EP1256428A2 - Procédé pour le remplissage des moules d'une presse utilisée dans la fabrication de carreaux en céramique, moyens de mise en oeuvre correspondants et carreaux ainsi fabriqués - Google Patents

Procédé pour le remplissage des moules d'une presse utilisée dans la fabrication de carreaux en céramique, moyens de mise en oeuvre correspondants et carreaux ainsi fabriqués Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1256428A2
EP1256428A2 EP02075984A EP02075984A EP1256428A2 EP 1256428 A2 EP1256428 A2 EP 1256428A2 EP 02075984 A EP02075984 A EP 02075984A EP 02075984 A EP02075984 A EP 02075984A EP 1256428 A2 EP1256428 A2 EP 1256428A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
plant
enclosure
powder
mould
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02075984A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1256428A3 (fr
Inventor
Daniele Lamberti
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1256428A2 publication Critical patent/EP1256428A2/fr
Publication of EP1256428A3 publication Critical patent/EP1256428A3/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B28B13/0205—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles supplied to the moulding device in form of a coherent mass of material, e.g. a lump or an already partially preshaped tablet, pastil or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/04—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers
    • B28B11/044—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers with glaze or engobe or enamel or varnish
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
    • B28B13/022—Feeding several successive layers, optionally of different materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/021—Ram heads of special form

Definitions

  • This invention generally concerns the manufacture of ceramic tiles, and more particularly relates to a method for loading the materials in powder form into the relative forming moulds.
  • the invention also relates to the means for implementing the said method, and the products obtained thereby.
  • both the material, typically powdered clay, for forming the tile body, and the material, typically powdered glaze, for creating the desired tile surface decoration, are loaded into the forming cavity.
  • the said two materials are compacted together within the mould cavity, and the crude tile obtained in this manner is fed to firing.
  • the moulding cavity is subjected to two separate loading operations, one for the base material and the other for the decoration or finishing material.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a method by which tiles can be obtained having a surface decoration with well defined or precise contours, comparable with those obtainable for example by the said double loading method.
  • a further object is to provide a method by which the tile decoration can be easily and quickly varied as required, even during production.
  • Another object is to provide means for implementing the said method within the context of a simple, rational, reliable and durable construction. Said objects are attained by virtue of the characterising elements indicated in the claims.
  • a surface decorated layer of powder required to obtain the pressure-glazed tile is prepared separately, i.e. outside the mould, said surface decorated layer then being inserted into the respective mould forming cavity without appreciable dislocation and mixing between the decorative material and the underlying material.
  • Said surface decorated layer is prepared by means of a movable enclosure, described in detail hereinafter, the plan shape and depth of which are practically equal to the plan shape and height of said surface decorated layer, and is provided with means for maintaining the surface decorated layer consistent during its transfer from its preparation station to the forming cavity.
  • the ceramic press can operate substantially at the maximum rate allowable by the production underway, in that the surface decorated powder layer is prepared separately as stated, outside the mould.
  • Figure 1 is a partly sectional schematic side elevation showing the means of the invention associated with a ceramic press during the preparation of the mass of powder material intended to form the tile body.
  • Figure 2 is a view totally similar to the preceding, but showing the means of the invention during the decoration of said mass.
  • FIGs 3 to 8 are views totally similar to the preceding, but showing certain characteristic stages of the loading cycle following the two shown in Figures 1 and 2.
  • Figure 9 is the section IX-IX of Figure 8.
  • FIGS. 1-8 show a usual ceramic press, indicated overall by 1, lying between a structure 44 for supporting the powder loading system, and a conveyor 22 for removing the decorated crude tiles 33 (see Figures 1-8).
  • the press 1 is equipped with a usual ceramic mould, indicated overall by the reference numeral 10, basically comprising a die plate 2 having a single forming cavity 3, a lower die 4 slidingly contained within said forming cavity 3, and an upper die 5 carried by the movable crosspiece of the press 1.
  • the press 1 can have any number of forming cavities 3.
  • the die plate 4 is positioned on the bed of the press 1 via known means for adjusting its level.
  • the structure 44 carries two longitudinal opposing flat bars 6 (see Figures 4 to 9) provided with guide and slide tracks 60 for a main or service carriage indicated by 66.
  • the carriage 66 is driven to slide forwards and rearwards in synchronism with the operative stages of the press, between a withdrawn position in which it lies outside the mould 10 ( Figures 1-3) and an advanced position in which it lies above it ( Figures 4-9).
  • the to-and-fro movement of the carriage 66 is obtained by means, not shown as they are of known type, for example in the form of a connecting rod-crank linkage or a linear actuator such as a cylinder-piston unit. Between the sidepieces of the carriage 66 there is a movable assembly which represents the actual loading unit of the system.
  • said movable assembly comprises, proceeding from the top downwards, a slider 7, a punch 8, a holed plate 9, and a thin sheet 11.
  • the slider 7 consists of a robust metal plate supported by the sidepieces of the carriage 66 via the guide and slide means indicated by 77, and is connected to the structure of the carriage 66 via a drive unit, not shown for questions of simplicity and clarity.
  • Said drive unit can for example consist of a linear actuator, or a pair of opposing motorized chains able to translate in the two opposing directions.
  • a pneumatic cylinder-piston unit 88 of vertical axis the piston rod of which supports the said punch 8, which has a plan shape identical to that of the forming cavity 3 of the mould 10.
  • the lower active face of the punch 8 is preferably shaped as the upper die 5 of the mould 10.
  • the plate 9 is supported by the sidepieces of the carriage 66 via the guide and slide means indicated by 99, and is connected to the structure of the carriage 66 via a suitable drive unit, such as a linear actuator.
  • said plate 9 there is provided an opening 13, the plan dimensions of which are equal to those of the punch 8, and hence also to those of the forming cavity 3.
  • the plate 9 has a thickness practically equal to that which a layer of powder must have to obtain the desired thickness of the tile 33.
  • a typical tile thickness is of the order of 10 mm
  • a typical relationship between clay in powder form and compacted clay is of the order of 2:1
  • said plate 9 has a thickness of the order of 20 mm.
  • the underlying sheet 11, which acts as the base shutter for said opening 13, is carried by the sidepieces of the carriage 66 or alternatively by the upper operating floor of the structure 44, via the guide and slide means indicated by 12 in Figure 9.
  • the sheet 11 is of small thickness, of the order of one millimetre, and is contained practically as an exact fit between the plate 9 and the structure 44. In other words, the lower face of the sheet 11 lies practically in the plane defined by the upper face of the die plate 2. In the figures said dimension and said arrangement are different from reality for reasons of clarity.
  • a suitable drive unit such as a linear actuator, typically a pneumatic cylinder-piston unit.
  • a system for supplying at least two different ceramic materials in powder form is associated with the aforedescribed loading means.
  • Said supply system comprises a hopper 54 presenting a horizontal discharge mouth of narrow elongate shape positioned transversely to the direction of travel of the carriage 66, and intercepted by a shutter 154, for example in the form of a rotary valve.
  • Said hopper 54 is carried by a cylinder-piston unit 53, which is positioned close to the press 1 and also supports a scraper 56 situated on that side of the hopper 54 which faces the rear end of the structure 44.
  • a material in powder form 52 is fed into the hopper 54 through at least one hose 57.
  • Said material 52 can comprise a single type of powder or a mixture of powders of different characteristics, typically different colours.
  • this can be either a usual base clay if tiles 33 are to be obtained having their exposed surface completely covered with a decoration, or high quality clay, such as that for fine porcellainized stone tiles, if the decoration is only partial.
  • the two or more mixed powders for example intimately mixed together to obtain a final dotted appearance, usually known as "salt and pepper", are both of high quality type, the decoration involving only a part of the exposed face of the tile 33.
  • Two or more feed hoses 57 are preferably provided, connected to respective sources of clay, they being activated and deactivated by a programmable electronic unit connected to the general control system of the press 1.
  • a number of vertically movable adjacent hoppers of the same type as the described hopper 54 could be provided.
  • a decorating unit comprising a delivery spout 55, also known as a dispenser, which is carried by a robot 50.
  • the dispenser 55 is connected to a source of ceramic glaze in powder form 51 by means not shown. Preferably upstream of the dispenser 55 there is a switching unit for connecting said dispenser 55 to different glaze supply sources.
  • said robot can present two or more dispensers 55 connected to different sources of glaze, and arranged to operate either together or not together, under the control of a suitable programmable electronic unit connected to the general control system of the press 1.
  • said robot 50 is of anthropomorphous type, i.e. it presents a number of degrees of freedom of movement such as to reproduce that of a human hand.
  • said robot 50 can surface-decorate the layer of clay 52 even when is in movement, as described hereinafter.
  • the layer of powder 52 smoothed by the scraper 56, reaches the rear end of the carriage 66 (see Figure 2) where it stops, and the robot 50 applies the decoration 51.
  • said decoration 51 can involve all or only part of the upper face of the layer 52.
  • the punch 8 is then lowered into the opening 13 where it maintains the layer 52-51 elastically pressed against the sheet 11 ( Figure 3), then the slider 7 and plate 9 slide towards the front end of the carriage 66, after which this latter receives the enabling signal to advance.
  • the decorated layer 52-51 is maintained compacted by the punch 8, and is hence insensitive to the acceleration to which it is subjected, i.e. the clay 52 (or clays) and glaze 51 (or glazes) do not undergo mutual slippage or mixing.
  • the decorated layer 52-51 is maintained substantially consistent by the punch 8, i.e. practically free from any inconvenient slippage, dislocation or mixing between the clay 52 and the glaze 51.
  • the punch 8 is then raised above the plate 9 ( Figure 7); the slider 7 slides towards the rear region of the carriage 66 ( Figure 8); the plate 9 becomes superposed on the sheet 11 which at that moment is stationary; the plate 9 and sheet 11 withdraw together; and the hopper 54 and scraper 56 receive the enabling signal to move downwards, by which the entire assembly becomes repositioned as in Figure 1, and a new loading cycle commences, simultaneously with which the layer 52-51 just deposited in the cavity 3 is pressed ( Figure 1).
  • the decoration of the base powder 52 by means of the dispenser spout 55 can be effected immediately downstream of the hopper 54, as is apparent from Figure 1, this enabling the preparation of the surface-decorated layer to be accelerated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
EP02075984A 2001-04-27 2002-03-13 Procédé pour le remplissage des moules d'une presse utilisée dans la fabrication de carreaux en céramique, moyens de mise en oeuvre correspondants et carreaux ainsi fabriqués Withdrawn EP1256428A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT2001RE000044A ITRE20010044A1 (it) 2001-04-27 2001-04-27 Metodo per il caricamento degli stampi ceramici di formatura delle piastrelle, impianto per la sua attuazione, e piastrelle ottenute con det
ITRE010044 2001-04-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1256428A2 true EP1256428A2 (fr) 2002-11-13
EP1256428A3 EP1256428A3 (fr) 2004-01-02

Family

ID=11454102

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EP02075984A Withdrawn EP1256428A3 (fr) 2001-04-27 2002-03-13 Procédé pour le remplissage des moules d'une presse utilisée dans la fabrication de carreaux en céramique, moyens de mise en oeuvre correspondants et carreaux ainsi fabriqués

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1256428A3 (fr)
BR (1) BR0201417A (fr)
IT (1) ITRE20010044A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012159770A1 (fr) * 2011-05-25 2012-11-29 Werner Sobek Dispositif et procédé de fabrication d'éléments présentant au moins une modification de propriété continue
CN106182394A (zh) * 2016-08-26 2016-12-07 江苏隆鑫水泥构件有限公司 一种半自动水泥模块制作机械
CN110524705A (zh) * 2018-10-30 2019-12-03 广东博晖机电有限公司 一种陶瓷粉料布料设备

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2244449A1 (de) * 1972-09-11 1974-04-25 Helmut Fache Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von keramischen platten
DE2521602A1 (de) * 1975-05-15 1976-12-02 Villeroy & Boch Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen keramischer platten mit dekor
EP0860256A1 (fr) * 1997-02-21 1998-08-26 SACMI COOPERATIVA MECCANICI IMOLA S.c.r.l. Procédé pour transférer de la poudre céramique d'une zone de prélèvement à une zone d'utilisation
EP0909621A1 (fr) * 1997-10-16 1999-04-21 Catia Corti Méthode pour l'obtention et la décoration d'ébauches non cuites de carreaux en céramique avant le pressage et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2244449A1 (de) * 1972-09-11 1974-04-25 Helmut Fache Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von keramischen platten
DE2521602A1 (de) * 1975-05-15 1976-12-02 Villeroy & Boch Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen keramischer platten mit dekor
EP0860256A1 (fr) * 1997-02-21 1998-08-26 SACMI COOPERATIVA MECCANICI IMOLA S.c.r.l. Procédé pour transférer de la poudre céramique d'une zone de prélèvement à une zone d'utilisation
EP0909621A1 (fr) * 1997-10-16 1999-04-21 Catia Corti Méthode pour l'obtention et la décoration d'ébauches non cuites de carreaux en céramique avant le pressage et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012159770A1 (fr) * 2011-05-25 2012-11-29 Werner Sobek Dispositif et procédé de fabrication d'éléments présentant au moins une modification de propriété continue
CN106182394A (zh) * 2016-08-26 2016-12-07 江苏隆鑫水泥构件有限公司 一种半自动水泥模块制作机械
CN110524705A (zh) * 2018-10-30 2019-12-03 广东博晖机电有限公司 一种陶瓷粉料布料设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR0201417A (pt) 2003-02-25
EP1256428A3 (fr) 2004-01-02
ITRE20010044A1 (it) 2002-10-27
ITRE20010044A0 (it) 2001-04-27

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