EP1587978B1 - Structure de surface textile, procede de fabrication et utilisation - Google Patents

Structure de surface textile, procede de fabrication et utilisation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1587978B1
EP1587978B1 EP03767830A EP03767830A EP1587978B1 EP 1587978 B1 EP1587978 B1 EP 1587978B1 EP 03767830 A EP03767830 A EP 03767830A EP 03767830 A EP03767830 A EP 03767830A EP 1587978 B1 EP1587978 B1 EP 1587978B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pile
fibre
fabric according
layer
fibres
Prior art date
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EP03767830A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1587978A1 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Schulte
Ulrich Krause
Peter BÖTTCHER
Hilmar Fuchs
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Hansel Verbundtechnik GmbH
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Hansel Verbundtechnik GmbH
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B21/14—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes
    • D04B21/145—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes with stitches drawn from loose fibres, e.g. web-knitted fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H11/00—Non-woven pile fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
    • D10B2403/02—Cross-sectional features
    • D10B2403/024—Fabric incorporating additional compounds
    • D10B2403/0242—Fabric incorporating additional compounds enhancing chemical properties
    • D10B2403/02421—Fabric incorporating additional compounds enhancing chemical properties containing particulate matter, e.g. powder or granulate

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a textile fabric according to the preamble of claim 1, and a method for producing the sheet and its use.
  • Voluminous nonwoven fabrics which have on one or both sides a consolidating fiber mesh layer are, for example, from DE 198 12 499 A1 known.
  • the unilaterally mesh-coated nonwoven fabric has a mesh layer as a base fabric and a plush-like surface formed of protruding fibers.
  • the one-sided mesh-coated nonwoven fabric is produced by the production of a double-meshed, voluminous nonwoven fabric and central separation in a surface plane.
  • the DE 42 39 469 A1 deals with a method for solidifying cross-oriented fiber webs, in which also a single-side mesh-coated, so-called nonwoven knitted fabric is produced.
  • EP 1 149 882 A1 Another technology for producing a meshed bulky nonwoven fabric is known from EP 1 149 882 A1 known.
  • This nonwoven fabric is designed as a textile carrier of an adhesive tape and has a velorized surface produced by a needle method, which is suitable, inter alia, for the function of reducing compressive forces.
  • the velorized surface is formed of a plurality of parallel, arranged substantially perpendicular to the nonwoven web, substantially equal length fiber parts whose foot is anchored in the nonwoven web.
  • the adhesive of the adhesive tape is provided on the velor surface opposite surface of the nonwoven web.
  • Voluminous single-sided or double-sided stitch-bonded nonwovens are also used as pressure elastic upholstery fabrics.
  • the upholstery fabrics are arranged between a coating material, for example consisting of a wool fabric, and a foam core, for example consisting of polyurethane. They should in particular ensure compressive elasticity and be moisture-storing and moisture-permeable ( EP 0 126 798 B1 ).
  • a multilayer bulky laminating fabric to be used as a upholstery fabric in which two stitchbonded nonwoven fabrics are connected by vertical fiber pleats consisting of the fiber parts of the outer fibrous mesh layers and extending to the middle of the respective opposite fibrous layer. This is to be generated by a denser fiber arrangement in the respective fiber layer, a pressure-elastic zone.
  • Known upholstery includes a nonwoven fabric containing a superabsorbent hydrogel as the functional fabric.
  • the hydrophilic hydrogel should absorb large quantities of moisture and steam and on the other hand be easily regenerable, in particular desorbable.
  • the type of nonwoven fabric no statement is made.
  • a cushion of a seat or reclining furniture which has a desorbing moisture reservoir in the form of a hydrophilic layer for reversibly absorbing body moisture.
  • the hydrophilic layer consists inter alia of a nonwoven fabric as a carrier material and a superabsorber grafted onto the nonwoven fabric, wherein the fibers of the nonwoven fabric are at least partially coated by the superabsorber.
  • the superabsorbent is sprayed onto the nonwoven fabric prior to its polymerization or applied by the dip-bath process.
  • no information is given in this document.
  • the superabsorbent When spraying, the superabsorbent penetrates inhomogeneously deep into the nonwoven fabric and is also distributed inhomogeneously on the surface. The result is an extreme surface roughness and unwanted stiffening of the nonwoven fabric. In addition, it is also not possible to apply defined amounts of superabsorber, so that the absorption capacity is not controllable.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a pressure-elastic, in particular as upholstery fabric usable fabric, in particular of a nonwoven, which may contain defined amounts of functional agent in particular homogeneously distributed, wherein defined nonwoven properties such as suppleness and / or flexibility (elastic bending stiffness) and / or softness and / or elasticity can be ensured.
  • the invention relates in particular to pressure-elastic nonwoven fabrics with a three-dimensional fiber arrangement.
  • compressive elasticity is understood to be the property of a voluminous textile fabric to absorb the compressive force by elastic deformations of structural elements in the volume structure of the textile under pressure or pressure on a surface of the textile, and to ensure, during relief, that the deformed structural elements elastic spring back.
  • the pressure-elastic behavior of the textile fabrics is determined by the method known for elastic foams.
  • the textile fabrics according to the invention in particular in the form of a nonwoven fabric, have a fiber pile layer with high compressive elasticity and, in particular, also with further functional utility properties and are used e.g. as a polyurethane foam substitute in vehicle interior trim, in the upholstered furniture industry as well as a pressure-elastic, functional textile material in the clothing, medical and insulation sectors.
  • nonwovens with a three-dimensional fiber arrangement by a structurally determined proportion of fiber parts vertical to diagonal arrangement to nonwoven cross section pressure loads higher resistance than conventional nonwovens with extensive horizontal fiber arrangement in the nonwoven cross section.
  • Such nonwoven fabrics with a three-dimensional arrangement are known in the art as struto, as a laid in longitudinal fold batt, solidified by binding fibers as dilourinstrumente nonwovens with subsequent ejection of vertical fiber parts of the nonwoven cross section through piercing barb needles, as Kunit as a solidified by fiber stitching, longitudinally compressed batt.
  • thermoplastic binder fibers form small bonding surfaces with and between the fiber parts during thermal treatment, as well as the fiber parts projecting vertically to obliquely from the nonwoven fabric cross-section, and thus make it difficult to put it over under pressure loads.
  • these bonding binding points are evenly distributed in the nonwoven fabric and, if the proportion is too high, an excessively large number of such bond points harden and stiffen the nonwoven fabric.
  • such nonwoven fabrics with three-dimensional fiber orientation often do not require the use of such binder fibers, for example, when use or processing temperatures which are above the melting range of the binder fibers occur.
  • a nonwoven fabric with three-dimensional fiber orientation is known, which consists of a non-woven fabric bonded by thread meshes and having on one side a Faserpol harsh formed from vertically to the non-woven fabric cross-section protruding fiber parts, which over the entire surface have a high density, parallelism and uniform height, wherein one or both ends of the fiber parts are mechanically incorporated in the nonwoven cross section.
  • Disadvantage of these nonwovens is in addition to the low compressive elasticity that only a maximum Faserpol ban of 6 mm is achieved and the fiber parts in the Faserpoltik are not connected to each other supporting.
  • the pile fiber surface of a fiber stitched Kunit nonwoven fabric may also be used to form fiber stitches.
  • the resulting multi-knit nonwoven fabric then has two fiber mesh surfaces with certain thickness uniformity, but has between these two fiber mesh layers diagonally oriented fiber parts whose height is too low for good compressive elasticity effects.
  • a one-sided mesh-strengthened, voluminous nonwoven fabric is selected and changed such that during manufacture ensures a predetermined compressive elasticity and possibly also a predetermined amount of functional agent attached to pile fibers or Polumbleschlingen and / or introduced into cavities between the pile fibers.
  • a new structure of the nonwoven fabric is provided in the form of a voluminous, one-side mesh-coated or nonwoven web having pile fibers extending perpendicularly to the surface plane or to the nonwoven fabric cross-section and / or pile fiber loops which are at least three in the plane of the fabric has different structural levels, of which an inner structural layer, for example, forms an indentation barrier for a functional agent and an outer structural layer predetermined Cavities for receiving functional agents and predetermined Polfaserober inhabit for the addition of functional agents provides.
  • the void volume, the void distribution and / or the size of the attachment surfaces of the fibers can be predetermined in the preparation of the new nonwoven fabric, so that the nonwoven fabrics according to the invention are easily adaptable to predetermined requirements.
  • FIGS. 1 to 6 show schematically in cross section the structure of inventive voluminous fabrics.
  • the textile fabric after Fig. 1 consists of a bulky nonwoven fabric 1 and has a three-layered structure. At the bottom is a base layer 2 - the so-called nonwoven fabric cross-section - arranged with substantially aligned in the surface plane fiber parts 3. It contains on the underside the fibrous and / or thread meshes 4 which act in the surface plane and anchor in the base layer 2 anchoring regions 5, 6 of first longer pole fibers 7 and second shorter pole fibers 8 projecting mainly perpendicularly from the base layer 2 , wherein the pile fibers 7 are arranged at a lateral distance from the pile fibers 8.
  • the pile fibers 7 have at least predominantly the same pole tip height H of the pole tips 9, measured from the lower surface 10 of the textile fabric, or the pole tips 9 of the pile fibers 7 are at least predominantly in a plane plane 12.
  • the pole tips 11 of the pile fibers 8 at least predominantly same pole tip height h, measured from the lower surface 10, on or lie the pole tips 11 of the pile fibers 8 at least predominantly in a plane plane 13.
  • the plane 12 of the Polretespitzen 9 is - viewed from the lower surface 10 of the mesh plane 14 - above the plane 13 of the Polretespitzen eleventh
  • the spatial distribution of the short fibers 8 e.g. chosen so close that e.g. almost no functional agent, e.g. in the form of an adsorbent in the pile fiber structure of the pile fibers 8 and in the cavities 16 can penetrate when a functional agent is introduced into the cavities 15, wherein the pole tips 11 blocking act against the ingress of functional agent.
  • the nonwoven fabric properties in the nonwoven fabric area 17, which consists of the short fiber layer area and the area of the base layer 2 are retained.
  • This layer structure ensures in particular the desired for many applications compressive elasticity and flexibility and softness of the nonwoven fabric.
  • the long fiber layer region 18 provided over the short fiber layer provides the cavities 15 e.g. for the reception of functional agents and the functional means accessible attachment surfaces of the long pile fibers 7 available.
  • a functional layer 19 is applied to the nonwoven fabric on the side of the plane 12, whose thickness is selectable and which can reach to the tips 11 of the short pile fibers 8, and solidified, wherein the cavities 15 at least partially filled and the long Pol fibers 7 are involved in this area.
  • the closed functional layer has essentially the functional task to fix the free end portions of the pile fibers or Polturaschlingen the pile fibers 7 position or integrate stationary, so that the pile fibers or Polturaschlingen are clamped on both sides, namely once in the base layer 2 and the other in the functional layer 19.
  • This clamping causes in a surprising way a high compressive elasticity of the nonwoven fabric.
  • the pile fibers can only bend or buckle under the pressure load, but elastically spring back to their starting position when pressure is released. Even with long-lasting pressure loads the double-clamped pile fibers do not lose their elasticity, so that the nonwoven fabric has excellent resilience with high dimensional stability.
  • the short pile fibers 8 can increase the resistance to the pressure load when the functional layer 19 strikes the pile fiber tips 11 of the pile fibers 8 when the functional layer 19 is arranged above the pile fiber tips 11. In the event that the functional layer 19 is seated on the pile fiber tips 11, the short pile fibers 8 increase the resistance to pressure loads and support the elastic springback.
  • the functional layer can also take on an additional task, namely if it contains functional agents, such as e.g. Contains moisture or liquid absorbent, or consists of a functional agent.
  • functional agents such as e.g. Contains moisture or liquid absorbent, or consists of a functional agent.
  • the functional layer is applied by spraying.
  • the application can also be done with a dip process.
  • the nonwoven fabric according to the invention is sprayed with a superabsorbent polymer, a so-called superabsorber.
  • superabsorbents are electrolyte networks that can absorb, store and desorb large amounts of fluid.
  • nonwovens with more than two levels of pile fiber tips and the correspondingly different void volumes. It is also within the scope of the invention to provide instead of pile fibers Polumbleschlingen or pile fibers in combination with Polfaserschlingen, for example, in one layer of pile fibers and in another layer Polumbleschlingen be generated.
  • the inventive structure of the nonwoven fabric for the spray application of functional agents can be achieved.
  • a further possibility for producing a nonwoven fabric according to the invention is a two-step process with production of a nonwoven consolidated by fiber or thread stitches with predominant transverse orientation of the fibers by cross-plating the card pile before mechanical consolidation by meshing (Malivlies) or over stitching (Maliwatt). Subsequently, in this nonwoven fabric having barb needles piercing perpendicular to the nonwoven fabric surface, the fiber pile layers or fiber pile structures are formed by discharging protruding fiber parts from the nonwoven fabric cross section. With this method it is also possible to use a longitudinally oriented batt.
  • the different heights and the different number of protruding fiber parts for forming the structure of the nonwoven fabric according to the invention is achieved by the number of needles and the type of needles, especially the distance of the needle tip to the first barb.
  • High compressive elasticity is achieved solely by the adhesive effect of the functional agents introduced into the receiving spaces 15 (Layer 19) on the long pile fiber threads in the area of the pole tips 9 achieved.
  • the structure deforms, whereby the short-pole fibers 8 sideways elastically, support each other due to a correspondingly high number per square centimeter and elastically spring back upon release of the compressive load.
  • the long pole fibers 7 provide a considerable additional support because they are integrated into the base layer 2 and into the functional layer 19 and oppose a lateral pressure exerted by the short pole fibers 8.
  • the short-pole fibers 8 thus ensure a synergistic effect in that on the one hand they form a barrier against the penetration of functional agents and on the other hand form the cavity 15 for functional agents in combination with the long fibers and ensure compressive elasticity or pressure resistance of the fabric.
  • the functional layer 19 can provide a synergistic effect. It ensures, on the one hand, the desired function, e.g. the desorption or desorption or odor binding or the like, and on the other hand, it forms by the integration of Langpolmaschinen 7 an elastic membrane-like surface, which ensures Drukkelastizmaschine.
  • the surface of the functional layer 19 is relatively smooth so that the sheet is e.g. when used as upholstery fabric, can be pulled without additional lubricant on a cushion core. With conventional upholstery fabrics, an additional slip coating often has to be applied for this purpose.
  • the relatively smooth surface of the mesh layer of the base layer 2 is particularly well suited for lamination with a upholstery fabric.
  • a fiber blend of 60% polyester fibers with a fiber fineness of 3.6 dtex and a fiber length of 60 mm and 40% polyester fibers with a fiber count of 4.4 dtex and a fiber length of 36 mm is used.
  • a double pile with a mass of 36 g / m 2 is formed and meshed on a stitchbonding machine Kunit with a compression of 1: 8 and a swing stroke of the brush of 48 mm at a mesh fineness of 18 F.
  • the result is a voluminous nonwoven fabric with a basis weight of 280 g / m 2 and a total thickness of 4.8 mm.
  • the pile fibers 7 are firmly embedded in a functional layer 19 of a superabsorber, which has a thickness of 1.2 mm.
  • the permanent set was 40.5%. It lowered by the functional layer to 25%.
  • the bulky nonwoven fabric consists of a cross-web nonwoven consolidated by fiber stitching which is then treated with long and short pile fibers with barb needles vertically piercing through the nonwoven cross section to achieve the particular pile fiber structure.
  • Malivlies nonwoven fabric consists of a fiber mesh bottom and in the nonwoven fabric cross section horizontally arranged fibers of polyester fibers with a fiber thickness of 3.3 dtex, the fiber length of 50 mm and he has a basis weight of 240 g / m 2 , a thickness of 1.8 mm and a mesh size of 14 courses of 25 mm each and a mesh length of 1,6 mm.
  • Machine 1 injection site Needle type penetration depth stitch density Fiber mesh side Crown needle 15 x 18 x 42 S 111 6 mm 600 stitches per cm 2
  • Machine 2 injection site Needle type penetration depth stitch density Fiber mesh side Crown needle 15 x 18 x 42 S 111 11 mm 400 stitches per cm 2
  • the total thickness and thus height H is 3.6 mm, the height h is 2.4 mm and the thickness of the fiber mesh layer is 1.2 mm.
  • the short pile fibers (8) are arranged exclusively from the horizontally arranged fibers, with a density corresponding to the needle type and stitch density of 7200 pieces of fiber per cm 2 .
  • the expulsion of the long pile fibers (7) takes place in a density of 4000 fiber parts per cm 2 of nonwoven fabric.
  • the ratio of H to h is calculated with a value of 1.5 to 1.
  • the long pile fibers 7 are firmly embedded in a functional layer 19 of a superabsorber.
  • the thickness of the layer 19 is 1.4 mm.
  • the nonwoven fabric exhibited a permanent set of 38%. It was lowered by the functional layer to 26%.
  • the object of the invention is achieved by the non-textile functional layer 19, e.g. itself does not have to have elastic properties.
  • the functional layer preferably also has its own spring or rubber-like elasticity, which supports the elasticity of the elastic structure of the textile fabric.
  • the functional layer not only fulfills the fiber-binding function and not only may have inherent elasticity, but rather consists of a material which acts as a so-called functional agent.
  • the functional layer may have good seat climatic and / or clothing physiological properties, such as e.g. Water storage and / or water vapor absorption and / or water vapor permeability and / or air permeability and / or odor retention and / or odor formation (perfume) and / or heat conduction and / or thermal insulation.
  • the functional layer 19 has thicknesses of between 1 and 4 mm, in particular between 1.1 and 3 mm.
  • the object of the invention is achieved not only by the use of a voluminous textile fabric, in particular in the form of a nonwoven fabric with different pile fiber lengths according to Fig. 1 , but also with fabrics, in particular in the form of nonwovens with a uniform Faserpol harsh.
  • a Faserpol für should be present with a predominant share in it vertically to diagonally protruding from the base layer equal length fiber parts, which are held together in the upper part of the base layer farthest by the flat, connecting acting non-textile functional layer 19 with each other so that Although compression and compression of the nonwoven fabric in the area of the Faserpol für but not flipping the fiber parts of the Faserpol harsh with little repetitive effect occurs.
  • the pressure elastic nonwoven fabric shown consists of the base layer 21 and the pile fiber layer 22.
  • the pile fiber layer 22 has the vertical to diagonal protruding from the base layer 21 fiber parts 23 in the farthest from the base layer 21 area fiber ends 24 or fiber slices 25.
  • the non-textile functional layer 26 arranged in this area of the fiber ends 24 or the fiber-part loops 25 binds them in such a way that the fiber parts 23 are not pressed into a horizontal position when compressive stresses occur but that they are pressed into the elastic structural part region 27 the Faserpol GmbH 22 elastically absorb these compressive forces and after the elimination of the pressure load the Faserpol GmbH 22 and the structural region 27 revert back to the starting position.
  • the channel-like cavities 28, for example, in the elastic subregion 27 of the fiber pole layer 22 provide space for forwarding and / or storing gaseous or liquid media and space for storing non-textile, solid, particulate functional agents (not shown).
  • a compressionally elastic nonwoven fabric shown schematically in cross-section consists of a Kunit nonwoven fabric of polyester fibers of fineness 3.3 dtex and with a fiber length of 90 mm. It has a mass of 380 g / m 2 and a total thickness of 5.6 mm.
  • the Faserpol GmbH 280 g / m 2 fiber mass are included, with a thickness of the base layer 21 forming fiber mesh layer 29 of 1.2 mm, the Faserpol GmbH 22 has a thickness of 4.4 mm.
  • non-textile functional layer 26 On top of the Faserpol für 22, a superabsorbent was sprayed, which thus forms the non-textile functional layer 26 and has a mass of 100 g / m 2 and a thickness of 1.4 mm.
  • this non-textile functional layer 80% of the free fiber dividend ends 24 and fiber dividing loops 25 contained in the fiber pole layer 22 are firmly bound.
  • nonwoven fabric construction according to the invention by the type and amount of non-textile functional layer 26, a substantial increase in water vapor absorption and moisture storage capacity than important functional properties for the use of the nonwoven fabric according to the invention as a climatically excellent padding component for vehicle seats.
  • the corresponding test values are listed below: property Kunit nonwoven pressure-elastic nonwoven fabric according to the invention Water vapor transmission resistance (g / m 2 Pa h) 0.11 0.16 Water absorption (%) 842 1890
  • the pressure-elastic nonwoven fabric according to the invention consists, as in Example 3, of a Kunit nonwoven fabric of polyester fibers with a fineness of 4.0 dtex and a length of 70 mm. It has a mass of 290 g / m 2 and a thickness of 4.4 mm. In the Faserpol für 22 200 g / m 2 fiber mass are included and this Faserpol für 22 has a thickness of 3.7 mm.
  • the upper side of the Faserpol für 22 was bonded to a thermoplastic adhesive nonwoven polyolefin having a mass of 40 g / m 2 , the resulting non-functional functional layer 26 binds at a thickness of 0.8 mm 2/3 of all free fiber ends 24 and fiber slices 25 firmly in itself and forms the pressure-elastic nonwoven fabric according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 A compressively elastic nonwoven fabric shown schematically in cross-section consists of a nonwoven fabric, solidified by fiber stitching, having a basis weight of 155 g / m 2 of polyester fibers of fineness 3.6 dtex and a length of 60 mm.
  • the fiber pole layer 22 By post-needling on a needle machine having vertically piercing fork needles, the fiber pole layer 22 has been formed with the fiber bundles 31 each containing free fiber dividend ends 24 and fiber dividing loops 25.
  • the mass fraction of the Faserpol für 22 is 105 g / m 2 and it has a thickness of 2.1 mm. Between the individual tufts 31 granular activated carbon particles 32 are embedded with a mass of 30 g / m 2 .
  • the non-textile functional layer 26 was applied, which is a water vapor-permeable polyurethane film with a basis weight of 80 g / m 2 and a thickness of 0.7 mm.
  • the pressure-elastic nonwoven fabric with the illustrated structure with the embedded functional particles of activated carbon 32 and the tufts 31 firmly integrating waterproof elastic non-textile functional layer 26 forms an excellent pressure-elastic and clothing climatic active component in the protective clothing manufacturing.
  • a compressionally elastic nonwoven fabric shown schematically in cross-section consists of a Kunit nonwoven fabric of 60% polyester fibers with a fineness of 3.6 dtex and a length of 60 mm and 40% viscose fibers of fineness 4.2 dtex and a length of 80 mm.
  • the nonwoven fabric has a basis weight of 510 g / m 2 and a thickness of 6.2 mm.
  • the Faserpol GmbH 360 g / m 2 fiber mass are included, the Faserpol GmbH 22 has a thickness of 5.4 mm.
  • a superabsorbent in liquid form was applied so that it forms on the one hand the non-textile functional layer 26 with a basis weight of 130 g / m 2 and a thickness of 2.0 mm and on the other hand some of the upper part of the Faserpol für 22 protrude from the surface of the non-textile functional layer 26 at a height of 0.5 mm.
  • the viscose fibers which contribute to a proportion of 40% of the free fiber ends 24 and fiber part loops 25 projecting from the surface of the non-textile functional layer 26 form an additional vertical line for moisture towards or away from the non-textile functional layer 26.
  • this effect supports its climatic behavior in a very positive manner.
  • property improvements with regard to compressive elasticity and moisture transport that occur as a result of the nonwoven fabric construction according to the invention are detectable on the basis of the following determined property values: property Kunit nonwoven pressure-elastic nonwoven fabric according to the invention Thickness (mm) 6.2 6.4 Compression hardness (kPa) 3.2 6.5 Pressure-elastic behavior as a30 - 5H% 28.1 46.1 as a30 - 5E3% 86.7 94.7 permanent deformation (%) 39.5 28.4 Water vapor resistance (g / m 2 Pa h) 0.10 0.16 Water absorption (%) 712 1383
  • the textile fabric according to the invention may be a nonwoven fabric made of fibers or filaments which has a pile surface of fibers or filament parts or fiber or filament loops protruding vertically or obliquely from the base layer.
  • nonwoven fabrics are generally known, for example, as Struto, a non-woven fabric, as a Kunit stitch-bonded nonwoven fabric, or as needled, stitchbonded, or spun-bonded nonwoven velor needle-punched fabrics.
  • a textile fabric according to the invention may also be a textile fabric of filament and / or fiber yarns as a pile fabric, pile knit or pile knitted fabric, all of which have a pile surface of vertically or obliquely extending from the base layer, substantially equal length yarn or fiber parts and / or yarn - or fiber loops. It may also be woven, knitted or knitted fabrics which have received this pile surface through an equipment process called roughing or velorizing by needling.
  • the pressure-elastic textile fabric according to the invention can also be a flock material with a pile surface formed by flock fibers. Likewise, it may be called a tufting textile fabric whose pole surface of loops or cut Slings is incorporated into a textile or non-textile carrier from tufted fiber or filament yarns.
  • pressure-elastic textile fabric consists of a 250 g / m 2 heavy designated as Webvelour pile fabric 21a of polyester filament yarns.
  • the pole layer 22 is formed by special weaving loops, which are formed by subsequent cutting to the vertically projecting filament parts 23.
  • the thickness of the pile fabric referred to as Webvelour is 3.8 mm, while the pile layer has a thickness of 2.9 mm.
  • the upper side of the pole layer 22 is then sprayed with a non-textile functional agent, for example of superabsorbent polymer, so that the free filament dividend ends 24 are firmly bound into the non-textile functional layer 26.
  • This non-textile functional layer 26 has a thickness of 1.1 mm and a mass of 110 g / m 2 .
  • This inventive construction of a textile fabric with Pol für 22 and applied non-functional functional layer 26 results in addition to the caused by the superabsorber of the functional layer 26 high moisture transport and high moisture storage a reduction of the original existing in textile fabric permanent deformation after close to normal pressure load by 65%.
  • the pressure-elastic textile fabric according to the invention consists of a polyamide filament yarn knitted fabric called Wirkvelour and has a basis weight of 190 g / m 2 and a thickness of 3.0 mm.
  • the pile layer 22 formed from filament parts 23 are 120 g / m 2 Filamentgarnmasse included and the Pol layer 22 has a thickness of 2.3 mm.
  • the surface of the pole layer 22 is bonded with a polyamide adhesive film having a basis weight of 50 g / m 2 so that this adhesive film with a thickness of 0.7 mm forms the non-textile functional layer 26 and thereby 85% of all free filament dividend ends 24 of Pol layer 22 firmly binds.
  • This integration according to the invention in combination with the textile construction results in a high compressive elasticity and low permanent deformation in view of the use of the pressure-elastic textile fabric as a seat cushion component.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)

Claims (46)

  1. Produit textile plat multicouches volumineux, en particulier constitué d'un feutre de mailles revêtu sur une face, avec une couche de base (2, 21) et au moins une couche (22) de fibres de poil qui présente des premières fibres de poil et/ou des boucles de fibres de poil (7, 24, 25) essentiellement de même longueur, ancrées dans la couche de base (2, 21) et débordant de la couche de base (2, 21) principalement de la verticale à obliquement,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    les premières fibres de poil et/ou boucles de fibres de poil (7, 4, 25) sont incorporées en position fixe dans la zone de leur extrémité libre dans une couche fonctionnelle (19, 26) fermée non textile ou dans un feutre collé, la couche fonctionnelle (19, 26) étant disposée à distance de la couche de base (2, 21).
  2. Produit plat selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    la couche fonctionnelle (19, 26) contient un agent fonctionnel.
  3. Produit plat selon les revendications 1 et/ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    la couche fonctionnelle (19, 26) est constituée d'un agent fonctionnel.
  4. Produit plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    l'agent fonctionnel est un absorbeur de liquide connu en soi.
  5. Produit plat selon la revendication 4,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    l'agent fonctionnel est un polymère superabsorbant connu en soi qui présente la forme d'un réseau d'électrolyte.
  6. Produit plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    le produit textile plat est un feutre fabriqué par le procédé Kunit, Malivlies ou Maliwatt, qui présente sur un côté plat de la couche de base (21) une structure (29) à mailles de fibres et sur l'autre côté une structure (22) de poils de fibres qui présente des fibres ou boucles de fibres (23) constituées d'un poil de fibres à fibres orientées en longueur et/ou orientées transversalement.
  7. Produit plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 6,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    l'agent fonctionnel est un agent désodorisant connu en soi.
  8. Produit plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que l'agent fonctionnel est un parfum connu en soi.
  9. Produit plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 8,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    l'agent fonctionnel est un agent conducteur de chaleur connu en soi.
  10. Produit plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 8,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'agent fonctionnel est un agent thermiquement isolant connu en soi.
  11. Produit plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 10,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    l'agent fonctionnel est une mousse.
  12. Produit plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 11,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    l'agent fonctionnel est un matériau élastique.
  13. Produit plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 12,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    un agent fonctionnel graineux est placé entre les fibres de poil et/ou les boucles (7, 8, 23) de fibres de poil.
  14. Produit plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 13,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    il est réalisé en plusieurs couches et présente une couche inférieure de base (2), suivie d'une couche de fibres de poil avec des courtes deuxièmes fibres de poil ou boucles (8) de fibres de poil et ensuite une couche de fibres de poil qui présente les premières fibres de poil ou boucles (7) de fibres de poil plus longues.
  15. Produit plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 14,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    la couche de base (2, 21) présente une partie (10) de surface intérieure qui est formée de fibres et/ou de mailles (4, 29) de fils à action de renforcement de surface.
  16. Produit plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 15,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    la couche de base (2, 21) présente des fibres et/ou des longueurs partielles (3) de fibres orientées essentiellement dans le plan du produit plat.
  17. Produit plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 16,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    les fibres de poil et/ou les boucles (7, 8, 24, 25) de fibres de poil sont immobilisées par des parties d'ancrage (5, 6) dans la couche de base (2, 21) et débordent de la section transversale.
  18. Produit plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 17,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    les fibres de poil et/ou boucles (7, 8, 24, 25) de fibres de poil débordent essentiellement à la verticale et/ou obliquement de la couche de base (2, 21).
  19. Produit plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 18,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    les fibres de poil ou boucles (7, 8, 24, 25) de fibres de poil sont disposées à distance latérale les unes des autres.
  20. Produit plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 19,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    les premières fibres de poil (7, 24, 25) présentent au moins principalement la même hauteur H des pointes (9) des poils par rapport à la surface inférieure (10).
  21. Produit plat selon la revendication 20,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    les pointes (9) des poils sont situées dans un plan de surface (12).
  22. Produit plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 14 à 21,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    les deuxièmes fibres de poil (8) présentent au moins principalement la même hauteur h des pointes de poils (11) par rapport à la surface inférieure (10).
  23. Produit plat selon la revendication 22,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    les pointes (11) des poils sont situées dans un plan de surface (13).
  24. Produit plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 20 à 23,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    le rapport entre la hauteur H des premières fibres de poil ou boucles (7) de fibres de poil et la hauteur h des deuxièmes fibres de poil ou boucles (8) de fibres de poil est compris entre 1,2 et 1.
  25. Produit plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 24,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    des espaces creux de réception (15, 28) sont formés entre les premières fibres de poil (7, 24, 25).
  26. Produit plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 25,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    le produit plat a une épaisseur de 3 à 20 mm et en particulier de 5 à 12 mm.
  27. Produit plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 26,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    au moins 200 premières fibres de poil (7, 24, 25) placées debout sont disposées dans la couche de fibres de poil par centimètre carré de surface de feutre.
  28. Produit plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 27,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    le feutre contient jusqu'à 25 % en masse de fibres thermoplastiques de liaison.
  29. Produit plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 28,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    la masse spécifique du feutre est comprise entre 100 et 800 et en particulier entre 200 et 600 g/m2.
  30. Produit plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 29,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    la couche (22) de fibres de poil contient une masse de fibres de 250 à 350 et en particulier de 270 à 320 g/m2.
  31. Produit plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 30,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    la couche fonctionnelle (26) a une masse spécifique de 80 à 120 et en particulier de 90 à 110 g/m2.
  32. Produit plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 31,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    au moins 80 % des extrémités partielles libres (24) et/ou boucles (25) partielles de fibres contenues dans la couche (22) de poils de fibres sont liés dans la couche fonctionnelle (26).
  33. Produit plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 32,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    la couche de poils (22) contient de 40 à 50 % de la masse textile contenue dans la totalité du produit textile plat.
  34. Produit plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 33,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    l'épaisseur de la couche fonctionnelle non textile (19, 26) représente au plus 50 % de l'épaisseur de la couche de poils (22).
  35. Produit plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 34,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    au moins 50 % des extrémités partielles libres (24) et/ou des boucles partielles (25) des fibres contenues dans la couche (22) de poils de fibres sont liés dans la couche fonctionnelle non textile (26).
  36. Produit plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 35,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    la couche fonctionnelle non textile (26) est constituée d'un polymère thermoplastique ou d'un polymère thermodurcissable ou encore d'un poly(chlorure de vinyle) à effet de liaison de fibres en surface.
  37. Produit plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 36,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    les extrémités partielles libres (24) et/ou les boucles partielles (25) des fibres de la couche (22) de poils de fibres débordent du côté de la surface de la couche fonctionnelle non textile (26) non tournée vers la couche de base (21), de préférence à une hauteur qui représente au plus le tiers de la hauteur de la couche (22) de poils de fibres.
  38. Produit plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 37,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    elle est constituée d'un feutre de fibres qui présente une surface de poils constituée de parties ou de boucles de fibres de poil qui débordent verticalement à obliquement de la couche de base, et de préférence un feutre à poils pliés ou, un feutre tricoté ou un feutre aiguilleté, tricoté ou filé valorisé par aiguilletage.
  39. Produit plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 38,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    il est un tissu de poils ou un tricot de poils qui présentent une surface de poils constituée de parties et/ou de boucles de fils ou de fibres qui débordent verticalement à obliquement de la section transversale du produit plat.
  40. Produit plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 38,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    il s'agit d'un floqué qui présente une surface de poils formée par des fibres floquées ou un produit plat textile appelé tuftage dont la surface de poils est formée de boucles de fibres de poil ou de boucles découpées de fibres de poil qui présentent des fils de fibres ou de filaments tuftés dans un support textile ou non textile.
  41. Procédé de fabrication d'un produit textile plat selon l'une ou plusieurs de revendications 1 à 38,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    l'on forme à partir d'un poil de fibres à fibres orientées en longueur et/ou orientées transversalement un feutre à structure de poils de fibres sur un côté supérieur et une structure à mailles de fibres sur l'autre côté supérieur, une brosse étant passée dans une aiguille coulissante pour mailler le matériau de fibres et un compactage du poil de fibres de 1 à 4 à 1 à 10 étant réalisé, les premières fibres de poil et/ou boucles (7, 24, 25) de fibres de poil étant liées dans la zone de leur extrémité libre dans une couche fonctionnelle non textile fermée (19, 26) ou un feutre collé, la couche fonctionnelle (19, 26) étant disposée à distance de la couche de base (2, 21).
  42. Procédé selon la revendication 41,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    l'on forme un feutre dont la masse par unité de surface est comprise entre 100 et 800 et en particulier entre 200 et 600 g/m2.
  43. Procédé selon les revendications 41 et/ou 42,
    caractérisé par un procédé en deux étapes, dans lequel un feutre solidifié par des fibres ou des mailles de fibres, les fibres du poil bouclé ayant une orientation principalement transversale ou principalement longitudinale avant la solidification mécanique est réalisé, les différentes couches de poils de fibres étant ensuite formées par extraction hors du feutre des parties des fibres en débord de ce feutre, à l'aide d'aiguilles à crochets qui traversent perpendiculairement la surface du feutre, les différentes hauteurs ainsi que les nombres différents de fibres en débord étant formés par le nombre et le type d'aiguille d'extraction pour former la nouvelle structure du feutre, ce que l'on obtient de préférence par une distance prédéterminée de la pointe de l'aiguille par rapport au premier crochet.
  44. Procédé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 41 à 43,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    au moins un agent fonctionnel est pulvérisé et solidifié sur et/ou dans la couche de fibres de poil qui présente les fibres de poil (7, 24) ou les boucles de poils (25).
  45. Procédé selon la revendication 44,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    une solution superabsorbante est pulvérisée et polymérisée.
  46. Utilisation d'un produit textile plat selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 40 comme matériau de capitonnage.
EP03767830A 2003-01-30 2003-12-24 Structure de surface textile, procede de fabrication et utilisation Expired - Lifetime EP1587978B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10303737A DE10303737A1 (de) 2003-01-30 2003-01-30 Textiles Flächengebilde, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung und seine Verwendung
DE10303737 2003-01-30
PCT/EP2003/014891 WO2004067826A1 (fr) 2003-01-30 2003-12-24 Structure de surface textile, procede de fabrication et utilisation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1587978A1 EP1587978A1 (fr) 2005-10-26
EP1587978B1 true EP1587978B1 (fr) 2008-04-23

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EP03767830A Expired - Lifetime EP1587978B1 (fr) 2003-01-30 2003-12-24 Structure de surface textile, procede de fabrication et utilisation

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EP (1) EP1587978B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE393252T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003292266A1 (fr)
DE (3) DE10303737A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004067826A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015187826A3 (fr) * 2014-06-06 2016-03-17 Milliken & Company Composite à base de ciment

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DE102005039968A1 (de) 2005-08-23 2007-03-08 Basf Ag Verbesserte feuchtigkeitsregulierende Verbundstoffe
WO2007065456A1 (fr) * 2005-12-06 2007-06-14 HÄNSEL VERBUNDTECHNIK GmbH Structure textile plane et procede pour sa fabrication ainsi que son utilisation
DE102009022647B4 (de) 2009-05-26 2017-08-24 Tenowo GmbH Verfahren zur Herstellung eines voluminösen Polstervliesstoffes
EP2478050B1 (fr) 2009-09-18 2018-01-24 Basf Se Mousse a alveoles ouvertes equippees de superabsorbants
WO2011054784A1 (fr) 2009-11-06 2011-05-12 Basf Se Textiles contenant des superabsorbants améliorés
DE102017118207B4 (de) * 2017-04-12 2022-10-27 Well Linkage Limited Tablett zur Aufnahme von Farbe
KR20200033898A (ko) * 2017-07-24 2020-03-30 더 노스 훼이스 어패럴 코오포레이션 선택적 배기를 갖는 단열 구조체

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DD39819A3 (de) * 1964-03-10 1969-05-05 Siegfried Ploch Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Textilstoffes und Vorrichtung an Nähwirkmaschinen zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE4235858A1 (de) * 1992-08-26 1994-03-03 Malimo Maschinenbau Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Vliesstoffes
DE4300091A1 (de) * 1993-01-06 1994-07-07 Malimo Maschinenbau Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verbinden zweier textiler Flächengebilde
DE19705737C2 (de) * 1997-02-14 2000-04-27 Spinnerei C B Goeldner Gmbh & Medizinischer Saugkörper und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015187826A3 (fr) * 2014-06-06 2016-03-17 Milliken & Company Composite à base de ciment

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Publication number Publication date
EP1587978A1 (fr) 2005-10-26
DE50309715D1 (de) 2008-06-05
WO2004067826A1 (fr) 2004-08-12
DE20320533U1 (de) 2004-10-07
DE10303737A1 (de) 2004-08-12
AU2003292266A1 (en) 2004-08-23
ATE393252T1 (de) 2008-05-15

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