EP1594666B1 - Procede et usine pour former des tuiles ou des plaques ceramiques - Google Patents

Procede et usine pour former des tuiles ou des plaques ceramiques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1594666B1
EP1594666B1 EP04708750A EP04708750A EP1594666B1 EP 1594666 B1 EP1594666 B1 EP 1594666B1 EP 04708750 A EP04708750 A EP 04708750A EP 04708750 A EP04708750 A EP 04708750A EP 1594666 B1 EP1594666 B1 EP 1594666B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hopper
dimension
belt
powders
plant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04708750A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1594666A1 (fr
Inventor
Pietro Rivola
Silvano Valli
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sacmi Imola SC
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Sacmi Imola SC
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sacmi Imola SC filed Critical Sacmi Imola SC
Publication of EP1594666A1 publication Critical patent/EP1594666A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1594666B1 publication Critical patent/EP1594666B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B5/00—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping
    • B28B5/02—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping on conveyors of the endless-belt or chain type
    • B28B5/026—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping on conveyors of the endless-belt or chain type the shaped articles being of indefinite length
    • B28B5/027—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping on conveyors of the endless-belt or chain type the shaped articles being of indefinite length the moulding surfaces being of the indefinite length type, e.g. belts, and being continuously fed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
    • B28B13/022—Feeding several successive layers, optionally of different materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/12—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein one or more rollers exert pressure on the material
    • B28B3/123—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein one or more rollers exert pressure on the material on material in moulds or on moulding surfaces moving continuously underneath or between the rollers, e.g. on an endless belt

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and plant for forming ceramic tiles and slabs.
  • Such ceramic tiles or slabs are produced by compacting, by hydraulic presses, semi-dry atomized, ground or re-granulated powders variously mixed together in prearranged or random manner. Specifically, the powder mixtures are deposited by suitable means into the forming cavities of rigid steel moulds with which the presses are provided, and are then pressed to obtain the product.
  • the described method is implemented by a plant comprising a fixed hopper for containing a mixture of powders presenting bulk veining in imitation of a natural stone.
  • a plant comprising a fixed hopper for containing a mixture of powders presenting bulk veining in imitation of a natural stone.
  • movable means arranged to deposit in the cavity a succession of powder portions withdrawn from said hopper, until the cavity is completely filled.
  • the described plant is little versatile in terms of format change, this now being an essential characteristic in a modern plant.
  • the technology is increasingly aimed at obtaining ceramic slabs or tile having variable dimensions in accordance with market requirements. There is therefore the need for a more versatile plant which enables the tile or slab format to be changed rapidly without the need for lengthy interruptions in production.
  • WO-A-96/15888 discloses an apparatus using a conveyor belt for loading a press for forming ceramic tiles or slabs according to the preamble of claim 4 and a method for forming ceramic tiles or slabs in a continuous press, comprising the following operative steps:
  • the object of the invention is to satisfy said requirement within the framework of a simple and rational solution.
  • the invention provides a method for forming ceramic tiles or slabs in a continuous press arranged to form a slab of indefinite length comprising the following operative steps:
  • said portions are withdrawn by moving the hopper with reciprocating movement in the belt advancement direction above suitable distribution means.
  • Such a plant comprises a conveyor belt, above which there is positioned a hopper movable with to-and-fro movement in the direction of the belt axis and containing a mixture of powders presenting bulk veining in imitation of a natural stone. With said hopper there are associated powder distribution means arranged to enable a succession of powder portions to fall by gravity onto said belt, to create a continuous powder strip which said belt feeds to a continuous pressing station.
  • the hopper is driven by usual known means.
  • the powder distribution means comprise a fixed plate provided centrally with a slot perpendicular to the direction of translation of said belt, said plate having a dimension in the belt advancement direction equal to at least double the corresponding dimension of the lower mouth of said hopper, and a dimension in the direction perpendicular to said belt advancement direction equal to the corresponding dimension of the lower mouth of the hopper.
  • the slot with which the plate is provided presents, in the belt advancement direction, a dimension which is a function of the graphic resolution to be obtained on the finished tile.
  • the slot dimension in the belt advancement direction varies between 10 and 50 mm, and preferably between 20 and 40 mm.
  • said continuous pressing station is arranged to compact the powder strip created on the belt to a pressure sufficient to obtain a continuous coherent product intended to undergo a second final pressing after being divided into blanks of predefined dimensions by a usual cutting station, before feeding the blanks to firing.
  • the pressure exerted on said powder strip reaches a value not exceeding 100 bar.
  • said continuous pressing station compacts the powder strip to a maximum pressure close to 250-300 bar.
  • the thus compacted product does not require a subsequent second pressing, and can hence be divided into blanks by a usual cutting station, to be fed directly to firing.
  • the plant can be provided with scraping devices to remove a thin layer of powders in order to display the veining present in said strip, and also with further devices for the controlled deposition of further decorative powders on said strip.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic side view of the plant according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the section II-II shown in Figure 1.
  • FIGS 3 and 4 schematically show the operation of the invention.
  • Said figures show the plant 1, which comprises a conveyor belt 2, above which there are positioned means 3 for creating a continuous powder strip 100 on the belt 2, a suction scraping system 4, a continuous pressing station 5 and a cutting station 6.
  • the said means for creating the continuous powder strip 100 comprise a hopper 7 driven with reciprocating motion, in which the powders are deposited by an overlying movable feeder 70 also driven along two mutually perpendicular directions in a plane parallel to the plane of the belt 2, and caused by known means, not shown, to slide above the upper mouth of the hopper 7.
  • the purpose of the feeder 70 is to deposit by gravity at least two powders of different characteristics into the hopper 7 such that they together form a mass presenting variously disposed veining reproducing that present in a natural stone. In other words this mass can be said to reproduce a block of natural stone, which is then cut into layers which are deposited on the belt 2 by the distribution means 8 associated with the hopper and described hereinafter.
  • baffles 71 Figure 2 positioned at the hopper exit mouth.
  • a second series of baffles 72 is associated with the upper mouth of the hopper, to mix the powders fed into the hopper 7 in order to create the veining and the aesthetic effects as randomly as possible in imitation of the veining appearing in a block of natural stone.
  • baffles 71 or only the baffles 72 could be provided, or alternatively none at all.
  • the hopper 7 is associated with a drive system, not shown, which causes it to translate with reciprocating motion above the powder distribution means 8.
  • said distribution means 8 are associated with the lower mouth of the hopper 7 and comprise a fixed plate 9 provided with a slot 10, disposed perpendicular to the translation direction of the plate 9.
  • the plate 9 has a dimension in the direction perpendicular to the belt advancement direction which is greater than the corresponding overlying dimension of the hopper 7, and a dimension in the belt advancement direction equal to at least double the corresponding dimension of the hopper 7.
  • the slot 10 has a dimension in the direction perpendicular to the belt advancement direction which is equal to the corresponding dimension of the lower mouth of the hopper 7, and a dimension in the belt advancement direction which depends on the graphic resolution to be obtained on the finished tile.
  • the slot 10 is provided lowerly with a perimetral surround 101 which delimits the thickness of the powder strip deposited on the belt 2, to prevent the strip sliding against the lower surface of the plate 9.
  • the height of the surround 101 varies between 1 and 300 mm, depending on the actual embodiment of the invention.
  • a usual device 40 for scraping the upper surface of the powder strip 100 Downstream of the hopper 7b there is positioned a usual device 40 for scraping the upper surface of the powder strip 100.
  • Said device 40 is connected to a suction system, not shown being of known type, which enables a thin surface layer of powders to be removed from the strip 100 in order to exalt the graphics and the contrast between the different coloured powders of the strip 100.
  • the belt 2 feeds the powder strip to a continuous pressing station 5, also of known type, comprising an upper compacting band 50 provided to compact the powder strip on the lower belt 2 to obtain a continuous compacted product.
  • Means for laterally retaining the powder strip on the belt 2 are associated with said compacting band 50. These latter lateral retention means are not shown as they are known to the expert of the art.
  • the compaction effected by the compacting band 50 is sufficient to obtain a compacted product which does not require further compacting.
  • the maximum compacting pressure reaches values close to 300 bar.
  • the product is divided into blanks of predefined dimensions by a usual cutting device 6.
  • said device essentially comprises a rotary blade 60 for making the cut in the direction perpendicular to the belt advancement direction, and at least two further rotary blades 61, only one of which is visible in the figures, for cutting the compacted product in the advancement direction of the belt 2.
  • the described plant is controlled by a processor, not shown, which controls its operation in the following manner.
  • the hopper 7 While the belt 2 advances ( Figure 4), the hopper 7 translates reciprocatingly on the plate 9 in such a manner as to deposit adjacent powder portions on the belt 2, to create thereon a continuous powder strip which is firstly scraped by the system 4, and then compacted in the compacting station 5. Downstream of the compacting station the rotary blades 60 and 61 cut the strip into blanks of predefined dimensions.
  • the manner of distributing the powders can be further varied by changing the hopper translation speed, in addition to the movement of the overlying feeder 70.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Une méthode pour la formation de carreaux ou de dalles en céramique dans une presse continue, comprenant les phases de travail ci-dessous :
    - agencement d'une trémie, entraînée par un mouvement alternatif, au-dessus d'une courroie transporteuse,
    - pose dans la trémie, d'une façon préétablie et/ou randomisée, d'un mélange de poudres ayant des caractéristiques différentes de façon à créer dans la trémie une masse de poudres présentant une veinure propre à chaque bloc de pierre naturelle,
    - extraction en séquence de ladite masse de poudres de portions ayant, dans le sens d'avancement de la courroie, une taille égale à une fraction de la taille de ladite trémie dans le même sens et, dans le sens perpendiculaire par rapport à cet dernier, la même taille que la bouche de la trémie, de façon à extraire toute une couche de ladite masse,
    - pose de ladite couche par-dessus ladite courroie, et
    - compression des poudres par biais d'un système de compression continue.
  2. Une méthode selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la taille desdites portions de poudres dans le sens de translation de la courroie est une fonction de la résolution graphique à obtenir sur le carreau fini.
  3. Une méthode selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les poudres sont introduites dans la trémie par au moins un alimentateur mobile par rapport à la trémie.
  4. Une installation pour la formation de carreaux ou de dalles en céramique comprenant une courroie transporteuse, par-dessus laquelle est positionné une trémie contenant un mélange de poudres présentant une veinure pêle-mêle sur l'imitation d'une pierre naturelle, des moyens de distribution des poudres étant associés avec ladite trémie aménagés en vue de transporter les poudres jusqu'à la courroie transporteuse y gisant au-dessous, caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens de distribution des poudres sont fixes tandis que ladite trémie est mobile par-dessus lesdits moyens pour déposer, sur ladite courroie qui avance, une série de portions de poudres de façon à créer une bande de poudres continue que ladite courroie transporte jusqu'à une station de compression continue.
  5. Une installation selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que ladite trémie est entraînée par des moyens convenables qui la font déplacer par translation alternativement au-dessus desdits moyens de distribution.
  6. Une installation selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que la vitesse de translation de ladite trémie a un module ou vitesse de valeur absolue différente par rapport à la vitesse de translation de la courroie transporteuse y gisant au-dessous (2).
  7. Une installation selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens de distribution des poudres comprennent une plaque fixe munie centralement d'une fente perpendiculaire au sens de translation de ladite courroie, ladite plaque ayant une taille dans le sens de translation de la courroie qui est égale à au moins deux fois la taille de la bouche inférieure de ladite trémie dans le même sens, et une taille dans le sens perpendiculaire par rapport à cet dernier qui est au moins égale à la taille de la bouche inférieure de la trémie dans le même sens.
  8. Une installation selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que la taille de ladite fente, dans le sens de translation du plateau, est comprise entre 10 e 50 mm.
  9. Une installation selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que la taille de ladite fente, dans le sens de translation du plateau, est comprise de préférence entre 20 et 40 mm.
  10. Une installation selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que ladite fente a une taille, dans le sens perpendiculaire par rapport au sens d'avancement de ladite courroie, qui est une fonction de la taille correspondante du carreau qui va être formé.
  11. Une installation selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce qu'un contour d'écroûtage périmétral est associé au bord inférieur de ladite fente.
  12. Une installation selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que la hauteur dudit contour est comprise entre 1 et 300 mm.
EP04708750A 2003-02-17 2004-02-06 Procede et usine pour former des tuiles ou des plaques ceramiques Expired - Lifetime EP1594666B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000015A ITRE20030015A1 (it) 2003-02-17 2003-02-17 "metodo ed impianto per la formatura di piastrelle o lastre ceramiche"
ITRE20030015 2003-02-17
PCT/EP2004/001185 WO2004071733A1 (fr) 2003-02-17 2004-02-06 Procede et usine pour former des tuiles ou des plaques ceramiques

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1594666A1 EP1594666A1 (fr) 2005-11-16
EP1594666B1 true EP1594666B1 (fr) 2006-06-21

Family

ID=29267132

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04708750A Expired - Lifetime EP1594666B1 (fr) 2003-02-17 2004-02-06 Procede et usine pour former des tuiles ou des plaques ceramiques

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1594666B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN100493875C (fr)
AT (1) ATE330762T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE602004001338D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2267045T3 (fr)
IT (1) ITRE20030015A1 (fr)
PT (1) PT1594666E (fr)
RU (1) RU2354550C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004071733A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITRE20050030A1 (it) * 2005-03-24 2006-09-25 Sacmi Lastra ceramica perfezionata per rivestimenti e metodo per la sua fabbricazione
MX2007011554A (es) 2006-09-22 2008-10-28 Scg Building Materials Co Ltd Aparato y metodo para formar un patron en azulejo o losa de ceramica con un grosor prescrito.
ITMO20060295A1 (it) * 2006-09-26 2008-03-27 Mirage Granito Ceramico S P A Apparato per produrre manufatti ceramici decorati
EP2065150B1 (fr) 2007-11-27 2014-03-05 SCG Building Materials Co., Ltd. Dispositif pour fabriquer des veines continues ayant des modèles désirés et traversant l'épaisseur totale d'un produit et son procédé de préparation
CN101804664A (zh) * 2010-03-24 2010-08-18 林铭章 一种陶瓷微粉砖面料的布料设备及其方法
CN102343623A (zh) * 2011-09-22 2012-02-08 佛山市河之舟机电有限公司 在人造石材内布线条纹理的方法及其设备
CN104626338B (zh) * 2015-02-11 2016-08-24 江苏天鹏机电制造有限公司 一种辊压彩瓦成型设备
ITUA20164307A1 (it) * 2016-06-13 2017-12-13 Sacmi Macchina e metodo per la compattazione di polvere ceramica
IT201700026199A1 (it) * 2017-03-09 2018-09-09 Sacmi Impianto e metodo per la realizzazione di articoli ceramici
ES2685848B2 (es) * 2017-10-23 2019-02-19 Vidmar Rm 2000 S L Maquina de fabricacion de tejas o paneles de diferentes formas
IT201800003939A1 (it) * 2018-03-26 2019-09-26 System Ceramics S P A Metodo per la pressatura di lastre ceramiche
IT201900011025A1 (it) * 2019-07-05 2021-01-05 Sacmi Metodo ed apparato per la realizzazione di prodotti ceramici
CN112046025B (zh) * 2020-07-23 2021-08-10 科达制造股份有限公司 一种人造石薄板布料系统及布料方法
IT202000019795A1 (it) * 2020-08-07 2022-02-07 Siti B & T Group Spa Attrezzatura e procedimento per la realizzazione di lastre in materiale ceramico e/o lapideo e/o in graniglie minerali legate con resine

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1269274B (it) * 1994-11-22 1997-03-26 Carlo Antonio Camorani Metodo per la formatura di piastrelle ceramiche ed impianto relativo
CN2249160Y (zh) * 1996-06-03 1997-03-12 北京市混凝土制品一厂 增强石膏复合保温板成型装置
IT1292745B1 (it) * 1997-06-10 1999-02-11 Alberto Franceschini Procedimento ed impianto per la formatura di piastrelle ceramiche e simili.
CN2403559Y (zh) * 1999-12-14 2000-11-01 王忠财 一种制瓦机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITRE20030015A0 (it) 2003-02-17
ITRE20030015A1 (it) 2004-08-18
ATE330762T1 (de) 2006-07-15
RU2005124702A (ru) 2006-06-10
RU2354550C2 (ru) 2009-05-10
WO2004071733A1 (fr) 2004-08-26
CN1747819A (zh) 2006-03-15
PT1594666E (pt) 2006-11-30
CN100493875C (zh) 2009-06-03
ES2267045T3 (es) 2007-03-01
DE602004001338D1 (de) 2006-08-03
EP1594666A1 (fr) 2005-11-16

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