EP1685216B1 - Formulation comprenant de l'huile minérale et un mélange d'additifs - Google Patents

Formulation comprenant de l'huile minérale et un mélange d'additifs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1685216B1
EP1685216B1 EP04790006A EP04790006A EP1685216B1 EP 1685216 B1 EP1685216 B1 EP 1685216B1 EP 04790006 A EP04790006 A EP 04790006A EP 04790006 A EP04790006 A EP 04790006A EP 1685216 B1 EP1685216 B1 EP 1685216B1
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Prior art keywords
mass
mineral oil
ethylene
vinyl acetate
additive
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EP04790006A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1685216A1 (fr
Inventor
Hiltrud TÄUBERT
Wolfgang Haubold
Torsten Meyer
Erhard Brauer
Dietrich Von Der Wense
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Innospec Leuna GmbH
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Innospec Leuna GmbH
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Priority claimed from DE2003149864 external-priority patent/DE10349864B4/de
Priority claimed from DE2003149865 external-priority patent/DE10349865B4/de
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Publication of EP1685216A1 publication Critical patent/EP1685216A1/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/08—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving lubricity; for reducing wear
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/143—Organic compounds mixtures of organic macromolecular compounds with organic non-macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/195—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10L1/1955—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehyde, ketonic, ketal, acetal radical
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
    • C10L1/191—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters of di- or polyhydroxyalcohols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/195—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10L1/197—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and an acyloxy group of a saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid
    • C10L1/1973—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and an acyloxy group of a saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid mono-carboxylic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/234—Macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/236—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derivatives thereof
    • C10L1/2364—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derivatives thereof homo- or copolymers derived from unsaturated compounds containing amide and/or imide groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2300/00—Mixture of two or more additives covered by the same group of C10L1/00 - C10L1/308
    • C10L2300/30—Mixture of three components

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a formulation of mineral oil as the main component and small proportions of an additive mixture, and to a method for producing a formulation of mineral oil as the main component and small proportions of an additive mixture.
  • Formulations of mineral oils as the main component and small amounts of additive mixtures of conventional unmodified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, hydrocarbon polymers, esterified maleic anhydride-olefin copolymers, polar nitrogen compounds such as amine salts of polybasic carboxylic acids and esterified polyoxyalkylenes are known ( WO 94/10267 A1 . WO 95/33 012 A1 . EP 0 921 183 A1 . WO 93/14178 A1 . EP 0 889 323 A1 ).
  • Disadvantages are the insufficient flow behavior and the shelf life of these formulations at low temperatures and the limited lubricity of the formulations when the mineral oil component has a sulfur content below 0.005% by mass.
  • the object of the invention is an additive mixture as part of a formulation of mineral oil as the main component and small proportions of an additive mixture, which has an improved flow behavior and improved storage stability at low temperatures and improved Has lubricity.
  • the improved flow behavior is intended to achieve energy savings in the pump units, by means of which these recipes are transported.
  • the development of the additive mixtures is to be carried out from the viewpoint of the use of mineral oils with very low sulfur content in order to achieve fuels of improved environmental compatibility with regard to the pollutant emissions of vehicles.
  • vinyl ester components which may be contained in the modified ethylene-vinyl ester copolymers are vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, 2-ethylhexyl vinyl ester, vinyl laurate, 2-hydroxyethyl vinyl ester and 4-hydroxybutyl vinyl ester.
  • the ethylene-vinyl ester copolymers may contain as further unsaturated ester components 1 to 30% by weight, based on the vinyl ester, of (meth) acrylic acid esters such as methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, dodecyl acrylate or hydroxyethyl methacrylate and / or vinyl ethers such as octyl vinyl ether or hexanediol monovinyl ether.
  • acrylic acid esters such as methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, dodecyl acrylate or hydroxyethyl methacrylate and / or vinyl ethers such as octyl vinyl
  • Modification of the ethylene-vinyl ester copolymers by polar groups consists of reacting the ethylene-vinyl ester-vinyl alcohol copolymers with aldehydes to give hemiacetals or grafting polar, ethylenically unsaturated monomers onto the copolymer.
  • the polar group-modified ethylene-vinyl ester copolymers contained in the additive mixture are, on the one hand, hemiacetals of ethylene-vinyl ester-vinyl alcohol copolymers with butyraldehyde.
  • hemiacetals of ethylene-vinyl ester-vinyl alcohol copolymers with butyraldehyde are hemiacetals of ethylene-vinyl acetate-vinyl alcohol copolymers, according to DD 295 507 A7 have been reacted in heterogeneous phase with butyraldehyde.
  • the graft modification of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers can be carried out by reaction with the unsaturated monomers in the extruder ( DD 282 462 B5 ) or in the stirred reactor ( DD 293 125 B5 ) in the presence of thermally decomposing radical formers. It is also possible to carry out the modification in the preparation of the copolymer by the high-pressure process by metering the monomers into the polymer melt in the low-pressure separator or in the discharge extruder.
  • the vinyl acetate grafted ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers have molecular weight average molecular weights of from 800 to 5,000 and a total vinyl acetate content of from 20 to 60% by weight, with the vinyl acetate content of the copolymer backbone being 10 to 40% by weight and the grafted vinyl acetate side chains being 10 to 20% by weight.
  • the modified ethylene-vinyl ester copolymers may contain up to 35% by weight of poly-C 6 -C 36 alkyl (meth) acrylates and / or unmodified ethylene-vinyl ester copolymers.
  • polyalcohols which are contained as alcohol component in the esters of C 2 -C 6 polyalcohols and C 12 -C 40 monocarboxylic acids b) of the additive mixture are ethylene glycol, polyalkylene glycols, glycerol, 1,1,1-tris (hydroxymethyl ) propane, pentaerythritol and sorbitol.
  • Examples of C 12 -C 40 -monocarboxylic acids which are contained as carboxylic acid component in the esters of C 2 -C 6 -polyalcohols with C 12 -C 40 -monocarboxylic acids b) of the additive mixture are lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, Ricinoleic acid, eleostearic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid and erucic acid, or dimer acids based on oleic acid or linolenic acid.
  • esters of C 2 -C 6 -polyalcohols with C 12 -C 40 -monocarboxylic acids b) are mixed esters of polyalcohols in which the polyalcohols are esterified by mixtures of C 12 -C 40 -monocarboxylic acids.
  • Specific examples of the esters of C 2 -C 6 polyalcohols with C 12 -C 40 monocarboxylic acids are the monoesters of ethylene glycol with dilinolenic acid, a C 36 dimer acid, the diesters of propylene glycol with oleic acid and the triesters of pentaerythritol with stearic acid ,
  • esters of C 2 -C 6 polyalcohols and C 12 -C 40 monocarboxylic acids b) are esters of unsaturated C 16 -C 24 monocarboxylic acids with C 3 -C 4 polyalcohols, the proportion of C 22 monocarboxylic acids , based on the total mass of C 16 -C 24 monocarboxylic acids, 45 to 52% by mass.
  • Examples of unsaturated C 16 -C 24 -monocarboxylic acids which may be contained in the preferred esters of unsaturated C 16 -C 24 -monocarboxylic acids with C 3 -C 4 -polyalcohols as additive component b) are oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid and erucic acid.
  • Suitable vinylaromatics as comonomers which may be present as monomer components in the partially and / or completely imidized copolymers of ethylenically unsaturated C 4 -C 20 -dicarboxylic anhydrides c) of the additive mixtures are styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene and vinylpyridine.
  • Examples of suitable C 2 -C 36 - ⁇ -olefins as comonomers which may be present as monomer components in the partially and / or completely imidized copolymers of ethylenically unsaturated C 4 -C 20 -dicarboxylic anhydrides c) of the additive mixtures are ethylenically unsaturated monomers of Type C 2 -C 20 olefins, C 4 -C 21 acrylic esters, C 5 -C 22 methacrylic acid esters, C 5 -C 14 vinyl silanes, C 6 -C 15 acrylatesilanes, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylonitrile, vinyloxazoline , Isopropenyloxazoline, vinyl pyrrolidone, amino C 1 -C 8 alkyl (meth) acrylates, C 3 -C 20 vinyl esters, C 3 -C 20 vinyl ethers and / or hydroxy C 1 -C 8 alkyl (meth
  • Preferred comonomers as monomer components in the partially and / or completely imidized copolymers of ethylenically unsaturated C 4 -C 20 -dicarboxylic anhydrides c) of the additive mixtures are isobutylene, diisobutylene, vinyl acetate, styrene and ⁇ -methylstyrene.
  • the partially imidized copolymers of C 4 -C 20 -ethylenically unsaturated acid anhydrides and vinylaromatics and / or C 2 -C 36 - ⁇ -olefins as additive component c) preferably have a molar ratio of 1 : 1 to 1: 9 and weight average molecular weight of 5,000 to 500,000, in which the partial imidization with ammonia, C 1 -C 24 -monoalkylamines, C 6 -C 18 -aromatic monoamines, C 2 -C 18 -monoamino alcohols, monoaminated poly (C 2 -C 4 -alkylene) oxides of a Molar mass of 400 to 3000, and / or mono-etherified poly (C 2 -C 4 -alkylene) oxides having a molecular weight of 100 to 10,000 is carried out, wherein the molar ratio of anhydride copolymer / ammonia, amino groups C 1 -C 24 mono
  • Particularly suitable as partially imidized copolymers of ethylenically unsaturated C 4 -C 20 -dicarboxylic anhydrides c) are C 12 -C 24 monoalkylamines such as oleylamine, dodecylamine, hexadecylamine, octadecylamine or eicosylamine, monosubstituted diamines of the N-dodecyl-1 type, 3-diaminopropane, N-octadecyl-1,3-diaminopropane or N-octadecylpropylene triamine or amino alcohols such as aminodecan-10-ol or aminohexadecan-16-ol imidated maleic anhydride copolymers.
  • monoalkylamines such as oleylamine, dodecylamine, hexadecylamine, octadecylamine or eicosylamine
  • the partially imidized copolymers of unsaturated dicarboxylic anhydrides and vinylaromatics and / or C 2 -C 36 - ⁇ -olefins as additive component c) are particularly preferably maleic anhydride- ⁇ -methylstyrene copolymers which are partially imidized with C 6 -C 24 -monoalkylamines and in which the molar ratio Anhydride groups in the copolymer / bound C 6 -C 24 monoalkylamine in the copolymer 8: 1 to 1.3: 1.
  • mineral oils which form the major component in mineral oil formulations and minor proportions of an additive mixture are crude oils and petroleum distillates having a boiling range of 100 to 500 ° C, such as lubricating oils, kerosene, diesel, fuel oil, heavy fuel oils, kerosene, tractor fuel and cracked gasoline.
  • the mineral oils may also contain up to 30% by weight of synthesis hydrocarbons from the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, up to 20% by weight modified vegetable oils based on sunflower oil, soybean oil, Rapeseed oil, or oils of animal origin, biodiesel and / or up to 10% by weight of alcohols such as methanol or ethanol.
  • the mineral oils in the formulations of mineral oil and small amounts of an additive mixture are crude oils or fuel oils from a middle distillate with a sulfur content below 0.05% by weight, in particular heating oils, gas oils or diesel oils.
  • the preferred content of the additive mixture in mineral oil is 0.01 to 0.3 mass%.
  • the mineral oil may further comprise a total of 0 to 200% by weight, based on the sum of the additive components a) and b) or a) and c) or a), b) and c), further additive components of the fatty acid mixture type, polar nitrogen compounds, preferably polyamines, Etheramines, amino alcohols, amine salts, amides or imides of polybasic carboxylic acids; C 7 -C 30 -alcohols, polyalkylene glycols, esters or ethers of polyoxyalkylene compounds, unmodified ethylene-vinyl ester copolymers, hydrocarbon polymers, alkylphenol-aldehyde copolymers, aromatic compounds with C 8 -C 100 -alkyl substituents, carboxylated polyamines, detergents, corrosion inhibitors , Demulsifiers, metal deactivators, cetane improvers, defoamers and / or cosolvents.
  • polar nitrogen compounds preferably polyamines, Et
  • fatty acid mixtures contained in the mineral oil as further additive components are mixtures of saturated and / or unsaturated C 6 -C 40 -carboxylic acids, such as Lauric acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linolenic acid, dimer fatty acids and alkenyl succinic acids.
  • polyamine polar nitrogen compounds contained in the mineral oil as further additive components are N-hexadecyl-1,3-diaminopropane, N-octadecyldipropylenetriamine, N-dodecyl-1,3-diaminopropane, N, N'-didodecyl-1,3- diaminopropane and N, N'-dioctadecyl dipropylene triamine.
  • Examples of the polar nitrogen compounds of the etheramine type contained in the mineral oil as further additive components are 3-methoxypropylamine, 3-N-octyloxypropyl-1,3-diaminopropane and 3-N- (2,4,6-trimethyldecyloxypropyl) -1,3 -diaminopropan.
  • Examples of the polar nitrogen compounds of the amino alcohols type contained in the mineral oil as further additive components are aminopentan-5-ol, aminoundecan-11-ol and 2-amino-2-methylpropanol.
  • Examples of the amines used for the amines salts, amides or imides of polybasic carboxylic acids as further additive components are C 8 -C 40 -amines, such as hydrogenated tallamine, tetradecylamine, eicosylamine, dioctadecylamine, methylbehenylamine, N-oleyl-1,3-amines. diaminopropane, N-stearyl-1-methyl-1,3-diaminopropane or N-oleyldipropylenetriamine.
  • Carboxylic acids are phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid.
  • amine salt type polar nitrogen compounds contained in the mineral oil as other additive components are N-methyl triethanolammonium distearyl ester chloride and N-methyltriethanolammonium distearyl ester methosulfate.
  • C 7 -C 30 -alcohols which may be contained as further additive components in the mineral oil are dodecanol, stearyl alcohol and ceryl alcohol.
  • polyalkylene glycols which may be contained as further additive components in the mineral oil are polyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols and ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymers having molecular weights of from 500 to 5,000.
  • esters of polyoxyalkylene compounds which may be present as further additive components in the mineral oil are C 10 -C 24 monoalkyl ester or dialkyl esters of polyalkylene glycols such as polyethylene glycol monostearyl ester or polypropylene glycol dioleate.
  • ethers of polyoxyalkylene compounds which may be contained as further additive components in the mineral oil are C 1 -C 4 monoalkyl ethers or dialkyl ethers of polyalkylene glycols such as polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether or polypropylene glycol dibutyl ether.
  • hydrocarbon polymers which may be included as further additive components in the mineral oil are copolymers of ethylene and C 3 -C 20 ⁇ -olefins such as ethylene-propylene copolymers or ethylene-dodecene copolymers or hydrogenated polymers of hydrogenated polyunsaturated monomers Diene copolymers such as hydrogenated polybutadiene or hydrogenated polyisoprene with molecular weight numbers up to 30,000.
  • alkylphenol-aldehyde copolymers which may be included as further additive components in the mineral oil are copolymers which can be prepared by reacting alkylated phenols such as phenol-propylene oligomer adducts with paraformaldehyde.
  • aromatic compounds having C 8 -C 100 -alkyl substituents which may be contained as further additive components in the mineral oil are compounds which can be prepared by Friedel-Kraft condensation of halogenated hydrocarbons such as halogenated polyethylene wax with aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene or naphthalene.
  • detergents which may be present as further additive components in the mineral oil are aliphatic sulfonic acids such as C 8 -C 30 -alkanesulfonates or aromatic-aliphatic alkanesulfonates, in particular nonylbenzenesulfonic acid, dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, didodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and nonylnaphthalenesulfonic acid.
  • aliphatic sulfonic acids such as C 8 -C 30 -alkanesulfonates or aromatic-aliphatic alkanesulfonates, in particular nonylbenzenesulfonic acid, dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, didodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and nonylnaphthalenesulfonic acid.
  • demulsifiers which may be present as further additive components in the mineral oil are oxalkylated phenol-formaldehyde condensates, polyalkylene glycol-modified diglycidyl ethers, polyesteramines or alkoxylated fatty acids.
  • cetane improvers which may be present as further additive components in the mineral oil are organic nitric acid esters such as ethylhexyl nitrate, cyclohexyl nitrate or ethoxyethyl nitrate, or soluble organic peroxides, hydroperoxides or peresters.
  • Preferred defoamers which may be contained as further additive components in the mineral oil, are polyalkylene oxide-siloxane block copolymers and carboxylated polyamines.
  • polyalkylene oxide-siloxane block copolymers are block copolymers containing a combination of trifunctional siloxane blocks such as monomethylsiloxane groups, difunctional siloxane groups such as dimethylsiloxane groups and monofunctional siloxane groups such as trimethylsiloxane groups; a preferred length of the siloxane blocks is 5 to 20 monomer units.
  • the preferred length is 2 to 40 monomer units, preferably polyoxyalkylene blocks of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide units.
  • carboxylated polyamines as defoamers are reaction products of C 8 -C 24 -fatty acids and amines such as ethylenediamine, butylenediamine, diethylenetriamine and pentaethylenehexamine-1,2-diaminobutanol.
  • cosolvents which may be included as additional additive components in the mineral oil compositions are gasoline fractions, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, isononanol, ethylhexanol, dodecylphenol, epoxidized rapeseed oil and epoxidized soybean oil.
  • the formulations of mineral oil as the main component and small proportions of an additive mixture are preferably suitable as flowable media to be transported at low temperatures and suitable as a mineral oil fuel with high lubricity and flowability.
  • Examples of the flowable media to be transported at low temperatures are the transport of crude oil formulations from the crude oil production facility through pipelines for loading, storage and transport of diesel or heating oil formulations in pipelines.
  • Lubricity test (corrected "wear scar diameter” at 60 ° C) according to ISO 12156-1
  • a 500 ml sample is stored in a graduated cylinder for 16 h and then the 80% by volume of the sample present above is filtered off with suction and discarded. The remaining 20% by volume of the sample (100 ml) are homogenized at 40 ° C. and the cloud point (CP) according to DIN EN 23 015 is determined therefrom.
  • a 500 ml mineral oil sample is shaken 20 x vertically, tempered for 16 h at 10 ° C, shaken 10 x vertically, and the entire sample is at once through a filter made of cellulose nitrate (diameter 50 mm, pore size 0.8 .mu.m), on a Suction cup with a vacuum of approx. 200 hPa is added, filtered. The time (s) in which the sample passes through the filter is determined. The SEDAB filtration test is passed if the sample passes the filter for a period ⁇ 120 s.
  • Styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer partially modified with C 16 -C 18 fatty amine, number average molecular weight 9500 g / mol, acid number 29
  • the additive solution according to 1.2 is injected at 0.48 kg / min into a product stream of diesel fuel additive 16080601 at 800 kg / min and transferred to a storage tank.
  • the testing of the cold resistance of the mineral oil formulation results in a CFPP value of -10 ° C.
  • the Lubricity test gives a wear scar diameter of 395 ⁇ m.
  • the CFPP value is -3 ° C. and the wear scar diameter is 520 ⁇ m.
  • Styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer partially modified with C 16 -C 18 fatty amine, number average molecular weight 21000 g / mol, acid number 37
  • Vinyl acetate-ethylhexyl acrylate copolymer (molar ratio 1.5: 1, number average molecular weight 13500)
  • the additive solution according to 2.2 is injected at 0.12 kg / min and transferred to a storage tank.
  • the testing of the cold resistance of the mineral oil formulation results in a CFPP value of -10 ° C.
  • the lubricity test gives a wear scar diameter of 387 ⁇ m.
  • the CFPP value is -5 ° C. and the wear scar diameter is 528 ⁇ m.
  • Styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer partially modified with C 16 -C 18 fatty amine, number average molecular weight 9500 g / mol, acid number 25
  • the additive solution according to 3.2 is injected at 0.24 kg / min into a product stream of non-additive fuel oil batch 030225 at 800 kg / min and transferred to a storage tank.
  • the CFPP value is -13 ° C.
  • the additive solution according to 4.2 is injected at 0.28 kg / min and transferred to a storage tank.
  • the CFPP value is -1 ° C.
  • Octadecyl acrylate-ethyl acrylate copolymer (molar ratio 4: 1, number average molecular weight 13500)
  • the additive solution according to 5.2 is injected at 0.48 kg / min into a product stream of diesel fuel additive 16080601 at 800 kg / min and transferred to a storage tank.
  • the testing of the cold resistance of the mineral oil formulation results in a CFPP value of -17 ° C.
  • the CP value of the short-term sediment test is + 6 ° C.
  • the SEDAB filtration test is passed (500 ml in 75 s).
  • the CFPP value is -3 ° C.
  • the CP value of the short-term sediment test is + 10 ° C.
  • the SEDAB filtration test is considered failed (468 ml in> 120 s).
  • Octadecene-maleic anhydride copolymer partially-imidized with C 16 -C 18 -fatty amine, acid number 40, number-average molecular weight 4200 g / mol,
  • the additive solution according to 6.2 is injected at 0.24 kg / min and transferred to a storage tank.
  • the additive solution according to 7.2 is injected at 0.24 kg / min and transferred to a storage tank.
  • the CFPP value is -13 ° C.
  • the CFPP value is -3 ° C.

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Claims (7)

  1. Formulation ayant l'huile minérale comme composant principal et comportant de faibles proportions d'un mélange d'additifs, caractérisée en ce que ledit mélange d'additifs contient les composants d'additif suivants
    a) des copolymères d'éthylène / ester vinylique modifiés avec des groupes polaires et dont la masse moléculaire moyenne en poids est comprise entre 3 000 et 50 000 et dont la proportion d'éthylène est comprise entre 50 et 90 % en poids,
    les copolymères d'éthylène / ester vinylique modifiés avec des groupes polaires étant
    a1) des hémiacétals que des copolymères d'éthylène /alcool vinylique forment avec le butyraldéhyde
    et/ou
    a2) des copolymères d'éthylène / acétate de vinyle greffés à l'acétate de vinyle et dont la masse moléculaire moyenne en nombre est comprise entre 800 et 5 000 et dont la teneur globale en acétate de vinyle est comprise entre 20 et 60 % en poids, la teneur en acétate de vinyle de la chaîne principale du copolymère étant comprise entre 10 et 40 % en poids et la proportion des chaînes latérales d'acétate de vinyle greffées étant comprise entre 10 et 20 % en poids,
    et
    b) des esters de polyalcools en C2-C6 et d'acides monocarboxyliques en C12-C40,
    et/ou
    c) des copolymères partiellement ou complètement imidisés, lesquels sont préparés à partir d'anhydrides d'acides dicarboxyliques en C4-C20 insaturés et de composés aromatiques vinyliques et/ou d'α-oléfines en C2-C36,
    la teneur dudit mélange d'additifs dans ladite huile minérale étant comprise entre 0,005 et 1 % en poids, et le rapport pondéral des composants d'additif a/b ou a/c ou a/(b+c) étant compris, dans chacun des cas, entre 10 : 90 et 90 : 10.
  2. Formulation selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que lesdits esters de polyalcools en C2-C6 et d'acides monocarboxyliques en C12-C40 sont des esters que des acides monocarboxyliques insaturés en C16-C24 forment avec des polyalcools en C3-C4, la proportion d'acides monocarboxyliques en C22 étant comprise entre 45 et 52 % en poids, par rapport au poids total des acides monocarboxyliques en C16-C24.
  3. Formulation selon les revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que lesdits copolymères partiellement imidisés, lesquels sont préparés à partir d'anhydrides d'acides dicarboxyliques insaturés et de composés aromatiques vinyliques, sont des copolymères d'anhydride maléique / α-méthylstyrène partiellement imidisés avec des monoalkylamines en C6-C24 chez lesquels le rapport molaire entre les groupes anhydride au sein du copolymère / la monoalkylamine en C6-C24 liée au sein du copolymère est compris entre 8 : 1 et 1,3 : 1.
  4. Composition à base d'huile minérale selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que lesdites huiles minérales sont des pétroles bruts ou bien des carburants liquides composés d'un distillat moyen ayant une teneur en soufre inférieure à 0,05 % en poids, s'agissant préférentiellement de mazouts, des gasoils ou de carburants diésel.
  5. Formulation à base d'huile minérale selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que ladite huile minérale contient au total 0 à 200 % en poids, par rapport à la somme des composants d'additif a) et b) ou a) et c) ou a), b) et c), d'autres composants d'additif de type mélange d'acides gras, composés azotés polaires, s'agissant préférentiellement de polyamines, d'étheramines, de sel d'amines, d'amides ou d'imides d'acides carboxyliques multifonctionnels ; d'alcools en C7-C30, de polyalkylène glycols, d'esters ou éthers de composés de polyalkylène oxyde, de copolymères d'éthylène / ester vinylique non-modifiés, de polymères d'hydrocarbures, de copolymères alkylphénol / aldéhyde, de composés aromatiques pourvus de substituants d'alkyle en C8-C100, de polyamines carboxylées, de détergents, d'inhibiteurs de corrosion, de démulsifiants, de désactivateurs de métaux, d'agents procétane, d'antimoussants et/ou de co-solvants.
  6. Procédé de préparation de formulations ayant l'huile minérale comme composant principal et comportant de faibles proportions d'un mélange d'additifs, caractérisé en ce que des formulations contenant les composants d'additif suivants
    a) copolymères d'éthylène / ester vinylique modifiés avec des groupes polaires et dont la masse moléculaire moyenne en poids est comprise entre 3 000 et 50 000 et dont la proportion d'éthylène est comprise entre 50 et 90 % en poids,
    les copolymères d'éthylène / ester vinylique modifiés avec des groupes polaires étant
    a1) des hémiacétals que des copolymères d'éthylène /alcool vinylique forment avec le butyraldéhyde
    et/ou
    a2) des copolymères d'éthylène / acétate de vinyle greffés à l'acétate de vinyle et dont la masse moléculaire moyenne en nombre est comprise entre 800 et 5 000 et dont la teneur globale en acétate de vinyle est comprise entre 20 et 60 % en poids, la teneur en acétate de vinyle de la chaîne principale du copolymère étant comprise entre 10 et 40 % en poids et la proportion des chaînes latérales d'acétate de vinyle greffées étant comprise entre 10 et 20 % en poids, et
    b) esters de polyalcools en C2-C6 et d'acide carboxyliques en C12-C40
    et/ou
    c) des copolymères partiellement et/ou complètement imidisés, lesquels sont préparés à partir d'anhydrides d'acides dicarboxyliques en C4-C20 insaturés et de composés aromatiques vinyliques et/ou d'α-oléfines en C2-C36,
    la teneur dudit mélange d'additifs dans ladite huile minérale étant comprise entre 0,005 et 1 % en poids, et le rapport pondéral des composants d'additif a/b ou a/c ou a/(b+c) étant comprise entre 10 : 90 et 90 : 10,
    sont préparées selon un procédé de pré-homogénéisation, dans lequel
    - dans la première étape, on produit à des températures comprises entre 20 et 90 °C des solutions contenant 1 à 60 % en poids de composants d'additif dans des distillats moyens d'huile minérale, et
    - dans la deuxième étape, on homogénéise lesdites solutions contenant des composants d'additif avec le composant principal constitué par ladite huile minérale, les autres composants d'additif ajoutés à ladite huile minérale dans la première et/ou la deuxième étape représentant au total 0 à 200 % poids, par rapport à la somme des composants d'additif a) et b) ou a) et c) ou a), b) et c).
  7. Utilisation de formulations selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 5 en tant que milieux fluides pouvant être transportés à basse température ou en tant que carburant d'huile minérale présentant une bonne action lubrifiante et une bonne fluidité.
EP04790006A 2003-10-22 2004-10-15 Formulation comprenant de l'huile minérale et un mélange d'additifs Not-in-force EP1685216B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2003149864 DE10349864B4 (de) 2003-10-22 2003-10-22 Additivmischung als Bestandteil einer Mineralölrezeptur
DE2003149865 DE10349865B4 (de) 2003-10-22 2003-10-22 Additivmischung als Bestandteil einer Rezeptur aus Mineralöl
PCT/DE2004/002314 WO2005040315A1 (fr) 2003-10-22 2004-10-15 Melange d'additifs utilise comme constituant d'une formulation a base d'huile minerale

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EP1685216B1 true EP1685216B1 (fr) 2013-01-30

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EP2299811B1 (fr) * 2008-05-15 2019-03-06 Angus Chemical Company Contrôle microbien dans des compositions hydrocarbonées
CN101544735B (zh) * 2009-04-10 2011-12-28 华东理工大学 一种三元梳型共聚物及其制备方法和应用
SG190047A1 (en) * 2010-11-19 2013-06-28 Chevron Oronite Co Method for cleaning deposits from an engine fuel delivery system
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JP4991302B2 (ja) 2012-08-01
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KR20060090252A (ko) 2006-08-10
EA011358B1 (ru) 2009-02-27
US20070219100A1 (en) 2007-09-20
JP2007509210A (ja) 2007-04-12
CA2542935A1 (fr) 2005-05-06
US7776801B2 (en) 2010-08-17
KR100749220B1 (ko) 2007-08-13
WO2005040315A1 (fr) 2005-05-06
EP1685216A1 (fr) 2006-08-02
ES2402928T3 (es) 2013-05-10

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