Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
  • C10L10/08—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving lubricity; for reducing wear
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/143—Organic compounds mixtures of organic macromolecular compounds with organic non-macromolecular compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
  • C10L1/195—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10L1/1955—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehyde, ketonic, ketal, acetal radical
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
  • C10L1/191—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters of di- or polyhydroxyalcohols
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
  • C10L1/195—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10L1/197—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and an acyloxy group of a saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid
  • C10L1/1973—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and an acyloxy group of a saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid mono-carboxylic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
  • C10L1/234—Macromolecular compounds
  • C10L1/236—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derivatives thereof
  • C10L1/2364—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derivatives thereof homo- or copolymers derived from unsaturated compounds containing amide and/or imide groups
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L2300/00—Mixture of two or more additives covered by the same group of C10L1/00 - C10L1/308
  • C10L2300/30—Mixture of three components

Definitions

• the invention relates to a formulation of mineral oil as the main component and small proportions of an additive mixture, and to a method for producing a formulation of mineral oil as the main component and small proportions of an additive mixture.
• Formulations of mineral oils as the main component and small amounts of additive mixtures of conventional unmodified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, hydrocarbon polymers, esterified maleic anhydride-olefin copolymers, polar nitrogen compounds such as amine salts of polybasic carboxylic acids and esterified polyoxyalkylenes are known ( WO 94/10267 A1 . WO 95/33 012 A1 . EP 0 921 183 A1 . WO 93/14178 A1 . EP 0 889 323 A1 ).
• Disadvantages are the insufficient flow behavior and the shelf life of these formulations at low temperatures and the limited lubricity of the formulations when the mineral oil component has a sulfur content below 0.005% by mass.
• the object of the invention is an additive mixture as part of a formulation of mineral oil as the main component and small proportions of an additive mixture, which has an improved flow behavior and improved storage stability at low temperatures and improved Has lubricity.
• the improved flow behavior is intended to achieve energy savings in the pump units, by means of which these recipes are transported.
• the development of the additive mixtures is to be carried out from the viewpoint of the use of mineral oils with very low sulfur content in order to achieve fuels of improved environmental compatibility with regard to the pollutant emissions of vehicles.
• vinyl ester components which may be contained in the modified ethylene-vinyl ester copolymers are vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, 2-ethylhexyl vinyl ester, vinyl laurate, 2-hydroxyethyl vinyl ester and 4-hydroxybutyl vinyl ester.
• the ethylene-vinyl ester copolymers may contain as further unsaturated ester components 1 to 30% by weight, based on the vinyl ester, of (meth) acrylic acid esters such as methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, dodecyl acrylate or hydroxyethyl methacrylate and / or vinyl ethers such as octyl vinyl ether or hexanediol monovinyl ether.
• acrylic acid esters such as methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, dodecyl acrylate or hydroxyethyl methacrylate and / or vinyl ethers such as octyl vinyl
• Modification of the ethylene-vinyl ester copolymers by polar groups consists of reacting the ethylene-vinyl ester-vinyl alcohol copolymers with aldehydes to give hemiacetals or grafting polar, ethylenically unsaturated monomers onto the copolymer.
• the polar group-modified ethylene-vinyl ester copolymers contained in the additive mixture are, on the one hand, hemiacetals of ethylene-vinyl ester-vinyl alcohol copolymers with butyraldehyde.
• hemiacetals of ethylene-vinyl ester-vinyl alcohol copolymers with butyraldehyde are hemiacetals of ethylene-vinyl acetate-vinyl alcohol copolymers, according to DD 295 507 A7 have been reacted in heterogeneous phase with butyraldehyde.
• the graft modification of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers can be carried out by reaction with the unsaturated monomers in the extruder ( DD 282 462 B5 ) or in the stirred reactor ( DD 293 125 B5 ) in the presence of thermally decomposing radical formers. It is also possible to carry out the modification in the preparation of the copolymer by the high-pressure process by metering the monomers into the polymer melt in the low-pressure separator or in the discharge extruder.
• the vinyl acetate grafted ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers have molecular weight average molecular weights of from 800 to 5,000 and a total vinyl acetate content of from 20 to 60% by weight, with the vinyl acetate content of the copolymer backbone being 10 to 40% by weight and the grafted vinyl acetate side chains being 10 to 20% by weight.
• the modified ethylene-vinyl ester copolymers may contain up to 35% by weight of poly-C 6 -C 36 alkyl (meth) acrylates and / or unmodified ethylene-vinyl ester copolymers.
• polyalcohols which are contained as alcohol component in the esters of C 2 -C 6 polyalcohols and C 12 -C 40 monocarboxylic acids b) of the additive mixture are ethylene glycol, polyalkylene glycols, glycerol, 1,1,1-tris (hydroxymethyl ) propane, pentaerythritol and sorbitol.
• Examples of C 12 -C 40 -monocarboxylic acids which are contained as carboxylic acid component in the esters of C 2 -C 6 -polyalcohols with C 12 -C 40 -monocarboxylic acids b) of the additive mixture are lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, Ricinoleic acid, eleostearic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid and erucic acid, or dimer acids based on oleic acid or linolenic acid.
• esters of C 2 -C 6 -polyalcohols with C 12 -C 40 -monocarboxylic acids b) are mixed esters of polyalcohols in which the polyalcohols are esterified by mixtures of C 12 -C 40 -monocarboxylic acids.
• Specific examples of the esters of C 2 -C 6 polyalcohols with C 12 -C 40 monocarboxylic acids are the monoesters of ethylene glycol with dilinolenic acid, a C 36 dimer acid, the diesters of propylene glycol with oleic acid and the triesters of pentaerythritol with stearic acid ,
• esters of C 2 -C 6 polyalcohols and C 12 -C 40 monocarboxylic acids b) are esters of unsaturated C 16 -C 24 monocarboxylic acids with C 3 -C 4 polyalcohols, the proportion of C 22 monocarboxylic acids , based on the total mass of C 16 -C 24 monocarboxylic acids, 45 to 52% by mass.
• Examples of unsaturated C 16 -C 24 -monocarboxylic acids which may be contained in the preferred esters of unsaturated C 16 -C 24 -monocarboxylic acids with C 3 -C 4 -polyalcohols as additive component b) are oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid and erucic acid.
• Suitable vinylaromatics as comonomers which may be present as monomer components in the partially and / or completely imidized copolymers of ethylenically unsaturated C 4 -C 20 -dicarboxylic anhydrides c) of the additive mixtures are styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene and vinylpyridine.
• Examples of suitable C 2 -C 36 - ⁇ -olefins as comonomers which may be present as monomer components in the partially and / or completely imidized copolymers of ethylenically unsaturated C 4 -C 20 -dicarboxylic anhydrides c) of the additive mixtures are ethylenically unsaturated monomers of Type C 2 -C 20 olefins, C 4 -C 21 acrylic esters, C 5 -C 22 methacrylic acid esters, C 5 -C 14 vinyl silanes, C 6 -C 15 acrylatesilanes, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylonitrile, vinyloxazoline , Isopropenyloxazoline, vinyl pyrrolidone, amino C 1 -C 8 alkyl (meth) acrylates, C 3 -C 20 vinyl esters, C 3 -C 20 vinyl ethers and / or hydroxy C 1 -C 8 alkyl (meth
• Preferred comonomers as monomer components in the partially and / or completely imidized copolymers of ethylenically unsaturated C 4 -C 20 -dicarboxylic anhydrides c) of the additive mixtures are isobutylene, diisobutylene, vinyl acetate, styrene and ⁇ -methylstyrene.
• the partially imidized copolymers of C 4 -C 20 -ethylenically unsaturated acid anhydrides and vinylaromatics and / or C 2 -C 36 - ⁇ -olefins as additive component c) preferably have a molar ratio of 1 : 1 to 1: 9 and weight average molecular weight of 5,000 to 500,000, in which the partial imidization with ammonia, C 1 -C 24 -monoalkylamines, C 6 -C 18 -aromatic monoamines, C 2 -C 18 -monoamino alcohols, monoaminated poly (C 2 -C 4 -alkylene) oxides of a Molar mass of 400 to 3000, and / or mono-etherified poly (C 2 -C 4 -alkylene) oxides having a molecular weight of 100 to 10,000 is carried out, wherein the molar ratio of anhydride copolymer / ammonia, amino groups C 1 -C 24 mono
• Particularly suitable as partially imidized copolymers of ethylenically unsaturated C 4 -C 20 -dicarboxylic anhydrides c) are C 12 -C 24 monoalkylamines such as oleylamine, dodecylamine, hexadecylamine, octadecylamine or eicosylamine, monosubstituted diamines of the N-dodecyl-1 type, 3-diaminopropane, N-octadecyl-1,3-diaminopropane or N-octadecylpropylene triamine or amino alcohols such as aminodecan-10-ol or aminohexadecan-16-ol imidated maleic anhydride copolymers.
• monoalkylamines such as oleylamine, dodecylamine, hexadecylamine, octadecylamine or eicosylamine
• the partially imidized copolymers of unsaturated dicarboxylic anhydrides and vinylaromatics and / or C 2 -C 36 - ⁇ -olefins as additive component c) are particularly preferably maleic anhydride- ⁇ -methylstyrene copolymers which are partially imidized with C 6 -C 24 -monoalkylamines and in which the molar ratio Anhydride groups in the copolymer / bound C 6 -C 24 monoalkylamine in the copolymer 8: 1 to 1.3: 1.
• mineral oils which form the major component in mineral oil formulations and minor proportions of an additive mixture are crude oils and petroleum distillates having a boiling range of 100 to 500 ° C, such as lubricating oils, kerosene, diesel, fuel oil, heavy fuel oils, kerosene, tractor fuel and cracked gasoline.
• the mineral oils may also contain up to 30% by weight of synthesis hydrocarbons from the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, up to 20% by weight modified vegetable oils based on sunflower oil, soybean oil, Rapeseed oil, or oils of animal origin, biodiesel and / or up to 10% by weight of alcohols such as methanol or ethanol.
• the mineral oils in the formulations of mineral oil and small amounts of an additive mixture are crude oils or fuel oils from a middle distillate with a sulfur content below 0.05% by weight, in particular heating oils, gas oils or diesel oils.
• the preferred content of the additive mixture in mineral oil is 0.01 to 0.3 mass%.
• the mineral oil may further comprise a total of 0 to 200% by weight, based on the sum of the additive components a) and b) or a) and c) or a), b) and c), further additive components of the fatty acid mixture type, polar nitrogen compounds, preferably polyamines, Etheramines, amino alcohols, amine salts, amides or imides of polybasic carboxylic acids; C 7 -C 30 -alcohols, polyalkylene glycols, esters or ethers of polyoxyalkylene compounds, unmodified ethylene-vinyl ester copolymers, hydrocarbon polymers, alkylphenol-aldehyde copolymers, aromatic compounds with C 8 -C 100 -alkyl substituents, carboxylated polyamines, detergents, corrosion inhibitors , Demulsifiers, metal deactivators, cetane improvers, defoamers and / or cosolvents.
• polar nitrogen compounds preferably polyamines, Et
• fatty acid mixtures contained in the mineral oil as further additive components are mixtures of saturated and / or unsaturated C 6 -C 40 -carboxylic acids, such as Lauric acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linolenic acid, dimer fatty acids and alkenyl succinic acids.
• polyamine polar nitrogen compounds contained in the mineral oil as further additive components are N-hexadecyl-1,3-diaminopropane, N-octadecyldipropylenetriamine, N-dodecyl-1,3-diaminopropane, N, N'-didodecyl-1,3- diaminopropane and N, N'-dioctadecyl dipropylene triamine.
• Examples of the polar nitrogen compounds of the etheramine type contained in the mineral oil as further additive components are 3-methoxypropylamine, 3-N-octyloxypropyl-1,3-diaminopropane and 3-N- (2,4,6-trimethyldecyloxypropyl) -1,3 -diaminopropan.
• Examples of the polar nitrogen compounds of the amino alcohols type contained in the mineral oil as further additive components are aminopentan-5-ol, aminoundecan-11-ol and 2-amino-2-methylpropanol.
• Examples of the amines used for the amines salts, amides or imides of polybasic carboxylic acids as further additive components are C 8 -C 40 -amines, such as hydrogenated tallamine, tetradecylamine, eicosylamine, dioctadecylamine, methylbehenylamine, N-oleyl-1,3-amines. diaminopropane, N-stearyl-1-methyl-1,3-diaminopropane or N-oleyldipropylenetriamine.
• Carboxylic acids are phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid.
• amine salt type polar nitrogen compounds contained in the mineral oil as other additive components are N-methyl triethanolammonium distearyl ester chloride and N-methyltriethanolammonium distearyl ester methosulfate.
• C 7 -C 30 -alcohols which may be contained as further additive components in the mineral oil are dodecanol, stearyl alcohol and ceryl alcohol.
• polyalkylene glycols which may be contained as further additive components in the mineral oil are polyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols and ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymers having molecular weights of from 500 to 5,000.
• esters of polyoxyalkylene compounds which may be present as further additive components in the mineral oil are C 10 -C 24 monoalkyl ester or dialkyl esters of polyalkylene glycols such as polyethylene glycol monostearyl ester or polypropylene glycol dioleate.
• ethers of polyoxyalkylene compounds which may be contained as further additive components in the mineral oil are C 1 -C 4 monoalkyl ethers or dialkyl ethers of polyalkylene glycols such as polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether or polypropylene glycol dibutyl ether.
• hydrocarbon polymers which may be included as further additive components in the mineral oil are copolymers of ethylene and C 3 -C 20 ⁇ -olefins such as ethylene-propylene copolymers or ethylene-dodecene copolymers or hydrogenated polymers of hydrogenated polyunsaturated monomers Diene copolymers such as hydrogenated polybutadiene or hydrogenated polyisoprene with molecular weight numbers up to 30,000.
• alkylphenol-aldehyde copolymers which may be included as further additive components in the mineral oil are copolymers which can be prepared by reacting alkylated phenols such as phenol-propylene oligomer adducts with paraformaldehyde.
• aromatic compounds having C 8 -C 100 -alkyl substituents which may be contained as further additive components in the mineral oil are compounds which can be prepared by Friedel-Kraft condensation of halogenated hydrocarbons such as halogenated polyethylene wax with aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene or naphthalene.
• detergents which may be present as further additive components in the mineral oil are aliphatic sulfonic acids such as C 8 -C 30 -alkanesulfonates or aromatic-aliphatic alkanesulfonates, in particular nonylbenzenesulfonic acid, dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, didodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and nonylnaphthalenesulfonic acid.
• aliphatic sulfonic acids such as C 8 -C 30 -alkanesulfonates or aromatic-aliphatic alkanesulfonates, in particular nonylbenzenesulfonic acid, dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, didodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and nonylnaphthalenesulfonic acid.
• demulsifiers which may be present as further additive components in the mineral oil are oxalkylated phenol-formaldehyde condensates, polyalkylene glycol-modified diglycidyl ethers, polyesteramines or alkoxylated fatty acids.
• cetane improvers which may be present as further additive components in the mineral oil are organic nitric acid esters such as ethylhexyl nitrate, cyclohexyl nitrate or ethoxyethyl nitrate, or soluble organic peroxides, hydroperoxides or peresters.
• Preferred defoamers which may be contained as further additive components in the mineral oil, are polyalkylene oxide-siloxane block copolymers and carboxylated polyamines.
• polyalkylene oxide-siloxane block copolymers are block copolymers containing a combination of trifunctional siloxane blocks such as monomethylsiloxane groups, difunctional siloxane groups such as dimethylsiloxane groups and monofunctional siloxane groups such as trimethylsiloxane groups; a preferred length of the siloxane blocks is 5 to 20 monomer units.
• the preferred length is 2 to 40 monomer units, preferably polyoxyalkylene blocks of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide units.
• carboxylated polyamines as defoamers are reaction products of C 8 -C 24 -fatty acids and amines such as ethylenediamine, butylenediamine, diethylenetriamine and pentaethylenehexamine-1,2-diaminobutanol.
• cosolvents which may be included as additional additive components in the mineral oil compositions are gasoline fractions, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, isononanol, ethylhexanol, dodecylphenol, epoxidized rapeseed oil and epoxidized soybean oil.
• the formulations of mineral oil as the main component and small proportions of an additive mixture are preferably suitable as flowable media to be transported at low temperatures and suitable as a mineral oil fuel with high lubricity and flowability.
• Examples of the flowable media to be transported at low temperatures are the transport of crude oil formulations from the crude oil production facility through pipelines for loading, storage and transport of diesel or heating oil formulations in pipelines.
• Lubricity test (corrected "wear scar diameter” at 60 ° C) according to ISO 12156-1
• a 500 ml sample is stored in a graduated cylinder for 16 h and then the 80% by volume of the sample present above is filtered off with suction and discarded. The remaining 20% by volume of the sample (100 ml) are homogenized at 40 ° C. and the cloud point (CP) according to DIN EN 23 015 is determined therefrom.
• a 500 ml mineral oil sample is shaken 20 x vertically, tempered for 16 h at 10 ° C, shaken 10 x vertically, and the entire sample is at once through a filter made of cellulose nitrate (diameter 50 mm, pore size 0.8 .mu.m), on a Suction cup with a vacuum of approx. 200 hPa is added, filtered. The time (s) in which the sample passes through the filter is determined. The SEDAB filtration test is passed if the sample passes the filter for a period ⁇ 120 s.
• Styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer partially modified with C 16 -C 18 fatty amine, number average molecular weight 9500 g / mol, acid number 29
• the additive solution according to 1.2 is injected at 0.48 kg / min into a product stream of diesel fuel additive 16080601 at 800 kg / min and transferred to a storage tank.
• the testing of the cold resistance of the mineral oil formulation results in a CFPP value of -10 ° C.
• the Lubricity test gives a wear scar diameter of 395 ⁇ m.
• the CFPP value is -3 ° C. and the wear scar diameter is 520 ⁇ m.
• Styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer partially modified with C 16 -C 18 fatty amine, number average molecular weight 21000 g / mol, acid number 37
• Vinyl acetate-ethylhexyl acrylate copolymer (molar ratio 1.5: 1, number average molecular weight 13500)
• the additive solution according to 2.2 is injected at 0.12 kg / min and transferred to a storage tank.
• the testing of the cold resistance of the mineral oil formulation results in a CFPP value of -10 ° C.
• the lubricity test gives a wear scar diameter of 387 ⁇ m.
• the CFPP value is -5 ° C. and the wear scar diameter is 528 ⁇ m.
• Styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer partially modified with C 16 -C 18 fatty amine, number average molecular weight 9500 g / mol, acid number 25
• the additive solution according to 3.2 is injected at 0.24 kg / min into a product stream of non-additive fuel oil batch 030225 at 800 kg / min and transferred to a storage tank.
• the CFPP value is -13 ° C.
• the additive solution according to 4.2 is injected at 0.28 kg / min and transferred to a storage tank.
• the CFPP value is -1 ° C.
• Octadecyl acrylate-ethyl acrylate copolymer (molar ratio 4: 1, number average molecular weight 13500)
• the additive solution according to 5.2 is injected at 0.48 kg / min into a product stream of diesel fuel additive 16080601 at 800 kg / min and transferred to a storage tank.
• the testing of the cold resistance of the mineral oil formulation results in a CFPP value of -17 ° C.
• the CP value of the short-term sediment test is + 6 ° C.
• the SEDAB filtration test is passed (500 ml in 75 s).
• the CFPP value is -3 ° C.
• the CP value of the short-term sediment test is + 10 ° C.
• the SEDAB filtration test is considered failed (468 ml in> 120 s).
• Octadecene-maleic anhydride copolymer partially-imidized with C 16 -C 18 -fatty amine, acid number 40, number-average molecular weight 4200 g / mol,
• the additive solution according to 6.2 is injected at 0.24 kg / min and transferred to a storage tank.
• the additive solution according to 7.2 is injected at 0.24 kg / min and transferred to a storage tank.
• the CFPP value is -13 ° C.
• the CFPP value is -3 ° C.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Emergency Medicine (AREA)
• Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=34524053

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Families Citing this family (6)

Family Cites Families (26)

• 2004
  • 2004-10-15 EA EA200600804A patent/EA011358B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2004-10-15 JP JP2006535936A patent/JP4991302B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2004-10-15 US US10/577,006 patent/US7776801B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2004-10-15 KR KR1020067007765A patent/KR100749220B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2004-10-15 CA CA002542935A patent/CA2542935C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2004-10-15 ES ES04790006T patent/ES2402928T3/es active Active
  • 2004-10-15 EP EP04790006A patent/EP1685216B1/de not_active Not-in-force
  • 2004-10-15 WO PCT/DE2004/002314 patent/WO2005040315A1/de active Application Filing

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events