EP1640081B2 - Procédé d'assemblage et dispositif de commande d'un outil d'assemblage - Google Patents

Procédé d'assemblage et dispositif de commande d'un outil d'assemblage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1640081B2
EP1640081B2 EP05017030A EP05017030A EP1640081B2 EP 1640081 B2 EP1640081 B2 EP 1640081B2 EP 05017030 A EP05017030 A EP 05017030A EP 05017030 A EP05017030 A EP 05017030A EP 1640081 B2 EP1640081 B2 EP 1640081B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
joining
piston rod
piston
punch
clamp
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EP05017030A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1640081A1 (fr
EP1640081B1 (fr
Inventor
Hans Jörg Lang
Torsten Dr. Draht
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Boellhoff Verbindungstechnik GmbH
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Boellhoff Verbindungstechnik GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
    • B21J15/025—Setting self-piercing rivets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
    • B21D39/03—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of sheet metal otherwise than by folding
    • B21D39/031—Joining superposed plates by locally deforming without slitting or piercing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/10—Riveting machines
    • B21J15/16—Drives for riveting machines; Transmission means therefor
    • B21J15/20—Drives for riveting machines; Transmission means therefor operated by hydraulic or liquid pressure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49833—Punching, piercing or reaming part by surface of second part
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49833—Punching, piercing or reaming part by surface of second part
    • Y10T29/49835—Punching, piercing or reaming part by surface of second part with shaping
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49833—Punching, piercing or reaming part by surface of second part
    • Y10T29/49835—Punching, piercing or reaming part by surface of second part with shaping
    • Y10T29/49837—Punching, piercing or reaming part by surface of second part with shaping of first part
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49915—Overedge assembling of seated part
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49938—Radially expanding part in cavity, aperture, or hollow body
    • Y10T29/49943—Riveting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49947—Assembling or joining by applying separate fastener
    • Y10T29/49954—Fastener deformed after application
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49947—Assembling or joining by applying separate fastener
    • Y10T29/49954—Fastener deformed after application
    • Y10T29/49956—Riveting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/5343—Means to drive self-piercing work part
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/53709—Overedge assembling means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/53709—Overedge assembling means
    • Y10T29/5377—Riveter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/49—Member deformed in situ
    • Y10T403/4966—Deformation occurs simultaneously with assembly

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for joining at least two plate-shaped workpieces and a device for actuating a joining tool for joining at least two plate-shaped workpieces of similar or different materials according to the preamble of claim 18 or 19, in particular for punch riveting or clinching, as well as a method of operating such a device.
  • the most common drive form consists of a hydraulic cylinder for actuating a punch for the joining operation and a further hydraulic cylinder for actuating a hold-down, which during the joining operation a hold-down force on the workpieces around the joint around, for example WO 93/24258 and EP 0675774 ,
  • a "substantial" hold-down force is exerted, which according to the information in this document can amount to 1.5 tons.
  • holding-down forces of the order of, for example, 8-10 kN are used.
  • the use of a large hold-down force before and during the joining process also has its disadvantages.
  • the large hold-down force during the joining process prevents unimpeded deformation of the punch rivet.
  • the use of a large hold-down force before the joining process causes certain disadvantages in the combined stamped rivet bonding method, since the large hold-down force hinders the pressing and flow of the adhesive from the joining zone.
  • a retaining device is provided for the hold-down device, which prevents yielding of the hold-down after the joining operation, when the lower leg of the usual in riveting C-frame springs back after returning the punch.
  • the punch and the hold-down are simultaneously subjected to a high pressure during the joining operation via a stop connection, and after the joining operation, the punch is slightly retracted, whereupon the hold-down is again subjected to hydraulic pressure to exert a relatively large hold-down force. It is also mentioned in this document that a great or little or no hold-down force can be exerted during the joining process.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a method for joining and a device for actuating a joining tool for joining at least two plate-shaped workpieces of similar and different materials, which despite great simplicity and compact design offer the possibility of an impairment of the joining process by the To avoid hold-downs and still ensure a high-quality joint with minimal deformation of the workpieces outside the joint.
  • a high punching force is exerted during the joining operation for the joining process and substantially no hold-down force to allow unimpeded deformation of the joining region and simultaneously a high punching force and a high holding force for reducing material deformations of the workpieces and for producing a compacting effect after the joining process exercised in the joining area.
  • the hold-down force exerted after the joining process must be selected such that bulges of the workpieces around the Joint is reduced around and also a certain compression effect is exerted on the workpieces in order to increase the connection quality and to achieve a sufficient final strength of the connection.
  • a high punch force is exerted on the joint to prevent the high hold-down force affecting the joint.
  • the entire surface of the joint and of the surrounding workpiece area is thus subjected to high forces after the joining process, whereby, moreover, springback of the C-frame usually provided in such tools is also reduced.
  • Another advantage of the method according to the invention is that the C-frame can be built more easily than in the prior art, since during the joining process essentially no hold-down force is exerted and the C-frame therefore only has to absorb the stamping force.
  • this device has only a single hydraulic cylinder, which is subdivided by the main piston for the punch in a piston rod remote working chamber and in a piston rod side working chamber.
  • the holding-down piston serving for operating the hold-down is disposed in the piston rod-side working chamber of the cylinder, and the portions of the piston-rod-side working chamber located on axially opposite sides of the hold-down piston are connected to each other by fluid communication, so that the hold-down piston on its axially opposite sides with that in the piston rod side Working chamber prevailing pressure can be applied.
  • the device has a joining position in which the piston rod facing away from the working chamber is subjected to a pressure for performing the joining process and the piston rod side working chamber is depressurized, and that it has a post-processing position in which both working chambers are subjected to a high pressure , So that after the joining process, a high hold-down force and a high punching force are exerted on the joint and the surrounding workpiece area.
  • the device comes with only two ports and two hoses, which reduces the design effort accordingly and in particular the hydraulic control is simplified.
  • the invention allows a compact design of the device, since the main piston and the hold-down piston in a sense interlock. An increase in stroke therefore has only a simple effect on the device designed according to the invention, whereas in the case of an attachment with two separate hydraulic cylinders, a stroke magnification has a double effect.
  • An important advantage of the invention is that the joining process itself is not affected by any hold-down force.
  • the method according to the invention can be used with particular advantage in conjunction with an adhesive method.
  • an adhesive layer is provided between the workpieces, at least in the joint area, before the hold-down device is pressed against the workpieces. Since only a small hold-down force and during the joining process substantially no hold-down force are exerted in the inventive method before the joining process, the adhesive can be pressed freely during the joining process and flow out of the joining zone. The absence of a hold-down force during the joining process to a reduction of air bubbles between the workpieces, as will be explained in more detail.
  • a further reduction of the risk of air bubble formation can be achieved in a further embodiment of the invention in that punch rivets are used, in which the peripheral surface of the rivet shank is divergent, preferably cone-shaped, at least in a predetermined region in the direction of the rivet head.
  • the rivet shank formed in this way exerts a force on the punch-side workpiece during the joining operation, which prevents or at least reduces the spring-back of the punch-side workpiece, so that the workpieces remain in abutment in the joining zone. This also reduces the risk of air bubbles, as will be explained in more detail.
  • the invention also reduces springback of the usually provided C-frame, whereby the connection quality and final strength of the joint connection are improved accordingly.
  • the joining tool 2 shown only schematically in the drawing serves for producing a joint connection between two (or more) plate-shaped workpieces A and B (sheets).
  • the joining tool 2 is a riveting tool for setting punch rivets N, although the joining tool 2 and another tool such. b. a device for clinching can be. Since punch rivets and punched rivet joints are basically known, this will not be discussed in detail.
  • the joining tool 2 comprises an actuating device in the form of a hydraulic cylinder 4 and a die 6, on which the workpieces A, B are supported.
  • the cylinder 4 is supported on a C-frame (not shown), as is common in such joining tools.
  • the cylinder 4 has a cylindrical inner space 10, in which a main piston 12 with a piston rod 14 is slidably disposed.
  • the piston rod 14 of the main piston 12 is fixedly connected to a punch 16 for setting the rivet N.
  • the main piston 4 divides the cylindrical inner space 10 into a piston rod-facing upper working chamber 10a and into a piston rod-side lower working chamber 10b.
  • a hold-down piston 18 is arranged, which is fixedly connected via a piston rod 20 with a tubular holding-down device 22.
  • the hold-down piston 18 and its piston rod 20 surround the piston rod 14 of the main piston 12 coaxially and are slidably guided on the cylindrical inner wall of the cylinder 4 so that they are axially displaceable relative to the main piston 12.
  • the upper working chamber 10a can be pressurized or relieved of pressure via a pressure medium connection 24, optionally with a controlled fluid pressure (hydraulic pressure), while the lower working chamber 10b can also be acted upon or relieved of pressure via its own pressure medium connection 26 with a controlled fluid pressure.
  • a pressure medium connection 24 optionally with a controlled fluid pressure (hydraulic pressure)
  • the lower working chamber 10b can also be acted upon or relieved of pressure via its own pressure medium connection 26 with a controlled fluid pressure.
  • the portions of the working chamber 10b located on both sides of the hold-down piston 18 are connected to one another by a flow connection 28, so that the axially opposite sides of the hold-down piston 18 are always subjected to the same fluid pressure.
  • the flow connection 28 may consist of one or more of the hold-down piston 18 penetrating holes or in other ways, for. B. by one or more longitudinal grooves on the outer periphery of the hold-down piston 18, are formed.
  • a stopper connection 30 is provided between the piston rod 14 of the main piston 12 and the sleeve-shaped piston rod 20 of the hold-down piston 18, which is effective only in one axial direction, with movements of the main piston 12 in the direction away from the lower working chamber 10b (ie upwards in the figures).
  • Fig. 1 the device is in its normal position, in which the upper working chamber 10 a is held without pressure via the pressure medium connection 24 and the lower working chamber 10 b is acted upon via the pressure medium connection 26 with a relatively small fluid pressure.
  • fluid pressure of the main piston 12 By prevailing in the lower working chamber 10b fluid pressure of the main piston 12 is pressed into its upper end position.
  • On the hold-down piston 18 acts on its axially opposite sides of the prevailing in the lower working chamber 10b fluid pressure. Since the upper side of the hold-down piston 18 is larger than its underside by the cross-sectional area of the piston rod 20, a downwardly acting pressure difference acts on the hold-down piston 18.
  • stop connection 30 of the hold-down piston 18 is, however, held in a basic position in which he the in Fig. 1 shown axially middle position occupies.
  • a first step before the joining operation, the main piston 12 and the hold-down piston 18 are moved to a Vorbearbeitungswolf in which the hold-down 20 and the rivet N are pressed against the workpieces A and B with a comparatively low force, s. Fig. 2 ,
  • both working chambers 10a, 10b are each acted upon via their pressure medium connection 24 and 26 with a low fluid pressure. Because the top of the main piston 12 is greater than its underside about the cross-sectional area of the piston rod 14, the punch 8 exerts a corresponding downward punching force on the rivet N.
  • the hold-down piston 18 is pressed down due to the mentioned surface difference by the fluid pressure, so that the hold-down 20 exerts a corresponding hold-down force on the workpieces A, B.
  • the punch force and the hold-down force need only be so large that the workpieces A, B are held immovably in contact with each other and with the die 6 and a rivet and tool control can be performed.
  • the hold-down force is preferably less than 7.8 kN and may for example be of the order of 3 to 5 kN. In general, a hold-down force of less than 3.9 kN is sufficient.
  • the stamping force is preferably less than 5 kN and may be of the order of 1 to 3 kN.
  • the device takes in Fig. 3 shown joining position, in which the upper working chamber 10a is acted upon via the pressure medium connection 24 with the required for the joining fluid pressure, while the lower working chamber 10b is made depressurized via the pressure medium connection 26.
  • the main piston 12 then exerts via the piston rod 14 and the punch 16 the stamping force required for producing the joint connection on the joint 8 or the rivet N, see Fig. 3 , Further, since the lower working chamber 10b is depressurized, the hold-down 20 has no function during the joining process. It is understood that in hydraulic systems on the low pressure side there is always a residual pressure, so that the lower working chamber 10b can not be made completely depressurized.
  • the resulting holding-down force which is for example in the order of 0.3 to 0.5 kN, is negligible.
  • a hold-down force of, for example, less than 4 kN has no measurable influence on the workpiece properties. In any case, this applies to hold-down forces of less than 1.5 kN.
  • dispensing with a significant hold-down force has the advantage that the punch rivet N can deform unhindered during the setting process, so that a defined forming behavior of the punch rivet occurs. Compared to a procedure with high hold-down force then comes to a slightly larger bottom of the punch rivet, which reduces the risk of cracking.
  • the required for setting the punch rivet N stamping force is in a usual order of z. B. 30 to 80 kN.
  • both working chambers 10 a and 10 b respectively acted on their pressure fluid ports 24 and 26 with a high fluid pressure. This is expediently carried out such that the high fluid pressure prevailing in the working chamber 10a is maintained, while the working chamber 10b is subjected to the same high fluid pressure or a similarly high fluid pressure via the pressure medium connection 26.
  • the pressurization of the working chamber 10b and thus the structure of the hold-down force takes place only a short period of time after completion of the setting process.
  • This period of time is for example 0.2 to 0.3 seconds and is preferably greater than 0.1 seconds.
  • the high hold-down force has the purpose of reducing any deformations of the workpieces A, B around the riveting out of their plane and also in this area a certain compression effect on the workpieces A, B exercise to increase their final strength and thereby the quality of the connection improve.
  • the punch force and the holding force must be selected depending on the application to achieve these functions.
  • the hold-down force is greater than 5 kN and in particular greater than 7.8 kN.
  • the stamping force is preferably greater than 5 kN and in particular greater than 6.5 kN.
  • the punching force and the holding force are maintained for a predetermined period of time. Subsequently, the device is returned to its in Fig. 1 shown reset by the upper working chamber 10a is made depressurized via the pressure medium connection 24 and the lower working chamber 10b is acted upon by a low fluid pressure.
  • Fig. 4 shows schematically a joining tool 2, as described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 has been described in connection with a valve arrangement of a (not shown otherwise) hydraulic control for operating the joining tool.
  • the valve arrangement consists of two separate directional control valves 32 and 34, of which the directional control valve 32 via the pressure medium connection 24 of the working chamber 10 a and the directional control valve 34 is assigned to the working chamber 10 b via the pressure medium connection 26, in order to either pressurize the working chambers 10 a and 10 b or relieve pressure.
  • the directional control valves 32 and 34 thus control the connection of the working chambers 10a and 10b respectively with a pressure control device (not shown) (eg, proportional valve) and a pressure relief section of the hydraulic system.
  • both directional valves 32, 34 In the in Fig. 5 illustrated basic position, the directional control valve 32 assumes its pressure relief position, and the directional control valve 34 its pressurization position.
  • both directional valves 32, 34 In the pre-processing position of the joining tool, both directional valves 32, 34 are in their pressurization position, in which both working chambers 10a, 10b are subjected to a low pressure.
  • the directional control valve 32 In the joining position, the directional control valve 32 is in its pressurization position and the directional control valve 34 is in its pressure relief position in order to exert a high punching force and (essentially) no hold-down force.
  • both directional valves 32, 34 In the post-processing position, both directional valves 32, 34 are in their pressurization position to exert both a high punch force and a high hold down force.
  • Fig. 5 illustrated embodiment differs from that of Fig. 4 with regard to the structural design of the cylinder assembly of the joining tool, wherein the Fig. 4 corresponding components of Fig. 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals, supplemented by the letter a.
  • the joining tool of Fig. 5 is different from the one of Fig. 4 in that instead of a common hydraulic cylinder 4, two cylinders 4a and 5a are provided, of which the cylinder 4a receives the main piston 12a for the punch 16a and the cylinder 5a the hold-down piston 18a for the hold-down 22a.
  • a transverse wall 29 between the cylinders 4a and 4b, together with the hold-down piston 18a, defines a working chamber 31, which in the illustrated embodiment has its own pressure medium connection.
  • the arrangement corresponds to conventional punch riveting tools with separate cylinders for the punch and hold-down.
  • the piston rod-side working chamber of the cylinder 4a and the working chamber 31 of the cylinder 5a by a flow connection 33 constantly connected to each other.
  • the flow connection 33 may, as shown, outside of the cylinder or through the transverse wall 29 extend therethrough.
  • Fig. 6 is the structural design of the joining tool shown there with the hydraulic cylinders 4a and 5a identical to that of Fig. 5 , The only difference is that instead of the two (parallel) directional control valves 32 and 34, a bypass valve 36 and a directional control valve 38, which are connected in series, are provided.
  • the directional control valve 38 is between a (in Fig. 6 shown) basic position and a working position adjustable. In the basic position, the directional control valve 38 blocks two pressure medium lines 37 and 39 with respect to the pressure source and the pressure relief area of the hydraulic system. In the working position, the directional control valve 38 connects the pressure medium line 37 to the pressure source and the pressure medium line 39 to the pressure relief area.
  • the bypass valve 36 is between a (in Fig. 6 illustrated) basic position and a bypass position adjustable. In the basic position, the bypass valve 36 connects the pressure medium line 37 to the pressure medium connection 24a and the pressure medium line 39 to the pressure medium connection 26a. In the bypass position, the bypass valve 36 connects both pressure medium connections 24a and 26a to the pressure medium line 37.
  • the bypass valve 36 In the pre-processing position of the joining tool, the bypass valve 36 assumes its bypass position, in which it connects the piston rod side and piston rod side working chamber of the cylinder 4 a and the working chamber 31 of the cylinder 5 a via the pressure medium line 37 and the directional control valve 38 to the (controllable) pressure source of the hydraulic system.
  • the bypass valve 36 For the joining position, the bypass valve 36 is moved back into its basic position, in which it now connects the piston rod facing away from the working chamber of the cylinder 4a with the pressure source and the piston rod side working chamber and the working chamber 31 with the pressure relief area. Finally, in the post-processing position, the bypass valve 36 resumes the bypass position in which all the working chambers are connected to the pressure source.
  • FIG. 7 shown joining tool largely corresponds in terms of its structural design the in Fig. 6 represented, wherein corresponding components with corresponding reference numerals, but in which the letter a is replaced by the letter b, are called. Different from each other Fig. 6 is, however, that the flow connection 33 is missing. Rather, the working chamber 31b of the cylinder 5b has a pressure medium connection 27b which is separate from the pressure medium connections 24b and 26b and which can be pressurized or depressurized via a pressure control valve 40 (eg proportional valve).
  • the joining tool with the two cylinders 4b and 5b for actuating the punch and the blank holder therefore corresponds to a conventional joining tool.
  • the pressure medium connections 24b and 26b of the working chambers of the cylinder 4b are controllable via a bypass valve 36 and a directional control valve 38 which communicate with the corresponding valves of the Fig. 6 are identical.
  • the valves take the in Fig. 7 shown basic position.
  • the pressure control valve 40 is operated to apply a relatively low pressure to the working chamber 31b in the pre-machining position, to a negligible pressure in the joining position, and to a high pressure in the post-processing position.
  • Fig. 7 provides the ability to depressurize the piston rod side working chamber of the cylinder 4b in the post-processing position via the bypass valve 36, so that the punch force exerted by the main piston 12b can be correspondingly increased.
  • FIG. 8 The arrangement shown differs from that of Fig. 7 only in that the bypass valve 36 of the Fig. 7 has been replaced by a bypass valve 36b, which connects in the bypass position, the piston rod-facing and piston rod side working chambers of the cylinder 4 with each other, but it shuts off from the pressure source of the hydraulic system.
  • both working chambers of the cylinder 4b are depressurized, so that no stamping force is generated.
  • the ram in the pre-processing position exerts a punching force that can be used for rivet detection.
  • the operation of the arrangement corresponds to the Fig. 8 the re Fig. 7 described operation.
  • the first operation before the joining process can be performed in two stages in such a way that first the hold-down with the required comparatively low hold-down force is applied and only then the rivet on the stamp with a relatively low punch force is applied to the workpieces. This then makes it possible to depressurize the hold-down already a short period of time before setting the rivet, since the workpieces are pressed together by the attached rivet.
  • the riveting method according to the invention can be combined particularly advantageously with the bonding to the hybrid joining technique "punch riveting-bonding".
  • this hybrid joining technique an adhesive layer K is provided between the workpieces A and B, see FIGS. 1-3 :
  • punch rivets N ' are used in the combined punch rivet bonding as in Figure 9 shown used.
  • the punch rivet N ' has in the usual way a rivet head N1 and a rivet N2.
  • the peripheral surface N3 of the rivet shank N2 is not cylindrical, but slightly divergent in the direction of the rivet head N1. More specifically, the peripheral surface N3 has the shape of a cone with the cone angle ⁇ . Is therefore the punch rivet N 'driven with its conical peripheral surface N3 in the joining parts A, B ( Fig. 3 ), so the rivet N2 exerts due to its conicity on the punch side workpiece A from a downward force, which prevents a rebound of the punch-side workpiece A. The workpieces A, B therefore remain in the joining zone in abutment, so that a gap formation between the workpieces A, B and thus the formation of air inclusions and channels are prevented in the adhesive layer K.
  • the cone angle ⁇ must in any case be greater than 0 and is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 10 °, particularly preferably in the range of 1 to 5 °.
  • the entire circumferential surface of the rivet shank N2 may be divergent.
  • the peripheral surface N3 cylindrical in a foot region and diverging only in the region between the foot region and the head N1.
  • the axial length of this foot region is expediently chosen so that it corresponds to the thickness of the punch-side workpiece A.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Insertion Pins And Rivets (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)

Claims (25)

  1. Procédé d'assemblage d'au moins deux pièces en forme de plaque (A, B) en matériaux de type identique ou différents au moyen d'un outil d'assemblage qui présente un poinçon (16) pour l'exécution du processus d'assemblage sur un emplacement d'assemblage (8) et un serre-flan (22) pour l'exercice d'une force de serre-flan sur les pièces (A, B) appuyées sur une matrice (6), procédé dans lequel :
    pendant le processus d'assemblage, une force de poinçonnage élevée nécessaire pour le processus d'assemblage et essentiellement aucune force de serre-flan sont exercées pour permettre une déformation libre de la zone d'assemblage et,
    après le processus d'assemblage, une force de poinçonnage élevée et une force de serre-flan élevée sont exercées simultanément pour réduire les déformations de matériau des pièces et pour produire une action de compression dans la zone d'assemblage, et la force de serre-flan élevée n'est exercée que pendant une courte durée après la fin du processus d'assemblage.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la force de poinçonnage élevée exercée après le processus d'assemblage, et la force de serre-flan élevée exercée après le processus de montage sont maintenues pendant une période de temps prédéfinie.
  3. Procédé selon une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la force de serre-flan exercée après le processus d'assemblage est supérieure à 5 kN, de préférence supérieure à 7,8 kN.
  4. Procédé selon une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la force de poinçonnage exercée après le processus d'assemblage est supérieure à 5kN, de préférence supérieure à 6,5 kN.
  5. Procédé selon une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, avant le processus d'assemblage, le serre-flan (22) est pressée avec une faible force contre les pièces (A, B) afin de maintenir les pièces (A, B) en butée de façon non déplaçable.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la force de serre-flan appliquée avant le processus d'assemblage est inférieure à 7,8 kN, de préférence inférieure à 3,9 kN.
  7. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que, avant le processus d'assemblage, une faible force de poinçonnage est exercée pour effectuer un contrôle de l'emplacement d'assemblage.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la force de poinçonnage exercée avant le processus d'assemblage est inférieure à 5,0 kN, de préférence inférieure à 2,5 kN.
  9. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'aucune force de poinçonnage n'est exercée avant le processus d'assemblage.
  10. Procédé selon une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, entre les pièces (A, B), au moins dans la zone d'assemblage, une couche d'adhésif (K) est prévue, avant que le serre-flan (22) soit pressé contre les pièces (A, B).
  11. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que l'outil d'assemblage est un outil de montage pour le montage de rivets auto-poinçonneurs (N).
  12. Procédé selon les revendications 10 et 11, caractérisé en ce que des rivets auto-poinçonneurs (N) sont utilisés, avec lesquels la surface circonférentielle (N3) de la tige de rivet (N2) est constituée de façon divergente au moins dans une zone prédéfinie en direction de la tête de rivet (N1).
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que la surface circonférentielle de la tige de rivet (N2) des rivets auto-poinçonneurs (N3) est constituée en forme de cône dans la zone prédéfinie.
  14. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que l'outil d'assemblage est un outil d'assemblage par rivure (outil clinch).
  15. Procédé selon une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le poinçon (16) et le serre-flan (22) sont actionnés par un cylindre hydraulique (4) commun.
  16. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisé en ce que le poinçon (16) et le serre-flan (22) sont actionnés respectivement par un cylindre hydraulique (4 ; 5) propre.
  17. Dispositif d'actionnement d'un outil d'assemblage pour l'assemblage d'autres moins deux pièces en forme de plaque (A, B) en matériaux de type identique ou différents, avec :
    un cylindre hydraulique (4) avec un espace intérieur cylindrique (10),
    un piston principal (12) avec une tige de piston (14) qui est raccordée de façon fixe à un poinçon (16) pour le processus d'assemblage,
    le piston principal (12) divisant l'espace intérieur (10) du cylindre (4) en une chambre de travail (10a) éloignée de la tige de piston et une chambre de travail (10b) côté tige de piston, de sorte que le piston principal (12) peut être alimenté sur un côté avec la pression régnant dans la chambre de travail (10a) éloignée de la tige de piston et, sur le côté opposé dans le sens axial, à la pression régnant dans la chambre de travail (10b) côté tige de piston,
    un piston de serre-flan (18) avec une tige de piston (20) qui est raccordée à un serre-flan (22) pour exercer une force de serre-flan sur les pièces (A, B),
    le piston de serre-flan entourant de façon coaxiale avec sa tige de piston (20) la tige de piston (14) du piston principal (12) et étant déplaçable par rapport à celui-ci, et
    chacune des deux chambres de travail (10a, b) pouvant être au choix alimentée avec un moyen de pression ou déchargée en pression via respectivement un raccord de moyen de pression (24, 26),
    caractérisé en ce que
    le piston de serre-flan (18) est disposé dans la chambre de travail (10b), côté tige de piston, du cylindre (4), et en ce que les tronçons de la chambre de travail (10a) côté tige de piston qui sont situés sur les côtés, opposés dans le sens axial, du piston de serre-flan (18) sont raccordés entre eux en permanence par un raccord d'écoulement (28), de sorte que le piston de serre-flan (18) est, sur ses côtés opposés dans le sens axial, alimenté avec la pression régnant dans la chambre de travail (10b) côté tige de piston.
  18. Dispositif d'actionnement d'un outil d'assemblage pour l'assemblage d'autres moins deux pièces en forme de plaque (A, B) en matériaux de type identique ou différents, avec :
    un premier cylindre hydraulique (4a) avec un piston principal (12a) qui est raccordé de façon fixe, via une tige de piston (14a), à un poinçon (16a) pour le processus d'assemblage et qui divise l'espace intérieur du cylindre (4a) en une chambre de travail côté tige de piston et une chambre de travail éloignée de la tige de piston, dont chacune, via un raccord de moyen de pression (24a, 26a), est alimentée en moyen de pression ou peut être déchargée en pression,
    un deuxième cylindre hydraulique (5a) avec un piston de serre-flan (18a) qui est raccordé, via une tige de piston (20a), à un serre-flan (22a) pour exercer une force de serre-flan et qui limite une chambre de travail (31) qui peut au choix être alimentée en moyen de pression ou déchargée en pression,
    caractérisé en ce que la chambre de travail (31) du deuxième cylindre (5a) et la chambre de travail, côté tige de piston, du premier cylindre (4a) sont raccordées entre elles en permanence par un raccord d'écoulement (33).
  19. Dispositif selon la revendication 17 ou 18, caractérisé en ce que la chambre de travail éloignée de la tige de piston et la chambre de travail côté tige de piston peuvent au choix être alimentées, respectivement, via un distributeur (32, 34) propre, en moyen de pression ou peuvent être déchargées en pression.
  20. Dispositif selon la revendication 17 ou 18, caractérisé en ce que la chambre de travail côté tige de piston et la chambre de travail éloignée de la tige de piston peuvent, via une vanne de dérivation (36) commune et un distributeur commun (38) qui sont montés en série, être au choix alimentées en moyen de pression ou être déchargées en pression.
  21. Procédé selon une des revendications 17 à 20, caractérisé en ce que le piston principal (12) et le piston de serre-flan (18) peuvent être raccordés l'un à l'autre par un raccord de butée (30) agissant uniquement dans une direction axiale, de sorte que le piston principal (12), lors d'un mouvement depuis une position de travail vers une position de base, entraîne le piston de serre-flan (18) dans une position de base correspondante.
  22. Procédé d'actionnement d'un dispositif selon une des revendications 17 à 21, caractérisé en ce que, dans une position d'assemblage, pendant le processus d'assemblage, la chambre de travail (10a) éloignée de la tige de piston est alimentée avec une pression pour l'exécution du processus d'assemblage et la chambre de travail (10b) côté tige de piston est essentiellement rendue dépourvue de pression, de sorte que le serre-flan (22) n'exerce essentiellement aucune force de serre-flan.
  23. Dispositif selon la revendication 22, caractérisé en ce que, dans une position de retouche après le processus d'assemblage, la chambre de travail éloignée de la tige de piston et la chambre de travail côté tige de piston (10a, 10b) sont respectivement alimentées avec une pression élevée, de sorte que le poinçon (16) et le serre-flan (22) exercent, après le processus d'assemblage, une force élevée sur l'emplacement d'assemblage (8) et les pièces (A, B).
  24. Dispositif selon la revendication 22 ou 23, caractérisé en ce que, dans une position de préusinage avant le processus d'assemblage, la chambre de travail éloignée de la tige de piston et la chambre de travail côté tige de piston (10a, 10b) sont alimentées avec une pression faible, de sorte que le poinçon (16) et le serre-flan (22) exercent respectivement une force faible sur l'emplacement d'assemblage (8) et les pièces (A, B).
  25. Procédé selon une des revendications 22 à 24, caractérisé en ce que, dans une position de base, la chambre de travail (10b) côté tige de piston est alimentée avec une faible pression et la chambre de travail (10a) éloignée de la tige de piston est essentiellement rendue dépourvue de pression de sorte que le piston principal (12) est pressé dans une position extrême servant de position de base.
EP05017030A 2004-09-24 2005-08-04 Procédé d'assemblage et dispositif de commande d'un outil d'assemblage Active EP1640081B2 (fr)

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US7475473B2 (en) 2009-01-13
US20060065699A1 (en) 2006-03-30
US7721405B2 (en) 2010-05-25
CA2688948C (fr) 2012-01-31
US20070124911A1 (en) 2007-06-07
KR100794637B1 (ko) 2008-01-14
JP3955074B2 (ja) 2007-08-08
US7370399B2 (en) 2008-05-13
DE502005000144D1 (de) 2006-11-30
CA2688948A1 (fr) 2006-03-24
CA2516137C (fr) 2010-03-16
CA2516137A1 (fr) 2006-03-24
DE102005031917A1 (de) 2006-04-13
ATE342781T1 (de) 2006-11-15
US20090077786A1 (en) 2009-03-26
JP2006088225A (ja) 2006-04-06
EP1640081A1 (fr) 2006-03-29
KR20060051487A (ko) 2006-05-19
EP1640081B1 (fr) 2006-10-18

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