US20050129563A1 - Stainless steel powder for high temperature applications - Google Patents

Stainless steel powder for high temperature applications Download PDF

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Publication number
US20050129563A1
US20050129563A1 US10/733,193 US73319303A US2005129563A1 US 20050129563 A1 US20050129563 A1 US 20050129563A1 US 73319303 A US73319303 A US 73319303A US 2005129563 A1 US2005129563 A1 US 2005129563A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
weight percent
compact
powder
weight
nickel
Prior art date
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Abandoned
Application number
US10/733,193
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English (en)
Inventor
Ryan Sun
Kai Xu
Dan Matthews
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BorgWarner Inc
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BorgWarner Inc
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Publication date
Application filed by BorgWarner Inc filed Critical BorgWarner Inc
Priority to US10/733,193 priority Critical patent/US20050129563A1/en
Assigned to BORGWARNER INC. reassignment BORGWARNER INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MATTHEWS, DAN, SUN, RYAN, XU, KAI
Priority to JP2004332799A priority patent/JP2005171382A/ja
Priority to EP04027718A priority patent/EP1550734A1/en
Priority to CNA2004101006459A priority patent/CN1626298A/zh
Priority to KR1020040104051A priority patent/KR20050058215A/ko
Publication of US20050129563A1 publication Critical patent/US20050129563A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/23—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces involving a self-propagating high-temperature synthesis or reaction sintering step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
    • C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
    • C22C33/0285—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5% with Cr, Co, or Ni having a minimum content higher than 5%
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F5/02—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of piston rings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy

Definitions

  • the invention pertains to the field of metal powder. More particularly, the invention pertains to a metal powder for high temperature applications.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 3,953,201 discloses a powder of 10.5 to 19 weight percent chromium, up to 0.0.3 weight percent carbon, up to 0.2 weight percent manganese, up to 0.2 weight percent silicon, up to 0.3 weight percent nickel, up to 0.1 weight percent aluminum, up to 0.2 weight percent copper, and at least one element from the group of titanium, and molybdenum where titanium is 4 (% C+% N) and molybdenum is 0.5-2.5 weight percent.
  • the powder was heated at various temperatures using various methods of heating to improve corrosion resistance and increase ductility.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,220,689 discloses a powder of 13 to 19 weight percent chromium, 13 to 19 weight percent nickel, 0.5 to 4.0 weight percent manganese, 3.5 to 7.0 weight percent silicon, up to 0.15 weight percent carbon, less than 0.04 weight percent nickel, 0.05 weight percent phosphorus, and 0.05 weight percent sulfur.
  • the balance between the elements silicon, chromium, nickel manganese, and nitrogen is essential for the desired properties of stress corrosion resistance, high temperature oxidation resistance, high work hardening rate, and galling resistance.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 5,302,214 discloses up to 0.03 weight percent carbon, 0.1-0.8 weight percent silicon, 0.6 to 2.0 weight percent manganese, 0-0.006 weight percent sulfur, up to 4.0 weight percent nickel, 17 to 25 weight percent chromium, 0.2 to 0.8 weight percent niobium, 1 to 4.5 weight percent molybdenum, 0.1 to 2.5 weight percent copper, up to 0.03 weight percent nitrogen, and other elements. Furthermore, the ratio between the weight percent of manganese and sulfur is no less than 200, and niobium is defined by Nb % ⁇ 8 (C %+N %) is not less than 0.2, and (Ni %+Cu %) is not more than 4.
  • the powder has an improved low temperature toughness and a high resistance to weld cracking at high temperatures.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 5,110,544 discloses a powder of not more than 0.010 weight percent carbon, not more than 0.2 weight percent silicon, 0.05 to 1.5 weight percent manganese, 12-20 weight percent chromium, 0.2 to 3.0 weight percent molybdenum, 0.005-0.1 weight percent aluminum, not more than 0.015 weight percent nitrogen, not more than 0.025 weight percent phosphorus, not more than 0.010 weight percent sulfur, either or both of 10*(C %+N %) ⁇ 0.5% Ti and 5*(C %+N %) 0.5% Nb.
  • the powder displays anticorrosion properties.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 6,342,087 discloses a process for producing low oxygen, essentially carbon free stainless steel powder which is produced by preparing molten steel in which contains 10 to 30 weight percent chromium, 0 to 5 weight percent molybdenum, 0 to 15 weight percent nickel, 0 to 1.5 weight percent silicon, 0 to 1.5 weight percent manganese, 0 to 2 weight percent niobium, 0 to 2 weight percent titanium, and 0 to 2 weight percent vanadium. The powder is heated to a temperature of at least 1120° C. in a reducing atmosphere.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 6,365,095 discloses a powder including 10 to 30 weight percent of chromium, 0 to 5 weight percent of molybdenum, 0 to 15 weight percent of nickel, 0 to 0.5 weight percent of silicon, 0 to 1.5 weight percent of manganese, 0 to 2 weight percent of niobium, 0 to 2 weight percent of titanium, 0 to 2 weight percent of vanadium, 0 to 5 weight percent of Fe.sub.3 P, 0 to 0.4 weight percent graphite and at most 0.3 weight percent of inevitable impurities and most preferably 10 to 20 weight percent of chromium, 0 to 3 weight percent of molybdenum, 0.1 to 0.3 weight percent of silicon, 0.1 to 0.4 weight percent of manganese, 0 to 0.5 weight percent of niobium, 0 to 0.5 weight percent of titanium, 0 to 0.5 weight percent of vanadium, 0 to 0.2 weight percent of graphite and essentially no nickel or alternatively 7 to 10 weight percent of nickel
  • the powder is then combined with a lubricant and optionally a binding agent and heated to a temperature of 80 to 150° C., preferably 100 to 120° C.
  • the heated mixture is then compacted in a tool heated to 80 to 130° C., preferably 100 to 120° C.
  • the compact is sintered at temperatures between 1100 to 1300° C. in a standard non-oxidative atmosphere for periods between 15 and 90, preferably between 20 and 60 minutes.
  • a method of producing parts from powdered metal comprising the steps of providing a metallurgic powder comprising iron, 0-0.6 weight percent carbon, 0.5-5.0 weight percent silicon, 0.5-6.0 weight percent nickel, 0.5-1.5 weight percent molybdenum, 0-0.7 weight percent manganese, and 12-20 weight percent chromium, the weight percentages calculated based on the total weight of the powder. Secondly, the powders are compressed at a pressure of 35 to 65 tsi to provide a green compact. Then, the compact is heated in an atmosphere to a temperature of 2100° F. to 2400° F. for 20 to 90 minutes, such that the resulting microstructure of the compact is either single phase ferritic or dual phase ferritic and austenitic.
  • FIG. 1 shows a block diagram showing the steps of the present invention to produce metal parts from powder that has high temperature applications.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram that shows the method of producing metal parts.
  • a mixture of metallurgical powder consisting of iron, 0-0.6 weight percent carbon, 12-20 weight percent chromium, 0.5-6.0 weight percent nickel, 0.5-1.5 weight percent molybdenum, 0-0.7 weight percent manganese, and 0.5-5.0 weight percent silicon is combined, see Table 1.
  • Table 1 Fe C Si Ni Mo Mn Cr New Balance 0-0.6 0.5-5.0 0.5-6.0 0.5-1.5 0-0.7 12-20 Powder
  • the mixture of powders is compacted with a compaction pressure in the range of 35 to 65 tsi, resulting in a compact with a green density of 6.0 to 7.0 g/cc.
  • the green compact is then sintered in a H 2 , N 2 /H 2 , or a vacuum atmosphere at a temperature in the range of 2100° F. to 2400° F. for 20 to 90 minutes.
  • the resulting microstructure is either dual phase Ferritic and Austinic or single phase Ferritic.
  • the duplex microstructure gives the compact a higher corrosion resistance due to the lower impurity concentration level on grain boundaries.
  • the compact also has high hot tensile strength due to the smaller grain size and the increased difficulty of dislocation motion through grain boundaries. For example, the tensile strength of the compact at 1200° F. is up to 28 ksi and the tensile strength of the same compact at room temperature is up to 115 ksi.
  • the application required a finished material that would be formed into vane rings and used in a variable turbine geometry (VTG) turbocharger.
  • VGT variable turbine geometry
  • Numerous design considerations were taken into account for the formation of the vane rings.
  • the vane rings had to perform at elevated temperatures in the range of 1000° F. to 1600° F. and include hardness/wear resistance, ultimate tensile strength, and a decreased amount of elongation at the elevated temperatures. Since the vane rings are attached to a housing and act as bearing surfaces for the movement of the vanes and the vane levers in the turbocharger, the vane rings have to allow for free movement of the vanes while still controlling the position of the vanes accurately over the life of the turbocharger.
  • the stainless steel powder composition to make the vane rings consisted of iron, 14 weight percent chromium, 4 weight percent nickel, 3 weight percent silicon, and 0.5 weight percent molybdenum. The mixture was then pressed at a compaction pressure of 50 tsi and then sintered in a hydrogen atmosphere at 2350° F. for 40 minutes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
US10/733,193 2003-12-11 2003-12-11 Stainless steel powder for high temperature applications Abandoned US20050129563A1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/733,193 US20050129563A1 (en) 2003-12-11 2003-12-11 Stainless steel powder for high temperature applications
JP2004332799A JP2005171382A (ja) 2003-12-11 2004-11-17 粉末金属から部品を製造する方法
EP04027718A EP1550734A1 (en) 2003-12-11 2004-11-23 Stainless steel powder for high temperature applications
CNA2004101006459A CN1626298A (zh) 2003-12-11 2004-12-10 用于高温应用的不锈钢粉末
KR1020040104051A KR20050058215A (ko) 2003-12-11 2004-12-10 고온 적용용 스테인레스 스틸 분말

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/733,193 US20050129563A1 (en) 2003-12-11 2003-12-11 Stainless steel powder for high temperature applications

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US20050129563A1 true US20050129563A1 (en) 2005-06-16

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US10/733,193 Abandoned US20050129563A1 (en) 2003-12-11 2003-12-11 Stainless steel powder for high temperature applications

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US20050129563A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP1550734A1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2005171382A (zh)
KR (1) KR20050058215A (zh)
CN (1) CN1626298A (zh)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101966591A (zh) * 2010-09-09 2011-02-09 东北大学 高氮不锈钢粉末的一步操作生产法
US20110086726A1 (en) * 2009-10-13 2011-04-14 O-Ta Precision Industry Co., Ltd. Iron-based alloy for a golf club head
US10041769B2 (en) * 2009-09-10 2018-08-07 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Scintered powder metal shaped charges
US20190048441A1 (en) * 2017-08-09 2019-02-14 Honeywell International Inc. Stainless steel alloys and turbocharger kinematic components formed from stainless steel alloys
US10975718B2 (en) 2013-02-12 2021-04-13 Garrett Transportation I Inc Stainless steel alloys, turbocharger turbine housings formed from the stainless steel alloys, and methods for manufacturing the same
US12000006B2 (en) 2016-11-01 2024-06-04 Maclean-Fogg Company 3D printable hard ferrous metallic alloys for powder bed fusion

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KR101104678B1 (ko) * 2010-01-05 2012-01-13 한국기계연구원 미세부품의 제조방법
DE102010035293A1 (de) * 2010-08-25 2012-03-01 Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Formteil und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben
CN105537579A (zh) * 2015-12-24 2016-05-04 宁波天阁汽车零部件有限公司 一种涡轮增压器耐高温涡轮壳体及其制备方法
EP3535086A4 (en) * 2016-11-01 2020-06-17 The Nanosteel Company, Inc. 3D PRINTABLE HARD IRON METAL ALLOYS FOR THE POWDER BED FUSION
ES2848378T3 (es) * 2016-12-07 2021-08-09 Hoeganaes Ab Publ Polvo de acero inoxidable para producir acero inoxidable dúplex sinterizado
CN108546889B (zh) * 2018-05-11 2020-09-08 飞亚达（集团）股份有限公司 一种不锈钢材料及其制备方法
KR102202390B1 (ko) * 2018-12-13 2021-01-13 한국표준과학연구원 가스 처리로부터 개질된 내수소취화 스테인레스 분말결합체 및 이를 위한 스테인레스 분말
KR20210107289A (ko) 2020-02-24 2021-09-01 현대자동차주식회사 스테인리스강 분말 및 이를 포함하는 분말야금용 분말 조성물과 그 제조방법

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US3856515A (en) * 1971-10-26 1974-12-24 Deutsche Edelstahlwerke Gmbh Ferritic stainless steel
US3859086A (en) * 1971-12-30 1975-01-07 Int Nickel Co Method of enhancing powder compactibility
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US3953201A (en) * 1974-03-07 1976-04-27 Allegheny Ludlum Industries, Inc. Ferritic stainless steel
US3993445A (en) * 1974-11-27 1976-11-23 Allegheny Ludlum Industries, Inc. Sintered ferritic stainless steel
US4220689A (en) * 1979-01-26 1980-09-02 Armco Inc. Galling resistant austenitic stainless steel powder product
US4282291A (en) * 1976-08-30 1981-08-04 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Ductile chromium-containing ferritic alloys
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US4581202A (en) * 1984-03-12 1986-04-08 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. Sintered stainless steel and production process therefor
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US4770703A (en) * 1984-06-06 1988-09-13 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. Sintered stainless steel and production process therefor
US5110544A (en) * 1989-11-29 1992-05-05 Nippon Steel Corporation Stainless steel exhibiting excellent anticorrosion property for use in engine exhaust systems
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US5302214A (en) * 1990-03-24 1994-04-12 Nisshin Steel Co., Ltd. Heat resisting ferritic stainless steel excellent in low temperature toughness, weldability and heat resistance
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US5666634A (en) * 1993-06-02 1997-09-09 Kawasaki Steel Corporation Alloy steel powders for sintered bodies having high strength, high fatigue strength and high toughness, sintered bodies, and method for manufacturing such sintered bodies
US5856625A (en) * 1995-03-10 1999-01-05 Powdrex Limited Stainless steel powders and articles produced therefrom by powder metallurgy
US6048413A (en) * 1994-05-21 2000-04-11 Park; Yong Soo Duplex stainless steel with high corrosion resistance
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US6365095B1 (en) * 1998-09-18 2002-04-02 Höganäs Ab Warm compaction of steel powders
US20030033903A1 (en) * 2001-06-13 2003-02-20 Anders Bergkvist High density stainless steel product and method for the preparation thereof
US20030133824A1 (en) * 2001-09-21 2003-07-17 Masami Taguchi High-toughness and high-strength ferritic steel and method of producing the same

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US3585009A (en) * 1967-06-08 1971-06-15 Suwa Seikosha Kk Case for watches
US3620690A (en) * 1968-07-10 1971-11-16 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Sintered austenitic-ferritic chromium-nickel steel alloy
US3929473A (en) * 1971-03-09 1975-12-30 Du Pont Chromium, molybdenum ferritic stainless steels
US3856515A (en) * 1971-10-26 1974-12-24 Deutsche Edelstahlwerke Gmbh Ferritic stainless steel
US3859086A (en) * 1971-12-30 1975-01-07 Int Nickel Co Method of enhancing powder compactibility
US3953201A (en) * 1974-03-07 1976-04-27 Allegheny Ludlum Industries, Inc. Ferritic stainless steel
US3993445A (en) * 1974-11-27 1976-11-23 Allegheny Ludlum Industries, Inc. Sintered ferritic stainless steel
US4282291A (en) * 1976-08-30 1981-08-04 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Ductile chromium-containing ferritic alloys
US4220689A (en) * 1979-01-26 1980-09-02 Armco Inc. Galling resistant austenitic stainless steel powder product
US4544420A (en) * 1983-03-01 1985-10-01 Electralloy Corporation Wrought alloy body and method
US4581202A (en) * 1984-03-12 1986-04-08 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. Sintered stainless steel and production process therefor
US4770703A (en) * 1984-06-06 1988-09-13 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. Sintered stainless steel and production process therefor
US4678523A (en) * 1986-07-03 1987-07-07 Cabot Corporation Corrosion- and wear-resistant duplex steel
US5110544A (en) * 1989-11-29 1992-05-05 Nippon Steel Corporation Stainless steel exhibiting excellent anticorrosion property for use in engine exhaust systems
US5302214A (en) * 1990-03-24 1994-04-12 Nisshin Steel Co., Ltd. Heat resisting ferritic stainless steel excellent in low temperature toughness, weldability and heat resistance
US5284530A (en) * 1991-09-30 1994-02-08 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. Duplex stainless steel having improved corrosion resistance
US5298093A (en) * 1991-11-11 1994-03-29 Sumitomo Metal Indusries, Ltd. Duplex stainless steel having improved strength and corrosion resistance
US5429883A (en) * 1992-05-21 1995-07-04 Toshiba Kikai Kabushiki Kaisha Alloy having excellent corrosion resistance and abrasion resistance
US5666634A (en) * 1993-06-02 1997-09-09 Kawasaki Steel Corporation Alloy steel powders for sintered bodies having high strength, high fatigue strength and high toughness, sintered bodies, and method for manufacturing such sintered bodies
US5614149A (en) * 1993-07-08 1997-03-25 Nippon Yakin Kogyo Co., Ltd. Stainless steels for coins and method of producing coins of stainless steel
US6048413A (en) * 1994-05-21 2000-04-11 Park; Yong Soo Duplex stainless steel with high corrosion resistance
US5856625A (en) * 1995-03-10 1999-01-05 Powdrex Limited Stainless steel powders and articles produced therefrom by powder metallurgy
US6342087B1 (en) * 1997-06-17 2002-01-29 Höganäs Ab Stainless steel powder
US6365095B1 (en) * 1998-09-18 2002-04-02 Höganäs Ab Warm compaction of steel powders
US20030033903A1 (en) * 2001-06-13 2003-02-20 Anders Bergkvist High density stainless steel product and method for the preparation thereof
US20030133824A1 (en) * 2001-09-21 2003-07-17 Masami Taguchi High-toughness and high-strength ferritic steel and method of producing the same

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10041769B2 (en) * 2009-09-10 2018-08-07 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Scintered powder metal shaped charges
US20110086726A1 (en) * 2009-10-13 2011-04-14 O-Ta Precision Industry Co., Ltd. Iron-based alloy for a golf club head
US8287403B2 (en) * 2009-10-13 2012-10-16 O-Ta Precision Industry Co., Ltd. Iron-based alloy for a golf club head
CN101966591A (zh) * 2010-09-09 2011-02-09 东北大学 高氮不锈钢粉末的一步操作生产法
US10975718B2 (en) 2013-02-12 2021-04-13 Garrett Transportation I Inc Stainless steel alloys, turbocharger turbine housings formed from the stainless steel alloys, and methods for manufacturing the same
US12000006B2 (en) 2016-11-01 2024-06-04 Maclean-Fogg Company 3D printable hard ferrous metallic alloys for powder bed fusion
US20190048441A1 (en) * 2017-08-09 2019-02-14 Honeywell International Inc. Stainless steel alloys and turbocharger kinematic components formed from stainless steel alloys
US10844465B2 (en) * 2017-08-09 2020-11-24 Garrett Transportation I Inc. Stainless steel alloys and turbocharger kinematic components formed from stainless steel alloys

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2005171382A (ja) 2005-06-30
KR20050058215A (ko) 2005-06-16
EP1550734A1 (en) 2005-07-06
CN1626298A (zh) 2005-06-15

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