EP1550734A1 - Stainless steel powder for high temperature applications - Google Patents

Stainless steel powder for high temperature applications Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1550734A1
EP1550734A1 EP04027718A EP04027718A EP1550734A1 EP 1550734 A1 EP1550734 A1 EP 1550734A1 EP 04027718 A EP04027718 A EP 04027718A EP 04027718 A EP04027718 A EP 04027718A EP 1550734 A1 EP1550734 A1 EP 1550734A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight percent
compact
powder
weight
nickel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04027718A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ryan Sun
Kai Xu
Dan Matthews
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BorgWarner Inc
Original Assignee
BorgWarner Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BorgWarner Inc filed Critical BorgWarner Inc
Publication of EP1550734A1 publication Critical patent/EP1550734A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/23—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces involving a self-propagating high-temperature synthesis or reaction sintering step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
    • C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
    • C22C33/0285—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5% with Cr, Co, or Ni having a minimum content higher than 5%
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F5/02—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of piston rings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy

Definitions

  • the invention pertains to the field of metal powder. More particularly, the invention pertains to a metal powder for high temperature applications.
  • US 3,620,690 discloses a powder of 16 to 26 weight percent chromium, 6 to 22 weight percent nickel, 0.03-0.25 weight percent carbon, 1.75 to 4.0 weight percent of molybdenum, and small amounts of titanium, tantalum, and niobium.
  • the powder is then compacted under a pressure of 2 to 100 tsi and then sintered at 2192 to 2552°F for 10 to 90 minutes.
  • the sintering takes place in a reducing atmosphere (i.e. hydrogen and anhydrous or cracked ammonia), a vacuum, or an inert gas such as argon.
  • a reducing atmosphere i.e. hydrogen and anhydrous or cracked ammonia
  • a vacuum i.e. hydrogen and anhydrous or cracked ammonia
  • an inert gas such as argon
  • US 3,953,201 discloses a powder of 10.5 to 19 weight percent chromium, up to 0.0.3 weight percent carbon, up to 0.2 weight percent manganese, up to 0.2 weight percent silicon, up to 0.3 weight percent nickel, up to 0.1 weight percent aluminum, up to 0.2 weight percent copper, and at least one element from the group of titanium, and molybdenum where titanium is 4 (%C+%N) and molybdenum is 0.5-2.5 weight percent.
  • the powder was heated at various temperatures using various methods of heating to improve corrosion resistance and increase ductility.
  • US 4,220,689 discloses a powder of 13 to 19 weight percent chromium, 13 to 19 weight percent nickel, 0.5 to 4.0 weight percent manganese, 3.5 to 7.0 weight percent silicon, up to 0.15 weight percent carbon, less than 0.04 weight percent nickel, 0.05 weight percent phosphorus, and 0.05 weight percent sulfur.
  • the balance between the elements silicon, chromium, nickel manganese, and nitrogen is essential for the desired properties of stress corrosion resistance, high temperature oxidation resistance, high work hardening rate, and galling resistance.
  • US 5,302,214 discloses up to 0.03 weight percent carbon, 0.1-0.8 weight percent silicon, 0.6 to 2.0 weight percent manganese, 0-0.006 weight percent sulfur, up to 4.0 weight percent nickel, 17 to 25 weight percent chromium, 0.2 to 0.8 weight percent niobium, 1 to 4.5 weight percent molybdenum, 0.1 to 2.5 weight percent copper, up to 0.03 weight percent nitrogen, and other elements. Furthermore, the ratio between the weight percent of manganese and sulfur is no less than 200, and niobium is defined by Nb% -8 (C%+N%) is not less than 0.2, and (Ni%+Cu%) is not more than 4.
  • the powder has an improved low temperature toughness and a high resistance to weld cracking at high temperatures.
  • US 5,110,544 discloses a powder of not more than 0.010 weight percent carbon, not more than 0.2 weight percent silicon, 0.05 to 1.5 weight percent manganese, 12-20 weight percent chromium, 0.2 to 3.0 weight percent molybdenum, 0.005-0.1 weight percent aluminum, not more than 0.015 weight percent nitrogen, not more than 0.025 weight percent phosphorus, not more than 0.010 weight percent sulfur, either or both of 10*(C %+N %)-0.5% Ti and 5 *(C %+N %) 0.5% Nb.
  • the powder displays anticorrosion properties.
  • US 6,342,087 discloses a process for producing low oxygen, essentially carbon free stainless steel powder which is produced by preparing molten steel in which contains 10 to 30 weight percent chromium, 0 to 5 weight percent molybdenum, 0 to 15 weight percent nickel, 0 to 1.5 weight percent silicon, 0 to 1.5 weight percent manganese, 0 to 2 weight percent niobium, 0 to 2 weight percent titanium, and 0 to 2 weight percent vanadium.
  • the powder is heated to a temperature of at least 1120°C in a reducing atmosphere.
  • US 6,365,095 discloses a powder including 10 to 30 weight percent of chromium, 0 to 5 weight percent of molybdenum, 0 to 15 weight percent of nickel, 0 to 0.5 weight percent of silicon, 0 to 1.5 weight percent of manganese, 0 to 2 weight percent of niobium, 0 to 2 weight percent of titanium, 0 to 2 weight percent of vanadium, 0 to 5 weight percent of Fe.sub.3 P, 0 to 0.4 weight percent graphite and at most 0.3 weight percent of inevitable impurities and most preferably 10 to 20 weight percent of chromium, 0 to 3 weight percent of molybdenum, 0.1 to 0.3 weight percent of silicon, 0.1 to 0.4 weight percent of manganese, 0 to 0.5 weight percent of niobium, 0 to 0.5 weight percent of titanium, 0 to 0.5 weight percent of vanadium, 0 to 0.2 weight percent of graphite and essentially no nickel or alternatively 7 to 10 weight percent of nickel, the balance being iron and un
  • the powder is then combined with a lubricant and optionally a binding agent and heated to a temperature of 80 to 150°C., preferably 100 to 120°C.
  • the heated mixture is then compacted in a tool heated to 80 to 130°C, preferably 100 to 120°C.
  • the compact is sintered at temperatures between 1100 to 1300°C in a standard non-oxidative atmosphere for periods between 15 and 90, preferably between 20 and 60 minutes.
  • a method of producing parts from powdered metal comprising the steps of providing a metallurgic powder comprising iron, 0-0.6 weight percent carbon, 0.5-5.0 weight percent silicon, 0.5-6.0 weight percent nickel, 0.5-1.5 weight percent molybdenum, 0-0.7 weight percent manganese, and 12-20 weight percent chromium, the weight percentages calculated based on the total weight of the powder. Secondly, the powders are compressed at a pressure of 35 to 65 tsi to provide a green compact. Then, the compact is heated in an atmosphere to a temperature of 2100°F to 2400°F for 20 to 90 minutes, such that the resulting microstructure of the compact is either single phase ferritic or dual phase ferritic and austenitic.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram that shows the method of producing metal parts.
  • a mixture of metallurgical powder consisting of iron, 0-0.6 weight percent carbon, 12-20 weight percent chromium, 0.5-6.0 weight percent nickel, 0.5-1.5 weight percent molybdenum, 0-0.7 weight percent manganese, and 0.5-5.0 weight percent silicon is combined, see Table 1.
  • Fe C Si Ni Mo Mn Cr New Powder Balance 0-0.6 0.5-5.0 0.5-6.0 0.5-1.5 0-0.7 12-20
  • the mixture of powders is compacted with a compaction pressure in the range of 35 to 65 tsi, resulting in a compact with a green density of 6.0 to7.0g/cc.
  • the green compact is then sintered in a H 2 , N 2 /H 2 , or a vacuum atmosphere at a temperature in the range of 2100°F to 2400°F for 20 to 90 minutes.
  • the resulting microstructure is either dual phase Ferritic and Austinic or single phase Ferritic.
  • the duplex microstructure gives the compact a higher corrosion resistance due to the lower impurity concentration level on grain boundaries.
  • the compact also has high hot tensile strength due to the smaller grain size and the increased difficulty of dislocation motion through grain boundaries. For example, the tensile strength of the compact at 1200°F is up to 28 ksi and the tensile strength of the same compact at room temperature is up to 115 ksi.
  • the application required a finished material that would be formed into vane rings and used in a variable turbine geometry (VTG) turbocharger.
  • VGT variable turbine geometry
  • Numerous design considerations were taken into account for the formation of the vane rings.
  • the vane rings had to perform at elevated temperatures in the range of 1000°F to 1600°F and include hardness/wear resistance, ultimate tensile strength, and a decreased amount of elongation at the elevated temperatures. Since the vane rings are attached to a housing and act as bearing surfaces for the movement of the vanes and the vane levers in the turbocharger, the vane rings have to allow for free movement of the vanes while still controlling the position of the vanes accurately over the life of the turbocharger.
  • the stainless steel powder composition to make the vane rings consisted of iron, 14 weight percent chromium, 4 weight percent nickel, 3 weight percent silicon, and 0.5 weight percent molybdenum. The mixture was then pressed at a compaction pressure of 50 tsi and then sintered in a hydrogen atmosphere at 2350°F for 40 minutes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
EP04027718A 2003-12-11 2004-11-23 Stainless steel powder for high temperature applications Withdrawn EP1550734A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US733193 2003-12-11
US10/733,193 US20050129563A1 (en) 2003-12-11 2003-12-11 Stainless steel powder for high temperature applications

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1550734A1 true EP1550734A1 (en) 2005-07-06

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Family Applications (1)

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EP04027718A Withdrawn EP1550734A1 (en) 2003-12-11 2004-11-23 Stainless steel powder for high temperature applications

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20050129563A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP1550734A1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2005171382A (zh)
KR (1) KR20050058215A (zh)
CN (1) CN1626298A (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010035293A1 (de) * 2010-08-25 2012-03-01 Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Formteil und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben

Families Citing this family (13)

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US9291039B2 (en) * 2009-09-10 2016-03-22 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Scintered powder metal shaped charges
US8287403B2 (en) * 2009-10-13 2012-10-16 O-Ta Precision Industry Co., Ltd. Iron-based alloy for a golf club head
KR101104678B1 (ko) * 2010-01-05 2012-01-13 한국기계연구원 미세부품의 제조방법
CN101966591A (zh) * 2010-09-09 2011-02-09 东北大学 高氮不锈钢粉末的一步操作生产法
US10975718B2 (en) 2013-02-12 2021-04-13 Garrett Transportation I Inc Stainless steel alloys, turbocharger turbine housings formed from the stainless steel alloys, and methods for manufacturing the same
CN105537579A (zh) * 2015-12-24 2016-05-04 宁波天阁汽车零部件有限公司 一种涡轮增压器耐高温涡轮壳体及其制备方法
KR20230090376A (ko) * 2016-11-01 2023-06-21 더 나노스틸 컴퍼니, 인코포레이티드 분말 층 융합용 3ｄ 인쇄 가능한 경질 철계 금속 합금
US10953465B2 (en) 2016-11-01 2021-03-23 The Nanosteel Company, Inc. 3D printable hard ferrous metallic alloys for powder bed fusion
DK3333275T3 (da) * 2016-12-07 2021-02-08 Hoeganaes Ab Publ Rustfrit stålpulver til fremstilling af rustfrit duplex-sinterstål
US10844465B2 (en) * 2017-08-09 2020-11-24 Garrett Transportation I Inc. Stainless steel alloys and turbocharger kinematic components formed from stainless steel alloys
CN108546889B (zh) * 2018-05-11 2020-09-08 飞亚达（集团）股份有限公司 一种不锈钢材料及其制备方法
KR102202390B1 (ko) * 2018-12-13 2021-01-13 한국표준과학연구원 가스 처리로부터 개질된 내수소취화 스테인레스 분말결합체 및 이를 위한 스테인레스 분말
KR20210107289A (ko) 2020-02-24 2021-09-01 현대자동차주식회사 스테인리스강 분말 및 이를 포함하는 분말야금용 분말 조성물과 그 제조방법

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US4544420A (en) * 1983-03-01 1985-10-01 Electralloy Corporation Wrought alloy body and method
US6342087B1 (en) * 1997-06-17 2002-01-29 Höganäs Ab Stainless steel powder
US6365095B1 (en) * 1998-09-18 2002-04-02 Höganäs Ab Warm compaction of steel powders

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3620690A (en) * 1968-07-10 1971-11-16 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Sintered austenitic-ferritic chromium-nickel steel alloy
DE3207276A1 (de) * 1981-03-16 1982-10-07 BBC Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie., 5401 Baden, Aargau Turbinenschaufelwerkstoff hoher festigkeit gegen korrosionsermuedung, verfahren zu dessen herstellung und seine verwendung
US4544420A (en) * 1983-03-01 1985-10-01 Electralloy Corporation Wrought alloy body and method
US6342087B1 (en) * 1997-06-17 2002-01-29 Höganäs Ab Stainless steel powder
US6365095B1 (en) * 1998-09-18 2002-04-02 Höganäs Ab Warm compaction of steel powders

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010035293A1 (de) * 2010-08-25 2012-03-01 Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Formteil und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1626298A (zh) 2005-06-15
US20050129563A1 (en) 2005-06-16
KR20050058215A (ko) 2005-06-16
JP2005171382A (ja) 2005-06-30

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