EP1586682B1 - Drive for a combing machine - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a comber having a plurality of combing heads according to the preamble of claim 1.

In practice combing machines are known, for example, eight combing heads work simultaneously side by side. The drive of these combing heads via a laterally arranged next to the combing heads drive with gear unit, which is connected via longitudinal shafts with the individual elements of the combing heads drive. The slivers formed on the individual combing heads are transferred on a conveyor table side by side to a subsequent drafting system, in which they are stretched and then combined to form a common combing machine belt. The sliver produced at the drafting system is then placed on a funnel wheel in a pot.

An example of such a combing machine is, for example, from the literature "The short staple spinning - Volume III: Combing, Stretch, flyer / The Textile Institute - ISBN 3-908.059-01-1" refer. In particular, on page 22 of this literature, the arrangement of the combing heads and the lateral drive can be seen. Each combing head has a reciprocating nipper unit, which is also shown and described in the reference on page 23. The drive of the nipper unit takes place here by a forceps shaft which is rotatably connected to a pivot arm, which is rotatably connected at its free end with one end of the nipper unit. The forceps shaft receives its drive via a sliding-crank drive from a transmission, which is shown schematically, for example, on page 24 of said reference.

To increase the productivity of the combing machine in practice ever higher Kammspielzahlen be required. In part, more than 400 comb games per minute are used in today's combers. To accomplish this, it has been tried in the past, by appropriate constructions and suitable choice of materials, the masses of the moving parts, in particular the mass of the dwindling forceps unit. Due to the reciprocating oscillation of the nipper unit very large vibrations, especially at high Kammspielzahlen, which on the one hand require a correspondingly stable design of the drive and bearing elements and on the other hand make high demands on the frame of the machine as well as on the foundation on which the Machine is attached.

The invention thus has the task to reduce by suitable measures, the loads of vibrations caused by the reciprocating nipper units forth, or partially compensate.

It is therefore proposed that the drive or the drive elements for the initiation of the reciprocating movement of the nipper unit are designed such that at least one nipper unit performs a temporally offset pivoting movement to the other nipper units. As a result, it can be achieved that at least the oscillation amplitude of the oppositely dwindling nipper unit runs counter to the other oscillation amplitudes of the other nipper units, so that the oscillations are partially compensated.

It is advantageous, in particular in relation to the entire swing balance, when the pivoting movements of the nipper units of respectively adjacent combing heads are offset in time from one another. This makes it possible to partially compensate for the vibrations over the entire combing machine.

It would also be conceivable, as further proposed, that the pivoting movements of the nipper units of at least one group of juxtaposed combing heads are offset in time from the pivoting movements to the other nipper units. In this case, for example, two or three or more adjacent combing heads form a group. To compensate for the vibrations, it is advantageous if the different pivoting movements are in each case opposite to each other. That is, the pivoting movements, for example, to 180 ° offset from each other. However, it would also be conceivable that the offset of the pivoting movements of adjacent groups runs correspondingly stepped.

In order to easily perform the offset of the pivoting movements between the individual combing heads, or groups of combing heads, it is proposed that each combing head is provided with its own drive motor for the initiation of the pivoting movement of the respective nipper unit, which is connected to a central control unit. With such a drive device, it is possible to individually drive each combing head or its nipper units. By controlling a central control unit, which also receives signals from appropriately mounted positioning sensors, the drive of the individual combing heads can be matched exactly. If juxtaposed combing heads are combined in groups with respect to the pivoting movement, it is possible to drive their tong units, whose pivotal movement is in phase, in each case with a common drive means. As a result, on the one hand ensures the synchronization of these nipper units and on the other hand simplifies the drive device. To ensure a defined tear-off process of the combed fiber tuft presented by the respective nipper unit, it is proposed that the drive of the respective tear-off device be coupled to the drive of the nipper unit. This is particularly necessary if, during the tear-off operation, the tear-off device performs a pilgrim step movement which is necessary for applying the end of the tuft to the end of the already formed combing machine fleece.

If, however, provisions have been made to carry out the soldering operation of the torn-off fiber packet following the tear-off device, it is possible that the drive of the respective tear-off device can be carried out continuously, independently of the drive of the tongs unit.

To ensure the combing process by the comb segment of the circular comb is further proposed that the drive of the respective circular comb with coupled to the drive of the nipper unit. Depending on the design of the drive, this can be a mechanical coupling or, when driven by electric motors, an electrical coupling.

If the nipper units are driven by a common drive shaft, it is proposed that the transmission means for the drive of the nipper unit according to the temporally offset pivoting movements in the circumferential direction of the drive shaft, staggered relative to one another are rotatably mounted on this shaft.
However, it is also possible the respective group of nipper units, which carry out a simultaneous oscillating movement in the same direction each assign their own drive shaft, which is connected via corresponding means with the respective nipper unit. This makes it possible to tune or form the drive or the drive means exactly to the required oscillatory motion. Generally speaking, a common drive means are used for the same oscillating nipper units.

Also in this device, it is advantageous if the tear-off device performs a pilgrim step movement when the drive of the respective tear-off is coupled to the drive of the nipper unit.

If the actual soldering process was carried out following the tear-off device (for example tear-off cylinder), the drive of the respective tear-off device can be carried out continuously, independently of the drive of the nipper unit. That the tear-off device can e.g. have a constant speed.

So that the circular comb segment of the circular comb of the respective combing head can be tuned to the different oscillating cycles, it is proposed, when using a common circular comb shaft for all circular combs, that the circular combs are fixed in a rotationally fixed manner on the drive shaft such that the combing segments are partially offset relative to one another in the circumferential direction of the shaft are. This offset seen in the circumferential direction, each with the respective swing cycle to match the corresponding nipper unit of the individual combing heads.

However, it would also be conceivable to provide the individual circular combs with a single drive, as shown for example in CH-PS-681 309. Further embodiments of the invention can be taken from the following exemplary embodiments.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Draufsicht einer Kämmmaschine mit Einzelantrieben für die Zangenaggregate, welche erfindungsgemäss zeitlich versetzt Schwenkbewegungen durchführen,

Fig. 2

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 1 mit einer gemeinsamen Antriebswelle für zeitlich versetzt schwingende Zangenaggregate,

Fig. 3

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 2, wobei jeweils zwei nebeneinander liegende Kämmköpfe eine seitlich aufeinander abgestimmte Schwenkbewegung durchführen,

Fig. 4

eine schematische Seitenansicht eines Kämmkopfes mit schematisch zeitlich versetzt gezeigter Schwenkbewegung des Zangenaggregates,

Fig. 4a

eine verkleinerte schematische Teilansicht nach Fig.4 mit einer weiteren Antriebsvariante für das Zangenaggregat,

Fig. 5

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 4 mit einem Lötprozess im Anschluss an die Abreissvorrichtung.

Fig. 6

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel entsprechend Fig. 4 mit elektromotorischen Einzelantrieben gemäss Fig. 1

Show it:

Fig. 1

a schematic plan view of a combing machine with individual drives for the nipper units, which perform according to the invention temporally offset pivoting movements,

Fig. 2

1 with a common drive shaft for temporally offset oscillating nipper units,

Fig. 3

a further embodiment of FIG. 2, wherein each two adjacent combing perform a laterally coordinated pivoting movement,

Fig. 4

FIG. 2 a schematic side view of a combing head with pivoting movement of the nipper unit shown schematically with a time offset, FIG.

Fig. 4a

a reduced schematic partial view of Figure 4 with another drive variant for the nipper unit,

Fig. 5

a further embodiment of FIG. 4 with a soldering process following the tear-off.

Fig. 6

a further embodiment according to FIG. 4 with electromotive individual drives according to FIG. 1

Fig. 1 shows a schematic plan view with a combing machine 1, which is provided for example with eight adjacent Kämmköpfen K1 - K8. However, it could also be a greater number than eight comb heads arranged side by side. The fiber slivers F produced at the individual combing heads are discharged onto a conveyor table T via a device, not shown in more detail, and conveyed side by side to a following drafting system S. The slivers are warped in the drafting system S and then combined to form a single sliver FB, which is deposited via a schematically illustrated funnel TR in turns in a subsequent can K a tape tray BA.

The comber 1 has at the opposite end of the tape tray BA a gear unit G, which is connected to a drive motor not shown in detail. About this gear unit G all units of the combing machine 1 are driven by not shown in detail drive means, which are not provided with an electric motor single drive.

Furthermore, in Fig. 1 schematically indicated Zangenaggregate Z1 - Z8 of the individual Kämmköpfe K1 - K8 shown. From this representation it can be seen that the nipper units Z1 - Z8 each adjacent combing heads are in a different working position. For example, the nipper unit Z1 is located at the combing head K1 in a rear position, while the nipper unit Z2 of the combing K2 is in a forwardmost position in which the tearing takes place. The nipper units Z1-Z8 are in drive connection with a crank gear Q, each with an electric motor M1-M8. The electric motors M1 - M8 are connected to a control line SL with a control unit ST, via which the individual motors are controlled.

In the example shown, the tearing device AV following the nipper unit Z1-Z8 is likewise provided with an individual electric motor drive M11-M18, via which the pilgrim step movement of the tearing device AV is carried out becomes. The drive motors M11-M18 are also connected to the control unit ST via the control lines L1-L8.

In the Fig. 6, a schematic representation of a combing head is shown in side view according to the embodiment of FIG. 1. In dashed representation, the position of the nipper unit Z2 of the adjacent Kämmkopfes K2 is shown. As can be seen from FIG. 6, the nipper unit Z1 (Z2) consists of a lower nipper 4, which cooperates with an upper nipper plate 5. The upper tong plate 5 is (not shown) pivotally mounted on the lower jaw 4 via a rotation axis. As also shown schematically, the lower nipper 4 and the upper nipper 5 have in their front end region correspondingly formed profiles, via which they clamp with a closed nipper unit (dashed line) supplied via a feed cylinder 6 cotton wool W. The outstanding at this clamping position from the nipper unit Z1 tuft FB is combed by a comb segment 8 of a circular comb 9. The arranged below the nipper unit Z1 circular comb 9 is rotatably mounted on a circular comb shaft 10 which is connected via the drive connection 12 to the transmission G. The drive of the transmission G is carried out by a main motor M. The nipper unit Z1 (in short: pliers Z1 called) is pivotally mounted on the axis of the circular comb shaft 10 via one (or two) pivot arm 13. The free end of the pivot arm 13 is fixedly attached to the frame of the lower jaw 4 in this embodiment. In the rear region, the lower nipper 4 has an axis of rotation 15 on which a lever 16 is mounted rotatably. This lever 16 is rotatably mounted on a crank disc 19 via an axle 18. The axis 20 of the crank disc 19 is connected via a drive connection 21 with a drive motor M1 in combination. The motor M1 is connected to the central control unit ST via the control line SL. In order to coordinate the electromotive drives M1, or M11 with the drive of the circular comb 9, a sensor 22 is provided which is connected via the line 23 to the control unit ST in connection. This sensor 22 has the task to pick off the respective angular position of the shaft 10 of the circular comb 9 and to transmit the control unit ST. This makes it possible to deliver via the control unit ST to the respective motors M1, M11 corresponding control pulses, so on the one hand the combing segment 8 combed out the tuft FB at a defined time and on the other hand, the rotational movement of the Abreisswalzenpaares 2, or transport roller pair 3 is tuned to the forceps movement. Such a device with an electromotive single drive the Abreisszylinder can be seen, for example, from EP-PS 374 723.

In Fig. 6, a fixed comb 7 is still schematically shown, which is arranged between the tear-off rollers 2 and the nipper unit Z1. The fixed comb 7 is usually attached to the frame of the lower nipper 4.

On the representations of further details, in particular with respect to the drive of the feed roller 6, as well as the initiation of the movement of the upper tong plate 5 is omitted for reasons of clarity and can also be found in the cited reference "The short staple spinning".

In the position shown in solid lines of FIG. 6, the pliers Z1 is in its foremost position, where it is open, and the combed fiber tuft FB is applied to the end E of a partially transported back fiber web V. In this position, the Abreisswalzen 2, or transport rollers 3 are driven via the motor M11 in the forward direction, so that the transport of the nonwoven fabric V, as shown in the arrow direction, takes place in the direction of a guide table 14. In this case, the end of the tuft FB comes into coincidence with the end E of the web V and is soldered together in the terminal point of the tear-off rollers 2. In this process, the tuft FB is at least partially pulled through the worsted of the fixed comb 7 therethrough. As already described, the dashed representation shows the position of a pliers Z2 of an adjacent combing head K2, wherein this is in a rear position, in which just the combing process takes place by the combing out with the comb segment 8. Also indicated by dashed lines is the drive motor M12 for the electromotive single drive of the tear-off device AV at the adjacent Kämmkopf K2.

Due to the time-shifted oscillation cycle of the nipper units between two adjacent combing heads and the rashes of the resulting vibrations are aligned in the opposite direction, so that these vibration resonances can partially cancel. As a result, the vibrations to be absorbed by the foundation are considerably reduced. Therefore, the foundations do not have to be oversized and the machine frame of the comber can be dimensioned accordingly easier.

As a further positive effect results in a shift of the solder joints on adjacent combing heads, which ultimately has a positive effect on the production of a combing machine belt with respect to its uniformity.

Fig. 2 shows a further embodiment, wherein the nipper units Z1 - Z8 of the combing heads K1 - K8 are moved by a common pliers shaft 25 back and forth. The shaft 25 is connected to the transmission G, in which a discontinuous movement of the shaft 25 is generated via a not shown in detail sliding crank gear. Such a transmission can be seen for example on page 34 of the cited reference "The short staple spinning" schematically. Also in the present embodiment, the drive element, in this case the shaft 25, also connected via a crank mechanism Q with the respective nipper unit Z1 - Z8. The pliers shaft 25 is, as shown schematically, mounted in several places on the bearings 26 in the machine frame. Adjacent combing heads also have, as in the example of FIG. 1 offset by 180 ° duty cycle. Due to the different working cycles of adjacent combing heads, the drive of the respective tear-off device AV must also be adjusted in accordance with the movement of the respective nipper unit Z1-Z8. Therefore, the tearing AV of the combing heads are driven by a common transmission, in which the same pincer movement is present. Thus, for example, via a schematically shown drive connection 28, the tear-off devices AV of the combing heads K1, K3, K5 and K7 are connected to the transmission unit G1, which is connected to the transmission unit G via the connection 29. The remaining tear-off devices of the combing heads K2, K4, K6 and K8 are via the drive connection 30 with a gear unit G2, which is also connected via the connection 31 to the transmission unit G. The gear units G1, G2 can of course be an integral part of the transmission G, and are shown separately in the example shown to better explain the drive concept.
FIG. 4 shows a schematic side view of the combing head K1, wherein the position of the nipper unit Z2 of the adjacent combing head K2 is shown in dashed lines. The individual elements of this schematic representation coincide except for the drive elements substantially with the elements already described in Fig. 6, to which no further explanation must be made here. The drive of the tear-off rollers 2 and the transport rollers 3 takes place here via the connecting means 28 of the transmission G1, which communicates with the transmission G via the path 29 in connection. The shaft 25 is in drive connection with the transmission G via the path 34. On the shaft 25, a pivot arm 32 is rotatably mounted in the region of the respective Kämmkopfes, eg K1. The rotationally fixed attachment is symbolically characterized, for example, by the use of a screw 33 shown schematically. At the free end of the pivot arm 32, the lever 16 is rotatably mounted on the axis 18. At the other free end of the lever 16 is pivotally connected via the axis 15 pivotally connected to the lower tongs 4. For the adjacent Kämmkopf K2 of the pivot arm 32a, for example, offset by 180 ° also secured by a screw not shown in detail 33 on the shaft 25 rotatably. About the lever 16a of the pivot arm 32a and the lower nipper 4a is drivingly connected to each other. In this case, the lever 16a on the axes 15a and 18a rotatably mounted on the lower jaw 4a, and the pivot arm 32a. By this arrangement, the pivot arms 32, and 32a, the pliers Z1, or Z2 is offset by the intermittent rotational movement of the shaft 25 in opposite swinging movements.

Therefore, even with this device, the resulting vibrations are largely compensated by the phase shift of adjacent combing heads, whereby the dynamic load on the gun shaft 25 is reduced. As a result, the forceps shaft 25 does not have to be oversized and also the mechanical requirements of the machine frame are lower. simultaneously As a result, the loads on the foundation on which the machine is installed are also reduced.
In this context, further embodiments are conceivable. For example, in each case a separate drive shaft can be provided for the groups of pliers which perform the same time oscillatory movements.
Such a variant is indicated, for example, in FIG. 4a, wherein only the rear part of the nipper units Z1 or Z2 is shown. In this case, the pliers Z1 is driven via the shaft 25, which is connected in terms of drive via the lever 16 rotatably mounted in the axes 15, 18 with the pliers Z1. For the pliers Z2, the drive is effected by the shaft 25a, which is in drive connection via the lever 16a with the pliers Z2, wherein the lever 16a is rotatably mounted in the axes 15a, 18a.

In the further exemplary embodiment of FIG. 3, in each case two adjacent combing heads (for example K1, K2) are aligned identically with respect to the combing cycle. This means that for the respective groups of combined combing heads, the combing and tear-off cycle takes place at the same time. Therefore, the tear-off devices AV of the respective group of combing heads (K1, K2-K3, K4-K5, K6-K7, K8) are each driven by a common gear unit 35, 36, 37 and 38, respectively. In this case, the gear units 35 and 37 are connected via a drive connection 40 or 41 with the gear unit G3, which in turn is connected via the schematically illustrated connection 43 to the main gear G drivingly. Via the drive connections 45 and 46, which are also shown schematically, the gears 36 and 38 are drivingly connected to the gear unit G4, which likewise is connected to the gear G via the drive connection 48. Even with this device can be compensated by the groupwise staggered duty cycles of the nipper units, the resulting vibrations to a large extent.

Of course, many other combinations of group formations and drive variations are possible, which are not shown here. It would also be conceivable, for example, for the gear G to be arranged between in each case two groups of combing heads, as has been shown schematically, for example, in JP-AS-7-26254.

In addition, the number of combing heads can also be significantly higher than eight combing heads, as shown in the comments.
The tape tray could be as shown in Fig.9 of JP'254 shown with respect to the gear on the opposite side of each group.

In the further exemplary embodiment of FIG. 5, an embodiment is shown which, except for the drive of the tear-off device AV, coincides with the embodiment of FIG. 4. In this embodiment, the actual soldering process is no longer performed at the Abreisswalzen 2, but shifted in the area of the transport rollers 3. In order to compensate for the discontinuous delivery of the broken-off fiber packets 51, a plate 53 which can be pivoted about a pivot point 52 is provided, which transfers the fiber packet 51 delivered by the tear-off rollers 2 to an end E1 of a fiber web V already formed. The pivotable plate 53 acts as a kind of buffer, over which the discontinuous delivery can be compensated. A more detailed description of this device as well as other possible embodiments can be found in DE-A1-197 13 225. With this device, it is possible to drive the Abreisswalzen with a continuous (eg constant) speed, whereby the drive of the Abreisswalzen 2 is independent of the respective position of the nipper unit. In the example shown, only the position of the plate 53 must be determined according to the comb play. If this is taken into account, then the drive of the tear-off rollers 2, the transport rollers 3 and the pivot axis 52 can take place from a common transmission G1, which is connected to the transmission G via the drive path 29. The decoupling of the drive of the Abreisswalzen 2 from the drive of the respective pliers allows a variety of combinations of different Kämmzyklen between the individual combing heads, without affecting the tearing process. Depending on the design of the subsequent soldering device, its drive may still have to be coupled with the drive of the nipper unit. In the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 5, the plate 53 is in the position shown in dashed lines, in which the fiber bundle 51 is partially brought into coincidence with the end E1, whereby the soldering with the fleece V takes place when performing this overlap between the transport rollers 3. With such a device is still a greater variation possibility of combinations of different comb cycles between the individual combing heads possible. It is also possible to provide individual combing cycles with smaller temporal shifts.

Claims (14)

1. Comber (1) with several combing heads (K1-K8), which each includes a pivoting mounted nipper device (Z1-Z8) and in each case with a rotatably-mounted circular comb (9) with a comb segment (8) for combing out the fibre tuft (FB) delivered by the nipper device and a detachment device (AV) for detaching the combed-out fibre tuft from the nipper device, characterised in that the drive (M1-M8) and drive elements (Q, 16, 18, 25) respectively for initiating the to-and-fro movement of the nipper device (Z1-Z8) are designed and arranged in such a way that at least one nipper device (Z1, Z3, Z5, Z7) carries out a temporally offset pivot movement in relation to the other nipper devices (Z2, Z4, Z6, Z8).
2. Comber (1) according to Claim 1, characterised in that the pivot movements of the nipper devices (Z1-Z8) of adjacent combing heads (K1-K8) in each case are temporally offset in relation to one another.
3. Comber (1) according to Claim 1, characterised in that the pivot movements of the nipper devices (Z1-Z8) of at least one group (K1,K2; K3,K4;K5,K6;K7,K8) of combing heads (K1-K8) arranged next to one another are temporally offset in relation to the pivot movements of the other nipper devices.
4. Comber (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the different pivot movements of the nipper devices (Z1-Z8) are in each case opposed to one another.
5. Comber (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that each combing head (K1-K8) is provided with its own drive motor (M1-M8) for initiating the pivot movements of the individual nipper device (Z1-Z8), which is connected to a central control unit (ST).
6. Comber (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the combing heads (K1-K8), at which the pivot movements of the nipper devices (Z1-Z8) are in equal phase, are in each case in connection with a common drive means.
7. Comber (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the drive (M11-M18; G1-G4) of the individual detachment device (AV) is connected to the drive (M1-M8; 25, G) of the nipper device (Z1-Z8).
8. Comber (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the drive (M11-M18; G1-G4) of the individual detachment device (AV) is effected continuously independently of the drive (M1-M8; 25, G) of the nipper device (Z1-Z8).
9. Comber (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the drive (10, G) of the individual round comb (9) is coupled to the drive (M1-M8; 25, G) of the nipper device (Z1-Z8).
10. Comber (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that, for the drive of the nipper devices (Z1, Z3, Z5, Z7 and Z2, Z4, Z6, Z8 respectively) which carry out simultaneous oscillation movements in the same direction, a common drive shaft (25, 25a) is allocated, whereby transfer means (16, 32; 16a, 32a) for the drive of the individual nipper device are mounted on the one side in a jointed manner (15, 15a) at the nipper device and, on the other, are mounted in a torsionally-resistant manner on the drive shaft (25, 25a).
11. Comber (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that a common drive shaft (25) is allocated to at least a part of the combing heads (K1-K8) operating with temporally different oscillation movements of the nipper devices (Z1-Z8), whereby transfer means (Q, 18, 32) for the drive of the individual nipper device are mounted on one side in a jointed manner (15) at the nipper device and, on the other, are mounted in a torsionally-resistant manner on the drive shaft (25), and that, in accordance with the temporally-offset oscillation movements of the nipper devices, the transfer means (32) are secured on the drive shaft (25), seen in its circumferential direction, partially offset to one another.
12. Comber (1) according to one of Claims 10 to 11, characterised in that the drive (G1-G4) of the individual drive device (AV) is coupled to the drive (25, G) of the nipper device (Z1-Z8).
13. Comber (1) according to one of Claims 10 to 11, characterised in that the drive (G1-G4) of the individual drive device (AV) is effected continuously, independently of the drive (25, G) of the nipper device (Z1-Z8).
14. Comber (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 13, characterised in that at least a part of the circular combs (9) of the individual combing heads (K1-K8) are mounted in a torsionally-resistant manner on a common drive shaft (10), whereby, in accordance with the temporally offset oscillation movement of the individual nipper device (Z1-Z8), the comb segments (8) are in part offset to one another, seen in the circumferential direction of the shaft (10).

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