EP2199590B1 - Injecteur de carburant - Google Patents
Injecteur de carburant Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2199590B1 EP2199590B1 EP09169844.9A EP09169844A EP2199590B1 EP 2199590 B1 EP2199590 B1 EP 2199590B1 EP 09169844 A EP09169844 A EP 09169844A EP 2199590 B1 EP2199590 B1 EP 2199590B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- nozzle needle
- actuator
- bore
- fuel injector
- closing element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 36
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
- F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
- F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
- F02M61/12—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type characterised by the provision of guiding or centring means for valve bodies
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/30—Fuel-injection apparatus having mechanical parts, the movement of which is damped
- F02M2200/306—Fuel-injection apparatus having mechanical parts, the movement of which is damped using mechanical means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/30—Fuel-injection apparatus having mechanical parts, the movement of which is damped
- F02M2200/308—Fuel-injection apparatus having mechanical parts, the movement of which is damped using pneumatic means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
- F02M2200/703—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
- F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fuel injector with arranged in an injector high-pressure chamber, which is connectable to a high pressure fuel source and controlled by a Schheßghed or a nozzle needle injectors for Kraft fürinspntzung with a combustion chamber, and arranged with an injector body, with the closing member or the nozzle needle drivingly coupled actuator directly.
- Such a fuel injector is the subject of DE 10 2004 005 452 A1 ,
- the actuator and a nozzle needle are arranged in mutually communicating high-pressure chambers and hydraulically coupled to each other where the hydraulic coupling space provided for this is separated from the actuator-side high-pressure chamber by a sealing sleeve which is arranged displaceably on a confirmed by the actuator master piston and by means supported on the piston suspension against the facing bottom of a guide body is stretched, which receives a plunger-like end of the nozzle needle slidably in an axial bore open towards the coupling space
- the actuator must overcome considerable hydraulic forces when closing the nozzle needle, in addition to the transmission ratio of the hydraulic coupling wipe actuator and nozzle needle for take into account. Since the hydraulic coupling is selected such that small Aktorhübe lead to comparatively large strokes of the nozzle needle, so the actuator must apply a force during the closing stroke, which is higher by a multiple than the force acting on the nozzle needle hydraulic opening force.
- a fuel injector is described, the nozzle needle is acted upon in its open position, that is, during the injection phase over its entire cross section of the high pressure of the injectors supplied fuel.
- the DE 10 2004 005 452 A1 is in the embodiment of Figs. 5 and 6 of WO 2004/031551 A2 only a two-stage injection phase provided.
- the nozzle needle initially lifts with an annular sealing surface (106) which is formed as an annular step on the nozzle needle, from an annular seating surface in the nozzle body and releases a pilot nozzle (112), can be injected via the fuel in the direction of a glow plug.
- the nozzle needle with a plunger-like end which is arranged concentrically to the aforementioned annular sealing surface emerges from a bore arranged in the injector body, so that main injection nozzles (120) release and are supplied with the fuel supplied at high pressure.
- main injection nozzles (120) release and are supplied with the fuel supplied at high pressure.
- the object of the invention is now to show a particularly advantageous construction for a fuel injector with pressure-balanced arranged nozzle needle.
- the invention is based on the general idea of constantly applying a partial cross-section of the nozzle needle to the pressure in the combustion chamber in the opening direction which is lower than the injection pressure of the fuel, so that the fluidic forces acting in the opening direction remain correspondingly low.
- the nozzle needle can cooperate with high precision with their seat, so that a particularly accurate and reproducible opening and closing behavior can be ensured.
- the closure member or the nozzle needle cooperate with an annular rim or zone concentric with the extension, with a seat annularly surrounding the injector inlets so that the injectors are shut off when the annular edge or zone is seated on the seat.
- the annular surface which extends radially between the outer circumference of the plunger-like axial extension of the nozzle needle and the aforementioned annular edge or - zone, at the transition between closed and open position of the nozzle needle alternately from the pressure in the combustion chamber and the high pressure in the high pressure chamber Opening direction of the nozzle needle acted upon. Since the said annular surface can remain very small due to the regularly very small cross sections of the injection nozzles, the absolute difference between the effective in the closed position and in open position fluidic forces in the opening direction of the nozzle needle remains low. This makes it possible to achieve a good operating behavior of the actuator.
- the fuel injector shown there has an injector body 1, which is segmented into a low-pressure body 2, an intermediate body 3 and a nozzle body 4, wherein the body 2-4 are axially braced against each other by a sleeve-shaped union nut 5.
- the low-pressure body 2 encloses a low-pressure chamber 6, which communicates via a preferably throttled connecting line with a relatively pressureless fuel reservoir 7, for example a fuel tank.
- the nozzle body 4 encloses a high pressure chamber 8, which is connected via a the intermediate body 3 and the low pressure body 2 passing through the supply line 9 with a high pressure source CR for fuel.
- This high-pressure source CR can be designed as a so-called common rail.
- the high pressure chamber 8 comprises two subspaces 8 'and 8 ", which are connected to one another axially via a bore 11 accommodating a nozzle needle 10 and a bore 12 parallel to the bore 11.
- the bore 11 essentially serves to guide the nozzle needle 10 in an axially displaceable manner the upper end is guided in the intermediate body 3 in a bore 13 which is equiaxial to the bore 11.
- the nozzle needle 10 has a step-shaped lower end such that a plunger-like axial projection 10 'is formed which fits into a matching guide bore in the lower end of the nozzle body 4 is guided axially displaceable.
- This guide bore 14 is connected via a same axially continuing relief bore 140 constantly with a combustion chamber, not shown, of an internal combustion engine, wherein the below the front end of the extension 10 'remaining region of the guide bore 14 relative to the subspace 8 "of the high-pressure chamber by the immersed in the guide bore 14 extension 10 'is shut off.
- annular seat is formed, which surrounds the inputs of star-shaped to the guide bore 14 injectors 15 annularly and with the formed on the stepped end portion of the nozzle needle 10 annular edge 10" sealingly cooperates, if the nozzle needle 10 in Fig. 1 shown closed position occupies.
- a nozzle chamber 10 surrounding annular space 16 is arranged, which communicates with the low-pressure chamber 6. Accordingly, there is always low pressure in the annular space 16, and an optionally in the annular space between the outer periphery of the nozzle needle 10 and the inner circumference of the bore 13 penetrating leakage flow from the high pressure chamber 8 is passed into the low pressure chamber 6 and accordingly from the interior of the bore 13 above the upper end the nozzle needle 10 kept away.
- the low-pressure space 6 in the low-pressure body 2 has an upper portion with a smaller diameter and a lower portion with an enlarged diameter.
- the upper portion receives an example piezoelectric actuator 17 which is supported with a arranged at its upper end foot on a bottom of the low-pressure body 2 and with a at its in Fig. 1 arranged lower end piston 18 projects into the lower portion of the low-pressure chamber 6.
- a sealing sleeve 19 is guided axially displaceable, which is clamped by means of a clamped between a collar on the piston 18 and a collar on the sealing sleeve 19 axially pressurized Bourdon tube 20 against the facing end face of the intermediate body 3, such that of the sealing sleeve 19 axially between the lower end face of the piston 18 and the facing end face of the intermediate body 3, a coupler space 21 is separated from the low pressure chamber 6.
- This coupler space 21 communicates via an axial bore 22, preferably designed as a throttle bore, in the intermediate body 3
- the coupler space 21 receives fluid from the bore 13 and the nozzle needle 10 performs an upstroke.
- a stroke translation occurs, which is predetermined by the ratio of the cross sections of the piston 18 in the coupler space 21 and the nozzle needle 10 in the bore 13.
- the annular sealing gap between the inner circumference of the sealing sleeve 19 and the outer periphery of the piston 18 is formed as a capillary, so that the coupler chamber 21 and the low-pressure chamber 6 are strongly throttled connected to each other.
- the fuel injector shown in Fig. 1 functions as follows:
- the piezoelectric actuator 17 When the piezoelectric actuator 17 is connected via the electrical connection lines 24 to an electrical voltage source and is charged accordingly, it assumes its vertically elongated state in which the piston 18 is brought from the actuator 17 in the illustrated lower dead center position and held in this position becomes. At the same time, the nozzle needle 10 assumes the closed position shown, in which it is held by its closing spring 23, wherein optionally fluid from the low pressure chamber 6 via the capillary gap between the sealing sleeve 19 and piston 18 seeps into the coupler chamber 21.
- the actuator 17 As soon as the actuator 17 is decoupled from the aforementioned electrical voltage source and discharged, it goes into its vertically shortened state, wherein the piston 18 shifts to its upper end position. Since the coupler space 21 absorbs fluid from the bore 13 above the nozzle needle 10 during the upward stroke of the piston 18, the nozzle needle 10 is released from its Seat is excavated, wherein the input side of the injection nozzles 15 is connected to the lower subspace 8 "of the high-pressure chamber 8 and accordingly fuel is injected from the high-pressure chamber 8 in the connected combustion chamber.At the same time present in the high-pressure chamber 8 high pressure now acts on the annular surface between the outer periphery of the plunger-like Extension 10 'and the annular edge 10 "of the nozzle needle 10 in the upward direction.
- the nozzle needle 10 is brought against the force of its closing spring 23 securely in their lifted from the seat open position and held, the exact position of the open position through the annular step at the transition of the bore 13 to the axial bore 22 can be given like a stop.
- the actuator 17 requires only a small amount of power, because essentially only the high pressure must be overcome during the closing stroke of the nozzle needle 10, which acts on the annular surface between the annular edge 10 "and the plunger-like extension 10 'of the nozzle needle 10.
- the said annular surface can have a very small surface area corresponding to the small cross section of the inlet side of the injection nozzles 15, the difference in the opening direction of the fluid needle in the opening direction remains very small. This results in that the actuating forces generated by the actuator 17 can remain low, so that a small and inexpensive actuator 17 is sufficient.
- the relief hole As a throttle bore, a certain damping of the strokes of the nozzle needle 10 can be achieved.
- the embodiment of the Fig. 2 differs from the embodiment of the Fig. 1 essentially only in that the actuator 17 and the nozzle needle 10 with each other "normal" are coupled, that is, the nozzle needle 10 assumes its closed position when the actuator 17 is electrically discharged and has its vertically shortened state, while the nozzle needle 10 passes into its open position when the actuator 17 is connected via the lines 24 to an electrical voltage source and is electrically charged, wherein the actuator 17 merges into its elongated state.
- a sleeve 25, closed at its upper end by a bottom, is arranged, the interior of which through the upper part of a stepped piston 26 into an upper chamber 27, which via a radial opening in the sleeve 25 constantly is connected to the low pressure chamber 6, and an annular lower chamber 28 is divided, which communicates via a sleeve 25 axially passing through, preferably throttled channel 29 with the coupler chamber 21.
- the lower part of the stepped piston 26 has in the illustrated example the same cross-section as the upper portion of the nozzle needle 10 in the bore 13, which merges to form a step in a lower part of the stepped piston 26 slidably receiving bore 30. Said step interacts with the lower end face of the lower part of the stepped piston 26 in a stop-like manner, such that the lower annular end face of the upper part of the stepped piston 26 always remains at a distance from the facing end face of the intermediate body 3.
- the fuel injector of Fig. 2 functions as follows:
- the stepped piston 26 could also be formed as part of the nozzle needle 10 or coaxially arranged to the nozzle needle 10. None changes at the function described above.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Claims (8)
- Injecteur de carburant comprenant- un espace haute pression (8) disposé dans un corps d'injecteur (1), lequel espace haute pression peut être relié à une source haute pression (CR) de carburant et peut être relié, par le biais de buses d'injection (15) commandées par un organe de fermeture ou une aiguille d'injection (10), à une chambre de combustion pour l'injection de carburant, et- un actionneur (17) disposé dans le corps d'injecteur (1) et accouplé par entraînement à l'organe de fermeture ou à l'aiguille d'injection (10),caractérisé
en ce que l'organe de fermeture ou l'aiguille d'injection (10) est, à son extrémité adjacente aux buses d'injection (15), guidé(e) de manière déplaçable axialement, par un prolongement (10') axial de type plongeur, dans un alésage de guidage (14) disposé sur ou dans le corps d'injecteur (1), l'espace intérieur de l'alésage de guidage étant d'une part séparé de manière permanente de l'espace haute pression (8) par le prolongement (10') axial et communiquant d'autre part avec la chambre de combustion par le biais d'un alésage de détente (140) sur ou dans le corps d'injecteur (1), et
en ce que l'organe de fermeture ou l'aiguille d'injection (10) coopère avec une arête annulaire (10") concentrique au prolongement (10') et pourvue d'un siège entourant de manière annulaire les entrées des buses d'injection (15) et obture les buses d'injection (15) par rapport à l'espace haute pression (8) dans la position de fermeture reposant sur le siège. - Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1,
caractérisé
en ce que l'alésage de guidage (14) est réalisé sous forme d'alésage borgne et est relié à la chambre de combustion par le biais de l'alésage de détente (140) disposé sur le fond de l'alésage borgne. - Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
caractérisé
en ce que l'actionneur (17) est disposé dans un espace basse pression (6) pouvant être relié à un réservoir de carburant (7) relativement sans pression. - Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3,
caractérisé
en ce que l'actionneur (17) est accouplé hydrauliquement à l'organe de fermeture ou à l'aiguille d'injection (10). - Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 4,
caractérisé
en ce que l'actionneur (17) actionne un piston (18) disposé dans un espace d'accouplement (21) en tant que maître-piston agissant en tant qu'élément de refoulement, et l'organe de fermeture ou l'aiguille d'injection (10) comprend une extrémité côté actionneur, laquelle est disposée de manière à agir en tant qu'élément de refoulement dans un espace communiquant avec, ou accouplé à, l'espace d'accouplement (21). - Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 et 5,
caractérisé
en ce que l'actionneur (17) et l'organe de fermeture ou l'aiguille d'injection (10) sont accouplés inversement l'un à l'autre, l'organe de fermeture ou l'aiguille d'injection (10) occupant la position ouverte lorsque l'actionneur (17) présente son état déchargé électriquement. - Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6,
caractérisé
en ce que les entrées des buses d'injection (15) sont disposées dans une zone annulaire radialement entre un siège annulaire de l'organe de fermeture ou de l'aiguille d'injection (10) et l'alésage de guidage (14) communiquant avec la chambre de combustion. - Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
caractérisé
en ce que l'alésage de détente (140) est réalisé sous forme d'alésage d'étranglement pour l'amortissement des courses de l'aiguille d'injection.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102008054425 | 2008-12-09 | ||
DE102009001131A DE102009001131A1 (de) | 2008-12-09 | 2009-02-25 | Kraftstoffinjektor |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2199590A1 EP2199590A1 (fr) | 2010-06-23 |
EP2199590B1 true EP2199590B1 (fr) | 2014-08-06 |
Family
ID=42145733
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09169844.9A Not-in-force EP2199590B1 (fr) | 2008-12-09 | 2009-09-09 | Injecteur de carburant |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2199590B1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE102009001131A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102012219867A1 (de) | 2012-10-30 | 2014-04-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Kraftstoffinjektor mit Piezoaktor |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4306073C1 (de) | 1993-02-26 | 1994-06-01 | Siemens Ag | Zumeßvorrichtung für Fluide |
DE19943142A1 (de) * | 1999-09-09 | 2001-04-12 | Siemens Ag | Dosiervorrichtung |
DE10051896A1 (de) * | 2000-10-19 | 2002-05-02 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Brennstoffeinspritzventil |
CA2406137C (fr) | 2002-10-02 | 2004-12-28 | Westport Research Inc. | Appareil et methode de regulation pour moteur a combustion interne alimente au carburant gazeux |
DE102004002286A1 (de) * | 2004-01-16 | 2005-08-11 | Man B & W Diesel Ag | Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse |
DE102004005452B4 (de) | 2004-02-04 | 2014-01-09 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Düsenhalterkombination mit direktgesteuertem Einspritzventilglied |
DE102005015735A1 (de) * | 2005-04-06 | 2006-10-12 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Brennstoffeinspritzventil |
-
2009
- 2009-02-25 DE DE102009001131A patent/DE102009001131A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-09-09 EP EP09169844.9A patent/EP2199590B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102009001131A1 (de) | 2010-06-10 |
EP2199590A1 (fr) | 2010-06-23 |
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