EP1549292A2 - Pharmazeutische zubereitungen, verwendung dieser zubereitung und verfahren zur erhöhung der bioverfügbarkeit von peroral zu applizierenden arzneistoffen - Google Patents
Pharmazeutische zubereitungen, verwendung dieser zubereitung und verfahren zur erhöhung der bioverfügbarkeit von peroral zu applizierenden arzneistoffenInfo
- Publication number
- EP1549292A2 EP1549292A2 EP03788929A EP03788929A EP1549292A2 EP 1549292 A2 EP1549292 A2 EP 1549292A2 EP 03788929 A EP03788929 A EP 03788929A EP 03788929 A EP03788929 A EP 03788929A EP 1549292 A2 EP1549292 A2 EP 1549292A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- estra
- pharmaceutical preparation
- preparation according
- hydroxy
- diol
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/10—Dispersions; Emulsions
- A61K9/107—Emulsions ; Emulsion preconcentrates; Micelles
- A61K9/1075—Microemulsions or submicron emulsions; Preconcentrates or solids thereof; Micelles, e.g. made of phospholipids or block copolymers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a pharmaceutical preparation which contains at least one emulsifier, at least one auxiliary emulsifier and / or solvent and at least one lipid, and to the use of the preparation according to the invention as an oral medicament and a method for increasing the bioavailability of medicaments to be administered orally.
- medicinal substance is used synonymously with active substance and / or pharmacon and includes substances which have a main pharmacological effect and those which have no main pharmacological effect.
- medicament is used synonymously with medicament and means that a pharmaceutical preparation which contains at least one medicinal substance is used for therapeutic, prophylactic and / or diagnostic purposes.
- dosage form means the form to be applied, i.e. the dosage form of the drug, which also includes those dosage forms that have to be converted into the actual dosage form before use.
- pharmaceutical preparation is used synonymously with the basic mixture, preconcentrate, formulation or active substance carrier system and contains pharmaceutical auxiliary substances which can control or support the medicinal substance effect, and possibly further basic substances, which are required for the production of pharmaceutical forms, ie dosage forms of preparations of pharmaceutical substances.
- emulsifiers, auxiliary emulsifiers, solvents and lipids are pharmaceutical auxiliaries, emulsifiers and auxiliary emulsifiers belonging to the group of surfactants, ie they have a hydrophilic and a lipophilic fraction in the molecule.
- emulsifiers as a whole are hydrophilic, ie they have an HLB (hydrophilic - lipophilic balance) value of>10;optimally> 12 on.
- Auxiliary emulsifiers which are used in the sense of the invention are lipophilic in their entirety, ie they have an HLB value of ⁇ 10; optimally ⁇ 8.
- solvents have the task of improving the solubility and self-emulsifiability of the existing phases of a formulation according to the invention.
- organic solvents advantageously alcohols, polyethylene oxide glycols (PEG) and PEG modified, for example etherified PEG (Transcutol ® P) into consideration.
- Smix surfactant mixture
- substrate means at least one intestinal enzyme and / or an intestinal efflux system that substances, in particular drugs in the intestine, interact with the respective enzyme or efflux systems in such a way that they are metabolized and / or actively from the intestinal epithelium into the intestinal lumen be removed.
- intestinal enzyme and / or intestinal efflux system stand for enzymes / efflux systems which occur, inter alia, in intestinal tissue and the absorption of pharmaceuticals there Prevent active substances at least partially and thus reduce bioavailability after oral administration.
- inhibiting means that, in the presence of the preparation according to the invention or of the auxiliaries which are used for the preparation according to the invention, substrates of intestinal enzymes or intestinal efflux systems are metabolized to a lesser extent by these and / or actively by efflux systems Cells are removed.
- bioavailability of drugs is defined as the total amount of drug that is systemically available in relation to the time.
- the potential usefulness of drugs depends, among other things, on the bioavailability, so that there is a particular interest in pharmaceutical development in optimizing the bioavailability of drugs.
- the bioavailability referred to in the sense of this invention is the speed and / or the extent to which the therapeutically, prophylactically or diagnostically effective part of a medicinal product is released and absorbed from a pharmaceutical form or becomes available at the site of action.
- the bioavailability is measured via the concentration of the respective drug or its metabolite in body fluids, e.g. Blood, depending on the time.
- the bioavailability of drugs that are absorbed in particular via the gastrointestinal tract depends on the solubility and thus the resorbability of the drugs.
- the solubility of, in particular, highly lipophilic and / or poorly water-soluble drugs which consequently have a slow and incomplete drug release and / or absorption, e.g. increased by lipid-based formulations that promote the formation of dissolved phases and thus an increase in the bioavailability of these drugs.
- US 5,391,377 A discloses a biphasic pharmaceutical composition consisting essentially of a long-lasting release component C 2 -C 2 fatty acids and a pharmaceutically active substance, preferably lipophilic drugs, as well as a non-long-lasting release component, a C 2 -C 2 fatty acid.
- WO 94/09788 A1 discloses a pharmaceutical preparation which improves the solubility of HIV protease inhibitors by organic solvents, in particular alcohols, and, if appropriate, additionally by an acid.
- US Pat. No. 5,342,625 A discloses a microemulsion preconcentrate and microemulsion containing cyclosporin, which is an oil-in-water emulsion (O / W emulsion) and is said to lead to higher bioavailability with a smaller inter- and intra-individual spread of the absorption levels.
- EP 670715 B1 has disclosed an anhydrous pharmaceutical preparation consisting of a surfactant, a co-surfactant and a lipophilic phase as a solution to the problem.
- these preparations In a pseudo-ternary phase diagram (emulsifier, lipid, water), these preparations have transparent, monophasic areas when water is added proportionately.
- the disadvantage here is that the transparent, monophasic, water-dilutable area is limited to a water content of at most 70%, so that, in addition, with the so-called exit percentage, cloudiness of the system, in particular precipitation or crystallization of water-insoluble medicinal substance, and thus deteriorated absorption conditions of the medicinal substance prevail ,
- the bioavailability of drugs to be administered orally is determined in particular in the gastrointestinal tract by enzymes of the first phase, for example from the superfamily of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, in particular CYP-3A, or the 17 ⁇ -hydroxy-steroid hydrogenases (17ß-HSD, cf. in: SANO , T. et al., Clin. Sci. 2001, 101 (5): 485-491), in particular the 17 ⁇ -HSD 2 isoform, and the second phase, for example sulfatases.
- the bioavailability of drugs to be administered orally is reduced by efflux systems located in the intestinal epithelium, in particular P-glycoprotein transporters (P-gp transporters).
- No. 6,028,054 A increases the bioavailability of drugs by adding so-called “bioenhancers” which reduce gastrointestinal metabolism and / or re-ejection by efflux systems.
- bioenhancers are added to pharmaceutical preparations as further constituents and consist, for example, of from two coplanar, aromatic rings with positive charge.
- US Pat. No. 6,121,234 A discloses the addition of essential oils to a pharmaceutical preparation which contains hydrophobic pharmaceutical substances, an inhibition of the enzymes of the cytochrome P450-3A group and of the efflux systems being based on the essential oils.
- WO 99/11290 A1 and WO 01/003695 A1 each disclose an addition of bile acid propyl ester and vitamin C fatty acid ester, in particular vitamin C palmitate, to a pharmaceutical preparation which increases the bioavailability by inhibiting enzymes of the cytochrome P450 3A- , reach group. Furthermore, in the finished drug product Kaletra ® with the active ingredient lipinavir, which is subject to a high enteral first-pass metabolism and is transported abroad by P-gp transporters, ritonavir is added as an adjuvant (Rote Liste, 2002) Concentration of 1/6 of its therapeutic dose reduces enteral and probably also hepatic metabolism and outward transport by the Lopinavir P-gp transporters.
- One solution to reduce the high oxidative metabolism rate of secondary beta groups by the 17 ⁇ -HSD 2 is to sterically stabilize the sterane structure e.g. due to chemical substituents in the 17 ⁇ position, cf. et al To achieve ethinyl estradiol.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of developing a pharmaceutical preparation for oral administration which on the one hand the solubility of lipophilic drugs in particular when spontaneously diluted with a hydrophilic medium, such as e.g. the intestinal fluid or purified water, and furthermore a reduction in the bioavailability of lipophilic and / or hydrophilic drugs by intestinal metabolism, in particular by 17 ⁇ -HSD2 and / or CYP-3A4, and / or by an active outward transport from the Counteracts intestinal cells through intestinal efflux systems, especially P-gp transporters (MDR1) or MRP2 proteins.
- a hydrophilic medium such as e.g. the intestinal fluid or purified water
- This object is achieved according to the invention by a preparation which contains at least one emulsifier, at least one auxiliary emulsifier and / or solvent and at least one lipid, characterized in that the mass ratio of emulsifier to auxiliary emulsifier and / or solvent (Smix) is 1: 1 to 9: 1 and the total lipid content is> 0% (m / m), this preparation at least partially inhibiting at least one intestinal enzyme and / or at least one intestinal efflux system.
- EMSES enzyme-modulating-self-emulsifying system
- the object is achieved by using a pharmaceutical preparation according to the invention for the production of a perloral pharmaceutical means, wherein this preparation at least partially inhibits at least one interstinal enzyme and / or at least one interstinal efflux system.
- the object is achieved according to the invention by a method for increasing the bioavailability of drugs to be administered orally, a pharmaceutical preparation according to the invention containing a drug and being administered orally.
- An advantage of the pharmaceutical preparation according to the invention is that it improves the solubility of lipophilic and / or water-insoluble drugs compared to the prior art and at the same time at least partially reduces the metabolism of drugs by intestinal enzymes and / or the active outward transport by intestinal efflux systems.
- an active ingredient-free pharmaceutical preparation can serve as a carrier system for various medicinal substances which have the aforementioned profiles, i.e. are lipophilic and / or are metabolized by intestinal enzymes and / or are actively transported from the intestinal epithelium back into the intestinal lumen by intestinal efflux systems, and time-consuming and costly drug formulation developments can thus be omitted.
- the pharmaceutical preparation according to the invention due to a very low proportion of a hydrophilic phase, is furthermore suitable for producing oral dosage forms, in particular capsules, advantageously gelatin capsules or tablets.
- the present invention also follows the basic rules of pharmaceutical formulation development, namely to limit excipients to a minimum, both qualitatively and quantitatively.
- a preferred embodiment of the invention is that the smix is 3: 1 to 9: 1, advantageously 9: 1 and the total lipid content is 10 to 50% (m / m).
- the emulsifier is PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil (Cremophor ® RH40), PEG-35-castor oil (Cremophor ® EL) or PEG-400-Monorizinoleat (Estax ® 54), the auxiliary emulsifier or Solvent Glyceryl monocaprylate> 80% (m / m) (lmwitor ® 308) or diethylene glycol monoethyl ether (Transcutol ® P) and which contains lipid triglycerides, fatty oils or waxes.
- the emulsifier is PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil (Cremophor ® RH40), PEG-35-castor oil (Cremophor ® EL) or PEG-400-Monorizinoleat (Estax ® 54), the auxiliary emulsifier or Solvent Glyceryl monocaprylate> 80% (m / m) (lmwitor ® 308) or diethylene
- Particularly preferred triglycerides containing medium-chain triglycerides such as Miglyol ® 812 (C_-C12 triglycerides)
- preferred fatty oils include castor oil, olive oil, corn oil, soybean oil, sunflower seed oil, peanut oil, walnut oil or safflower oil, most preferably castor oil and preferred waxes include ethyl oleate or isopropyl myristate.
- the preparation according to the invention additionally contains at least one pharmaceutical substance.
- Medicinal products which come from the group of therapeutic agents, prophylactic agents or diagnostic agents and are preferably formulated with the preparation according to the invention are either lipophilic and / or water-insoluble or alternatively hydrophilic.
- Lipophilic drugs are preferably formulated with the preparation according to the invention, particularly preferably drugs that are substrates of at least one intestinal metabolizing enzyme and / or an intestinal efflux system.
- those drugs are advantageously formulated which are substrates of the 17 ⁇ -hydroxy-steroid dehydrogenases or the cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, with particular advantage from the group of the cytochrome P 450 3A monooxygenases (CYP3A4) or substrates of a P-gp - Transporter systems are.
- substrate means at least one intestinal enzyme and / or an intestinal efflux system, that these substances, for example drugs or pharmaceutical auxiliaries, interact with and are metabolized by intestinal enzymes and / or by interaction with intestinal efflux systems are actively transported through them from the intestinal epithelium back into the intestinal lumen.
- a very particularly preferred embodiment of the preparation according to the invention is represented by steroids as medicinal substances, advantageously those which have a secondary hydroxyl group in position 17 of the sterane skeleton and of which particularly preferably estrogens, antiestrogens or androgens.
- Drugs that are substrates of 17ß-HSD are listed below, but are not limited to the list, they also contain salts and / or derivatives of these drugs:
- Drugs and drug groups that are lipophilic and / or substrates of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases are listed below, but are not limited to this list, they also include salts and / or derivatives of these drugs:
- Drugs and drug groups that are substrates of P-gp transporters are listed below, but are not limited to the list, they also contain salts and / or derivatives of these drugs:
- a preferred embodiment of the use of the preparation according to the invention is that the use of enzymes from the group of cytochrome monooxygenases, preferably from the group of cytochrome P450-3A monooxygenases, or 17 ⁇ -hydroxy-steroid dehydrogenases and / or as an intestinal efflux system, P-gp transporters are at least partially inhibited.
- the ability of the pharmaceutical preparation according to the invention to increase the solubility of lipophilic phases such as triglycerides, fatty oils or waxes, ie to make them water-dilutable, is shown by means of pseudotemary phase diagrams (cf. Example 3; FIGS. 1a, 1b).
- active ingredient-free preparations containing emulsifier, auxiliary emulsifier and / or solvent and lipid, gradually diluted with a hydrophilic medium, eg water.
- a hydrophilic medium eg water.
- the assessment criteria are clear / cloudy and single / multi-phase. Clear to opalescent, single-phase systems were made visible in the pseudo-phase diagrams (see Fig. 1a and 1b) depending on their occurrence at 25 ° C or 37 ° C.
- Excipients which are preferably used for the pharmaceutical preparation according to the invention, also have an ability to at least partially inhibit intestinal enzymes or interstinal efflux systems.
- the suitability of pharmaceutical auxiliaries for the preparation according to the invention generally increases with increasing inhibition. Such potentials can be determined using test systems known to those skilled in the art.
- the test formulation is the pharmaceutical preparation in Example 2a), prepared according to the invention containing 2.5% AE2, Cre mophor ® EL and Transcutol ® P, S mix. 9: 1, 20% (m / m) Miglyol ® 812 po administered.
- FIG. 4 shows that the formulation of AE2 according to the invention has a 26% increased bioavailability compared to this po Reached 20% HP-ß-CD solution. From this it can be seen that formulations according to the invention are suitable for increasing the bioavailability of steroids in particular.
- auxiliary substances to inhibit human cytochrome P450 isoenzymes is determined by means of a CYP test (cf. Example 7).
- the inhibition of the enzymes is characterized by the concentration (IC 50 , ⁇ g / ml) of the auxiliary substances, at which 50% of the respective isoenzymes are inhibited.
- concentration (IC 50 , ⁇ g / ml) of the auxiliary substances at which 50% of the respective isoenzymes are inhibited.
- IC 50 concentration
- CYP3A4 are selectively inhibited by the auxiliaries according to the invention.
- the excipients according to the invention have at least one IC 50 ⁇ 1000 on at least one CYP isoenzyme, advantageously an IC 50 100 100, ie they have medium activity, and particularly advantageously an IC 50 10 10, ie they have strong activity.
- the ability of auxiliaries to inhibit P-gp transporters is determined using a P-gp transporter test (see Example 8).
- the Activity inhibiting the transporter characterized by the ratio (R), which indicates the ratio of fluorescence intensity of the test solution to the fluorescence intensity of the blank and is directly proportional to inhibition of the P-gp transporter.
- Fluorescence intensity test solution corresponds to the fluorescence intensity, measured at 485/535 nm (excitation or emission), of the cells containing the test solution and CaIceinAM working solution.
- Fluorescence intensity Blank corresponds to the fluorescence intensity, measured at 485/535 nm (excitation or emission), of the cells that do not contain a test solution but contain CaIceinAM working solution and thus serve as an O value.
- Auxiliaries which have a ratio> 1, 18, advantageously> 1, 6 and with particular advantage> 2.1 are preferably suitable for inhibiting the active outward transport of medicinal products by intestinal efflux systems, in particular by P-gp transporters, and becoming one To increase the drug bioavailability, in which case the drug substrates of the P-gp
- excipients are thus preferably suitable to serve as excipients for the pharmaceutical preparations according to the invention.
- the pharmaceutical preparations according to the invention can, due to their high water-dilutability and thus their good solubility of in particular lipophilic drugs, as well as their ability to inhibit intestinal enzymes and / or the active outward transport by intestinal efflux systems, be used as a technology platform for a wide variety of drugs, in particular those mentioned above , Table 4 shows the formulations according to the invention which are preferably used for this. Table 5 shows possible drug loading of selected pharmaceutical formulations according to the invention.
- Fig. 2d Test on self-emulsification of a mixture containing 2% E2, Cremophor ® EL and Transcutol ® P, Smix 9: 1, 10 to 60% (m / m), MiglyoI ® 812. symbol of visual evaluation: o; Particle size symbol determined using PCS (double values): -
- Y-axis percentage of AE2 (symbol: dark bar) and ketone metabolite of AE2 (symbol: longitudinal strip)
- X-axis percentage of the formulation according to the invention.
- a pharmaceutical preparation according to the invention corresponds holding Cremophor ® EL, Transcutol ® P and Miglyol ® manufactured 812th
- This pharmaceutical preparation basic mixture, is then checked visually for clarity and homogeneity (see above).
- Imwitor ® 30 ⁇ must be converted into a flowable form by heating to 40 ° C on a heatable magnetic stirrer (Heidolph MR 3001 K) before use.
- 0 g Miglyol ® 1 is added 812 to the mixture and stirred for 5 minutes at 500 rpm in the above-mentioned magnetic. This basic mix is made visually for clarity and
- Cremophor ® RH40 produced 812, Transcutol ® P and Miglyol ®.
- Cremophor ® RH40 must be converted into a flowable form by heating to 40 ° C on a heatable magnetic stirrer (Heidolph MR 3001 K).
- all auxiliary substances must be shaken well before they are used.
- Cremophor ® RH40 Before use, Cremophor ® RH40 must be converted into a flowable form by heating to 40 ° C on a heatable magnetic stirrer (Heidolph MR 3001 K). In addition, all auxiliary substances must be shaken well before they are used. 3.6 g Cremophor ® RH40 and 400 mg Transcutol ® P on a "Genius" - weighed analytical balance (Sartorius, Göttingen) in a beaker and mixed for 5 minutes at 500 rpm on a magnetic stirrer (Heidolph MR 3001 K). The homogeneity and clarity is checked visually (see Example 1 a). Then 1.0 g of refined castor oil is added to the mixture and stirred for 5 minutes at 500 rpm on the above-mentioned magnetic stirrer. This basic mix is made visually for clarity and
- Cremophor ® RH40 5 g of a pharmaceutical preparation according to the invention containing Cremophor ® RH40, Transcutol ® P and ethyl oleate produced.
- Cremophor ® RH40 must be converted into a flowable form by heating to 40 ° C on a heatable magnetic stirrer (Heidolph MR 3001 K). In addition, all auxiliary substances must be shaken well before they are used.
- 3.6 g of Cremophor ® RH40 and 400 mg of Transcutol ® P are weighed out on a "Genius" analytical balance (Sartorius, Göttingen) in a beaker and for 5 minutes at 500 rpm on a
- Magnetic stirrer Heidolph MR 3001 K mixed. The homogeneity and clarity is checked visually (see Example 1a). Then 1.0 g of ethyl oleate is added to the mixture and for 5 minutes at 500 rpm on the above-mentioned magnetic stirrer stirred. This basic mixture is checked visually for clarity and homogeneity (see Example 1 a).
- k) 5 g of a pharmaceutical preparation according to the invention corresponds holding Cremophor ® RH40, lmwitor ® 308 and Miglyol ® 812 manufactured.
- Imwitor ® 30 ⁇ must be converted into a flowable form by heating to 40 ° C on a heatable magnetic stirrer (Heidolph MR 3001 K) before use. For this, all auxiliary substances must be shaken well before they are used.
- Imwitor ® 308 must be converted into a flowable form before use by heating to 40 ° C on a heatable magnetic stirrer (Heidolph MR 3001 K). For this purpose, all auxiliaries are shaken well before use.
- 3.6 g Cremophor ® EL and 400 mg lmwitor ® 308 are weighed into a beaker on a "Genius" analytical balance (Sartorius, Göttingen) and mixed for 5 minutes at 500 rpm on a magnetic stirrer (Heidolph MR 3001 K).
- This preparation is visually checked for clarity and homogeneity, that is to say that the beaker is held in front of a light source, alternatively in front of a black background, and the contents of the beaker have no visually perceptible cloudiness or floating particles and different phases. Then 1.0 g of ethyl oleate are added to the mixture and stirred for 5 minutes at 500 rpm on the above-mentioned magnetic stirrer.
- This pharmaceutical preparation, basic mixture is then checked visually for clarity and homogeneity (see above). Examples 1a) -n) can therefore be characterized with a smix of 9: 1 and a lipid content (m / m) in the basic mixture of 20%.
- auxiliary composition result on the one hand by replacing the lipid phase by the amphiphilic phase (Smix) so that the composition contains, for example, 10% MCT (Miglyol ® 812) in the basic mixture, or by replacing the proportion of emulsifier mixture (Smix ) by the MCT used.
- the basic mixture would then typically contain 30%, 40% or 50% of the total lipid content.
- smix by changing the smix to 3: 1 or 1: 1, further combinations can be created in the same way, which are suitable as preparations according to the invention.
- Example 2 Production of pharmaceutical preparations containing active ingredients
- estradiol (E2) 10.0 mg of 1,3,5 (10) -estratrien-3,17 ⁇ -diol x AH 2 0, hereinafter called estradiol (E2), are added to 5 g of the pharmaceutical preparation from Example 11) and so long on a magnetic stirrer (Heidolph MR 3001 K) until the active ingredient has clearly dissolved in the formulation (check for clarity, see Example 1a).
- a magnetic stirrer Heidolph MR 3001 K
- heat is added to the above-mentioned magnetic stirrer while stirring to approx. 40 ° C. After 24 hours, the clarity of the system is checked again (see Example 1 a).
- Example 1b are each 1, 0 g of the base mixtures according to the invention analogously to Example 1b) containing Cremophor ® EL, lmwitor ® 308 (Smix. 9: 1) and Miglyol ® 812 [varying the total lipid content of 0-100% (m / m)], and . analogously to Example 1a) containing Cremophor ® EL, Transcutol ® P (Smix 3: 1) and Miglyol ® 812 [varying the total lipid content of 0-100% (m / m)], in each case a magnetic stirrer in each case a 16 ml test tube with a ground glass given.
- FIGS. 1a and 1b show that in particular basic mixtures according to the invention with a smix of 9: 1 up to a total lipid content of 50% (m / m) and basic mixtures according to the invention with a smix of 3: 1 up to a total lipid content of 30% (m / m) in the water-free basic mixture up to at least 90% (v / v + w) total water content having a clear and homogeneous emulsion are therefore suitable for the pharmaceutical preparations according to the invention.
- the release vessel is cleaned with demineralized water before the experiment and rinsed with purelab ® water at the end of the cleaning procedure.
- the dilutions are visually graded after 10 minutes and, on the other hand, the particle size is determined using PCS (cf. FIG. 2a).
- the particle size measurement by PCS takes place at a measuring temperature of or 37 ° C. 1, 46 served as the angle of refraction of the dispersed phases.
- the viscosity value of these highly diluted systems was left in the basic setting of the device (viscosity value for water depending on the temperature).
- compositions with 10-40% (m / m) lipid in the pre-concentrate are preferred because they have clear to bluish-shimmering dispersions (visual assessments of 1 and 2) with particle sizes of ⁇ 200 nm.
- compositions with 10-50% (m / m) lipid in the preconcentrate are particularly preferred, since they give clear dispersions (visual assessments of 1) and particle sizes of ⁇ 100 nm and therefore of them it can be assumed that the active ingredient is available in a dissolved form.
- Example 2b 500 mg each of the active substance-containing basic mixture prepared as in Example 2b), comprising 2.0% (m / m) E2, Cremophor®EL and Transcutol®P, Smix 9: 1, and a respective total lipid content of 10, 20 .
- compositions with 10-40% (m / m) lipid in the pre-concentrate are preferred, since they give clear to bluish-shimmering dispersions (visual assessments of 1 and 2) and particle sizes of ⁇ 200 nm; Particularly preferred are compositions with 10-30% (m / m) lipid in the preconcentrate, which give clear dispersions (visual assessments of 1) and particle sizes of ⁇ 100 nm, since it can be assumed that the active ingredient in a dissolved form for
- compositions with 40 and 50% (m / m) lipid in the pre-concentrate are preferred, since they give clear to bluish-shimmering dispersions (visual assessments: 2) and particle sizes of ⁇ 200 nm. In these cases it can be assumed that the active substance is available in a dissolved form.
- Na phosphate buffer 100 mM Na 2 HPO 4 x 2H 2 0 and 100 mM NaH 2 PO 4 x H 2 0
- test substance solution of AE2 AE2 50 ⁇ M in MeOH (in the test batch 0.3 ⁇ M) formulation batches of the above-mentioned formulation according to the invention (% m / v) :
- Cofactor solution 2 mL glucose-6-phosphate (160mM) / MgCl 2 (80mM) mix are added to 400 ⁇ L of a glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase solution, then 15.6 mg NADP and 13.4 mg NAD added.
- Microsome solution Intestinal microsomes (InVitroTechnologies; protein content: 24 mg / mL; CYP450 content: 0.058nmol / mg protein) Thawed in a water bath at 37 ° C ( ⁇ 60sec) and to a concentration of 5 mg / mL protein with Na Diluted phosphate buffer.
- the samples are stored by HPLC at ⁇ -20 ° C for approx. 24 h and centrifuged at 3000 rpm before the HPLC analysis, the supernatant being measured.
- the concentrations of AE2 and 17 ketone product of AE2 measured by HPLC are shown in FIG. 3.
- HPßCD solution used 20.0 g of hydroxypropyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin (HPßCD) are dissolved in 90 ml of water for injections. 1.6 ml of a 1 N HCl solution are added to the cyclodextrin solution. Then 2.0 g of AE2 are weighed into the aqueous cyclodextrin solution and dissolved at room temperature. 0.2 g NaCI and 0.242 g trometamol are weighed out and dissolved in the active ingredient-containing cyclodextrin solution. With 1 N HCI is on pH 7.4 adjusted. It is made up to a final volume of 100.0 ml with water for injections and shaken. The solution is filtered through a 0.2 ⁇ m membrane filter and 20 min. autoclaved at 121 ° C.
- Formulation preparation analogously to Example 2a) was prepared containing 2% (m / m) AE2, Cremophor ® EL and Transcutol ® P, Smix 9: 1, 20% (m / m) Miglyol ® 812 used dose: iv 5 mg / kg AE2 in 20% HPßCD solution po 10 mg / kg AE2 in 20% HPßCD solution or formulation according to the invention
- the trial lasted for 3 days.
- Part 1 Serum collection 30 minutes after taking blood
- Jeil 2 centrifugation of the precipitated serum (see Part 1) at 5000g for 5 min;
- Incubation buffer Potassium phosphate buffer, pH 7.4 (KP buffer)
- Stop solution Acetonitrile / Tris Base 0.5 M, ⁇ O / 20 (V / V)
- Test substances Cremophor ® EL, Cremophor ® RH40, Estax ® 54, Miglyol ® 812, raff. Castor oil, Transcutol ® P, ethyl oleate, Imwitor ® 308, Tween ® ⁇ 0, 20% HPßCD solution (preparation described in Ex. 6), formulation according to the invention from Ex. 1 a), and Ex. 1d)
- the incubations are set up in 96-well plate format with a total volume of 200 ⁇ l in duplicate.
- the background batch controls the fluorescence of the batch without enzyme and formulation according to the invention, the intrinsic fluorescence of the substances is determined in the buffer dilution.
- the preparation The dilution and pipetting scheme correspond to the original instructions of the test kit manufacturer (Gentest Corp., Woburn, MA, USA).
- the batches are started by adding the enzyme / substrate mixture, shaken for 30 or 45 minutes in an incubator at 37 ° C., then interrupted with 50 ⁇ l stop solution. The plates are shaken briefly and the fluorescence intensity is measured in the plate fluorescence reader at the wavelengths for excitation or emission.
- the origin of the fluorescent product forms the basis for the calculation.
- the comparison of the substrate turnover in the presence or absence of the formulation according to the invention indicates an inhibition of the cytochrome P450 isoenzyme.
- the IC 50 value is calculated from the concentration-dependent inhibition.
- Enzyme mixture glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) 0.4 mM MgCl 2 0.4 mM
- G6Pdehydrogenase (G6PD) 0.2 lU / ml
- Enzyme mixture glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) 0.4 mM MgCl 2 0.4 mM
- G6Pdehydrogenase (G6PD) 0.2 lU / ml
- Enzyme mixture glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) 0.4 mM MgCl 2 0.4 mM
- G6Pdehydrogenase 0.2 lU / ml Recombinant human CYP450-2C19.1, 5 pmol / batch
- Substrate 3-cyano-7-ethoxycoumarin (CEC) 25 ⁇ M
- Pos.Control tranylcypromine 0.045 - 100 ⁇ M
- the following auxiliaries are tested for their ability to inhibit human, intestinal P-gp transporters: Cremophor ® EL, Estax ® 54, Cremophor ® RH40, raff. Castor oil, PEG 400, Imwitor ® 308, Transcutol ® P, Miglyol ® .
- MATU cell lines (Max Dellbrück Center (MDC) - Berlin book; 40,000 cells / well / 200 ⁇ l) are first placed in a microtiter plate (Greiner black 96-well plates, clear bottom, sterile), given.
- MDC Max Dellbrück Center
- the cells are cultured for 3 days with medium containing adriamycin (ADR) and then switched to medium free of ADR.
- ADR adriamycin
- the culture medium contains 500 ml RPMl (2.0 g / l NaHCO 3 ; w / o L-glutamine, w / o phenol red, article no .: F1275, Biochrom, Berlin), 5 ml PenStrep ® (10,000 U penicillin , 10000 ⁇ g / ml streptomycin, article no .: A2213, Biochrom, Berlin), 5 ml L-glutamine (200 mM, article no .: K02 ⁇ 3, Biochrom, Berlin), 50 ml FCS (article no .: S 0115, Fa Biochrom, Berlin) and 50 ⁇ l doxorubicin (1 ⁇ g / ⁇ l).
- RPMl 2.0 g / l NaHCO 3 ; w / o L-glutamine, w / o phenol red, article no .: F1275, Biochrom, Berlin
- 5 ml PenStrep ® 10,000 U penicillin ,
- the incubation buffer Hepes carbonate buffer, pH 7.2, contains 12 ⁇ , 1mM NaCl, 5.4 mM KCI, 1, 0 mM MgSO 4 x 7 H 2 O, 1, ⁇ mM CaCI 2 x 2 H 2 O, 1 , 2 mM Na 2 HPO 4 x 7 H 2 0, 0.4 mM NaH 2 PO 4 x H 2 O, 15.0 mM Hepes, 20.0 mM glucose, 4.2 mM NaHCO 3 .
- the cells differentiated in 96-well microtiter plates are first washed twice with the incubation buffer.
- the microtiter plate is now divided into zones. 1 ⁇ 0 ⁇ l of the respective test solution per well are added to a zone and the entire microtiter plate is preincubated at 37 ° C. for 30 min.
- the test solutions have concentrations of 0.3 to 33.3 ⁇ M of the test substances.
- a 33.3 ⁇ M concentrated Cremophor ® EL test solution is made from a 30 mM stock solution of the excipient in DMSO, which is diluted 1: 901 with incubation buffer to 33.3 ⁇ M and thus gives a concentration of 30 ⁇ M, the sum of Concentration of DMSO in the batch does not exceed 0.2% (v / v). Dilutions are made analogously. Test solutions for the above-mentioned auxiliaries are prepared analogously.
- the CaIceinAM working solution (20 ⁇ L / well) is then added to all wells, ie to those with and without the test solution. The plates are shaken carefully and incubated at 37 ° C for a further 30 min.
- the CaIceinAM working solution is diluted to 10 ⁇ M CaIceinAM working solution by diluting a 1 mM CalceinAM stock solution in DMSO with incubation buffer. After incubation, the fluorescence in a fluorescence plate reader is (Fluostar ®, B & L Systems, Maarssen) at 465/535 nm (excitation or emission on) measured.
- Fluorescence intensity test solution corresponds to the fluorescence intensity, measured at 485/535 nm (excitation or emission), of the cells containing the test solution and CaIceinAM working solution.
- Fluorescence intensity Blank corresponds to the fluorescence intensity, measured at 485/535 nm (excitation or emission), of the cells that do not contain a test solution but contain CaIceinAM working solution and thus serve as a 0 value.
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Abstract
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Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10247399A DE10247399A1 (de) | 2002-10-08 | 2002-10-08 | Pharmazeutische Zubereitungen, Verwendung dieser Zubereitung und Verfahren zur Erhöhung der Bioverfügbarkeit von peroral zu applizierenden Arzneistoffen |
| DE10247399 | 2002-10-08 | ||
| PCT/EP2003/010848 WO2004032897A2 (de) | 2002-10-08 | 2003-09-30 | Pharmazeutische zubereitungen, verwendung dieser zubereitung und verfahren zur erhöhung der bioverfügbarkeit von peroral zu applizierenden arzneistoffen |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1549292A2 true EP1549292A2 (de) | 2005-07-06 |
Family
ID=32049221
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP03788929A Withdrawn EP1549292A2 (de) | 2002-10-08 | 2003-09-30 | Pharmazeutische zubereitungen, verwendung dieser zubereitung und verfahren zur erhöhung der bioverfügbarkeit von peroral zu applizierenden arzneistoffen |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20040223983A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1549292A2 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2006504720A (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2003293593A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE10247399A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2004032897A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1658306A1 (de) * | 2003-08-21 | 2006-05-24 | Schering AG | Delta 15 -d-homosteroide mit androgener wirkung |
| EP2044930A1 (de) * | 2007-10-01 | 2009-04-08 | Nestec S.A. | Zusammensetzung zur Steuerung Lipase-katalysierter Reaktionen |
| EP2127643A1 (de) | 2008-05-30 | 2009-12-02 | Bayer Schering Pharma Aktiengesellschaft | Orale Pelletformulierungen mit zeitversetzter Wirkstofffreigabe |
| US9301920B2 (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2016-04-05 | Therapeuticsmd, Inc. | Natural combination hormone replacement formulations and therapies |
| US8633178B2 (en) | 2011-11-23 | 2014-01-21 | Therapeuticsmd, Inc. | Natural combination hormone replacement formulations and therapies |
| US20130338122A1 (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2013-12-19 | Therapeuticsmd, Inc. | Transdermal hormone replacement therapies |
| US20150196640A1 (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2015-07-16 | Therapeuticsmd, Inc. | Progesterone formulations having a desirable pk profile |
| US10806740B2 (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2020-10-20 | Therapeuticsmd, Inc. | Natural combination hormone replacement formulations and therapies |
| US10806697B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2020-10-20 | Therapeuticsmd, Inc. | Vaginal inserted estradiol pharmaceutical compositions and methods |
| US11266661B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2022-03-08 | Therapeuticsmd, Inc. | Vaginal inserted estradiol pharmaceutical compositions and methods |
| US10568891B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2020-02-25 | Therapeuticsmd, Inc. | Vaginal inserted estradiol pharmaceutical compositions and methods |
| US10537581B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2020-01-21 | Therapeuticsmd, Inc. | Vaginal inserted estradiol pharmaceutical compositions and methods |
| US9180091B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2015-11-10 | Therapeuticsmd, Inc. | Soluble estradiol capsule for vaginal insertion |
| US10471072B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2019-11-12 | Therapeuticsmd, Inc. | Vaginal inserted estradiol pharmaceutical compositions and methods |
| US11246875B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2022-02-15 | Therapeuticsmd, Inc. | Vaginal inserted estradiol pharmaceutical compositions and methods |
| WO2015179074A1 (en) * | 2014-05-19 | 2015-11-26 | Health Science Funding Llc | Improved antibacterial therapy |
| EP3145489A1 (de) | 2014-05-22 | 2017-03-29 | TherapeuticsMD, Inc. | Natürliche kombinierte hormonersatzformulierungen und therapien |
| US10328087B2 (en) | 2015-07-23 | 2019-06-25 | Therapeuticsmd, Inc. | Formulations for solubilizing hormones |
| WO2017173044A1 (en) | 2016-04-01 | 2017-10-05 | Therapeuticsmd Inc. | Steroid hormone compositions in medium chain oils |
| WO2017173071A1 (en) | 2016-04-01 | 2017-10-05 | Therapeuticsmd, Inc. | Steroid hormone pharmaceutical composition |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9525194D0 (en) * | 1995-12-12 | 1996-02-07 | Zeneca Ltd | Pharmaceutical composition |
| WO1999049848A1 (en) * | 1998-04-01 | 1999-10-07 | Rtp Pharma Inc. | Anticancer compositions |
-
2002
- 2002-10-08 DE DE10247399A patent/DE10247399A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2003
- 2003-09-30 EP EP03788929A patent/EP1549292A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-09-30 JP JP2004542388A patent/JP2006504720A/ja active Pending
- 2003-09-30 AU AU2003293593A patent/AU2003293593A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-09-30 WO PCT/EP2003/010848 patent/WO2004032897A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2003-10-07 US US10/679,507 patent/US20040223983A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| None * |
| See also references of WO2004032897A3 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2003293593A8 (en) | 2004-05-04 |
| WO2004032897A8 (de) | 2004-07-22 |
| DE10247399A1 (de) | 2004-04-29 |
| AU2003293593A1 (en) | 2004-05-04 |
| US20040223983A1 (en) | 2004-11-11 |
| WO2004032897A2 (de) | 2004-04-22 |
| WO2004032897A3 (de) | 2004-06-17 |
| JP2006504720A (ja) | 2006-02-09 |
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