EP1543536B1 - Panneau de visualisation a plasma a electrodes coplanaires de largeur constante - Google Patents

Panneau de visualisation a plasma a electrodes coplanaires de largeur constante Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1543536B1
EP1543536B1 EP03758097A EP03758097A EP1543536B1 EP 1543536 B1 EP1543536 B1 EP 1543536B1 EP 03758097 A EP03758097 A EP 03758097A EP 03758097 A EP03758097 A EP 03758097A EP 1543536 B1 EP1543536 B1 EP 1543536B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
permittivity
electrodes
barriers
panel
low
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP03758097A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1543536A1 (fr
Inventor
Laurent Tessier
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Thomson Plasma SAS
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Thomson Plasma SAS
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J11/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with alternating current induction of the discharge, e.g. alternating current plasma display panels [AC-PDP]; Gas-filled discharge tubes without any main electrode inside the vessel; Gas-filled discharge tubes with at least one main electrode outside the vessel
    • H01J11/20—Constructional details
    • H01J11/22—Electrodes, e.g. special shape, material or configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J11/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with alternating current induction of the discharge, e.g. alternating current plasma display panels [AC-PDP]; Gas-filled discharge tubes without any main electrode inside the vessel; Gas-filled discharge tubes with at least one main electrode outside the vessel
    • H01J11/20—Constructional details
    • H01J11/34—Vessels, containers or parts thereof, e.g. substrates
    • H01J11/36—Spacers, barriers, ribs, partitions or the like
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J11/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with alternating current induction of the discharge, e.g. alternating current plasma display panels [AC-PDP]; Gas-filled discharge tubes without any main electrode inside the vessel; Gas-filled discharge tubes with at least one main electrode outside the vessel
    • H01J11/10—AC-PDPs with at least one main electrode being out of contact with the plasma
    • H01J11/12—AC-PDPs with at least one main electrode being out of contact with the plasma with main electrodes provided on both sides of the discharge space
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J11/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with alternating current induction of the discharge, e.g. alternating current plasma display panels [AC-PDP]; Gas-filled discharge tubes without any main electrode inside the vessel; Gas-filled discharge tubes with at least one main electrode outside the vessel
    • H01J11/20—Constructional details
    • H01J11/34—Vessels, containers or parts thereof, e.g. substrates
    • H01J11/38—Dielectric or insulating layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2211/00—Plasma display panels with alternate current induction of the discharge, e.g. AC-PDPs
    • H01J2211/20—Constructional details
    • H01J2211/34—Vessels, containers or parts thereof, e.g. substrates
    • H01J2211/36—Spacers, barriers, ribs, partitions or the like
    • H01J2211/361—Spacers, barriers, ribs, partitions or the like characterized by the shape

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plasma display panel comprising a first slab 11 and a second slab 12 between them a space filled with compartmentalized discharge gas in a set of discharge cells 18 disposed in lines and in columns, also comprising a network of insulating barriers comprising barriers 15 separating, each, two adjacent columns of cells, the first slab comprising at least two networks of electrodes Y, Y 'coplanar said maintenance, oriented in directions general parallel to each other and perpendicular to said barriers, having a constant width perpendicular to these general directions, arranged so that each discharge cell is traversed by an electrode of each network.
  • barriers 15 each separate two adjacent columns of cells, these barriers are called column barriers, as opposed to the line barriers described hereinafter.
  • Each discharge cell is therefore traversed by a pair of maintenance electrodes and each pair of maintenance electrodes thus serves a line of discharge cells; all the adjacent cells of the same line are separated by a column barrier made of insulating material; in this way, in the general direction of the coplanar electrodes, the widths of the different cells of the same line are limited by these column barriers; these barriers generally serve as spacers between the slabs of the panel.
  • Coplanar electrodes are covered with a dielectric layer 13 itself coated with a protective layer and secondary electron emission 14, generally based on magnesia.
  • the second slab comprises a third array of so-called addressing electrodes X arranged each between two column barriers; thus, each addressing electrode thus serves a column of discharge cells; these addressing electrodes may also be covered with a dielectric layer 17.
  • the network of barriers of some panels of the prior art also comprises barriers 16 called line barriers each separating two adjacent rows of cells, so that each cell of the panel is then delimited on all of its periphery by barriers as shown in Figures 1A, 1B.
  • the control of the plasma panels conventionally comprises addressing periods for activating the cells to be lit, followed by maintenance periods during which a series of maintenance voltage pulses are applied between the maintenance electrodes Y , Y 'serving a line of cells, in the gap or gap G between these electrodes; the height of these maintenance pulses must be sufficient to cause discharges in the previously activated cells of the line, but insufficient to cause discharges in the cells of this line not previously activated.
  • the addressing of the discharge cells generally takes place between a column electrode and one of the line electrodes which is also used for maintenance.
  • the discharge cells and the space between the slabs are filled with a gas under low pressure suitable for obtaining discharges emitting ultraviolet radiation.
  • each cell is generally provided with a layer of phosphor capable of emitting visible radiation, in particular red, green or blue, when it is excited by the ultraviolet radiation of the discharges; these layers are usually deposited on the second slab and on the slopes of the barriers.
  • the adjacent discharge cells comprise phosphors of different colors so that we obtain discharges emitting indirectly in red, green and blue.
  • the coplanar electrodes are preferably made of a material that is both conductive and transparent, such as tin oxide or mixed tin-indium oxide ("ITO"), for Indium-Tin Oxide in the tongue English) since these transparent electrodes are generally not sufficiently conductive, the transparent electrode arrays of opaque metallic conductors, which are called “bus conductors", are generally "doubled” because they distribute the discharge electric current to the transparent electrodes ; conventionally, the linear electrical conductivity of the bus is greater than that of the priming conductor; the bus is made of highly conductive metallic material, such as silver; it is therefore opaque to light.
  • ITO mixed tin-indium oxide
  • the initiation of the discharge in this cell takes place in a priming zone Z a of the portion of this electrode corresponding to this cell; it is preferable that the surface potential properties of the dielectric layer 13 coating this electrode are sufficiently uniform to allow low voltage firing of the discharge; after initiation, the discharge extends perpendicularly to the general direction of the coplanar electrodes to the discharge end edge 192 of the electrode, opposite the priming edge; the phase of spreading of the discharge, called expansion phase, allows the formation of a discharge zone with a very low electric field that is very efficient for the excitation of the gas and the production of ultraviolet photons; the expansion phase thus makes it possible to improve the light output of the discharges.
  • the expansion phase of the discharge to the discharge end edge of the electrode the discharge occupies almost all of the gas space delimited by the two column barriers 15 bounding the cell width.
  • the dielectric layer area which covers these electrodes is generally covered residual charges called "memory charges", especially from the previous discharge in this cell.
  • the zone of discharge gas between these two electrodes is then subjected to the sum of the voltage applied between these electrodes and the voltage resulting from memory charges from the previous maintenance pulse.
  • FIG. 3 represents, at the beginning of a maintenance voltage pulse of a value of 100 V applied to the electrodes, which follows other identical alternating pulses having left memory charges, the distribution of the equipotential voltage lines according to a A1-A1 'section of the discharge expansion zone, between the middle of a column barrier 15 and the middle of the cell, this interval corresponding to the half distance between the media of two adjacent columns barriers, is at say to the half width of a discharge cell; the equipotential lines in solid lines correspond to positive values of the potential; the equipotential lines in broken lines correspond to negative values of the potential; the potential difference between two adjacent equipotential curves is constant and adapted to obtain twenty "positive" equipotential curves in continuous lines; during the 100 V voltage pulse that starts, it is assumed here that the electrode Y considered plays the role of cathode, and that the negative memory charges stored in this cell on the surface of the dielectric layer 13 come from the discharge generated by the previous maintenance voltage pulse of the same series, of opposite sign.
  • the equipotential curve V corresponds to the first negative equipotential (discontinuous lines, as opposed to the continuous lines of positive equipotentials), and testifies to the presence of a negative charge deposited at this level on the surface of the column barrier 15
  • the distribution of this equipotential depth in the column barrier indicates that, after initiation caused by the pulse in progress, the discharge will spread on the slopes of the barriers, therefore, beyond the surface of the dielectric layer 13 and the protective layer 14 covering the electrode Y. During maintenance periods when the panel emits light, the barriers will therefore be in significant contact with the discharges. This phenomenon leads to an increase in the losses of charged species on the barriers and to an accelerated deterioration of the phosphor material covering these barriers, with a consequent decrease in light output and a reduction in the service life of the panel.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic top view of the structure of a cell of a panel of a coplanar plasma display which differs from the structure presented previously in FIGS. 1A and 1B in that the coplanar electrodes no longer extend over the entire width of the cells: each electrode Y comprises a conductive bus Y b continuous at the edge of the end of discharge 192 which passes through all the cells of a same line and, at each cell, a tongue-shaped electrode element Y p , centered on this cell, having a width less than this cell, and extending from the bus to the level of the priming edge 191.
  • the electrode elements Y p of each cell are dimensioned so that their lateral edges are positioned at a non-zero distance D the surface of the nearest column barriers 15 which delimit this cell.
  • Such a structure applied to the coplanar electrodes Y, Y ' makes it possible to reduce the potential on the slopes of the column barriers and on the surface portions of the protective layer that are close to these barriers along the lateral edges of the electrode elements Y p , as illustrated in FIG. 4 representing the distribution of the electrical equipotential curves in the cell represented in FIG. 2, in a section A2-A2 'in the half-cell width, according to the same assumptions and conventions as for FIG. 3 previously described; in this FIG.
  • the object of the invention is to increase the luminous efficiency of plasma panels and their service life while avoiding these limitations and disadvantages.
  • the invention relates to a plasma display panel comprising a first slab and a second slab between them a space filled with partitioned waste gas in a set of discharge cells disposed in rows and columns, also comprising a network of insulating barriers comprising barriers separating, each, two adjacent columns of cells and each having a base resting on said second slab and a top in contact with said first slab, this first slab comprising at least two arrays of electrodes Y, Y 'coplanar maintenance said, which are oriented in general directions parallel to each other and to said lines, which are arranged so that each discharge cell is traversed by an electrode of each network then forming a pair, and which have so-called edges primers which face each other on either side of the gap separating the electrodes of each pair, characterized in that each column separation barrier comprises, at its vertex and over its entire width, a succession of zones of low permittivity which extend on either side of the gap separating the electrodes of each pair at least from a line 80 ⁇ m behind the initiation edges of
  • the zones of low permittivity thus extend at least on each side of the gap of each cell.
  • the thickness of a zone of low permittivity on a barrier is measured from the top of this barrier in contact with the first slab; each of these zones extends approximately over the entire width of the barrier, to the thickness of a possible phosphor layer near.
  • the coplanar electrodes do not have a constant width, for example as in the structure of the prior art described with reference to FIG. 2, the invention makes it possible to combine the performance advantages already described of this structure and those specific to the invention described hereinafter.
  • the invention applies in particular to cases where the coplanar electrodes each have a constant width over their entire effective length; useful length of an electrode means the length corresponding to all the cells served by this electrode; the width of this electrode is understood as the width measured perpendicular to its general direction; as the width of the coplanar electrodes is constant as in the structure of the prior art described with reference to FIGS. 1A and 1B, the electrode arrays are more economical to produce and the assembly of the slabs is not penalized by constraints alignment: thus avoids the disadvantages of the structure of the prior art described with reference to Figure 2, while obtaining advantages at least identical if not higher in terms of light output and life, as explained below.
  • the invention proposes in fact to modify the distribution of the equipotential curves not by modifying the shape and position of the electrodes at the level of each cell as previously described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, but by varying the dielectric permittivity within the barriers. in a manner adapted to tighten and bring closer, at the level of each cell, the equipotential curves in the vicinity of the dielectric layer and the protective layer, so as to reduce the electric potential on the slope of these barriers, particularly in the vicinity of these layers.
  • the thickness specific to the invention of the zones of low permittivity and thanks to the average dielectric permittivity specific to the invention of these zones one then obtains a better confinement of the maintenance discharges on the surface of the dielectric layer and of the protective layer, away from the barriers, which reduces the loss of plasma charged species and the degradation of the phosphors on these barriers by the plasma in the expansion zone of the discharges.
  • An additional advantage of the panel structure according to the invention results from the fact that the desired confinement of the discharges is obtained even at the end of expansion: unlike the structure described with reference to FIG. 2, the potential on the slope of the barriers and at the surface of the protective layer and the dielectric layer is also lowered in the vicinity of the electrode portions corresponding to the end of discharge, which allows a greater improvement of the light output and the service life.
  • each cell is then traversed by three electrodes, one of each network, which then form a triad.
  • gap means the zone separating the electrodes of each pair, or, where appropriate, the zones separating the electrodes of each triad; when the width of the coplanar electrodes is constant, the width of the zones separating the electrodes is also constant.
  • the zone of low permittivity located at the top of the barriers can therefore be discontinuous, that is to say that it can be interrupted at the gap separating the coplanar electrodes of each pair up to a maximum of 80 ⁇ m on either side. electrode edges, beyond this gap; the areas of low permittivity then extend on each side of the gap, especially at the expansion zones of the discharges, that is to say with respect to the surface of the electrodes.
  • the zone of low permittivity can extend further, for example when it is interrupted exactly at the gaps separating the coplanar electrodes.
  • the succession of zones of low permittivity at the top of each barrier forms a continuous zone of low permittivity, without interruption in the gaps.
  • the zones of low permittivity are discontinuous and interrupted at the gap separating the electrodes of each pair.
  • the subject of the invention is a plasma display panel comprising a network of barriers each having a base resting on a slab and a peak in contact with another slab comprising at least two coplanar electrode arrays, characterized in that these barriers have, at their apex, a zone of low permittivity with a thickness greater than 3 ⁇ m and less than or equal to one-fifth of their total height, which has a mean dielectric permittivity at least three times lower than the dielectric permittivity of these barriers evaluated at their base.
  • JP2000-306517 and JP07-262930 describe plasma panels where it is the dielectric layer positioned on the first slab which has low permittivity zones; in JP07-262930, these areas are located between the cell lines and not between the columns as in the invention; such zones make it possible to limit the expansion of the discharges in the vertical direction of the columns whereas the invention also makes it possible to limit the expansion of the discharges in the horizontal direction of the lines; in these two documents, these zones extend continuously over the entire width or the useful height of the panel and may be in contact with the top of the barriers separating the columns ( Figure 1 of JP2000-306517); note that such areas of low permittivity are particularly difficult to achieve in the thickness of the dielectric layer while the Low permittivity zones according to the invention are much easier to achieve at the top of the barriers.
  • the plasma panel comprises the same elements arranged according to the same structure as the panel of the prior art previously described with reference to FIGS. 1A and 1B, unlike FIG. in that the column barriers 15 comprise a base layer 15a in contact with the dielectric layer 17 covering the electrode array X of the second slab 12, and a continuous top layer 15b, which is applied to the base layer 15a and which extends to the dielectric layer 13 and the protective layer 14 covering the coplanar electrode arrays Y, Y 'of the first slab 11.
  • the coplanar electrodes each have a constant width over their entire useful length, and the electrode arrays are more economical to perform and the assembly of the slabs is not penalized by alignment constraints.
  • the thickness or height D a of the base layer and the average dielectric permittivity E a of the material which constitutes it on the one hand, the thickness or height D b of the top layer and the permittivity dielectric average E b of the material which constitutes the other hand, are adapted so that E is greater than E b and that D is greater than D b, of preference for E ⁇ E b and 3 for D 4 D ⁇ b; the top layer therefore corresponds to a continuous zone of low permittivity of the barriers; the thickness of the crown layer thus represents at most one fifth of the total height of the barriers; to obtain a significant confinement effect, the thickness of this layer should be greater than 3 ⁇ m.
  • the principle of the invention therefore consists in substantially lowering the capacity of the column barriers at their top, here on a small part D b of the height of these barriers, that is to say in the vicinity of the protective layer 14 and the dielectric layer 13 on which the maintenance discharges are spread out, so that the electrical capacitance is very low in the upper part of these barriers in contact with the coplanar slab 11, and that it is higher in the other part of these barriers.
  • This heterogeneity of electric capacitance of the barriers specific to the invention makes it possible to tighten the equipotential lines in the zone of low capacitance situated on the surface of the dielectric layer and the protective layer covering the coplanar electrodes of the slab 11, and therefore better confining the spread of maintenance discharges to the dielectric surface without "overflow" on the sides of the barriers.
  • the higher the height D b of the crown layer is smaller than the height of the base layer D a and the lower the dielectric permittivity E b of the crown layer is in front of the average dielectric permittivity E a of the base layer, more the electric potential is low on the spreading surface of the discharges near these barriers, by capacitive divider effect resulting from the two-layer structure previously described barriers.
  • the position V of the first negative equipotential is here merged with the surface of the dielectric layer and the protective layer covering the electrode Y. During maintenance periods, the discharges will therefore no longer spread over the barriers, which corresponds to the general objective pursued by the invention.
  • the layer of low permittivity E b is formed atop the barrier at the level of barrier portions that correspond to the expansion zone of the discharge, so that at the barrier portions which correspond to the inter-electrode gap G and to the initiation zone, the top of the barriers has a permittivity E a identical to that of the base layer.
  • each column separation barrier comprises, at its vertex and over its entire width, a succession of zones of low permittivity 15b 'which extend on either side of the gap separating the electrodes of each pair from a line at the boundary between the priming zone Z a and the expansion zone Z b , behind the priming edges 191 of the electrodes of this pair; conventionally, this boundary line is separated from the initiation edge of at most 80 microns; in other words, the width of the initiation zone Z a is at most 80 ⁇ m; these areas of low permittivity the same thickness and the same dielectric permittivity as the zone of low permittivity previously described.
  • zones of initiation of low permittivity barrier zone discharges, it is then advantageously obtained a more uniform electric field over the entire length of the priming edges 191 of the electrodes, which advantageously allows to obtain the same properties of ignition only in the panels of the prior art previously described.
  • areas of low permittivity 15b 'according to the invention can confine landfills as described above, depending on the objective of the invention.
  • the thickness or height D c of the upper layer and the mean dielectric permittivity E c of the material which constitutes the other hand are designed such that E is greater than E c and that D is greater than D c, preferably for E ⁇ E c and 3 so that D ⁇ 4 D c;
  • the upper layer corresponds to a zone of low permittivity of the barriers; the thickness of the upper layer thus represents at most one fifth of the total height of the barriers; to obtain a significant confinement effect, the thickness of this layer should be greater than 3 ⁇ m.
  • the zone 15b or 15c of low permittivity may for example be formed by a porous layer of aluminum oxide, the remainder of the barriers namely here the base layer 15a of higher permittivity for example being formed of a vitreous layer of lead oxide.
  • FIG. 11 represents a third embodiment of the invention that combines the first and the second embodiments described above; the barriers thus comprise three superposed layers: a first base layer 15a of thickness D a and of relative permittivity E a resting on the dielectric layer 17 covering the electrode array X of the second slab 12, a second layer 15c 'of thickness D 'c and relative permittivity E' c covering the whole of the second plate 12 as in the second embodiment, and a third layer 15b thickness D b and E b relative permittivity covering only the top barriers as in the first embodiment.
  • the third layer of low permittivity 15b may for example be a porous layer of aluminum oxide
  • the first layer 15a of higher permittivity may be a vitreous layer of lead oxide
  • the second layer 15c 'corresponding to the intermediate zone of high permittivity may be for example a layer based on TiO2 or BaTiO3.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Gas-Filled Discharge Tubes (AREA)
EP03758097A 2002-09-27 2003-09-18 Panneau de visualisation a plasma a electrodes coplanaires de largeur constante Expired - Lifetime EP1543536B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0212931A FR2845199A1 (fr) 2002-09-27 2002-09-27 Panneau de visualisation a plasma a electrodes coplanaires de largeur constante
FR0212931 2002-09-27
PCT/EP2003/050639 WO2004034418A1 (fr) 2002-09-27 2003-09-18 Panneau de visualisation a plasma a electrodes coplanaires de largeur constante

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1543536A1 EP1543536A1 (fr) 2005-06-22
EP1543536B1 true EP1543536B1 (fr) 2006-11-08

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EP03758097A Expired - Lifetime EP1543536B1 (fr) 2002-09-27 2003-09-18 Panneau de visualisation a plasma a electrodes coplanaires de largeur constante

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US (1) US7372205B2 (ja)
EP (1) EP1543536B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP4430542B2 (ja)
KR (1) KR100985077B1 (ja)
CN (1) CN100355006C (ja)
AU (1) AU2003274114A1 (ja)
DE (1) DE60309599T2 (ja)
FR (1) FR2845199A1 (ja)
MX (1) MXPA05003213A (ja)
WO (1) WO2004034418A1 (ja)

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KR20050104550A (ko) * 2004-04-29 2005-11-03 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 전자 방출 표시장치
KR100692095B1 (ko) * 2005-02-04 2007-03-12 엘지전자 주식회사 플라즈마 디스플레이 패널의 격벽, 플라즈마 디스플레이 패널 및 그의 제조방법
KR20120076373A (ko) * 2010-06-04 2012-07-09 파나소닉 주식회사 플라스마 디스플레이 패널 및 표시장치

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JP3511667B2 (ja) * 1994-03-18 2004-03-29 富士通株式会社 面放電型ガス放電パネル
JP2663915B2 (ja) * 1995-05-31 1997-10-15 日本電気株式会社 プラズマディスプレイパネル
US6023130A (en) * 1995-09-06 2000-02-08 Kyocera Corporation Plasma display substrate and a production method thereof
JP3674107B2 (ja) * 1995-10-03 2005-07-20 三菱電機株式会社 面放電型ａｃ型プラズマディスプレイパネル
JPH11120923A (ja) * 1997-10-20 1999-04-30 Kyocera Corp プラズマディスプレイパネル
TW423006B (en) * 1998-03-31 2001-02-21 Toshiba Corp Discharge type flat display device
WO2000019479A1 (fr) * 1998-09-29 2000-04-06 Fujitsu Limited Procede de fabrication d'un ecran a plasma et d'une structure de substrat
JP3478167B2 (ja) * 1999-04-21 2003-12-15 日本電気株式会社 プラズマディスプレイパネル及びその製造方法
JP3898383B2 (ja) * 1999-07-16 2007-03-28 京セラ株式会社 プラズマディスプレイパネルおよびその製造方法
US7034443B2 (en) * 2002-03-06 2006-04-25 Lg Electronics Inc. Plasma display panel
KR100505986B1 (ko) * 2003-07-16 2005-08-03 엘지전자 주식회사 플라즈마 디스플레이 패널 및 그 제조방법

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Publication number Publication date
JP4430542B2 (ja) 2010-03-10
US7372205B2 (en) 2008-05-13
AU2003274114A1 (en) 2004-05-04
EP1543536A1 (fr) 2005-06-22
CN100355006C (zh) 2007-12-12
MXPA05003213A (es) 2005-12-12
DE60309599D1 (de) 2006-12-21
DE60309599T2 (de) 2007-09-06
JP2006515951A (ja) 2006-06-08
FR2845199A1 (fr) 2004-04-02
US20060138959A1 (en) 2006-06-29
KR100985077B1 (ko) 2010-10-04
KR20050040944A (ko) 2005-05-03
WO2004034418A1 (fr) 2004-04-22
CN1685462A (zh) 2005-10-19

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