EP0569070B1 - Moule pour la fabrication d'éléments en céramiques, en particulier de carreaux pressés émaillés et moyens d'alimentation de ce moule - Google Patents

Moule pour la fabrication d'éléments en céramiques, en particulier de carreaux pressés émaillés et moyens d'alimentation de ce moule Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0569070B1
EP0569070B1 EP93201036A EP93201036A EP0569070B1 EP 0569070 B1 EP0569070 B1 EP 0569070B1 EP 93201036 A EP93201036 A EP 93201036A EP 93201036 A EP93201036 A EP 93201036A EP 0569070 B1 EP0569070 B1 EP 0569070B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
die
plate
mold apparatus
upper die
ceramic
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EP93201036A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0569070A1 (fr
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Lodovico Bardelli
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Mass SpA
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Mass SpA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
    • B28B13/022—Feeding several successive layers, optionally of different materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/021—Ram heads of special form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/02—Dies; Inserts therefor; Mounting thereof; Moulds
    • B30B15/022—Moulds for compacting material in powder, granular of pasta form

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to a ceramic mold for tile formation, and in particular to a ceramic mold of the movable die-plate type, and to the relative loading means.
  • molds comprising an upper plate provided lowerly with at least one pressing die, an intermediate plate or die-plate with a corresponding through forming cavity into which at least one material to be compacted, such as atomized clay, is loaded, and a lower plate provided upperly with a pressing die which defines the base of said cavity.
  • the upper plate is supported by the vertically movable cross-member of the press which supports and operates the mold, the die-plate is positioned on the press base and the lower plate moves vertically to allow said at least one material to be loaded into the cavity, to allow the plate itself to rest on the press base at each individual "pressing", and to allow the tile to be extracted from said cavity.
  • the die-plate In certain types of mold the die-plate is stationary in height relative to the press base, whereas in other types of mold, to which the present invention relates in particular, the die-plate is mounted on yieldable supports (such as springs or hydraulic dampers), so that during pressing it is pushed downwards by the upper plate.
  • yieldable supports such as springs or hydraulic dampers
  • molds of moving die-plate type have their forming dies for the tile laying face and exposed fixed to the upper and lower mold plates respectively, whereas other molds of moving die-plate type have their forming dies for said laying and exposed faces arranged in the reverse manner.
  • the invention relates particularly to this latter type of moving die-plate mold, in which the forming dies for the tile exposed face, which as stated are associated with the upper plate, have their active (lower) surface formed either of a particularly hard material such as metal, or of a relatively soft material such as vulcanized rubber.
  • the aforesaid known molds can be used to produce products of various types, for example:
  • a method for forming uniformly compacted ceramic tiles is shown in the document EP-A-0400704 (of the same Inventor).
  • the method therein described comprises forming a test tile measuring the hardness or compactness of said test tile at a large number of points on its surface, locally varying the thickness of the punch for forming the reverse face of the tile in those regions of the punch corresponding to those, tile hardness values which most differ from the mean value of the largest number of measurements of approximately equal value.
  • Said three operations, namely forming, measuring and varying are then repeated until a substantially uniformly compacted tile is obtained, after which other tiles are continuously moulded until the pressing conditions change.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a ceramic mold and relative loading means which overcome the initially stated problems and satisfy the latter requirements.
  • each upper die is provided with a plurality of small incisions or slits which are connected by at least one rear channel system to at least one suction unit which puts said slits under vacuum when the upper die is raised and breaks the vacuum in the slits when said die is lowered, so that when in said raised position the die is at least partly covered with at least one pulverulent material drawn from a corresponding service loader, whereas when in said lowered position the said die releases said at least one material.
  • a part of the mold can be loaded (with atomized clay) from the bottom, ie above the lower die, and the remaining part can be loaded from the top, ie below the upper die. It should be noted that said incisions or slits have a width less than the particle size of the powder materials being worked.
  • a mold according to the invention can be used to produce pressure-glazed tiles with aesthetic features never before achieved, in that this double loading totally eliminates the contamination of the powdered ceramic glaze with clay, as happens in the initially described known art.
  • a mold according to the invention can produce new types of product, such as support tiles already provided with a decorative motif on termination of pressing, decorated pressure-glazed tiles, and further products as will be apparent hereinafter.
  • different groups of said plurality of slits can be subjected at different times to the same or different vacuum to form groups of lines of differently coloured glazes.
  • decorated support tiles are obtained after pressing which can either be used as such after firing or be glazed with transparent vitreous material, and other products can also be obtained such as decorated fine porcelainized ceramic stone.
  • a fine porcelainized ceramic stone tile can be decorated during its molding by allowing a sort of transfer in the form of a thin sheet of thermolabile material (such as paper) carrying the desired ceramic glaze figure or pattern to adhere to the upper die by vacuum.
  • thermolabile material such as paper
  • the application of said sort of transfer can be combined with the application of the powdered glaze, and likewise it is possible, on loading the mold, to associate with the upper die at least one insert (of clay or glaze) prepared separately and being sufficiently compacted to ensure its integrity during loading, this compaction being less than that after pressing.
  • the complete loading of the mold is achieved via only its upper part, ie below the upper die, this enabling both flat products such as the aforestated to be obtained, as well as ceramic products of particular shape such as right angled pieces or pieces in the form of a sector of a cylindrical surface.
  • FIGSaid figures, and in particular Figure 1 show a platform 1 positioned on the bed 2 of a usual ceramic press (not shown).
  • the mold lower plate 3 provided upperly with a series of blocks 4 which carry fixed to their upper surface corresponding lower dies 5 for molding the laying face of the tiles (not shown).
  • Said lower plate 3, blocks 4 and dies 5 can be locked together by any known system, and the active surface of the dies 5 can be of metal or rubber.
  • a perimetral dust-protection bellows 6 is positioned between the platform 1 and the lower plate 3, said plate 3 being supported height-adjustable by a perimetral series of support devices 7, for example four in number, of which only one is visible in Figure 1.
  • the dies 5 are inserted from below into the forming cavities 8 of the ceramic mold intermediate plate or die-plate 30 which is supported by a perimetral series of dampers 9, for example of hydraulic type and four in number, of which only one is visible in Figure 1.
  • a counter die-plate 33 beyond which there is the upper plate 300 of the ceramic mold.
  • Said counter die-plate 33 is fixed to the vertically mobile cross-member of the ceramic press by a series of vertical cylindrical bars 12, the counter die-plate being provided with a series of cavities 80 aligned with those 8 of the die-plate 30.
  • each cavity 80 is defined by a perimetral series of strips 81 fixed below the counter die-plate 33, and intended to rest (during the lowering of the cross-member 11) against the corresponding strips 82 defining the underlying cavity 8 of the die-plate 30.
  • mold upper plate 300 As shown in Figure 1 it is slidingly mounted on said vertical cylindrical bars 12 and is supported by the cross-member 11 in the following manner.
  • the cross-member is provided for this purpose with a perimetral series of cylindrical recesses, for example four in number, with their mouth facing downwards, in each of them there being inserted, and suitable locked, a cup-shaped body 110 with a holed base.
  • the piston 111 lies between an upper chamber 13 and a lower chamber 130, of which the chamber 13 is connected via a duct 14, and by way of convenient timed valve means (not shown), to a pressurized hydraulic liquid source, such as the hydraulic circuit of the press.
  • the lower chamber 130 is directly connected via a respective duct 131 to the base of a pressurized hydraulic vessel (not shown) in which the pressure is maintained by an atmosphere of inert gas.
  • a pressurized hydraulic vessel not shown
  • devices can be provided conforming to the said Patent Application No. RE 92 A 000009.
  • the plate 300 can be directly fixed to the cross-member 11, and said pistons 111 or devices can be interposed between the plate 300 and the counter die-plate 33.
  • the die 15 is fixed to an overlying plate 16, this being fixed to a block 17 which is fixed to the upper plate of the mold.
  • connection between said plate 16 and block 17 is made by electromagnetic means 18 arranged to provide automatic centering between the die 15 and cavity 80 if as normally happens some small mutual horizontal slippage occurs between the mutually acting members.
  • said block 17, plate 16 and die 15 are traversed by a system of channels which at one end open into the active (lower) face of the die 15, and at their other end are connected to a suction unit.
  • This latter comprises a vessel 19 with which a vacuum pump 20 is associated, and from which there extends a pipe 21 in which a solenoid valve 22 and a filter 23 are connected.
  • the pipe 21 is connected to a series of ducts 24 which traverse both the block 17 and the plate 16, between the facing surfaces of this latter and the die 15 there being provided grooves 25 the purpose of which is stated hereinafter.
  • Said grooves 25 communicate with the active face of the die 15 as described hereinafter with reference to Figures 1 to 10 in the case of a completely metal die 15, and with reference to Figures 11 and 12 in the case of a rubber lined die 15.
  • the die 15 consists of a plurality of mutually adjacent coplanar blocks 150 contained within an enclosing perimetral frame 151.
  • the blocks 150 are fixed to the plate 16 at 27, the frame 151 being fixed to the blocks 150 at 28.
  • each block 150 there is a series of vertical ribs 152, of two in number in the illustrated example, alternating with a series of sunken portions 153.
  • the blocks 150 are square in shape, but they can be of any plan configuration, for the reasons given hereinafter. Again, two or more portions of said network of slots 155 can be connected together by small surface grooves formed in one or more blocks 150, as indicated schematically in Figure 2 by 225 (with dashed and dotted lines).
  • this latter dimension is strictly related to the characteristics, in particular the particle size, of the materials used for forming ceramic objects such as pressure-glazed ties.
  • the die 15 comprises a plate 16 fixed to the overlying block 17 (see Figure 1), and a perimetrally enclosing frame 151.
  • Said plate 16 has a lower surface network of grooves 25 which on one side communicate with the aforesaid channels 24 and on the other side open into the active surface of the die 15.
  • Said sheets 159 and 160 and said layer 161 have for example a thickness of 2.0, 1.0 and 0.7 mm respectively.
  • said cuts 162 are inclined transversely to the horizontal, as can be seen in Figure 12.
  • the width of the outer (lower) mouth of said cuts 162 is between 0.04 and 0.4 mm, this dimension being selected on the basis of the materials being worked as stated heretofore, and for the reasons given hereinafter.
  • the purpose of the transverse inclination of the cuts 162, in combination with said flared shape and transverse dimension, is to prevent the cuts 162 becoming clogged. Again, for certain types of ceramic material said cuts will have the same shape and extension as the rear grooves 25, whereas for other types of material they will have a particular determined configuration, such as that indicated by 157 in Figure 11 (by dashed and dotted lines).
  • a loading device is also provided, not shown in the figures, arranged to travel relative to the mold such as to occupy a first position to the side of the mold (to the right with reference to Figure 1), and a second position between the die-plate 30 and the counter die-plate 33.
  • Said device can be a trolley similar to, but separate from, the trolley 100 of Figure 1, and provided with at least one loader to feed the die 15 with at least one material, such as powdered ceramic glaze as described hereinafter.
  • said loader is associated with the trolley 100 for loading clay into the forming cavity.
  • said trolley 100 comprises a clay (or other material) loader 101 of the type comprising horizontal slats positioned transversely to the trolley travel direction (from left to right and vice versa with reference to Figure 1).
  • a blade 102 for levelling the clay deposited into the cavity 8
  • a pusher 103 for removing the formed tiles.
  • the loader consists of a relatively narrow upperly open container with a flat horizontal base 104, a lateral surface defined by a bellows 105, and an annular upper frame 106 the front and rear edges of which are conveniently bevelled.
  • Said frame 106 is supported by the trolley 100 by way of two cam devices 107, of which only one is shown in the figure, said base 104 being connected to the frame 106 by at least one cylinder-piston unit 108.
  • the invention operates as follows.
  • the active face of the die 5 is moved to the level of the upper face of the die-plate 30 (raised), where it supports the tile, the cross-member 11 is raised as in Figure 1, and the upper die 15 is in the position shown therein.
  • the trolley 100 is made to advance, by which the pusher 103 removes the tile which has just been formed, then the die 5 is lowered into the loading position, by which the mold assumes the configuration shown in Figure 13.
  • the cams 107 are enabled, for example by an electromagnetic proximity switch or the like, to raise the frame 106 substantially to the level of the mouth of said cavity 80.
  • the cylinder-piston unit 108 raises the base 104 and hence also the overlying layer of powdered glaze, the cylinder-piston unit 108 (or the like) then halting under the control of the probe 109.
  • the solenoid valve 22 opens and the vacuum present in the vessel 19, for example of the order of - 0.6 bar, propagates as far as the incisions 155 (see Figure 2) or the cuts 162 (see Figure 12).
  • a convenient hopper now refills the container with the glaze (or other material). It will be apparent that the upper die 15 can be covered (by suction) during the return travel of the trolley 100.
  • the loader 101 operates first, seeing that the previously formed tile has to be removed, after which the glaze (or other material) loader operates.
  • the double loading effected by the invention has the further advantage of not requiring intermediate lowering of the lower die 5, as is necessary in the initially described prior art in order to be able to deposit the glaze on the clay previously loaded into the cavity 8.
  • the upper part of the mold with the exception of the dies formed in accordance with the invention, can be of usual type, ie having both the upper plate 300 and the counter die-plate 33 stably fixed to the cross-member 11.
  • the facility for moving the dies 15 (or counter die-plate 33) relative to the cross-member 11 on the one hand ensures expulsion of the tiles from the cavity 80, and on the other hand enables the thickness of the glaze (or other material) deposited on pressure-glazed tiles (or multi-component tiles) to be controlled as desired.
  • decorated pressure-glazed tiles can be obtained with the mold of the invention.
  • the channel system associated with the die 15 is divided into two parts, for example the two parts indicated by 25, 24 and by 250, 240 in Figure 1, of which the first 25, 24 is connected to the vessel 19 as stated, while the second 250, 240 is connected to another vessel (not shown).
  • a vacuum of - 0.7 bar is maintained in the first vessel 19 and a vacuum of - 0.2 bar in the second vessel.
  • the channels 240, 250 are put under vacuum so that at the respective incisions 155 or 162 small lines of glaze 66 are created (see Figure 14), to be then covered with the glaze 55 ( Figure 15) by the effect of the vacuum in the channels 24, 25.
  • the fact that in the case of the incisions 155 or 162 associated with the channels 240, 250 the amount of covering is limited to the incisions alone is because these have a lower suction capacity than the channels 24, 25.
  • said two vacuums can be adjusted as required, for example on the basis of the average particle size of the glazes 55 and 66, and the respective two suction stages can be assisted by suitably selecting the position of the die 15 relative to the cavity 80.
  • Multi-colour decorations can be obtained if two or more glaze containers such as 66 are associated with the trolley 100, and if the network of incisions 155 or 162 is divided into the corresponding number of parts, each connected to its own suction vessel such as 19.
  • the decoration to be added to the pressure-glazed tile can be defined either by suitable surface shaping of the blocks 150, or by connecting two or more incisions 155 to small surface grooves 255, or by interrupting said grooves 25 in regions such as 158.
  • decorated tiles of biscuit type can be produced by applying to them small portions of glaze (such as 66, Figure 14) of one or more colours, without covering the die 15 with the glaze 55 ( Figure 15).
  • glaze such as 66, Figure 14
  • biscuit-type tiles After firing, such biscuit-type tiles can either be used as such or glazed with transparent glazes.
  • Decorated tiles of high quality such as fine porcelainized ceramic stone tiles can be decorated in the same manner.
  • the decoration of said biscuit and quality tiles can be achieved by laying a sort of transfer on the atomized clay 44 (see Figure 15).
  • said sort of transfer is in the form of a thin sheet of thermolabile or heat-dispersing material (such as paper) carrying the desired pattern in single or multi-colour ceramic glaze.
  • said sort of transfer is placed within a suitable tray positioned either in front of the clay loader 101 or on an opposite trolley to the trolley 100 ( Figure 1).
  • the tray can be stationary in height or vertically movable as required.
  • the dimensions of the transfer or rather of its support sheet can be the same as or less than the dimensions of the cavity 80, and the support sheet can be either solid or finely perforated.
  • decorated pressure-glazed tiles can be obtained.
  • the die 15 firstly sucks the transfer from the underlying tray (while in transit or temporarily at rest), and then sucks the glaze, such as 55 ( Figure 15), which covers the whole, part or none of the transfer, as will be apparent from the aforegoing.
  • tiles can also be obtained provided with inserts of various sizes, shapes and colours, these being securely bonded to the surrounding base material (atomized clay, etc).
  • Said inserts are of ceramic glaze, clay mixed with glaze, or another similar mixture, and are prepared separately by compacting them to an extent which ensures that they can be handled, but which is less than their extent of compacting after pressing.
  • a vertically slidable horizontal table is provided on the trolley 100 or on a trolley separate from and opposite this latter.
  • the loading of at least one insert below the upper die 15 can be combined with the loading of glaze, such as 55 or 66, or with the loading of a transfer of dimensions less or not less than the dimensions of the cavity 80, or with both.
  • a multi-component tile such as a so-called “grained” tile can be provided with an insert in a material different from the surrounding material, or in a material substantially equal to the surrounding material but of a different colour.
  • a ceramic product of this type is suitable for use in its crude state after firing, or it can be smoothed to better emphasize the incorporation of said insert.
  • this facility for completely loading the mold immediately below the upper die 15 makes it possible, very advantageously, to obtain unusual ceramic products not obtainable with the usual molds in which the cavity 8 is loaded from above.
  • ceramic products can be manufactured, including of pressure-glazed type and possibly already decorated on pressing, having a shape different from the flat shape of usual ceramic tiles.
  • ceramic products 900 (see Figure 17) of constant thickness with undulations can be obtained, as can right-angled ceramic elements 901 (see Figure 18) or those in the form of a sector of a cylindrical surface 902 subtending an angle of 90° (see Figure 19), or ceramic bodies with a right "omega" section 903 (see Figure 20), of which for example the first 900 can be used for floors (especially external paving) and facings, the second 901 and the third 902 to cover edges and corners of rooms and the corners of columns, and the fourth 903 for forming for example ducting for collecting and removing liquids in general.
  • the generators for the active shaped parts of these latter mold members must lie parallel to the outward and return travel of the trolley for feeding the upper die 15 with at least one material, typically atomized clay.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)

Claims (21)

  1. Une machine pour former des éléments en céramique, précisément des dalles, qui comprend un plateau supérieur (300) placé au-dessous de la traverse, verticalement mobile, d'une presse pour des produits en céramique et équipée en bas au moins d'un poinçon (15) pour presser la face exposée des dalles, d'un plateau intermédiaire (30) ou d'un plateau porte-moule avec au moins une cavité de moule (8) et installé sur des dispositifs amortisateurs (9), et d'une matrice (3) qui peut glisser verticalement et qui est équippée en haut au moins d'un poinçon (5) pour presser la face d'appui des dalles, la machine est caractérisée par une surface active du poinçon susdit (au moins un poinçon) où se trouvent plusieures incisions petites ou fentes (155; 162) qui sont jointes, par au moins un système de conduits postérieur (25; 24), à au moins une unité d'aspiration (19; 20) qui crée du vide dans lesdites incisions, au moment où le poinçon (15) est soulevé de façon à être couvert partiellement du matériel pulvérulent pris d'un chariot de service corréspondant (au moins un chariot), et qui par suite interrompe le vide dans les incisions au moment où le poinçon (15) est abaissé en relâchant en même temps au moins le matériel pulvérulent susdit.
  2. Une machine pour former des éléments en céramique selon la revendication 1 caractérisée par une largeur des incisions et des fentes (155; 162) susdites qui est plus petite par rapport à la grandeur des particles du matériel pulvérulent utilisé pour former des dalles.
  3. Une machine pour former des éléments en céramique selon les revendications précedentes où la surface active du poinçon susdit (au moins un poinçon 15) se compose d'un matériel particulièrement dur, comme du métal, caractérisée par des incisions nombreuses (155) qui se forment en fixant plusieurs blocs en métal (150), côte à côte, sur un plateau postérieur (16) et en les entourant par un encadrement (151); chaque côté de chaque bloc a de petites nervures (152) qui ont l'effet des pièces d'écartement et entre lesquelles se trouvent des sections plus profondes (153) qui, d'un bout, communiquent avec le système de conduits susdit (25; 24) et qui, d'autre bout, s'ouvrent vers les incisions susdites (155), comme des creux formés le long du bord périphèrique de la face active de chaque bloc (150).
  4. Une machine pour former des éléments en céramique selon les revendications précedentes, caractérisée par des incisions nombreuses (155) qui, au moins partiellement, sont liées entre elles par plusieures railures superficielles (255) qui se trouvent sur les blocs correspondants.
  5. Une machine pour former des éléments en céramique selon la revendication 1 où la surface active du noyau susdit (au minimum un noyau, 15) est formée par un matériel relativement mou, comme du caoutchouc vulcanisé, caractérisé par un grand nombre d'incisions formées par plusieures coupes (162), (157) qui pénètrent complètement la couche de caoutchouc qui serre une plaque postérieure en matériel de tissu poreux, encollée sur une plaque postérieure, métallique et perforée, (159) qui aussi,est fixée sur une plaque postérieure présentant un reseau de railures superficielles (25) qui communiquent avec le système de conduits susdit (25; 24).
  6. Une machine pour former des éléments en céramique selon les revendications 1 et 5, caractérisée par les coupes susdites qui s'inclinent transversalement vers l'horizontale, et dont les paroix divergent vers la surface active du poinçon (15).
  7. Une machine pour former des éléments en céramique selon la revendication 1, caractérisée par l'unité d'aspiration susdite (au minium une unité, 19, 20) qui inclut un réservoir à vide (19) joint, d'un bout, à une pompe à vide (20) et d'autre bout - par des moyens comme des soupapes (22) et des filtres (23) - à un système de conduits (24, 25, au moins un système).
  8. Une machine pour former des éléments en céramique selon les revendications 1 et 7, caractérisée par des moyens pour régler le vide qui sont joints à l'unité d'aspiration susdite (19, 20, au minimum une unité).
  9. Une machine pour former des éléments en céramique selon les revendications 1, 3, 5, 7 et 8, caractérisée par le système de conduits susdit (au minimum un système) composé d'au moins deux sections séparées (24, 25), (240, 250), chaque section jointe à l'unité d'aspiration correspondante.
  10. Une machine pour former des éléments en céramique selon les revendications 5 et 9, caractérisée par des moyens séparateurs (158, 88, 99, 26) se trouvant entre le système de conduits susdit (au minimum un système) et la face inférieure du noyau susdit (au minimum un noyau, 15) et qui sont arrangés de façon à raccorder au moins un système de conduits à des coupes nombreuses correspondantes (162).
  11. Une machine pour former des éléments en céramique selon la revendication 9, caractérisée par au moins deux unités d'aspiration arrangées de façon à créer substantiellement des vides correspondants d'une faible mesure dans au moins deux sections (24, 25) et (240, 250) du système de conduits susdit.
  12. Une machine pour former des éléments en céramique selon la revendication 9, caractérisée par au moins deux unités d'aspiration arrangées de façon à créer des vides relativement différents dans les sections susdites (au moins deux sections) (24, 25) et (240, 250).
  13. Une machine pour former des éléments en céramique selon les revendications précedentes, caractérisée par le poinçon susdit (au minimum un poinçon, 15) placé dans une cavité de moule (80) se trouvant sur un contre-plateau porte-moule (33) supporté par la traverse de la presse (11), l'hauteur du poinçon (15) ou du contre-plateau porte-moule (33) est réglable et la cavité susdite (80) peut contenir tout le matériel (ou les matériaux) nécessaire(s) pour former le produit en céramique, comme des dalles.
  14. Une machine pour former des éléments en céramique selon les revendications précedentes, en particulier selon la revendication 13, spécialement pour former des produits en céramique non-plats comme un élément en céramique (901) d'une coupe orthogonale, qui est caractérisée par le poinçon susdit (au minimum un poinçon, 15), la matrice susdite (au minimum une matrice, 5), la face supérieure du plateau porte-moule (30) et la face inférieure du contre-plateau porte-moule (33), se trouvant dans une diréction horizontale et parallèle par rapport à la course du chargeur de service susdit (au minimum un chargeur) et qui ont la même forme que la coupe du produit en céramique non-plat.
  15. Une machine pour former des éléments en céramique selon les revendications 1 et 14 qu'inclut au moins un container d'alimentation contenant du matériel de finissage, arrangé de façon à se déplacer entre une position de repos, du côté de la moule au-dessous du niveau du (des) poinçon(s) (15) soulevé(s), et une position où il se trouve au-dessous du (des) poinçon(s) (15) susdit(s) et à une petite distance d'ici.
  16. Une machine pour former des éléments en céramique selon la revendication 15, caractérisée par le container susdit (au moins un container) qui se compose d'une chambre ouverte au-dessus pour contenir du matériel pulvérulent, comme du vernis pulvérulent pour des produits en céramique (55; 66), et d'une base horizontale, stable et plate (104), et d'une surface latérale qui se déforme (105) comme un soufflet, la chambre susdite inclut des moyens (108, 109) pour faire soulever la base susdite conformément au niveau de remplissage de cette chambre.
  17. Une machine pour former des éléments en céramique selon la revendication 15, caractérisée par le container susdit (au moins un container) qui se compose d'une sorte de plateau contenant un élément décoratif préformé, comme une sorte de transfert en forme d'une feuille en matériel non-résistant à la chaleur, comme du papier, qui porte un motif décoratif en vernis pour des produits en céramique.
  18. Une machine pour former des éléments en céramique selon la revendication 15, caractérisée par le container susdit (au moins un container) qui se compose d'une table pour porter au moins une insertion ayant une forme plate qui se trouve dans celle du poinçon (15), comme une insertion en argile qui, après le pressage, présente un degré de pressage inférieur par rapport à celui du matériel céramique.
  19. Une machine pour former des éléments en céramique selon la revendication 15, caractérisée par le container susdit (au moins un container) situé sur un chariot (100) pour charger au moins un type de matériel céramique (44) qui est comprimé dans la cavité ou les cavités du plateau porte-moule ou du contre-plateau porte-moule.
  20. Une machine pour former des éléments en céramique selon les revendications 13 et 14 caractérisée par le chargeur susdit (au moins un chargeur) dont la section supérieure et inférieure sont configurées comme les sections correspondantes de la presse pour les éléments en céramique.
  21. Une presse pour former des produits en céramique plats et non plats qui se compose d'une moule selon les revendications 1 et 14 et d'un container d'alimentation selon les revendications 15 et 20.
EP93201036A 1992-05-07 1993-04-08 Moule pour la fabrication d'éléments en céramiques, en particulier de carreaux pressés émaillés et moyens d'alimentation de ce moule Expired - Lifetime EP0569070B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITRE920036 1992-05-07
ITRE920036A IT1257499B (it) 1992-05-07 1992-05-07 Stampo per la formatura di materiali ceramici, tipicamente piastrelle pressosmaltate, e relativi mezzi di carico

Publications (2)

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EP0569070A1 EP0569070A1 (fr) 1993-11-10
EP0569070B1 true EP0569070B1 (fr) 1997-06-11

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EP (1) EP0569070B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE154279T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69311439D1 (fr)
IT (1) IT1257499B (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE270608T1 (de) * 1998-09-28 2004-07-15 Carlo Antonio Camorani Verfahren und vorrichtung zur übertragung von körnigem material
EP1097911A3 (fr) * 1999-11-05 2003-12-10 Lo Scalino S.R.L. Carreaux céramique décorés, dispositif et procédé pour les décorer
ITBO20100385A1 (it) * 2010-06-16 2011-12-17 William Vacondio Punzone per l'impiego in una pressa e per comprimere sostanze polverulenti e/o granulari ad ottenere agglomerati per la successiva formazione di piastrelle ceramiche
CN103586334A (zh) * 2013-09-30 2014-02-19 浙江伟联科技有限公司 金属琉璃瓦的加工装置
CN106671257B (zh) * 2017-03-03 2023-03-07 佛山慧谷科技股份有限公司 一种使用压机模具框组件的压料系统
TR201907415A2 (tr) * 2019-05-16 2019-06-21 Unimak Makina Sanayii Ve Ticaret A S Vi̇tri̇fi̇ye ürünler i̇çi̇n bi̇r basinçli döküm maki̇nesi̇
CN110606770B (zh) * 2019-10-17 2024-05-24 苏州可浩机械科技有限公司 蜂窝陶瓷载体立式自动植皮装置
IT202000021154A1 (it) * 2020-09-07 2022-03-07 Realmeccanica S R L Gruppo di compattazione per la formazione di prodotti ceramici
CN112550410B (zh) * 2020-12-10 2023-03-31 江西省金三角陶瓷有限公司 一种具有高稳定性的新型陶瓷件用多层装载设备

Citations (1)

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EP0400704A2 (fr) * 1989-05-30 1990-12-05 MASS S.p.A. Méthode pour la fabrication de carreaux en céramique compactés de façon uniforme, et moyens pour sa mise en oeuvre

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IT1010613B (it) * 1974-04-04 1977-01-20 Longinotti Spa Dosatore per materiale semi asciut to per la fabbricazione di mat tonelle di cemento a due strati per piastrelle di ceramica ed al tro
AT377587B (de) * 1981-08-26 1985-04-10 Hansa Metallwerke Ag Steuerscheibenventil, insbesondere sanitaerventil
JPH0620734B2 (ja) * 1989-08-19 1994-03-23 株式会社イナックス 象嵌模様タイルの製造方法
IT1239147B (it) * 1990-02-26 1993-09-28 L B Officine Meccaniche Carrello a doppio caricamento per stampi ceramici in genere, tipicamente per la fabbricazione di piastrelle pressosmaltate.

Patent Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0400704A2 (fr) * 1989-05-30 1990-12-05 MASS S.p.A. Méthode pour la fabrication de carreaux en céramique compactés de façon uniforme, et moyens pour sa mise en oeuvre

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69311439D1 (de) 1997-07-17
EP0569070A1 (fr) 1993-11-10
IT1257499B (it) 1996-01-25
ITRE920036A0 (it) 1992-05-07
ITRE920036A1 (it) 1993-11-07
ATE154279T1 (de) 1997-06-15

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