EP1681113B1 - Schmiedepresse des heissen Matrizentyps und Wärmeisolationsmittel für derselben - Google Patents

Schmiedepresse des heissen Matrizentyps und Wärmeisolationsmittel für derselben Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1681113B1
EP1681113B1 EP06100297A EP06100297A EP1681113B1 EP 1681113 B1 EP1681113 B1 EP 1681113B1 EP 06100297 A EP06100297 A EP 06100297A EP 06100297 A EP06100297 A EP 06100297A EP 1681113 B1 EP1681113 B1 EP 1681113B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
temperature
press
layer
thermal conductivity
forging
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EP06100297A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1681113A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Bergue
Gilbert Leconte
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Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
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SNECMA SAS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K29/00—Arrangements for heating or cooling during processing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/34—Heating or cooling presses or parts thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a forging press of the hot die type, in particular for isothermal forging, and a thermal insulation means for the press.
  • forging the hot die type an upper die is lowered against a lower die to gradually press the workpiece, the dies being heated at high temperature (typically above 800 ° C).
  • high temperature typically above 800 ° C.
  • the material of the part to be forged is, because of the temperature, in a state corresponding to its field of forgeability.
  • the forging time in forging of the hot die type is relatively long, and is not reduced at least to a momentary moment corresponding to a shock.
  • This type of forging is generally used to form difficult to forge parts, for example having large areas or using metallurgically complex materials.
  • the invention firstly relates to a forging press of the hot die type, and more specifically to an isothermal forging press, that is to say a forging in which the dies and the part to be forged are maintained at the same temperature, constant, throughout the forging process.
  • the invention is also applicable to the more general case of hot die forging, in which the dies are kept at a constant temperature and where the part, heated before forging at a temperature higher than that of the dies, cools in the course of time. surgery.
  • a hot die type forging press generally comprises a lower die and an upper die, supported by a lower table and a top press table, possibly via a support plate.
  • the temperature in the material of the piece to be forged must be homogeneous, in order to avoid the appearance of forge defects such as folds or cracks, and to promote the obtaining of high-performance microstructures in the workpiece, the dies are at a very high level temperatures (over 800 ° C), whereas the tables, or the intermediate trays, often made of steel, must remain at a low temperature to preserve their mechanical properties. It is therefore necessary to ensure good thermal insulation between the dies and their table, or tray, support.
  • the prior art teaches to provide, between each matrix and its support element, a thermal insulation means comprising a succession of plates (generally two to three) of high thickness of metal alloys and materials having a low thermal conductivity, for example massive ceramics such as zirconia, silica or pyrolithic graphite, and having a high mechanical strength at high temperature.
  • the document JP 63 171 239 proposes to provide a layer of ceramic material (Si 3 N 4 or ZrO 2 ) between each intermediate plate, arranged in a juxtaposed column structure and polygonal section.
  • these insulation means have a very large thickness, because the thermal gradient between the dies and their support elements is very large.
  • the thickness of such a means can be, for each table of a 4000 ton press, 600 millimeters, or in total for the press 1200 millimeters, which reduces by the same height available between the tables to place the piece to be forged.
  • these insulating means use a large volume of intrinsically expensive materials (superalloys based on nickel, cobalt-based alloys, ceramics) and difficult to machine. Their cost is therefore very high.
  • the Applicant has sought to reduce the thickness of the insulation means for hot die type forging presses to overcome the disadvantages presented above.
  • the invention relates to a hot die type forging press according to claim 1.
  • the materials with low thermal conductivity often have a low mechanical strength at high temperature, it is possible to lower the temperature sufficiently thanks to the layer of the first material so that the second material is in a temperature zone. in which its mechanical properties are sufficient for its use in press, this second material to isolate effectively, thanks to its low thermal conductivity, the support element relative to the matrix.
  • the thickness of the means can thus be small: it suffices that the thickness of the first layer is sufficient to thermally protect the second layer, so that it retains its mechanical properties, which can then be very thin if it has a very low thermal conductivity.
  • the matrix support members are made of steel.
  • the press is arranged for forging parts under a pressure greater than 20 MPa.
  • the first material is a ceramic.
  • the Applicant was able to design a means of insulation, for a press of 4000 tons, of total thickness, for the two layers, of 100 millimeters, thus reducing the thickness by more than 83%. insulation compared to the prior art.
  • the invention also relates to an insulation means for the hot die type forging press according to claim 6.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to isothermal forging, but the applicant does not intend to limit the scope of its rights to this application.
  • the hot die-type forging press 1 of the invention comprises a lower press table 2 and an upper press table 3 situated opposite the lower table 2.
  • the upper table 3 can be moved in vertical translation with respect to the lower table 2.
  • the lower table 2 and the upper table 3 each support an intermediate plate, lower 4 and upper 5, respectively, here steel.
  • Each intermediate plate 4, 5 supports a matrix, lower 7 and upper 8, respectively, for holding and pressing a part 9 to be forged.
  • the forging part 9 typically comprises a metal alloy, requiring the use of a hot die type forging process. In this case, it is an isothermal forging. Lateral isolation means, not shown and well known to those skilled in the art, allow the implementation of such a method.
  • a means 6, 6 'of thermal insulation is housed between each plate 4, 5 and the matrix 7, 8 which it supports.
  • the two thermal insulation means 6, 6 ' are here identical and are in the form of a parallelepiped shaped plate with polygonal base, adapted to the geometry of the plate 4, 5 and the matrix 7, 8 between which they are housed, rotated in one direction or the other depending on whether they are in the lower (6) or upper (6 ') position.
  • the shape of the trays, matrices and thermal insulation means is here given for information only and is not limiting.
  • the trays and dies could comprise a circular or polygonal section, the insulation means then being in the form of a plate with a circular or polygonal base adapted.
  • the matrices 7 and 8 are heated to an elevated temperature T, for example, for a forging part 9 made of titanium alloy or nickel alloy, greater than 800 ° C., by appropriate heating means, for example electric resistors. , not shown.
  • each means 6, 6 'of thermal insulation comprises two insulating layers A and B stacked, comprising different materials.
  • the first layer A comprises a first material, in this case a ceramic, more specifically a zirconia type monolithic ceramic, which has a first thermal conductivity.
  • This ceramic is in this case stabilized with magnesia (MgO).
  • MgO magnesia
  • the second layer B comprises a second material, in this case mica, more specifically mica marketed under the trademark Pamitherm, having a second thermal conductivity.
  • Each thermal insulation means 6, 6 ' ensures, thanks to its two stacked layers A, B, a thermal insulation function between a matrix 7, 8 and its intermediate support plate 4, 5.
  • the first layer A is located on the side of the matrix 7, 8, the second layer B on the side of the intermediate plate 4, 5.
  • the thermal conductivity of the second layer B is less than the thermal conductivity of the first layer A.
  • the first layer A here comprises a juxtaposition of ceramic columns 10 of polygonal or circular section.
  • the columns 10 are here cylindrical. These columns can be perfectly nested to each other, as in the document JP 63 171 239 mentioned above, or, as in the case in question, separated by partitions 11, or filling material 11, comprising another material, such as a fibrous insulation of the rockwool type, suitable.
  • This type of combination between ceramic columns 10 and a thermal insulating filler material 11 is well known to those skilled in the art of thermal insulation.
  • the cylindrical columns 10 are here shifted relative to each other in order to limit the spaces between them.
  • the monolithic ceramic material of the zirconia type has very good mechanical characteristics, in particular strength, up to nearly 1200 ° C.
  • thermal conductivity is in this case substantially equal to 2 W / mK, with a tolerance of 10% (it is in this case the thermal conductivity of the first layer A, that is to say of the combination of the ceramic columns 10 and the filling material 11).
  • the columns 10 are arranged to obtain a perfect flatness of the lower and upper surfaces of the first layer A, the forces thus being homogeneously distributed.
  • the second layer B is here in the form of a laminated layer of hot pressed mica sheets.
  • each insulating means 6, 6 ' the two layers A and B are in contact along one of their surfaces, denoted S1 for both, the layer B is in contact with the intermediate plate 4, 5 along a surface S3, and the layer A is in contact with the matrix 7, 8 along a surface S2.
  • the ceramic layer A mechanically protects the mica layer B from the high temperature T of the matrix 7, 8, which is that of the surface S 2, the temperature for which the ceramic layer A retains its mechanical properties, its thickness being arranged from so that, because of its thermal conductivity, the temperature of the surface S1 is less than To, in this case approximately equal to 550 ° C, that is to say corresponds to a temperature for which the layer B of mica retains sufficient mechanical strength for its use in a press.
  • the layer B allows, for its part, a strong lowering of the temperature between its surface S1 and its surface S3, because of its low thermal conductivity.
  • the temperature of the surface S3 is here approximately equal to 300 ° C.
  • the two layers A, B are chosen according to their relative mechanical and thermal properties and positioned relative to the matrices 7, 8 so as to allow the use of a second layer B of low thermal conductivity, retaining its mechanical properties thanks to the insulation made by the first layer A with respect to the matrix 7, 8.
  • the thickness of the first layer A be at least equal to a minimum given thickness Ha.
  • this thickness Ha can be less than 80 millimeters.
  • the section of the columns 10, if it is square or rectangular, may for example in this case have sides of length equal to 40 to 60 millimeters approximately. If the section of the columns 10 is circular, its diameter may be of the order of 60 millimeters.
  • the thickness of the second layer B is chosen at least equal to a minimum height Hb, given its thermal conductivity, to lower the temperature of the surface S3 to an acceptable temperature for the intermediate plate 4, 5.
  • Hb may be less than 20 millimeters.
  • the thicknesses Ha and Hb are of course chosen as low as possible, but in such a way as to be sufficient to fulfill their insulation function which has just been described, as a function of temperatures which the person skilled in the art will determine.
  • the total thickness (Ha + Hb) of the insulation means thus obtained can be, for a press of 4000 tons, less than 100 millimeters per matrix, or 200 millimeters in total for the two means.
  • the dimensions, and in particular the thickness, of the assembly constituted by the tables, their intermediate plate and the matrix that they support are thus greatly diminished. It is therefore possible to implement a forging method of the hot die type on conventional presses, without having to increase their dimensions and allowing a height space between the dies sufficient by the provision of the part to be forged 9.
  • the two layers A and B can be either simply superimposed on one another or adequately secured. It can be provided a mechanical connection between them, for example using tie rods, passing through the layers A and B, hooked to the plate 4, 5 and the corresponding matrix 7, 8, respectively.
  • the operation of the press 1 for a forging method of the hot die type is also quite conventional, the upper table 3 being lowered to press the workpiece 9 between the two dies 7, 8.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Warmmatrizen-Schmiedepresse mit einer Betriebstemperatur, die über einer Temperatur T liegt, welche Presse zwei Matrizen (7, 8) zwischen zwei Matrizenhalterelementen (4, 5) enthält, wobei ein Mittel (6,6') zur Wärmeisolation jeweils zwischen den Matrizen (7, 8) und ihrem Halterelement (4, 5) angeordnet ist, wobei dieses Mittel (6, 6') mindestens zwei übereinanderliegende Schichten (A, B) umfasst, wobei eine erste Schicht (A) aus einem ersten Werkstoff besteht, der für einen Betrieb bei einer höheren Temperatur als der Temperatur T geeignete mechanische und wärmetechnische Eigenschaften besitzt, wobei eine zweite Schicht (B) aus einem zweiten Werkstoff besteht, der für einen Betrieb bei einer niedrigeren Temperatur als der Temperatur T geeignete mechanische und wärmetechnische Eigenschaften besitzt und dessen Wärmeleitfähigkeit geringer ist als die des ersten Werkstoffs,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass die Temperatur T gleich 800 °C ist, der erste Werkstoff eine Wärmeleitfähigkeit von im Wesentlichen 2 W/m.K. mit einer Toleranz von 10 % aufweist und der zweite Werkstoff ein warmgepresstes Mika-Papier ist, das eine Wärmeleitfähigkeit von im Wesentlichen 0,2 W/m.K. mit einer Toleranz von 10 % aufweist.
  2. Presse nach Anspruch 1, bei der die Matrizenhalterelemente aus Stahl bestehen.
  3. Presse nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, die für das Schmieden von Werkstücken unter einem Druck von mehr als 20 Mpa ausgelegt ist.
  4. Presse nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, bei der der erste Werkstoff eine Keramik ist.
  5. Presse nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, die dafür ausgelegt ist, ein Isothermschmieden durchzuführen.
  6. Isolationsmittel für die Warmmatrizen-Schmiedepresse nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, das in Form einer Platte ausgeführt ist, die mindestens zwei übereinanderliegende Schichten umfasst, wobei eine erste Schicht aus einem ersten Werkstoff besteht, der für einen Betrieb bei einer höheren Temperatur als der Temperatur T geeignete mechanische und wärmetechnische Eigenschaften besitzt, wobei eine zweite Schicht aus einem zweiten Werkstoff besteht, der für einen Betrieb bei einer niedrigeren Temperatur als der Temperatur T geeignete mechanische und wärmetechnische Eigenschaften besitzt und dessen Wärmeleitfähigkeit geringer ist als die des ersten Werkstoffs,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass die Temperatur T gleich 800 °C ist, der erste Werkstoff eine Wärmeleitfähigkeit von im Wesentlichen 2 W/m.K. mit einer Toleranz von 10 % aufweist und der zweite Werkstoff ein warmgepresstes Mika-Papier ist, das eine Wärmeleitfähigkeit von im Wesentlichen 0,2 W/m.K. mit einer Toleranz von 10 % aufweist.
EP06100297A 2005-01-14 2006-01-12 Schmiedepresse des heissen Matrizentyps und Wärmeisolationsmittel für derselben Active EP1681113B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0550127A FR2880827B1 (fr) 2005-01-14 2005-01-14 Presse de forgeage du type a matrices chaudes et moyen d'isolation thermique pour la presse

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1681113A1 EP1681113A1 (de) 2006-07-19
EP1681113B1 true EP1681113B1 (de) 2007-11-21

Family

ID=34953491

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06100297A Active EP1681113B1 (de) 2005-01-14 2006-01-12 Schmiedepresse des heissen Matrizentyps und Wärmeisolationsmittel für derselben

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US7178376B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1681113B1 (de)
JP (1) JP5112633B2 (de)
CN (1) CN100528400C (de)
DE (1) DE602006000241T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2880827B1 (de)
RU (1) RU2399455C2 (de)
UA (1) UA87271C2 (de)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7654125B2 (en) * 2007-02-06 2010-02-02 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Metal forming apparatus
US9267184B2 (en) 2010-02-05 2016-02-23 Ati Properties, Inc. Systems and methods for processing alloy ingots
US10207312B2 (en) 2010-06-14 2019-02-19 Ati Properties Llc Lubrication processes for enhanced forgeability
RU2455101C1 (ru) * 2011-01-25 2012-07-10 Открытое акционерное общество Акционерная холдинговая компания "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский и проектно-конструкторский институт металлургического машиностроения имени академика Целикова" (ОАО АХК "ВНИИМЕТМАШ") Теплоизоляционная подушка для штампов
US9539636B2 (en) * 2013-03-15 2017-01-10 Ati Properties Llc Articles, systems, and methods for forging alloys
US10940523B2 (en) * 2018-06-01 2021-03-09 The Boeing Company Apparatus for manufacturing parts, and related methods
DE102021122495B4 (de) 2021-08-31 2023-05-04 2motion GmbH Isolator
FR3134527B1 (fr) 2022-04-13 2024-03-15 Safran PROCEDE DE FABRICATION D’UNE PIECE EN ALLIAGE BASE NICKEL DU TYPE γ/γ’ AVEC OUTILLAGE DE FORGEAGE A CHAUD
DE102022114968A1 (de) 2022-06-14 2023-12-14 Sms Group Gmbh Isolierende Stempelplatte, Schmiedepresse sowie keramischer Isolierkörper
CN116728911B (zh) * 2023-06-06 2024-04-02 中国机械总院集团北京机电研究所有限公司 真空等温锻用隔热板、隔热装置及制备方法和应用

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN100528400C (zh) 2009-08-19
RU2399455C2 (ru) 2010-09-20
US7178376B2 (en) 2007-02-20
FR2880827B1 (fr) 2008-07-25
RU2006101187A (ru) 2007-07-27
EP1681113A1 (de) 2006-07-19
JP5112633B2 (ja) 2013-01-09
CN1864887A (zh) 2006-11-22
US20060156783A1 (en) 2006-07-20
DE602006000241T2 (de) 2008-10-02
JP2006192502A (ja) 2006-07-27
DE602006000241D1 (de) 2008-01-03
UA87271C2 (ru) 2009-07-10
FR2880827A1 (fr) 2006-07-21

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