EP1675698A2 - Verfahren zum herstellen von gegossenem stahlband - Google Patents
Verfahren zum herstellen von gegossenem stahlbandInfo
- Publication number
- EP1675698A2 EP1675698A2 EP04790658A EP04790658A EP1675698A2 EP 1675698 A2 EP1675698 A2 EP 1675698A2 EP 04790658 A EP04790658 A EP 04790658A EP 04790658 A EP04790658 A EP 04790658A EP 1675698 A2 EP1675698 A2 EP 1675698A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- content
- casting
- atmosphere
- steel
- steel strip
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000161 steel melt Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005499 meniscus Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWKWDCOTNGQLID-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[Ar] Chemical compound [N].[Ar] PWKWDCOTNGQLID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005058 metal casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010405 reoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010345 tape casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
- B22D11/0622—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by two casting wheels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
- B22D11/0637—Accessories therefor
- B22D11/0648—Casting surfaces
- B22D11/0651—Casting wheels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
- B22D11/0637—Accessories therefor
- B22D11/0697—Accessories therefor for casting in a protected atmosphere
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing cast steel strip, in which a steel melt is cast in a continuous process into a casting gap, the long sides of which are formed by walls moving during the casting process, to the steel strip and the steel melt which is present above the casting gap in a melt pool an atmosphere containing nitrogen and hydrogen.
- a method for producing cast steel strip in which a steel melt is cast in a continuous process into a casting gap, the long sides of which are formed by walls moving during the casting process, to the steel strip and the steel melt which is present above the casting gap in a melt pool an atmosphere containing nitrogen and hydrogen.
- a fundamental problem in the production of steel strip cast directly from a molten steel is to guide the casting process in such a way that a perfect, high-quality strip surface is obtained. Practical operation shows that considerable surface defects are due to crack formation and the inclusion of oxidic inclusions, so-called "scums", in the areas of the cast strip close to the surface.
- Cast tapes produced in a conventional manner by tape casting often have a heterogeneity in their surface structure, which is reflected in the non-uniformity of the gloss of the finished cast tape perceived by the viewer. Such a "gloss heterogeneity" represents a further lack of quality which affects the market opportunities of cast strip.
- indentations be formed in order to improve the properties of the surfaces of cast strip in the elements moving during the casting operation, which limit the casting gap of the device used for casting the strip.
- a gas mixture is to be blown into the area of the so-called "meniscus", where the melt comes into contact with the depressions of the moving elements.
- the gas mixture should contain 30 vol.% To 90 vol.% Of a gas soluble in the metal.
- an insoluble gas can be provided.
- the effect of the gas mixture blown into the meniscus area in combination with the depressions formed in the moving elements moving the casting gap is that air which may be present in the depressions and gases escaping from the cast metal are flushed out and the injected gas sits in their place in the wells.
- the melt enters the wells.
- the gas in it is absorbed by the melt due to its solubility, so that the melt can reach the wells unhindered.
- a temporarily existing, form-fitting coupling should exist between the solidifying melt and the moving elements can be achieved, which ensures that there are no relative movements between the elements and the solid shell, which forms as a result of the solidification of the melt on the moving elements.
- these relative movements should be the reason for the formation of surface cracks.
- EP 0 409 645 B1 also proposes to protect the melt present above the casting gap in the so-called “melt pool” against oxidation by keeping the melt pool under a non-oxidizing atmosphere. It is considered preferable if the atmosphere is formed from a nitrogen-argon gas mixture.
- twin rollers Two-roller casting devices, so-called “twin rollers", are used, in which the elements that delimit the casting gap on its longitudinal sides and move in the casting operation are formed in the form of casting rollers which are rotated and cooled in opposite directions in the casting operation.
- the depressions required according to EP 0 409 645 B1 for example, into the surfaces of the casting rolls of a twin roller, considerable technical effort is required, which complicates the maintenance of the casting rolls which is required at regular intervals.
- the object of the invention was therefore to provide a method with which high-quality steel strips with a surface quality which is significantly improved compared to the prior art can be produced.
- this object has been achieved by a method for producing cast steel strip, in which a molten steel in a continuous process flow into a casting gap, the long sides of which are formed by walls which move during the casting process, to form the steel strip poured and the molten steel pending in a melt pool above the casting gap is kept under an atmosphere containing nitrogen and hydrogen, the hydrogen content of the atmosphere according to the invention being> 0 mol% to 10 mol% and which is optional to adjust the properties of the steel strip existing Cr, Mo, ' Nb, Si, Ti, Ni, Mn, C or N contents% Cr,% Mo,% Nb,% Si,% Ti,% Ni,% Mn ,% C or% N of the cast steel melt are each selected such that Cr eq / Ni eq applies to the ratio formed from the Cr equivalent Cr eq and the Ni equivalent Ni eq
- the invention is based on the finding that a certain minimum content of H 2 in the atmosphere covering the melt pool has a favorable effect on the surface quality of the steel strip obtained if a steel alloy is used at the same time, the alloy contents of which are matched to one another such that the ratio ratio formed from their Cr equivalent and their Ni equivalent is at least 1.7.
- the formulas mentioned for calculating the Cr equivalent and Ni equivalent correspond to those of Hammar and Svensson in "Solidification and Casting of Metals", The Metals Society, London, 1979, pp. 401-410.
- Ni eq is a parameter which provides information about the structural components in stainless steels of the type processed according to the invention. Nickel and chromium are present in considerable quantities in these types of steel. Ni is an austenite former, Cr is a ferrite former.
- the hydrogen present according to the invention in the atmosphere protecting the melt pool from the environment causes oxygen to be bound, which is introduced into the area of the melt pool, for example, via the elements of the casting device moving during the casting operation or other unavoidable leaks. In this way, the risk of reoxidation of the melt is effectively counteracted.
- the occurrence of oxidic inclusions ("scums") in the surface of the cast tape is reduced to a minimum.
- the presence of hydrogen in the atmosphere above the melt pool supports the decomposition of nitrogen into its atomic components (N 2 -> 2 N).
- the nitrogen can be absorbed on the surface and diffuse into the steel, which is alloyed in accordance with the regulation according to the invention.
- This ensures a more homogeneous solidification, which is reflected in a good embossing behavior and suppresses crack formation.
- the formation of surface cracks is reliably prevented without requiring a special shape of the surface of the walls that come into contact with the melt.
- a manufacturing and maintenance effort as is still unavoidable in the prior art discussed at the outset, is not necessary in the procedure according to the invention.
- the walls delimiting the casting gap can be provided with a stochastic roughness distribution, as is usually produced by a blasting treatment (e.g. R a > 40 ⁇ , preferably> 60 ⁇ m, R z > 7 ⁇ .m, preferably> 10 ⁇ m).
- a blasting treatment e.g. R a > 40 ⁇ , preferably> 60 ⁇ m, R z > 7 ⁇ .m, preferably> 10 ⁇ m.
- the hydrogen content of the atmosphere By setting the hydrogen content of the atmosphere to at least 0.5 mol%, it can be reliably ensured that the presence of the present invention is achieved. In order to ensure at the same time that there is no explosive reaction of the hydrogen with the ambient oxygen, the hydrogen content of the atmosphere can be up to 7.5 mol. -% are limited.
- the nitrogen supply in the protective atmosphere above the melt pool can be reduced by adding an inert gas, preferably argon, to it. Accordingly, it is expedient to vary the nitrogen content in the protective atmosphere in a range whose lower limit in the presence of a third gas in the gas mixture is 30 mol% and whose upper limit in the absence of a third gas that in addition to the respective H 2 content remaining remainder corresponds.
- an essential effect of the increase in the ratio Cr eq / Ni eq according to the invention and the addition of hydrogen to the atmosphere above the melt pool is that the casting performance increases significantly compared to that which can be achieved with the conventional procedure.
- This increase in the casting performance occurs already when the lower limit specified for the ratio Cr eq / Ni eq according to the invention and when hydrogen is added in the range specified according to the invention occurs and can be achieved by increasing the value for the ratio Cr eq / Ni eq and the proportion of hydrogen in the atmosphere above the melt.
- the effects achieved by the invention are independent of the respective sulfur content of the melt processed. A limitation of the application of the invention only to certain steel alloys is therefore not necessary.
- the invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of a drawing showing exemplary embodiments.
- the figure schematically shows a twin roller in a side view.
- twin roller 1 Used as a device for casting 1 mm to 10 mm thick steel strips B from a molten steel, designed in a conventional manner, twin roller 1 has two casting rollers 2, 3 rotating in opposite directions in the casting operation, which have a rectangular casting gap 4 between them Limit longitudinal direction.
- the peripheral surfaces of the casting rolls 2, 3 form the walls of the casting gap 4 which move during the casting operation.
- the short sides of the casting gap 4 are sealed by side plates (not shown).
- the molten steel is poured into the casting gap 4 by means of an immersion tube 5 from a distributor channel, also not shown.
- a melt pool 6 is formed above the casting gap 4 by pent-up melt.
- melts E11, E12, E13, E21, E22, E23 and V11, V12, V13 were carried out in the manner according to the invention, while the casting tests V11-V13 were used to demonstrate the results obtained with conventional production methods.
- the composition of the cast steel melts E11-E23 and V11-V13 are given in Table 1.
- the ratio Cr eq / Ni eq is less than 1.7, while the ratio Cr eq / Ni eq for the steels E11-E13 is between 1.7 and 1.8 and for the steels E21-E23 is more than 1.8.
- the melts were cast into strips with different strip thicknesses.
- the composition of the atmosphere A above the melt pool 6 in the housing 7 has been varied with regard to its proportion of N 2 , Ar and H 2 .
- the relevant strip thicknesses and the other operating parameters are listed in Table 2.
- Table 2 also shows the results of the assessment of the surface quality of the strips produced from the melts V11-V13 and E11-E23. It was found that, in the comparative examples V1-V3, the occurrence of scums and cracks can be influenced by varying the contents of N 2 and Ar in atmosphere A, but only by adding H 2 to atmosphere A according to the invention decisive increase in reliability is achieved with a high quality, even strict requirements for its optical Cast steel strip product which meets the appearance can be provided.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10349400A DE10349400B3 (de) | 2003-10-21 | 2003-10-21 | Verfahren zum Herstellen von gegossenem Stahlband |
| PCT/EP2004/011848 WO2005039804A2 (de) | 2003-10-21 | 2004-10-20 | Verfahren zum herstellen von gegossenem stahlband |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1675698A2 true EP1675698A2 (de) | 2006-07-05 |
Family
ID=34484954
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04790658A Withdrawn EP1675698A2 (de) | 2003-10-21 | 2004-10-20 | Verfahren zum herstellen von gegossenem stahlband |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20070181284A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1675698A2 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2007508942A (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20060073964A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN1871081A (de) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0415830A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE10349400B3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2005039804A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010151071A2 (ko) * | 2009-06-26 | 2010-12-29 | 현대제철 주식회사 | 박슬라브 열연코일의 표면품질 예측방법 및 이를 이용한 박슬라브 열연코일의 제조방법 |
| GB2510310B (en) | 2011-11-17 | 2015-09-23 | Nucor Corp | Method of continuous casting thin steel strip |
| DE102015217627B4 (de) | 2015-09-15 | 2017-07-20 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Bandbearbeitungsvorrichtung sowie Verfahren zur Bearbeitung eines Bands |
| JP6580757B1 (ja) * | 2018-06-27 | 2019-09-25 | 日本金属株式会社 | フューエルレール用ステンレス鋼 |
| WO2021001495A1 (de) | 2019-07-03 | 2021-01-07 | Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products Gmbh | Schmelzezuführung für bandgussanlagen |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5259443A (en) * | 1987-04-21 | 1993-11-09 | Nippon Yakin Kogyo Co., Ltd. | Direct production process of a length of continuous thin two-phase stainless steel strip having excellent superplasticity and surface properties |
| US5103895A (en) * | 1989-07-20 | 1992-04-14 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Method and apparatus of continuously casting a metal sheet |
| DE69111142T2 (de) * | 1990-01-17 | 1995-11-16 | Nippon Steel Corp | Verfahren zur herstellung von rostfreien cr-ni-stahlblech mit hervorragender oberflächenqualität und so hergestelltes material. |
| JPH081284A (ja) * | 1994-06-14 | 1996-01-09 | Nippon Steel Corp | 双ロール式連続鋳造方法および装置 |
| JPH08309489A (ja) * | 1995-05-17 | 1996-11-26 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 双ドラム式鋳造装置 |
| JP3583901B2 (ja) * | 1997-06-19 | 2004-11-04 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | 連続鋳造薄鋳片及びその鋳造方法 |
| FR2792561B1 (fr) * | 1999-04-22 | 2001-06-22 | Usinor | Procede de coulee continue entre cylindres de bandes d'acier inoxydable ferritique exemptes de microcriques |
| FR2792560B1 (fr) * | 1999-04-22 | 2001-06-01 | Usinor | Procede de coulee continue entre cylindres de bandes d'acier inoxydable austenitique d'excellente qualite de surface, et bandes ainsi obtenues |
| FR2796083B1 (fr) * | 1999-07-07 | 2001-08-31 | Usinor | Procede de fabrication de bandes en alliage fer-carbone-manganese, et bandes ainsi produites |
| JP4542247B2 (ja) * | 2000-08-08 | 2010-09-08 | キャストリップ・リミテッド・ライアビリティ・カンパニー | ストリップ連続鋳造装置及びその使用方法 |
| AT412072B (de) * | 2002-10-15 | 2004-09-27 | Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen | Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen herstellung eines dünnen stahlbandes |
-
2003
- 2003-10-21 DE DE10349400A patent/DE10349400B3/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-10-20 EP EP04790658A patent/EP1675698A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-10-20 US US10/574,739 patent/US20070181284A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-10-20 KR KR1020067007268A patent/KR20060073964A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-10-20 JP JP2006536035A patent/JP2007508942A/ja active Pending
- 2004-10-20 WO PCT/EP2004/011848 patent/WO2005039804A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2004-10-20 BR BRPI0415830-0A patent/BRPI0415830A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-10-20 CN CNA2004800308021A patent/CN1871081A/zh active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2005039804A2 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1871081A (zh) | 2006-11-29 |
| WO2005039804A3 (de) | 2005-11-10 |
| DE10349400B3 (de) | 2005-06-16 |
| US20070181284A1 (en) | 2007-08-09 |
| WO2005039804A2 (de) | 2005-05-06 |
| BRPI0415830A (pt) | 2007-01-02 |
| KR20060073964A (ko) | 2006-06-29 |
| JP2007508942A (ja) | 2007-04-12 |
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