EP1576631A1 - Procede et dispositif pour determiner la duree de vie residuelle d'un appareil de commutation - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour determiner la duree de vie residuelle d'un appareil de commutation

Info

Publication number
EP1576631A1
EP1576631A1 EP03767474A EP03767474A EP1576631A1 EP 1576631 A1 EP1576631 A1 EP 1576631A1 EP 03767474 A EP03767474 A EP 03767474A EP 03767474 A EP03767474 A EP 03767474A EP 1576631 A1 EP1576631 A1 EP 1576631A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
switching
switching device
switchgear
contacts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03767474A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Günther SCHÄRTL
Bernhard Streich
Norbert Mitlmeier
Peter Heider
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP1576631A1 publication Critical patent/EP1576631A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/0015—Means for testing or for inspecting contacts, e.g. wear indicator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for determining the remaining service life of a switching device, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the invention also relates to an associated device according to the preamble of patent claim 10.
  • switchgear For the operational safety of switchgear, it is important to know the remaining service life of contacts in switchgear, in particular contactor contacts, in order to take timely maintenance measures, e.g. in the case of contactors by exchanging the contacts to avoid malfunctions.
  • contact pressure can be used as a substitute criterion for the erosion in order to detect the erosion, changes in the imprint being recorded in practice.
  • the change in pressure is composed of the contact erosion of the contact and the mechanical abrasion.
  • the influence of abrasion has not been recorded so far.
  • the contact pressure In order to achieve a higher utilization of the contact material, the contact pressure must be measured directly on the components that generate it.
  • a method for detecting the remaining service life of the contact erosion was developed especially for air contactors, in which by measuring the time interval between armature opening - characterized by a characteristic peak in the coil voltage - and contact opening - characterized by the occurrence of a switching Line tension - the erosion and thus the remaining service life is measured.
  • EP 0 694 937 B1 placed under protection. Specific methods for use in switching devices are described in detail in EP 0 878 016 B1, EP 0 878 015 B1 and EP 1 002 325 B1. It is consistently based on the fact that the pressure change during the switch-off process, i.e. when the switch contacts are opened by an electromagnetic drive, from which the erosion of the switch contacts is determined and the remaining service life of the switchgear is calculated.
  • switchgear especially with contactors with vacuum interrupters, it is not possible to visually check the contacts and the contact erosion can currently only be checked via markings or erosion gauges when switched on.
  • sensors for relative path measurements in particular for distance measurement, are used.
  • These sensors can advantageously be simple signal switches due to the static measurement. This results overall in a simple construction of the respective device. Further details and advantages of the invention result from the following description of the figures of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing in conjunction with the patent claims. Show it
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a vacuum contactor with associated drive including the switching mechanical components
  • FIG. 2 shows a circuit diagram for a first exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 3 shows the switching mechanism associated with FIG. 2 as a detail from FIG. 1
  • FIG. 4 shows a circuit diagram for a second exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 5 shows the circuit diagram for FIG Switching mechanism as a detail from Figure 1.
  • the methods described in detail below for determining the pressure are based on a distance measurement by sensors. However, only a relative change in distance between at least two components of the components or assemblies producing the pressure, regardless of the composition due to contact erosion and abrasion, is recorded. Depending on the number and type of sensors, one or more message limits can be determined and used for display, message or signal processing. The arrangement, design and number of sensors depend on the structure of the switching devices, the desired signaling accuracy and the further processing of the signal. In particular, there are a variety of possible combinations.
  • Figure 1 shows a typical structure of a vacuum contactor with associated drive.
  • the components / assemblies generating the pressure are: The bellcrank, the spring support and the movable tubular bolt with the add-on parts such as power strip connection, lever rest, switch position indicator and the associated fastening parts.
  • add-on parts such as power strip connection, lever rest, switch position indicator and the associated fastening parts.
  • abrasion or plastic damage Formations occur that can either increase the pressure or reduce the pressure.
  • the latter part 1 comprises a vacuum contactor, a vacuum interrupter 10, the contactor mechanism 20, 30, 40 and the drive 100.
  • a vacuum interrupter 10 on an abutment 3 ⁇ m it boom 4 is attached.
  • the boom 4 carries the vacuum interrupter 10, for which purpose a fixed contact pin 15 of the interrupter 10 is clamped in the boom 4.
  • the vacuum interrupter 10 consists of hollow cylindrical components 11 to 13, the hollow cylinders 11 and 13 being arranged axially displaceable relative to one another by a linearly resilient metal bellows 12.
  • the components 11 and 13 are electrically insulated from one another, for which purpose one of the components can consist, for example, of ceramic material.
  • Switching contacts 17 and 18 are axially movable relative to one another, the switching contact 17 being connected as a fixed contact to the fixed bolt 15 and the switching contact 18 being connected as a moving contact to a bolt 16 movable in the axial direction.
  • the switching contacts 17 and 18 of the vacuum interrupter 10 are actuated by means of the electromagnetic drive 100, for which purpose there is a structure consisting of a magnet yoke 101, magnet armature 102 and associated coils 105, 105 'for electromagnetic excitation.
  • the magnetic yoke 101 is mounted in a holder 110 siege.
  • the magnet armature 102 has a cutout 103 with fastening 105 for a contact carrier 30.
  • the armature 102 can be brought into two vertically different positions by the electromagnetic drive 100, of which the lower one corresponds to the “closed” position of the vacuum contactor 10 and the upper one corresponds to the “open” position of the vacuum contactor 10.
  • the vertical displacement must be converted into a horizontal displacement in FIG. 1, for which purpose a deflection device 20 is present.
  • the moving contact pin 16 is mounted outside the switching tube 10 against the pressure of a spring 21, the spring 21 being supported on a spring support 22.
  • the short lever arm of the deflection lever 25 presses with a first end element 27 on the spring support 22, while the long lever arm with a second end element 28 in a recess 31 of the contact carrier 30, which - as already mentioned - is connected to the armature 102 of the magnetic drive 100 is led.
  • There is a support plate 35 for the contact carrier 30 There is a support plate 35 for the contact carrier 30.
  • a comparatively large displacement path in the vertical direction can be converted into a smaller displacement path in the horizontal direction with the corresponding application of force.
  • This is necessary for the actuation of the vacuum contactor 10, in which in particular a sufficient contact pressure between the contact surfaces of the switching contacts 17 and 18 must be generated.
  • the spring 21 is tensioned for the closed position by means of a preselectable pressure and a contact force sufficient for the closed position of the switching contacts 17, 18 is generated.
  • the printing is illustrated in FIG. 1 in that when the end element 27 is in the open switching position, the short lever arm of the deflection lever 25 is supported by a rear lever support 23.
  • a mechanically moving part of the display 40 also includes a switch position indicator 41, a current band connection 42 and a current band 44 which is connected to the connection rail 45.
  • the switching path of the contact arrangement is generally comparatively short, for example ⁇ 2 mm. It follows from this that the play of the individual movements occurring in the switching device drive with the associated deflection with frequent activation cannot be neglected. These circumstances must be taken into account when designing switchgear with such drive and power transmission devices.
  • the lifespan of a switching device is influenced by the wear of all mechanically moving parts. This wear is caused in a known manner on the one hand by the erosion of the electrical switch contacts on the contact surfaces A. If the thickness of the contact pieces changes due to a
  • the mechanical wear of the movable drive components can also have an influence on the service life of the entire switching device.
  • Such wear is, in particular, abrasion in bearings or also plastic deformations, which individually can either increase the pressure or reduce the pressure.
  • such influences are compensated for at the various points in the switchgear mechanism.
  • the positions B to H at which wear can occur are also shown in FIG. It means B the support of the end element 26 on the spring support 22, C its support on the rear lever supports 23, E the mechanical stress of the other end element 27 in the driving groove 31 of the contact carrier 30, F the support of the contact carrier in the magnetic armature, G / G ⁇ the support of the magnetic armature 102 on the magnetic yoke 101 at its pole faces and H / H 'the Bracket 110 of the magnetic drive 100 in a base plate.
  • FIG. 2 the vacuum contactor according to FIG. 1 with circuitry is shown in a circuit diagram.
  • a polarization diode 201 is connected in the positive signal branch and three signaling switches 211 to 213 are present.
  • 202 and 203 mean circuit resistances, 204 a capacitance and 205 an optical signal transmitter.
  • the device for debouncing is advantageous in order to eliminate false signals during the evaluation. It is possible for the signal before or after the debouncing unit 210 to be forwarded to a programmable logic controller (PLC).
  • PLC programmable logic controller
  • FIG. 3 The mechanical construction is realized in FIG. 3, the switching elements from FIG. 2 being integrated into the construction from FIG. 1 in FIG. 3.
  • the reporting point is set via the opening dimension of the reporting switch.
  • the measurement can take place on only one as well as on all current paths of a switching device. In this case, all switching elements can be connected in parallel.
  • the alarm signal is triggered by the contact that first reached the alarm limit.
  • the signal supply can be provided directly to the customer for processing. In the example from FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, there is advantageously a direct detection when the reporting limit is reached.
  • the abrasion and deformations from the drive side of the switching device can also be taken into account for the remaining service life recording.
  • the potential-free message signal which is used in particular for further processing in a PLC or the like. suitable is.
  • Lever control must be taken into account, with control via a circular arc. If electronic debouncing is dispensed with in FIG. 2, bounce signals continue to result during the switch-on process.
  • the circuit in FIG. 4 contains a polarization diode 401, three signaling switches 411 to 413 with associated impedances 414 to 416 and in each case separate signaling circuits 420, 430 and 440.
  • a device for debouncing is designated by 410, the signals of the individual signaling switches being processed here ,
  • the waypoint is queried when the contactor is switched on.
  • the reporting point is set via the opening dimension of the reporting contact. The measurement can take place on only one as well as on all current paths of a switching device. In this case, all switching elements can be connected in parallel. This triggers the alarm signal from the contact that first reached the alarm point.
  • At least one switching contact per current path is required.
  • several alarm switches can be used in one current path.
  • Three contacts are possible for the 80%, 50% and 20% message limit
  • Switches with make, break and changeover contacts can be used as switching elements.
  • the measuring section i.e. the arrangement of the spring support to the lever supports, in particular the wear on the bell crank 25, which increases the pressure, can also be detected.
  • the switch contacts 17, 18 can be used to a greater extent, in particular with a reduced switching capacity.
  • the status query can be improved with the sensors, so that further processing of the signals is possible in detail.
  • all signals can be further processed, for which purpose a microprocessor is suitable in addition to the already mentioned PLC.
  • a microprocessor is suitable in addition to the already mentioned PLC. This gives, for example, the possibility of evaluating the scanning by several sensors per current path for several signal signals (eg 90%, 80%), or of determining the triggering current path. All suitable sensors can be used.

Landscapes

  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Abstract

Dans un appareil de commutation, les contacts de commutation peuvent être amenés en position de mise en circuit ou hors circuit par un mécanisme d'appareil de commutation, un entraînement électromagnétique étant généralement fourni à cet effet et une détente de contact définie d'un ressort à force de contact étant utilisée pour générer une force de contact prédéfinie en position de mise en circuit. Selon l'invention, la détente de contact est détectée à l'état statique en position de mise en circuit de l'appareil de commutation (1), c'est-à-dire avec les contacts de commutation fermés (17, 18), et la valeur de détente de contact détectée est corrélée à l'usure des contacts de commutation (17, 18) et/ou à l'usure du mécanisme d'appareil de commutation (20, 30, 40), la durée de vie résiduelle de l'appareil de commutation (1) étant déterminée à partir des valeurs de l'usure des contacts de commutation (17, 18) et/ou de l'usure du mécanisme d'appareil de commutation (20, 30, 40). Pour la détection statique d'une variation de la détente de contact, le dispositif selon l'invention comprend au moins un capteur (S1, S2, S3) servant à effectuer des mesures de déplacement relatif sur le mécanisme d'appareil de commutation (20, 30, 40).
EP03767474A 2002-12-20 2003-12-17 Procede et dispositif pour determiner la duree de vie residuelle d'un appareil de commutation Withdrawn EP1576631A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10260258 2002-12-20
DE2002160258 DE10260258B4 (de) 2002-12-20 2002-12-20 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Restlebensdauer eines Schaltgerätes
PCT/DE2003/004174 WO2004057635A1 (fr) 2002-12-20 2003-12-17 Procede et dispositif pour determiner la duree de vie residuelle d'un appareil de commutation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1576631A1 true EP1576631A1 (fr) 2005-09-21

Family

ID=32519248

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03767474A Withdrawn EP1576631A1 (fr) 2002-12-20 2003-12-17 Procede et dispositif pour determiner la duree de vie residuelle d'un appareil de commutation

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1576631A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1745442A (fr)
DE (1) DE10260258B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004057635A1 (fr)

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CN101540480B (zh) * 2009-04-22 2011-05-04 宁波天安（集团）股份有限公司 一种真空负荷隔离开关-熔断器组合电器
FR2945661A1 (fr) * 2009-05-18 2010-11-19 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Evaluation de l'usure de contacts enfonces par la variation de la rotation de l'arbre des poles
RU2550337C2 (ru) * 2013-07-01 2015-05-10 Сергей Иванович Малафеев Способ определения остаточного ресурса автоматических выключателей
CN103439093A (zh) * 2013-08-06 2013-12-11 江苏森源电气股份有限公司 机械特性在线检测装置
CN103616695A (zh) * 2013-10-25 2014-03-05 苏州恩意精密机械有限公司 一种咖啡壶蒸气开关检测机凸点弹起距离测量装置的测量工艺
CN103681091A (zh) * 2013-11-28 2014-03-26 昆山安平电气有限公司 真空开关触头磨损指示机构
CN105258932B (zh) * 2015-11-03 2017-12-05 国家电网公司 高压开关触头机械寿命试验装置
CN105424525B (zh) * 2015-12-18 2019-03-26 江苏森源电气股份有限公司 断路器触头磨损采集系统、判断系统、采集方法和判断方法
DE102017205282A1 (de) * 2017-03-29 2018-10-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elektrischer Schalter mit Signalkontakt
CN107808800A (zh) * 2017-10-31 2018-03-16 凯源新创（天津）科技有限公司 一种提升无线交互性能的延时接触器
CN109036884B (zh) * 2018-09-19 2023-11-10 宁夏力成电气集团有限公司 一种智能型高压真空断路器及其机械特性参数确定方法
CN109459686B (zh) * 2018-10-09 2020-09-08 荣盛盟固利新能源科技有限公司 一种大电流电磁继电器电气寿命测试装置
RU2703740C1 (ru) * 2018-12-10 2019-10-22 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Омский государственный университет путей сообщения" Метод технического диагностирования быстродействующих выключателей тяговых подстанций и постов секционирования, оборудованных системой технического диагностирования
CN109738175A (zh) * 2019-02-14 2019-05-10 国网冀北电力有限公司电力科学研究院 直流断路器的快速机械开关机械特性监测系统及方法
FR3125655A1 (fr) * 2021-07-23 2023-01-27 Schneider Electric Industries Sas Dispositif de coupure d’un circuit électrique de moyenne tension

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10260258A1 (de) 2004-07-22
DE10260258B4 (de) 2005-02-24
WO2004057635A1 (fr) 2004-07-08
CN1745442A (zh) 2006-03-08

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