valve chamber 39 is connected via a throttle 41 to the booster chamber 20.
  • the closing spring 38 is arranged in the booster chamber 20 and supported at the other end on the booster piston 17.
  • the tension spring 19 pulls the booster piston 17 upwards, i. in the opening direction.
  • the pressure prevailing in the booster chamber 20 drops below the rail pressure, and the piston 16 is also pulled upward by the decreasing pressure, which carries along the projection 22 the outer nozzle needle 4 in the opening direction.
  • the outer nozzle needle 4 lifts off from its sealing seat 9, and via the now released first injection holes 11 fuel is injected from the annular space 6 into the combustion chamber.
  • the opening stroke of the booster piston 17 leads to an increase in volume in the control chamber 29, so that the pressure prevailing therein falls below the rail pressure.
  • About the throttle 28 and the pressure in the nozzle rear chamber 25 drops below the rail pressure. This results because the sealing pressure of the outer nozzle needle 4, the rail pressure acts in the opening direction, to lift the outer nozzle needle 4 from the projection 22, i. to a further control of the outer nozzle needle 4, against the action of the closing spring.
  • the closing springs 8, 12 are coordinated so that first the outer nozzle needle 4 lifts off from the projection 22 and only then lifts the inner nozzle needle 5 from its sealing seat 13.
  • the outer nozzle needle 4 has in the closed state, when this rests with its sealing cone 10 on the sealing seat 9, a larger pressurized surface than the inner nozzle needle 5, when this rests with its sealing cone 14 on the sealing seat 13, so that the outer nozzle needle 4 already at a lower pressure in the annular space 6 opens as the inner nozzle needle. 5
  • control chamber 29 is not limited in the opening direction by the booster piston, but with the same operation by the piston.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Injecteur de carburant (1) pour moteurs à combustion interne, comprenant un corps d'injecteur (2) avec au moins deux trous d'injection (11, 15), une aiguille d'injecteur extérieure (4) déplaçable axialement dans un alésage (3) du corps d'injecteur (2), réalisée sous forme d'aiguille creuse, qui commande l'injection de carburant à haute pression à travers au moins un premier trou d'injection (11), et une aiguille d'injecteur intérieure (5) guidée coaxialement dans l'aiguille d'injecteur extérieure (4), qui commande l'injection de carburant à haute pression à travers au moins un deuxième trou d'injection (15),
    caractérisé par :
    - un piston (16) guidé de manière déplaçable axialement avec une saillie (22) qui entraîne l'aiguille d'injecteur extérieure (4) dans le sens de son ouverture, les deux aiguilles d'injecteur (4, 5) pouvant être déplacées par rapport au piston (16) dans le sens de l'ouverture à chaque fois à l'encontre de l'action d'un ressort de fermeture (8, 12),
    - un entraînement de réglage (18) avec un élément de réglage (17) déplaçable axialement par rapport au piston (16), le piston (16) et l'élément de réglage (17) étant accouplés de manière mobile hydrauliquement l'un à l'autre au moyen d'un espace d'accouplement (20) prévu entre eux, et la course d'ouverture maximale de l'élément de réglage (17) étant supérieure à la course d'ouverture maximale (h1) du piston (16),
    - un espace arrière d'injecteur (25) réalisé dans le piston (16), qui est limité à chaque fois par une surface de commande (23, 24) des deux aiguilles d'injecteur (4, 5) agissant dans le sens de la fermeture, et qui peut être connecté à l'espace d'accouplement (20) par le biais d'une soupape de commande (27), qui peut être commandée par un déplacement relatif axial entre le piston (16) et l'élément de réglage (17), et
    - un espace de commande (29) qui est limité dans le sens de l'ouverture par l'élément de réglage (17) ou par le piston (16) et qui est connecté à l'espace arrière d'injecteur (25) par le biais d'un étranglement (28).
  2. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les ressorts de fermeture (8, 12) sont adaptés l'un à l'autre de telle sorte que dans le cas d'une chute de pression dans l'espace arrière d'injecteur (25), l'aiguille d'injecteur extérieure (4) se soulève initialement de la saillie (22) dans le sens de l'ouverture, et qu'ensuite seulement l'aiguille d'injecteur intérieure (5) se soulève de son siège d'étanchéité (13).
  3. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la course d'ouverture maximale (h1) du piston (16) est définie par une saillie (34) du corps d'injecteur (2).
  4. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'espace d'accouplement (20) est raccordé à une conduite haute pression de carburant (7) par le biais d'un étranglement de remplissage (21).
  5. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la soupape de commande (27) présente un piston de soupape (35) guidé de manière déplaçable axialement dans le piston (16), qui est sollicité par un ressort de fermeture (38) supporté sur l'élément de réglage (17) dans sa position de soupape fermée, dans laquelle la connexion entre l'espace d'accouplement (20) et l'espace arrière d'injecteur (25) est bloquée.
  6. Injecter de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le piston (16) présente une chambre de piston ouverte dans le sens de la fermeture, et en ce que les deux aiguilles d'injecteur (4, 5) limitent dans cette chambre à chaque fois avec leurs surfaces de commande (23, 24), l'espace arrière d'injecteur (25).
  7. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le ressort de fermeture (8) de l'aiguille d'injecteur extérieure (4) est supporté sur le piston (16).
  8. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le ressort de fermeture (12) de l'aiguille d'injecteur intérieure (5) est supporté sur le piston (16).
  9. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'entraînement de réglage (18) est un entraînement piézoélectrique fonctionnant en inverse à l'encontre de l'action d'un ressort de traction (19).
EP05823534A 2004-12-16 2005-11-21 Injecteur de carburant Not-in-force EP1838960B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004060550A DE102004060550A1 (de) 2004-12-16 2004-12-16 Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse
PCT/EP2005/056091 WO2006063918A1 (fr) 2004-12-16 2005-11-21 Injecteur de carburant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1838960A1 EP1838960A1 (fr) 2007-10-03
EP1838960B1 true EP1838960B1 (fr) 2010-01-13

Family

ID=35953945

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05823534A Not-in-force EP1838960B1 (fr) 2004-12-16 2005-11-21 Injecteur de carburant

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1838960B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4518516B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE455241T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE102004060550A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006063918A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3846917B2 (ja) * 1995-07-13 2006-11-15 株式会社デンソー 燃料噴射装置
JP3327787B2 (ja) * 1996-09-25 2002-09-24 三菱重工業株式会社 二流体噴射弁
JP3932688B2 (ja) * 1997-08-28 2007-06-20 株式会社デンソー 内燃機関用燃料噴射装置
DE10058153A1 (de) 2000-11-22 2002-06-06 Bosch Gmbh Robert Einspritzdüse mit separat steuerbaren Düsennadeln
DE10246974A1 (de) * 2002-10-09 2004-04-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine
DE10254186A1 (de) * 2002-11-20 2004-06-17 Siemens Ag Injektor mit einer direkt angetriebenen Register-Düsennadel für die Kraftstoffeinspritzung in einen Verbrennungsmotor
DE10336327B4 (de) * 2003-08-07 2016-03-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Injektor für Kraftstoff-Einspritzsysteme von Brennkraftmaschinen, insbesondere von direkteinspritzenden Dieselmotoren

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102004060550A1 (de) 2006-07-06
JP4518516B2 (ja) 2010-08-04
WO2006063918A1 (fr) 2006-06-22
JP2008523319A (ja) 2008-07-03
ATE455241T1 (de) 2010-01-15
DE502005008888D1 (de) 2010-03-04
EP1838960A1 (fr) 2007-10-03

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