EP1605485B1 - Leistungsschalter - Google Patents

Leistungsschalter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1605485B1
EP1605485B1 EP04405351A EP04405351A EP1605485B1 EP 1605485 B1 EP1605485 B1 EP 1605485B1 EP 04405351 A EP04405351 A EP 04405351A EP 04405351 A EP04405351 A EP 04405351A EP 1605485 B1 EP1605485 B1 EP 1605485B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
area
circuit breaker
volume
exhaust
flow tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04405351A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1605485A1 (de
Inventor
Xiangyang Ye
Frank Wolter
Helmut Heiermeier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Technology AG
Original Assignee
ABB Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=34932137&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP1605485(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by ABB Technology AG filed Critical ABB Technology AG
Priority to AT04405351T priority Critical patent/ATE369614T1/de
Priority to DE502004004571T priority patent/DE502004004571D1/de
Priority to EP04405351A priority patent/EP1605485B1/de
Priority to PCT/CH2005/000295 priority patent/WO2005122201A1/de
Priority to CN2005800185562A priority patent/CN1965382B/zh
Priority to JP2007513647A priority patent/JP4643634B2/ja
Publication of EP1605485A1 publication Critical patent/EP1605485A1/de
Priority to US11/634,076 priority patent/US7402771B2/en
Publication of EP1605485B1 publication Critical patent/EP1605485B1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H2033/888—Deflection of hot gasses and arcing products

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a circuit breaker according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • This circuit breaker has a rotationally symmetrical formed quenching chamber, which is filled with an electronegative gas, for example with SF 6 gas, as extinguishing and insulating medium.
  • the quenching chamber has an arc chamber in which the quenching and insulating medium is ionized and heated by the disconnecting arc burning between two power contacts. A portion of this heated extinguishing and insulating medium flows through an insulating nozzle into an exhaust volume, where it is cooled and deflected by means of a cooling device.
  • a mixing of the heated extinguishing and insulating medium with the existing in the exhaust cold gas is possible only to a relatively small extent, since the vast majority of the cold gas is pushed out of the heated extinguishing and insulating medium from the exhaust before a significant mixing is possible.
  • the flow resistance that the cooling device opposes the flowing gas is kept as low as possible in this circuit breaker. The cooled and deionized extinguishing and insulating medium is then available again for further switching operations.
  • the cooling device has cooling plates, which are elaborately formed aerodynamically favorable and must be kept expensive, also they are made of a burn-resistant and therefore relatively expensive metal. Cooling of the heated extinguishing and insulating medium by mixing with cold gas takes place here only to a very limited extent.
  • the invention is based on the prior art according to the US 4, 471, 187 , There, a high-voltage switch is shown with a special exhaust design, wherein in an exhaust volume Verwirbelungsbleche are arranged, by means of which the exhaust gases are forcibly swirled and at least locally recirculated. So the exhaust gas can be cooled better.
  • the invention solves the problem of providing a circuit breaker with significantly increased breaking capacity, the exhaust is comparatively simple and inexpensive and which cools the hot gases particularly effective.
  • the inventive circuit breaker has in a filled with an insulating gas encapsulation at least one along a longitudinal axis extending, at least two power contacts and an arc chamber containing this associated quenching chamber.
  • the arc chamber is in operative connection with at least one exhaust volume having an exhaust volume.
  • the exhaust is designed for the cooling of hot gases generated during cut-offs and is connected to a quenching chamber volume.
  • the hot gases flow from the arc chamber into an intermediate volume and then to the intermediate volume a Düsenengnis having, laval nozzle-like flow tube formed in the associated with the extinguishing chamber volume exhaust volume leads.
  • a jet nozzle exhibiting, Laval nozzle-like design flow tube is added, which leads into the associated with the quenching chamber volume exhaust volume.
  • circuit breaker is provided in the intermediate volume at least one projecting into the flow of hot gases baffle plate.
  • circuit breaker means are provided in the exhaust volume, which deflect the flow of hot gases by up to 180 °.
  • a variant of the circuit breaker which is suitable for extremely large cut-off power has openings in the flow tube which allow additional gas to enter the flow tube, so that at least a second, forcibly generated recirculation zone is formed, in which the hot gases are mixed and cooled particularly effectively with colder gas.
  • a circuit breaker may have one or more series-connected, filled with an insulating gas extinguishing chambers that operate according to one of the conventional switching principles, so for example as a self-baffle, as a self-baffle chamber with at least one additional compression piston assembly or as a simple compression piston switch.
  • the circuit breaker may be formed as an encapsulated circuit breaker, wherein as the encapsulating material metal or plastic can be selected.
  • the circuit breaker can thus be designed, for example, as an outdoor switch, as part of a metal-enclosed gas-insulated switchgear or as a dead tank breaker.
  • 1 shows a partial section through the greatly simplified and schematically illustrated quenching chamber 1 of a first embodiment of a circuit breaker during a turn-off, wherein the usually present in addition to the power current path shown parallel nominal current path is not shown.
  • this quenching chamber 1 is of rotationally symmetrical design and extends along a longitudinal axis 2.
  • the quenching chamber 1 is enclosed in a gastight manner by a concentrically arranged and grounded metal encapsulation 3 here.
  • the electrically insulating holders, which fix the quenching chamber 1 in the metal enclosure 3, are not shown.
  • the quenching chamber 1 has an arc chamber 4, in which an arc 7 burns during the switch-off between two rod-shaped power contacts 5 and 6.
  • the power contact 5 is formed here as a movable contact, which moves axially in the direction of an arrow 8 during the turn-off, the power contact 6, however, is designed as a stationary contact, but its mechanical attachment is the Not shown for simplicity.
  • the arc chamber 4 is bounded in the radial direction by the inner wall of an insulating nozzle 9.
  • the insulating nozzle 9 opens in the direction of an intermediate volume 10.
  • the insulating nozzle 9 may be stationary, but it may also be, as laid down here, together with the power contact 5 to be movable.
  • the intermediate volume 10 is bounded in the radial direction by a metallic wall 14.
  • a pipe socket 15 On the insulating nozzle 9 side facing a pipe socket 15 is added to the wall 14 in the axial direction, which has a smaller diameter than the wall 14 to the outside limited intermediate volume 10.
  • the outside of the insulating 9 is guided axially
  • a constriction 16 is added to the wall 14 of the intermediate volume 10, which limits the intermediate volume 10 on this side.
  • the transition from the wall 14 to the constriction 16 has a radius R. This radius R supports the deflection of the hot gases in the intermediate volume 10.
  • a radius R in the range of 25 mm is selected, whereby an exit angle ⁇ of the cooled exhaust gases of about 30 ° is reached.
  • the constriction 16 merges into an axially extending, laval nozzle-like metallic flow tube 17, which has a nozzle groove 18 on the side facing the intermediate volume 10, and which opens to the exhaust volume 12.
  • the end of the flow tube 17 in the direction of the exhaust volume 12 is referred to as the outlet edge 17a.
  • the laval nozzle-like flow tube 17 thus connects the intermediate volume 10 with the exhaust volume 12th
  • the exhaust volume 12 is limited by a streamlined trained metallic exhaust housing 19, which deflects the flow of hot gas by up to 180 °.
  • a cylindrically formed part of the exhaust housing 19 has approximately the same outer diameter as the intermediate volume 10 and surrounds the flow tube 17, between which and the exhaust housing 19, a channel 20 remains with an annular cross-section for the flowing, already slightly cooled hot gas.
  • the insulating gas in the quenching chamber volume 22 surrounds the previously described active parts of the quenching chamber 1 and insulates them against the metal encapsulation 3.
  • the length L 3 of the flow tube 17 is advantageously chosen so that it corresponds to three times the diameter of the nozzle groove 18. However, a satisfactory exhaust performance is also achieved when the length L 3 of the flow tube 17 is selected to be in the range of two to three times the diameter of the nozzle groove 18.
  • FIG. 2 shows a greatly simplified and schematically illustrated partial section through the exhaust area of the quenching chamber according to FIG.
  • An area F D denotes the exit surface of the hot gases from the insulating nozzle 9, or the entrance surface of the hot gases in the intermediate volume 10, the baffle plate 11 has approximately the same effective area as the surface F D.
  • An annular surface F A represents the area which lies between the baffle plate 11 and the wall 14.
  • a surface F E indicates the cross section of the nozzle passage 18 of the flow tube 17.
  • An area F 1 indicates the outlet cross section from the flow tube 17, in which case the area F 1 is approximately the same size as the area F D.
  • An annular surface F 2 represents the surface which lies between the outlet edge 17 a of the flow tube 17 and the exhaust housing 19.
  • An annular surface F 3 indicates the cross section which lies between the throat of the flow tube 17 and the imaginary extension of the exhaust housing 19. Between the outer wall of the constriction 16 and the end edge 21 of the exhaust housing 19 remains a cylindrical outlet surface F 4th
  • the Surface F D , the surface of the baffle plate 11 and the surface F 1 formed approximately the same size.
  • the annular surface F A around the baffle plate 11 is formed to have 30 to 80% of the area F D.
  • the areas F E and F 2 are typically dimensioned to be in the range of 50 to 70% of F D.
  • the annular surface F 3 is approximately the same size as the surface F D , and also the exit surface F 4 .
  • FIG. 1 Further design possibilities of the described exhaust area are shown in FIG.
  • the variants described below can, depending on the required breaking capacity of the quenching chamber 1, each used alone or in combination with two or three.
  • a second metallic plate, a circular perforated plate 23, which is provided with a plurality of openings 24, is installed here.
  • the distance between the openings 24 should generally be in the range greater than twice the diameter D 1 .
  • openings 25 may be provided downstream of the nozzle passage 18. These openings 25 can be shaped differently, they connect the interior of the flow tube 17 with the annular volume outside of the flow tube 17.
  • a flow-trained deflection 26 are fixed, which the deflection of the hot gas flow by 180 ° relieved.
  • baffle plate 11 shows a further embodiment of the baffle plate 11 in plan view and right thereof as a partial section.
  • the circular metallic baffle plate 11 is provided with uniformly distributed on the circumference and approximately the same depth narrow cuts 27.
  • the standing between the sipes 27 wings 28 are bent in each case windradartig about 30 °.
  • a particularly effective turbulence of the hot gas flow is achieved and, associated therewith, a particularly good cooling of the same.
  • the device for connecting the baffle plate 11 with the power contact 6 is not shown.
  • the arrow 13 indicates the general flow of the hot gases generated by the arc 7 through the exhaust region of the quenching chamber 1. After flowing out of the hot gases from the insulating 9 they meet the baffle plate 11 and are slightly deflected. The baffle plate 11 absorbs thermal energy from the hot gases, as well as the wall 14. By this cooling, the volume of the flowing hot gas is slightly reduced. The hot gas then flows around the baffle plate 11 and impinges on the constriction 16, where it is deflected again and further cooled by energy delivery to the material of the constriction 16 and thus reduced in volume.
  • the portion of the intermediate volume 10 located downstream of the baffle plate 11 serves, in part, as a recirculating area 29 for the flowing gas.
  • the area of the recirculation area 29 is represented schematically by a dashed arrow 30.
  • an effective flow is formed, which leads to a particularly good mixing of the hot gases with the cooler located in the intermediate volume 10 Insulating gas leads.
  • Insulating gas leads.
  • the essential part of the thermal energy is withdrawn from the hot gas.
  • the turbulences occurring in the edge regions of the intermediate volume 10 improve the heat transfer from the hot gas into the material of the boundaries, their share of the cooling effect of the exhaust is generally not significant.
  • This mixed and further cooled gas then flows into the flow tube 17, wherein it is first concentrated by the nozzle groove 18. Since the flow tube 17 widens in the manner of a lavalloe after the nozzle groove 18, the flow velocity of the gas increases there, so that a negative pressure is created which additionally sucks the gas through the nozzle groove 18. This effect advantageously increases the intensity of the gas mixing in the area of the recirculation area 29 located downstream of the baffle plate 11. Heat energy from the hot gases is also taken up and removed through the wall of the flow tube 17.
  • the hot gases initially flow away from the arc chamber 4 in a predominantly axial direction, but after exiting the flow tube 17 they are deflected by the exhaust housing 19 by 180 ° and out of the flow tube 17 opposite to the original flow direction.
  • the metallic exhaust housing 19 also absorbs heat energy which it extracts from the hot gas. Eddies, which inevitably arise during the deflection of the gas, improve this heat transfer. By this complete deflection of the gas flow, the length of the exhaust area is shortened, which has a beneficial reduction and thus a cheapening of the quenching chamber 1 result.
  • the further cooled gas then flows between the outside of the flow tube 17 and the exhaust housing 19 in the direction of extinguishing chamber volume 22.
  • the flowed through annular surface F 2 when entering this area is smaller than the annular surface F 3 , or the cylindrical outlet surface F 4 , when flowing out of this exhaust area, so that the flow velocity of the gas is significantly reduced, whereby in this area, the pressure of the gas increases slightly.
  • the transition from the constriction 16 to the wall 14 has a radius R.
  • a radius R in the range of 25 mm is selected, whereby an exit angle ⁇ of the cooled exhaust gases into the quenching chamber volume 22 of about 30 ° is achieved.
  • the embodiments of the quenching chamber 1 shown in Figure 3 improve the performance of the exhaust.
  • the mounted in front of the baffle plate 11 perforated plate 23 improves the cooling effect of the baffle plate 11 quite essential.
  • a further recirculation region 31 forms here as a result, indicated by dashed arrows 32 indicate.
  • dashed arrows 32 indicate.
  • a further intensive mixing of hot and cold gas takes place and, associated therewith, an even better cooling of the hot gases. Thereafter, the flow rate of the exhaust gases in the flow tube 17 increases again.
  • the inserted into the exhaust housing 19 deflection 26 advantageously reduces the flow resistance during deflection of the gas flow in the opposite direction.
  • the deflection 26 withdraws the gas stream further heat energy.
  • the circular metallic baffle plate 11 with circumferentially distributed, radial narrow cuts 27, as shown in Figure 4, causes a particularly effective turbulence of the hot gas stream.
  • the flow is replaced by the windrady entangled wings 28 a twist, which intensifies the flow additionally.
  • the hot gas flow passing directly through the incisions 27 causes in the recirculation zone 29 behind the baffle plate 11 an embodiment of the baffle plate 11 described above, an even more intensive mixing of hot and cold gas and, associated therewith, an even more effective cooling of the hot gases in this area.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
EP04405351A 2004-06-07 2004-06-07 Leistungsschalter Expired - Lifetime EP1605485B1 (de)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT04405351T ATE369614T1 (de) 2004-06-07 2004-06-07 Leistungsschalter
DE502004004571T DE502004004571D1 (de) 2004-06-07 2004-06-07 Leistungsschalter
EP04405351A EP1605485B1 (de) 2004-06-07 2004-06-07 Leistungsschalter
CN2005800185562A CN1965382B (zh) 2004-06-07 2005-05-25 功率开关
PCT/CH2005/000295 WO2005122201A1 (de) 2004-06-07 2005-05-25 Leistungsschalter
JP2007513647A JP4643634B2 (ja) 2004-06-07 2005-05-25 サーキット・ブレーカ
US11/634,076 US7402771B2 (en) 2004-06-07 2006-12-06 Circuit breaker

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04405351A EP1605485B1 (de) 2004-06-07 2004-06-07 Leistungsschalter

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1605485A1 EP1605485A1 (de) 2005-12-14
EP1605485B1 true EP1605485B1 (de) 2007-08-08

Family

ID=34932137

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04405351A Expired - Lifetime EP1605485B1 (de) 2004-06-07 2004-06-07 Leistungsschalter

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US7402771B2 (ja)
EP (1) EP1605485B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP4643634B2 (ja)
CN (1) CN1965382B (ja)
AT (1) ATE369614T1 (ja)
DE (1) DE502004004571D1 (ja)
WO (1) WO2005122201A1 (ja)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008039813A1 (de) * 2008-08-25 2010-03-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter mit einer Schaltstrecke

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE458259T1 (de) 2005-09-26 2010-03-15 Abb Technology Ag Hochspannungsschalter mit verbesserter schaltleistung
EP1835520B2 (de) 2006-03-14 2013-12-18 ABB Technology AG Schaltkammer für einen gasisolierten Hochspannungsschalter
ATE457520T1 (de) * 2006-12-06 2010-02-15 Abb Research Ltd Hochspannungsschalter mit einem isoliergasgefüllten metallbehälter
DE502007006438D1 (de) * 2007-10-16 2011-03-17 Abb Research Ltd Einem von einem überstromventil gesteuerten entlastungskanal
EP2120244A1 (de) 2008-05-15 2009-11-18 ABB Technology AG Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter
DE102009009451A1 (de) 2009-02-13 2010-08-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schaltgeräteanordnung mit einer Schaltstrecke
DE102009009450A1 (de) * 2009-02-13 2010-08-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schaltgeräteanordnung
CN102013365B (zh) * 2011-01-07 2013-05-01 上海诺雅克电气有限公司 断路器的灭弧装置
DE102011083594A1 (de) * 2011-09-28 2013-03-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Leistungsschalterunterbrechereinheit
US9673006B2 (en) 2015-01-23 2017-06-06 Alstom Technology Ltd Exhaust diffuser for a gas-insulated high voltage circuit breaker
CN109935495B (zh) * 2018-11-09 2024-04-30 许继（厦门）智能电力设备股份有限公司 一种灭弧室绝缘辅助结构
JPWO2020157833A1 (ja) * 2019-01-29 2021-02-18 三菱電機株式会社 ガス遮断器
KR102362783B1 (ko) * 2020-03-09 2022-02-11 엘에스일렉트릭(주) 가스절연 개폐장치

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US2345375A (en) * 1942-12-19 1944-03-28 Gen Electric Electric circuit breaker
JPS5362180A (en) * 1976-11-17 1978-06-03 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Single pressure type gas breaker
CH645753A5 (en) 1979-05-22 1984-10-15 Sprecher & Schuh Ag Gas-blast circuit breaker
DE3275041D1 (en) * 1981-09-30 1987-02-12 Sprecher Energie Ag Compressed-gas circuit breaker
DE3440212A1 (de) * 1984-10-10 1986-04-17 BBC Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie., Baden, Aargau Druckgasschalter
DE19832709C5 (de) * 1998-07-14 2006-05-11 Siemens Ag Hochspannungsleistungsschalter mit einer Unterbrechereinheit
DE19928080C5 (de) * 1999-06-11 2006-11-16 Siemens Ag Hochspannungsleistungsschalter mit einem Abströmkanal
DE19953560C1 (de) 1999-11-03 2001-06-07 Siemens Ag Druckgas-Leistungsschalter
DE10156535C1 (de) * 2001-11-14 2003-06-26 Siemens Ag Leistungsschalter
DE10221576B4 (de) * 2002-05-08 2006-06-01 Siemens Ag Elektrisches Schaltgerät mit einer Kühleinrichtung
DE10221580B3 (de) * 2002-05-08 2004-01-22 Siemens Ag Unterbrechereinheit eines Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalters

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008039813A1 (de) * 2008-08-25 2010-03-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter mit einer Schaltstrecke

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1965382B (zh) 2010-05-05
JP4643634B2 (ja) 2011-03-02
WO2005122201A1 (de) 2005-12-22
JP2008502098A (ja) 2008-01-24
DE502004004571D1 (de) 2007-09-20
US7402771B2 (en) 2008-07-22
CN1965382A (zh) 2007-05-16
US20070075044A1 (en) 2007-04-05
EP1605485A1 (de) 2005-12-14
ATE369614T1 (de) 2007-08-15

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