EP1556416A1 - Dispersions polymeres aqueuses contenant des alkyldicetenes, procedes permettant de les produire et utilisation correspondante - Google Patents

Dispersions polymeres aqueuses contenant des alkyldicetenes, procedes permettant de les produire et utilisation correspondante

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Publication number
EP1556416A1
EP1556416A1 EP03809272A EP03809272A EP1556416A1 EP 1556416 A1 EP1556416 A1 EP 1556416A1 EP 03809272 A EP03809272 A EP 03809272A EP 03809272 A EP03809272 A EP 03809272A EP 1556416 A1 EP1556416 A1 EP 1556416A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
organic phase
alkyldiketenes
polymer dispersions
aqueous
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP03809272A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Rainer Dyllick-Brenzinger
Roland Ettl
Franca Tiarks
Ulrich Riebeling
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BASF SE
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BASF SE
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BASF SE filed Critical BASF SE
Publication of EP1556416A1 publication Critical patent/EP1556416A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/12—Aldehydes; Ketones
    • D06M13/13—Unsaturated aldehydes, e.g. acrolein; Unsaturated ketones; Ketenes ; Diketenes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
    • C08F2/12—Polymerisation in non-solvents
    • C08F2/16—Aqueous medium
    • C08F2/22—Emulsion polymerisation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
    • C08F2/44—Polymerisation in the presence of compounding ingredients, e.g. plasticisers, dyestuffs, fillers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
    • C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
    • C14C11/00—Surface finishing of leather
    • C14C11/003—Surface finishing of leather using macromolecular compounds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
    • D21H17/17—Ketenes, e.g. ketene dimers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/71—Mixtures of material ; Pulp or paper comprising several different materials not incorporated by special processes
    • D21H17/72—Mixtures of material ; Pulp or paper comprising several different materials not incorporated by special processes of organic material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to aqueous polymer dispersions containing alkyldiketenes, processes for their preparation by emulsifying alkyldiketenes in water in the presence of monomers and stabilizers under the action of shear forces and polymerization of the miniemulsions thus prepared, and use of the aqueous alkyldiketene dispersions thus obtainable as sizing agents for paper, as water repellents for leather, natural and / or synthetic fibers and textiles.
  • Aqueous alkyldiketene dispersions and processes for their preparation by emulsifying molten alkyldiketenes in water in the presence of cationic starch and an anionic dispersant as a stabilizer under the action of shear forces are known, cf. for example TJS-A-3, 223, 544.
  • WO-A-94/05855 discloses paper sizing mixtures which can be obtained by mixing an aqueous suspension of a digested cationic starch with finely divided, aqueous polymer dispersions which are sizing agents for paper and emulsifying alkyldiketenes in this mixture at temperatures of at least 70 ° C.
  • WO-A-96/31650 discloses mixtures of paper sizes from aqueous dispersions of alkyldiketenes and finely divided, aqueous polymer dispersions which are a size for paper.
  • the alkyldiketenes are emulsified in water in the presence of cationic starch with an amylopectin content of at least 95% by weight as a stabilizer.
  • the polymer dispersions are prepared, for example, by copolymerizing (a) styrene, acrylonitrile and / or methacrylonitrile, (b) acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid esters of monohydric saturated C3 to C8 alcohols and optionally (c) other monoethylenically unsaturated monomers in the presence of Free-radical initiators are produced in the manner of an emulsion polymerization in an aqueous solution of a degraded starch as a protective colloid.
  • WO-A-00/23651 discloses aqueous, anionically sized sizing agent dispersions which are used, for example, by dispersing alkyldiketenes in the presence of anionic ones Dispersants are available as the sole stabilizer in water.
  • the particle sizes of the alkyldiketenes in the known aqueous alkyldiketene dispersions are, for example, 0.5 to 5 ⁇ .
  • mini emulsions The production of mini emulsions is also known. This includes particularly finely divided emulsions of hydrophobic monomers in water.
  • the particle size of the monomers emulsified in the aqueous phase is in the nanometer range, e.g. at 5 to 500 ⁇ m.
  • a surface-active agent such as sodium dodecyl sulfate and a hydrophobic constituent such as hexadecane or olive oil is subjected to ultrasound for homogenization.
  • miniemulsions of styrene and hydrophobic in water are obtained with an average particle diameter of the emulsified oil phase of, for example, 78 to 102 nm, cf. K. Landfester, Macromol. Rapid Commun. Vol. 22, 896-936 (2001).
  • These emulsions can ideally be polymerized to polymer latices while maintaining the particle size of the emulsified monomer droplets.
  • mini-emulsion polymerization it is possible to incorporate water-insoluble compounds such as alkyd resins or pigments into the latices that are formed.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide improved size dispersions based on alkyldiketenes compared to the prior art.
  • the adhesion of toners to papers that have been sized with such dispersions is to be improved.
  • aqueous polymer dispersions containing alkyldiketenes which can be obtained by mini-emulsion polymerization of hydrophobic monoethylenically unsaturated monomers in the presence of alkyldiketenes.
  • Such polymer dispersions can be obtained by emulsifying an organic phase
  • a surface-active agent in an aqueous phase using mechanical emulsification processes to form a miniemulsion with a particle size of the emulsified organic phase of at most 500 nm, with at least at least one of the two phases additionally contains a polymerization initiator which forms free radicals or a polymerization initiator is added to the miniemulsion, and polymerizing the monomers of the miniemulsion.
  • the invention also relates to a process for the preparation of aqueous polymer dispersions containing alkyldiketenes, the mini-emulsion polymerization of hydrophobic monomers being carried out in the presence of alkyldiketenes.
  • aqueous polymer dispersions containing alkyldiketenes the mini-emulsion polymerization of hydrophobic monomers being carried out in the presence of alkyldiketenes.
  • an organic phase for example, in such a way that an organic phase
  • a surface-active agent in an aqueous phase using mechanical emulsification methods to form a miniemulsion with a particle size of the emulsified organic phase of at most 500 nm, wherein at least one of the two phases additionally contains a radical-forming polymerization initiator or an emulsification Polymerization initiator is added to the miniemulsion, and the monomers of the miniemulsion are then polymerized.
  • the preferred polymer dispersions according to the invention can be obtained by using an organic phase which consists of a solution, a binary or polynary mixture and / or a dispersion which
  • At least one C ⁇ - to C -Al yldiketen at least one monomer from the group styrene, methyl styrene,
  • aqueous phase contains, emulsified in the aqueous phase to form a miniemulsion and then subjected to polymerization conditions to polymerize the monomers emulsified therein.
  • aqueous diketenes are particularly preferred Dispersions in the manufacture of which the organic phase is based on a solution which
  • aqueous polymer dispersions containing alkyldiketenes in the preparation of which a solution is used as the organic phase
  • aqueous polymer dispersions containing alkyldiketenes the preparation of which is based on an organic phase which additionally contains hydrophilic monomers in such an amount that the resulting copolymers er in water at a temperature of 20 ° C. and a pH of 2 a solution - Ability of at most 100 g / 1, preferably at most 50 g / 1, particularly preferably at most 10 g / 1 and in particular at most 1 g / 1.
  • the hydrophilic monomers used are, for example, at least one compound from the group of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, acrylamide, methacrylamide, N-vinylformamide, vinyl ether, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, vinylsulfonic acid, styrene sulfonic acid , Sulfopropyl acrylate, sulfopropyl methacrylate and / or maleic anhydride.
  • Hydrophilic monomers which are preferably used are acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylamide and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid.
  • Polymer dispersions according to the invention are also those which are obtainable by mini-emulsion polymerization of hydrophobic monoethylenically unsaturated monomers, optionally in the presence of at least one water-soluble and / or water-swellable polysaccharide.
  • Aqueous polymer dispersions containing such alkyldiketenes can be obtained by mixing the miniemulsion with an aqueous solution which contains at least one water-soluble and / or water-swellable polysaccharide and polymerizing the monomers of the miniemulsion in the presence of the water-soluble and / or water-swellable polysaccharide.
  • Alkyldiketenes are known compounds. They are produced, for example, from carboxylic acid chlorides by elimination of hydrogen chloride with tertiary amines. C ⁇ - to C 22 -A lky_-cLiketenes are described, for example, in WO-A-96/31650, page 3, lines 31 to 46, which is cited in the prior art. The alkyldiketenes can be described, for example, using the following formula:
  • R 1 CH C 0
  • substituents R 1 and R 2 are C - to C 2 o-alkyl.
  • Stearyl dikets, palmityldikets and behenyl dikets are of particular technical interest.
  • the miniemulsion polymerization is, for example, in the Macromol reference mentioned at the beginning. Rapid Commun. , Vol. 22, 896 to 933 (2001).
  • the essential feature of this polymerization process is that an organic phase is distributed particularly finely in an aqueous phase which contains a surface-active agent for stabilizing the emulsion.
  • the average particle diameter of the particles emulsified in the aqueous phase is, for example, in the range from 50 to 500 nm, preferably 50 to 200 nm and in particular 50 to 100 nm.
  • the average particle diameter of the particles emulsified in the aqueous phase can also be smaller than 100 nm, but not less than 10 nm.
  • the particle size of the emulsified particles or droplets ideally does not change during the polymerization, so that the average particle size of the polymers which are present in the aqueous polymer dispersions is also in the range specified for the emulsified organic phase.
  • an emulsion polymerization is also observed in practice as a competitive reaction.
  • the molar masses of the polymers are similar to those in the emulsion polymerization in the range from 0.3 to 10 million Daltons.
  • Such small particle sizes of at most 500 nm can be achieved if the organic phase used to prepare the emulsion is emulsified using mechanical emulsification processes. Such methods are known.
  • the apparatus used is, for example, high-pressure homogenizers, ultrasound-generating devices, microfluidizers, rotor-stator apparatuses, Taylor reactors, Cuette cells, jet nozzles and apparatuses working with membrane technology.
  • the essential principle of these devices is based on the fact that high shear fields are built up in them at short notice.
  • the organic phase is preferably emulsified in the aqueous phase with the aid of ultrasound-producing devices or with the aid of high-pressure homogenizers.
  • Suitable hydrophobic monoethylenically unsaturated monomers which can be polymerized in the manner of a miniemulsion polymerization are, for example, monomers from the group consisting of styrene, methylstyrene, C 2 -C 28 -01efins, esters of monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids having 3 to 5 C atoms and monohydric alcohols 1 to 22 carbon atoms, vinyl esters of C ⁇ ⁇ to C 22 - carboxylic acids, preferably from C ⁇ ⁇ to Ci 8 ⁇ carboxylic acids, vinyl ethers of C ⁇ ⁇ to C 3 o-alcohols, C ⁇ ⁇ to C 22 alkyl acrylates, acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile.
  • Monomers from this group which are preferably used are styrene, methyl methacrylate, n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, tert. -Butyl acrylate and acrylonitrile or mixtures of these monomers.
  • the hydrophobic monomers can optionally be used together with small amounts of hydrophilic monomers to modify the properties of the resulting minipolymer dispersions.
  • the hydrophilic monomers are used at most in an amount such that the copolymers formed in water at a temperature of 20 ° C. and a pH of 2 have a solubility of at most 50 g / 1, preferably at most 10 g / 1, in particular Have 1 g / 1.
  • Suitable hydrophilic compounds belong, for example, to the group of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids with 3 to 5 carbon atoms, acrylamide, methacrylamide, N-vinylformamide, N-vinylpyrrolidone, N-vinylimidazole, vinyl ether, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, vinyl sulfone acid, styrene sulfonic acid, sulfopropyl acrylate, sulfopropyl methacrylate, fumaric acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid and / or maleic anhydride.
  • Preferred hydrophilic monomers are, for example, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfon- acid, vinyl sulfonic acid, maleic anhydride and / or maleic acid.
  • the hydrophobic monomers can also optionally be used together with compounds which contain at least two ethylenically unsaturated double bonds, e.g. Divinylbenzene, butadiene, butanediol diacrylate, butanediol dimethacrylate, pentaerythritol triallyl ether, methylene bisacrylamide, hexanediol diethacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, diallyl ether, triallylamine and / or allyl acrylate. These compounds are known to be used as crosslinkers in polymerization reactions.
  • crosslinking agents are also used, the amount of crosslinking agent is, for example, 0.001 to 15, preferably 0.001 to 10% by weight, particularly preferably 0.01 to 3% by weight and in particular 0.01 to 1% by weight, based on the monomers used.
  • the crosslinkers can be metered into the aqueous or organic phase all at once, in portions or in the feed mode. They can also be added to the miniemulsion during production, before or during the polymerization.
  • a further variation in the properties of the polymers can be achieved by carrying out the miniemulsion polymerization in the presence of regulators.
  • at least one regulator at a time, in portions or in the feed mode is preferably added to the organic phase before the emulsification or to the mini-emulsion at the start of the polymerization or during the polymerization.
  • the amounts are, for example, 0.01 to 10, preferably 0.1 to 2,% by weight, based on the monomers used.
  • a non-polymerizable hydrophobic compound for example a hydrocarbon, an alcohol having 10 to 24 carbon atoms, hydrophobic polymers with molecular weights Mw ⁇ 10000, tetraalkylsilanes and / or mixtures are used in the preparation of these emulsions of the connections mentioned.
  • stabilizers are hexadecane, olive oil, polystyrene with a molecular weight Mw of 500 to 5000, siloxanes with a molecular weight Mw of 500 to 5000, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, palmityl alcohol and / or behenyl alcohol.
  • the organic phase which is emulsified in the aqueous phase for the preparation of the mini-emulsions contains, for example, 45 to 95, preferably 60 to 80% by weight of at least one hydrophobic monomer and optionally other monomers and 1 to 50% by weight, preferably 5 to 40% by weight, particularly preferably 10 to 30% by weight, of at least one alkyl diketene.
  • the organic phase can contain 1 to 10% by weight, preferably 2 to 5% by weight, of a non-polymerizable hydrophobic compound or a water-insoluble monomer.
  • the aqueous phase which is used to prepare the mini-emulsions consists of water and optionally contains a surface-active agent which stabilizes the finely divided monomer droplets formed in the aqueous phase when the organic phase is emulsion.
  • the surface-active agent is, for example, in amounts of 0.05 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.05 to 5% by weight, particularly preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight and in particular 0.1 to 1% by weight. % present in the aqueous phase, the organic phase or in both phases. It is preferably added to the aqueous phase before emulsification.
  • all surfactants can be used.
  • Anionic compounds are preferred surfactants.
  • Suitable surface-active agents are sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium hexadecyl sulfate, sodium diisooctyl sulfosuccinate and / or addition products of 15 to 50 moles of ethylene oxide with 1 mole of a C ⁇ 2 to C 2 2 alcohol.
  • the organic phase consists of a solution, a binary or polynary mixture and / or a dispersion
  • the polymerization can also be carried out in the presence of at least one polysaccharide.
  • the polysaccharides in question are water-soluble or water-swellable. They are described, for example, in Römpp, Chemistry Lexicon 9th Edition, Volume 5, page 3569 or in Houben-Weyl, Methods of Organic Chemistry, 4th Edition, Volume 14/2 Chapter IV Conversion of Cellulose and Starch by E. Husemann and R. Werner pages 862 - 915 and in Ulimann's Encyclopedia for Industrial Chemistry, 6th edition, volume 28, pages 533 ff under Polysaccharides.
  • starches are suitable, e.g. both amylose and amylopectin, native starches, hydrophobically or hydrophilically modified starches, anionic starches, cationically modified starches, degraded starches, the starch degradation being able to be carried out, for example, oxidatively, thermally, hydrolytically or enzymatically, and for the starch degradation as starch both native and modified starches can be used, dextrins, crosslinked, water-soluble starches which are water-swellable are described, for example, in Ullmanns Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 6th edition, volume 33, cf. Starch, pages 735 - 737.
  • Typical crosslinkers for the production of such starches are, for example, P0C1 3 , epichlorohydrin and mixed anhydrides.
  • polysaccharides are glycogens, inulins, chitins, chitosans, pectins, water-soluble cellulose derivatives such as carboxyalkyl celluloses, cellulose sulfate, cellulose phosphoric acid esters, cellulose formate and hydroxiethyl celluloses, hemicelluloses such as xylans, mannans, galactans and glyopolysaccharides, glycoprotein.
  • Anionically modified starches which have been subjected to a reduction in molecular weight are particularly preferred.
  • the molecular weight reduction of the starches is preferably carried out enzymatically.
  • the average molecular weight of the degraded starches is, for example, 500 to 100,000, preferably 1000 to 30,000.
  • the degraded starches have, for example, an intrinsic viscosity [ ⁇ ] of 0.04 to 0.5 dl / g.
  • Such starches are described, for example, in EP-B-0 257 412 and in EP-B-0 276 770.
  • the polymer dispersions containing alkyldiketenes according to the invention can be prepared in the presence of a water-soluble or water-swellable polysaccharide.
  • a water-soluble or water-swellable polysaccharide For example, it can be placed in an aqueous solution - optionally together with at least one polymerization initiator - and heated to a temperature at which the polymerization of the monomers takes place, e.g. at 50 to 100 ° C.
  • the miniemulsion is then added to this solution so that the monomers contained in the miniemulsion polymerize.
  • the miniemulsion is prepared in the presence of at least one water-soluble polysaccharide and the miniemulsion is then subjected to the polymerization by heating it to a temperature at which the polymerization initiators contained or subsequently added form free radicals.
  • the organic phase contains
  • a surface-active agent in an aqueous phase which contains at least one water-soluble and / or water-swellable polysaccharide using mechanical emulsifiers to form a miniemulsion with a particle size of the emulsified organic phase of at most 500 nm and then polymerized the monomers of the miniemulsion in the presence of at least one polymerization initiator.
  • the miniemulsion is preferably mixed with an aqueous solution which contains a degraded starch and polymerizes therein.
  • a method of operation in which the miniemulsion is mixed continuously or in portions with the aqueous solution of a polysaccharide and polymerized therein is particularly preferred.
  • the polymerization can be carried out, for example, in the temperature range from 0 to 130 ° C., polymerization being carried out under elevated pressure at temperatures above the boiling point of the reaction mixture, for example at pressures up to 25 bar , In most cases, the polymerization is carried out in the range from 30 to 100 ° C.
  • the procedure is, for example, to reduce the polymer dispersion to, for example, 50 to 100 ° C heated aqueous solution of a water-soluble and / or water-swellable polysaccharide, which optionally contains at least one polymerization initiator, metered the miniemulsion continuously or in portions at a rate 5 that the temperature of the reaction mixture can be controlled by removing the heat of polymerization by cooling.
  • the miniemulsion is added in accordance with the progress of the polymerization.
  • a degraded starch is preferably used as the water-soluble polysaccharide.
  • the water-soluble and / or water-swellable polysaccharides are in the aqueous polymer dispersions containing alkyldiketenes according to the invention in amounts of, for example, 10 to 100, preferably 10 to 50% by weight, particularly preferably 15 to
  • the dispersions according to the invention have a polymer content of preferably 20 to 60, in particular 20 to 40% by weight and contain 1 to 50% by weight, preferably 5 to 50% by weight, of at least one alkyl diketene.
  • an initiator is usually added to one of the two phases or else to both phases before the organic phase is emulsified into the aqueous phase.
  • initiators which dissolve in the organic phase e.g. Lauroyl.
  • the choice of initiators depends on the optimal polymerization temperature. However, the addition of initiators to the aqueous phase is preferred. As a rule, water-soluble starters are used for this, e.g.
  • hydrogen peroxide or redox systems preferably of hydrogen peroxide and a reducing agent such as ascorbic acid, iso-ascorbic acid, acetone bisulfite adducts or sodium sulfite.
  • a reducing agent such as ascorbic acid, iso-ascorbic acid, acetone bisulfite adducts or sodium sulfite.
  • the amount of initiators which is used in each of the two or in both phases is, for example, 0.05 to
  • the particle size of the dispersed polymers and the dispersed alkyldiketenes in the dispersions according to the invention is
  • the particle size of the dispersed polymers and the dispersed alkyldiketenes in the dispersions according to the invention can also be less than 100 nm, but not less than 10 nm.
  • the dispersions containing alkyldiketenes according to the invention are used as sizing agents for paper, as water repellents for leather, natural and / or synthetic fibers and textiles. They can be used both for the mass sizing of paper and for the surface sizing of paper.
  • the process chemicals customary in paper production such as strengthening agents, retention aids, drainage agents, biocides or dyes, can be used in each case.
  • all types of paper and paper products such as cardboard can be glued.
  • the preferred area of use for the dispersions according to the invention is the surface sizing of paper and paper products.
  • the papers glued with them have the advantage over the papers glued with conventional alkyldiketene dispersions alone that they have excellent adhesion to toners on papers which are used for the production of copies in copiers. Since toners adhere well to these papers, the papers can also be used with advantage in laser printers.
  • the dispersed polymers and dispersed alkyldiketenes can occur in the polymer dispersions according to the invention in a wide variety of morphologies (FIG. 1, white: polymer, black: phase containing alkyldiketene).
  • the dispersed particles can also have interacted with one another.
  • Complete dissolution of the polymer in the phase containing alkyl diketene or vice versa is also possible (FIG. 1c).
  • a diene structure is also conceivable in which one of the two phases, that is to say a phase containing polymer or alkyldiketene, is present as a continuous phase, and particles of the other phase as a domain therein (FIG. 1d).
  • the degree of sizing was determined in accordance with Cobb 60 in accordance with DIN EN 20 535.
  • the HST value was determined in accordance with the Hercules Sizing Test in accordance with Tappi standard T 530.
  • the ink floating time was carried out according to DIN 53 126 with a paper test ink blue.
  • the mean particle diameter of the dispersed particles of the polymer dispersions was determined both by Fraunhofer diffraction with a Coulter device of the type LS 230 with a small volume module, unless another device is mentioned in the examples, and by electron microscopy.
  • the Coulter measurements were basically measured in approx. 1% aqueous preparations.
  • the toner adhesion on paper was determined in accordance with DIN V EN V 12 283, the sheets to be tested being air-conditioned in accordance with DIN EN 20 187 and the picking being determined in accordance with ISO 3 783.
  • the polydispersity index was determined using the evaluation program of the Coulter 230 LS and the LD value in a 0.1% aqueous solution against water.
  • Basoplast®400 DS is a polymer sizing agent based on a polymer of styrene, n-butyl acrylate and tert. -Butyl acrylate.
  • Basoplast®2030 LC is a starch-stabilized alkyldiketene dispersion.
  • An Ink-Jet printer of the type Desk Jet 895 from Hewlett-Packard with standard cartridges was used to determine the ink-jet printability.
  • a wood-free paper with a basis weight of 60 g / m 2 was used, which was sized with the dispersions according to the invention or with the products specified in the comparative examples.
  • a print image was generated in each case, on which the spreading of the ink drops was assessed.
  • the line width of the printed image is a measure of the quality of the products used as sizing agents.
  • Example 1 was repeated with the only exception that one worked in the absence of hexadecane. A stable dispersion was also obtained. The average particle diameter of the 25 dispersed particles was ⁇ 100 nm.
  • Example 1 was repeated with the only exception that one worked in the absence of stearyl diketene. A dispersion with an average particle size of approximately 200 nm was obtained.
  • the mini-dispersions prepared according to the examples and the comparative example were each tested as a surface sizing agent.
  • a 10% solution of a potato starch in water was first prepared. This starch solution was then mixed with 2 g / l or 4 g / l, based in each case on the solids content, of a polymer dispersion prepared according to Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Example 1.
  • the dispersions thus produced were each applied to unsized, wood-free paper, which had a basis weight of 80 g / m 2, using a size press.
  • the sizing agent dispersion absorbed by the paper was approx. 60 - 62% of the sheet Klobuk.
  • the papers treated in this way were then dried, air-conditioned for 24 hours at 50% atmospheric humidity and then examined for the sizing. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • Basoplast®400 DS is a polymer sizing agent based on a polymer of styrene, n-butyl acrylate and tert. -Butyl acrylate.
  • Basoplast® 2030 LC is a mass sizing agent based on stearydiketes
  • the dispersions prepared according to Examples 1 to 6 were tested in each case as agents for improving the toner adhesion.
  • a 12% solution of a potato starch in water was first prepared. This starch solution was then mixed with 4 g / l, based in each case on the solids content, of a polymer dispersion prepared according to Examples 1 to 6 and mixed.
  • the preparations (dispersions) thus produced were each applied to a weakly sized, wood-free paper which had a basis weight of 80 g / m 2 and a Cobb60 of 31 g / m 2 using a size press.
  • the amount of tape medium dispersion was about 50-55% of the leaf weight.
  • the papers treated in this way were then dried, air-conditioned for 24 hours at 50% atmospheric humidity and then examined for toner adhesion. The results are shown in Table 3. 5
  • High pressure homogenizer emulsified at room temperature. This emulsion was stored at RT for 24 h and then used for the polymerization. The drop size of the miniemulsion was 146 nm (average diameter) measured with a Coulter N4 Plus device.
  • the polydispersity index was 0.2.
  • the LD value was determined to be 86.6%.
  • the drop size of the miniemulsion was 170 nm (average diameter).
  • the polydispersity index was 0.14, the LD value was determined to be 45.6%.
  • Example 30 was repeated with the only exception that the miniemulsion contained no alkyl ketene dimer. A stable dispersion was also obtained with a particle size of the dispersed particles of 152 nm and a solids content of 19.5%. The residual styrene content was ⁇ 500 ppm.
  • the mini-dispersions produced according to Examples 29 and 30 were tested as surface sizing agents and as mass sizing agents and compared with commercially available products (Basoplast 400 DS and 2030 LC).
  • Basoplast 400 DS and 2030 LC commercially available products
  • the ink-jet printability of papers which had been sized with the mini-dispersions according to the invention and with the commercially available sizing agents mentioned was tested.
  • the starch solution according to Comparative Example 12 was then mixed with the amounts of the commercially available sizing agents Basoplast® 400 DS and Basoplast® 2030 LC, each based on the solids content, given in Tables 4 and 5.
  • the sizing effect of the 1 mixtures obtained in this way was then determined in each case by applying them to two different wood-free papers with a basis weight of 60 and 8.0 g / m 2 using a size press.
  • the sizing agent dispersion absorbed by the paper was approx. 60-62% of the sheet weight.
  • the papers treated in this way were then air-conditioned for 24 hours at 50% atmospheric humidity and then examined for the sizing. The results are shown in Tables 4 and 5.
  • the starch solution according to Comparative Example 12 was mixed with the amounts given in Tables 4 and 5, based in each case on the solids content, of the polymer dispersions prepared according to Examples 29 and 30 and Comparative Example 11.
  • the dispersions thus produced were each applied to two different wood-free papers with basis weights of 60 and 80 g / m 2 using a size press.
  • the sizing agent dispersion absorbed by the paper was approx. 60-62% of the sheet weight.
  • the papers treated in this way were then air-conditioned for 24 hours at 50% atmospheric humidity and then examined for the sizing. The results are shown in Tables 4 and 5.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
  • Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
  • Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des dispersions polymères aqueuses contenant des alkyldicétènes, obtenues par polymérisation en mini-émulsion de monomères hydrophobes insaturés monoéthyléniquement, en présence d'alkyldicétènes. L'invention concerne également des procédés permettant de produire de telles dispersions polymères et l'utilisation des dispersions ainsi obtenues, comme produits d'encollage pour papier, comme agents imperméabilisants pour cuirs, fibres naturelles et/ou synthétiques et textiles.
EP03809272A 2002-10-18 2003-10-09 Dispersions polymeres aqueuses contenant des alkyldicetenes, procedes permettant de les produire et utilisation correspondante Ceased EP1556416A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10248879A DE10248879A1 (de) 2002-10-18 2002-10-18 Alkyldiketene enthaltende wässrige Polymerdispersionen, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung
DE10248879 2002-10-18
PCT/EP2003/011145 WO2004037867A1 (fr) 2002-10-18 2003-10-09 Dispersions polymeres aqueuses contenant des alkyldicetenes, procedes permettant de les produire et utilisation correspondante

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EP1556416A1 true EP1556416A1 (fr) 2005-07-27

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US (1) US7709052B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1556416A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4314196B2 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003276081A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2502226A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10248879A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004037867A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

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WO2005087816A1 (fr) * 2004-03-12 2005-09-22 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Dispersions polymeres aqueuses contenant des substances d'effet, procede de preparation et utilisation desdites dispersions

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DE102004003261A1 (de) * 2004-01-21 2005-08-18 Basf Ag Alkenylbernsteinsäureanhydride enthaltende wässrige Polymerdispersionen, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung
ES2715977T3 (es) * 2005-03-10 2019-06-07 Basf Se Procedimiento para la fabricación de dispersiones acuosas de polímero agroquímicas y su uso
US20080146448A1 (en) * 2005-03-10 2008-06-19 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Aqueous Polymer Dispersions Comprising Effect Substances, Processes For Preparing Them And Their Use
DE102005062027A1 (de) * 2005-12-22 2007-06-28 Basf Ag Wässrige Dispersionen von Polymeren, die einen Fluoreszenzfarbstoff enthalten, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung zum Markieren von Materialien
CN101472954A (zh) 2006-06-20 2009-07-01 巴斯夫欧洲公司 制备包含至少一种亲油性活性物质的聚合物水分散体的方法及其用途
JP2010513734A (ja) * 2006-12-20 2010-04-30 ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア 製紙用サイズ剤混合物
WO2009074321A1 (fr) * 2007-12-12 2009-06-18 Yki, Ytkemiska Institutet Ab Activation rapide d'un précurseur d'agent tensio-actif
WO2009123324A1 (fr) * 2008-03-31 2009-10-08 Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd. Solution aqueuse de copolymère hydrosoluble à base d'acide maléique contenant un groupe sulfonique et poudre obtenue par séchage de cette solution aqueuse
ATE540080T1 (de) * 2008-07-04 2012-01-15 Basf Se Verfahren zur homogenen einarbeitung von polymerpartikeln in polymere matrices
ES2398505T3 (es) * 2008-10-14 2013-03-19 Basf Se Copolímeros con acrilatos de cadena larga
JP2013514249A (ja) 2009-12-18 2013-04-25 コンストラクション リサーチ アンド テクノロジー ゲーエムベーハー バルク材の定性的および定量的同定法
WO2021168062A1 (fr) 2020-02-21 2021-08-26 Swimc Llc Polymères antitaches, amorces, kits et procédés

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WO2000023651A1 (fr) 1998-10-16 2000-04-27 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Dispersions aqueuses d'agents d'encollage ajustees de maniere a etre anioniques ou cationiques pour l'encollage de papier
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WO2005087816A1 (fr) * 2004-03-12 2005-09-22 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Dispersions polymeres aqueuses contenant des substances d'effet, procede de preparation et utilisation desdites dispersions

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WO2004037867A1 (fr) 2004-05-06
JP2006503164A (ja) 2006-01-26
CA2502226A1 (fr) 2004-05-06
DE10248879A1 (de) 2004-04-29
JP4314196B2 (ja) 2009-08-12
US20060009571A1 (en) 2006-01-12
AU2003276081A1 (en) 2004-05-13
US7709052B2 (en) 2010-05-04

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