EP1535476A1 - Ensemble pour representer une scene/un objet dans l'espace - Google Patents

Ensemble pour representer une scene/un objet dans l'espace

Info

Publication number
EP1535476A1
EP1535476A1 EP03750477A EP03750477A EP1535476A1 EP 1535476 A1 EP1535476 A1 EP 1535476A1 EP 03750477 A EP03750477 A EP 03750477A EP 03750477 A EP03750477 A EP 03750477A EP 1535476 A1 EP1535476 A1 EP 1535476A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flat screen
optical assembly
structure plate
image
optical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03750477A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Markus Klippstein
Dieter Storch
Günter Ross
Uwe Jahrmarkt
Hans-Jürgen ROSSBACH
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
X3D Technologies GmbH
Original Assignee
X3D Technologies GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE20213819U external-priority patent/DE20213819U1/de
Priority claimed from DE10248786A external-priority patent/DE10248786A1/de
Priority claimed from DE10256905A external-priority patent/DE10256905A1/de
Application filed by X3D Technologies GmbH filed Critical X3D Technologies GmbH
Publication of EP1535476A1 publication Critical patent/EP1535476A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement for the spatial representation of a scene / an object, in which a multiplicity of individual image elements contain partial information from more than two views of the scene / object, comprising an image display device for reproducing the image elements and an optical assembly , which has a plurality of optical elements, preferably filter elements, and which, in relation to the viewing direction of a viewer, is arranged upstream of the image display device, the positions of the optical elements within the optical assembly being predetermined such that the light emitted by the image elements spreads in directions that intersect in viewing positions, from which partial information of a first selection of the views from the one and partial information of a second selection of the views can be seen from the other eye of one or more viewers.
  • DE 1 00 37 437 AI describes a structure plate which is suitable for monoscopic and autostereoscopic image display on flat screens.
  • Technical features are disclosed which enable the structure plate to be reversibly attached to a flat screen.
  • the structure plate is connected via a suitable mechanical connection. hung on the outer frame of the corresponding flat screen at the top.
  • a disadvantage of this solution is the dependence of the structure plate on the shape of the frame, ie the structure plate cannot necessarily be used with any flat screen.
  • WO 99/05559 discloses a method in which a flat screen with a lenticular screen can be operated as an autostereoscopic display. While the teaching disclosed here provides explanations for the control of the flat screen with defined image information in order to achieve an autostereoscopic effect, the details of a practical anchoring of the lenticular to the respective flat screen are not discussed. The teaching of this document does not solve the problem of a - in particular reversible, that is to say releasable - mechanical connection of an optical assembly designed as a lenticular screen to the flat screen.
  • GB 472,562 A teaches a stereoscopic display device in which an optical assembly in the form of a barrier screen (“grating”) is removably integrated. Aids for adjusting the barrier screen in the device are described in order to ensure stereoscopic display.
  • grating barrier screen
  • US Pat. No. 5,500,765 A describes how the effect of a lenticular can be eliminated by folding a complementary lens arrangement over it. This virtually turns off the 3D display. This approach initially only works with lenticular systems and also requires the production of an exactly complementary lens arrangement.
  • a barrier screen is reversibly attached in front of an image generator by means of an insert.
  • a switch from 2D to 3D is already achieved, but again only special imagers can be used. Only such imagers come into question that are in their Housing have a corresponding slot for the barrier shield. This means that the use of specially designed screen housings is essential. Said barrier screen cannot easily be attached in front of any flat screen.
  • the further proposed variants for folding away or rolling up the barrier screen require, as it were, additional constructions on the imaging device.
  • EP 0829744 A2 proposes a polarizing film which acts as a barrier screen.
  • the barrier screen is attached to the top of the screen.
  • the film cannot be attached to any imaging device in a few simple steps.
  • a removable wavelength filter array is described in DE 200 1 3 873 Ul.
  • the filter array is integrated in a cartridge, for example.
  • the cartridge is simply slipped over the imager for reversible conversion; the cartridge is removed for 2D applications.
  • monitor housings since there are many different types of monitor housings, it is at least not easy to produce a cartridge that can be used for a very large number of different monitor types and thus many different monitor housings.
  • a filter array that can be plugged onto a monitor is disclosed. This requires an additional device on the monitor housing.
  • a 2 D / 3 D switchable display is disclosed in JP 2002-084553 A.
  • a lens is installed and removed to switch from 2D to 3D.
  • a special configuration of the display or of its housing is disadvantageously necessary in order to ensure the switchover from 2D to 3D.
  • EP 0535989 B1 describes an optical viewing device, e.g. an anti-glare filter, which is designed for self-assembly on monitors (also of different sizes).
  • a frame construction frames an optical screen. It also includes a semi-flexible membrane. The device can be placed on a monitor by means of this membrane. A practically reversible conversion of a monitor to an autostereoscopic monitor is not possible with this device.
  • DE 431 5146 AI describes a display with an image area and a transparent cover, the cover being latched onto the image area or can be removed from it.
  • locking lugs are provided, which snap into the end faces of the base plate.
  • the object of the invention is to create an arrangement of the type described in the introduction, in which the optical assembly is largely connected to the image display device independently of the design of the particular image display device used, and in a simple manner again by the image display device can be removed.
  • the optical assembly should be as inexpensive and simple to implement as possible and easy to handle.
  • a method is to be specified which, using such an optical assembly, enables inexpensive retrofitting between monoscopic and autostereoscopic display of the scene / object.
  • the object of the invention is achieved according to claim 1 in that the image display device and the optical assembly are detachably connected to one another by means of a fastening device, with the attachment of the optical assembly to the image display device changing from a monoscopic to an autostereoscopic image display and conversely, with the removal of the optical assembly from the image display device, the change from an autostereoscopic to a monoscopic image is achieved.
  • the optical assembly has a structure plate, the structures of which form the plurality of optical elements; a flat screen is provided as the image display device, and means are provided as a fastening device for influencing the air pressure between the structure plate and the surface of the flat screen, whereby the optical assembly is held on the flat screen when a negative pressure is generated between the structure plate and the surface of the flat screen, and when generating a normal or positive pressure between the structure plate and the surface of the flat screen, the detachment of the optical assembly from the flat screen is achieved.
  • the structure plate is advantageously flat. It is also advantageous if a frame surrounds the structure plate on its outer edges. This simultaneously stabilizes the structure plate.
  • the frame which is made of metal, for example, can be made relatively thin, ie a few 100 ⁇ m thick.
  • the frame has one or more spacers for the defined spacing of the structure plate from the surface of the flat screen. This distance is sometimes necessary to achieve an autostereoscopic impression on the flat screen.
  • the structure plate and frame unit can be designed such that when this unit is placed on a flat screen, an essentially airtight cavity is formed between the structure plate and the surface of the flat screen.
  • This airtight cavity in particular allows the embodiment of the invention in the manner mentioned: namely, the desired negative pressure between the structure plate and the surface of the imager can then be easily generated.
  • the means for influencing the air pressure between the structure plate and the surface of the flat screen preferably comprise at least one hand-operated or electrically operated pump and / or a valve. In this way, the arrangement according to the invention can be implemented simply and inexpensively.
  • the means for influencing the air pressure can comprise a movable and air-impermeable hem which is attached to the frame and which is designed such that when the optical assembly is pressed against a flat screen between the structure plate and the surface of the flat screen, a vacuum is created, whereby the entire Assembly is held on the flat screen.
  • the means for influencing the air pressure can furthermore comprise a valve which, if necessary, brings about pressure compensation between the location of the negative pressure and the outside air pressure, so that the optical assembly can be easily removed.
  • This embodiment of the invention is also simple and inexpensive to manufacture.
  • the movable and airtight hem can be be made of plastic or rubber.
  • the optical assembly further comprises strip-shaped sections made of rubber. These sections are used in particular to seal joints against air permeability within the optical assembly.
  • At least one suction foot also for generating negative pressure, can be provided, which serves for the reversible fastening of the structural plate to the flat screen and thus ensures the reversible fastening of the optical assembly.
  • a flat screen is again provided as the image display device, and an adhesive medium, preferably a liquid, is provided as a means for attaching the optical assembly to the flat screen, this medium should absorb as little light as possible and, for example, from cedarwood oil consists.
  • the adhesion between the atoms or molecules of the medium on the one hand and the atoms or molecules of the surface of the flat screen or the optical structure plate on the other hand is used.
  • the optical assembly can be detached by moving it or using a small amount of force to break the adhesive connection.
  • optical assemblies described so far it can furthermore be advantageous if they also comprise strip-shaped sections made of hem. Such hem sections serve to avoid scratches on the flat screen.
  • the outer dimensions of the optical assembly are preferably designed such that they rest on or lie on the flat screen with one or more of its outer edges, ie for example with the frame, on housing sections of the flat screen.
  • This enables, among other things, a first rough alignment of the structure plate in relation to the structure of the imaging surface of the flat screen.
  • a prerequisite for achieving a spatial impression is the display of suitable images on the flat screen.
  • Such images can be image combinations of several views of a scene, for example perspective views.
  • the expression “combination image” here means an image combined from image information of several views in rows and / or columns.
  • wavelength filter arrays which are suitable for autostereoscopic display.
  • the separation of partial images for autostereoscopic display does not necessarily have to be complete in the context of the use of a wavelength filter array, that is to say that both viewer eyes only see a selection from different views for the most part. You can even see a certain percentage of image information that can be assigned to the same view at the same time. The generation of a 100% optical field separation is not always necessary.
  • a conventional monoscopic, i.e. Two-dimensional display in uninfluenced and full resolution visible on the flat screen From this, a normal 2D image of an object is produced or, for example, text is also displayed.
  • the structure plate has a multilayer structure.
  • the structure plate can consist of a substrate with a laminated or printed wavelength filter array.
  • the substrate is preferably as stable as possible, as thin as possible and as fully transparent as possible, e.g. as a glass pane.
  • the wavelength filter array should preferably be on the imaging side, i.e. on the side of the substrate facing the flat screen.
  • the structure plate is used in combination with a tracking unit for the detection of the eye position one or more viewers should be used.
  • the structure plate can then be controlled, for example, via a PC, which evaluates the respective detected eye position of an observer, in such a way that an optimal effect of the structure plate is achieved in relation to the observer and a constant spatial impression is conveyed to the latter.
  • Such tracking devices are well known in connection with the spatial representation and do not require any further explanation here.
  • the frame and / or the means for influencing the air pressure and / or the suction base are advantageously configured as being largely not in the image field of the flat screen. This can e.g. can be achieved by making the squeegee very small. Furthermore, as already mentioned, the frame can also be very narrow. In addition, the respective means for influencing the air pressure can be incorporated as far as possible at the edge of the optical structure plate or - at least partially - into the frame of the optical assembly, if it is present.
  • the invention can be used for example for flat screens of the type LCD or plasma displays.
  • any other type of image display device can also be used.
  • a tube monitor could also be used if the geometry of the optical assembly is adapted to the shape of the tube.
  • the structure plate covers, for example, only a part of the flat screen and / or is only partially introduced into or removed from the viewing beam path.
  • the optical assembly can additionally have a bracket at the upper end, which serves to temporarily hold the optical assembly when it is removed from the flat screen.
  • the bracket would e.g. temporarily raked on the upper edge of the flat screen housing. It can optionally be designed to be removable from the optical assembly.
  • the optical assembly has a structure plate with a large front and rear surface and circumferential narrow surfaces, and there is at least one fastening element which projects rigidly or movably on at least one of the narrow surfaces, the fastening of the optical Assembly is aimed by pushing the fastening element between two components of the flat screen, preferably between a section of the imaging module and a section of the housing.
  • the optical assembly can be attached to and removed from the housing of the flat screen used for the most part, as is generally the case in flat screens between the imaging module and the housing, due to the manufacturing process, having narrow grooves into which the fastening element, which is designed, for example, as a fastening lug, can be introduced.
  • optical assembly is simple and inexpensive to manufacture.
  • the optical assembly is particularly user-friendly in that it can be attached to and removed from a flat-screen monitor very easily without much previous knowledge.
  • the optical assembly according to the invention is attached to a flat screen, this is used as a 3D screen, provided that suitable image content is shown. If an uninfluenced, normal 2D representation is desired, the optical assembly is removed from the flat screen.
  • the imaging module is, in particular, the assembly or component of a flat screen (e.g. TFT-LCD or plasma display) which contains the respective image-reproducing surface.
  • a flat screen e.g. TFT-LCD or plasma display
  • the imaging module may also be electronic or other types of components which are quasi inseparable from the respective imaging module.
  • the structure plate In order to ensure the most universal usability of the structure plate, it is also preferably designed in this case in such a way that it can be positioned within housing projections of the flat screen which protrude in the direction of a viewer via the imaging module of the flat screen.
  • the dimensions of the front or rear large surface of the structure plate should essentially correspond to those of the visible image surface of the imaging module of the respective flat screen. If, for example, an optical assembly for 1 5.1 "TFT LCD screens has a 4: 3 aspect ratio, the structure plate, more precisely the large front and rear surfaces, should have dimensions of 307.2 mm x 230.4 mm, for example.
  • the outer dimensions of the optical assembly are such that it rests or rests with one or more of its outer edges on housing sections of the flat screen, in particular on the housing projections mentioned.
  • the housing projection on the underside of the screen of a flat screen comes into consideration; the optical assembly can just as well rest against a right and / or left and / or upper inner edge of the housing projection.
  • the optical assembly has two or more fastening lugs that protrude from at least two of the narrow surfaces of the structure plate.
  • At least two fastening lugs are provided, at least one of the fastening lugs being movably connected to the structure plate via a mechanical displacement and / or a rotating device, so that the corresponding fastening lug is attached to a flat screen when the optical assembly is attached such a relative position to the structure plate can be brought in which it essentially does not protrude on a narrow surface, and for the reversible attachment of the optical assembly to said flat screen can be brought into such a position relative to the optical structure plate in which it protrudes from a narrow surface and is located between two components of the flat screen at the same time.
  • Such a displacement device can comprise at least one slide rail and / or a bolt.
  • Such a twisting device preferably comprises at least one hinge and / or one bolt.
  • At least one of the fastening lugs movably connected to the structural plate has a handle which allows the fastening lug to be moved manually.
  • Each of the fastening lugs is preferably provided with such a handle.
  • the optical assembly is even easier to use if the mechanical displacement and / or rotating device contains a restoring element, for example a spring, for at least one of the fastening lugs.
  • This resetting member brings the fastening lug into a specific position relative to the structure plate, preferably into such a position where the fastening lug protrudes from a narrow surface of the structure plate. Then the user only has to retract the fastening nose when fastening the optical assembly to the flat screen against the spring force. If the optical assembly is attached to the flat screen, releasing the corresponding handle is sufficient to anchor the optical assembly to the flat screen.
  • the optical assembly is advantageously designed with rectangular dimensions of the large areas of the structure plate and with two fastening lugs each on the left and right narrow side of the structure plate, both fastening lugs rigidly connected to the structure plate on one narrow side and both fastening lugs movably connected to the structure plate on the other narrow side are.
  • At least one clamp can be provided on the optical assembly, preferably on a narrow surface of the structure plate.
  • This clamp is used to create a clamp connection between the narrow surface of the structure plate and a housing part of a flat screen.
  • Such clamps can be used advantageously if no movable fastening lugs are provided.
  • At least one of the fastening lugs has a length that is between
  • Each fastening nose can be inexpensively designed as a narrow plate, in particular as a metal plate (for example made of thin stainless steel).
  • the fastening lugs should preferably not protrude into the visible area of the image area of the imaging module of the flat screen so that no picture elements are covered. If necessary, the fastening lugs should be located under non-transparent components of the structure plate, such as opaque filters of a wavelength or grayscale filter array, so as not to influence the image display.
  • a fastening lug is connected directly and rigidly to the structure plate, it can still have a connecting piece, which preferably consists of metal or plastic and is firmly clamped, riveted or otherwise permanently attached to the structure plate.
  • each fastening lug is preferably designed such that it holds the structure plate in the state of being fastened to the flat screen at a defined distance, preferably at a distance of 1 mm to 8 mm, from the imaging module of the flat screen. This can easily be ensured by the aforementioned connecting piece having a corresponding length extension.
  • the optical assembly continues to have a frame which wholly or partially surrounds the structure plate at least on its narrow surfaces and via which the fastening lugs are rigidly or movably connected to the structure plate, the fastening lugs being consecutive, particularly on the frame stand out from the outside.
  • the phrase “protruding a fastening lug on a narrow side” is included, that is to say that the respective fastening lug protrudes not only on a narrow side, but in particular also on the respective frame (outwards).
  • Such a frame on the one hand achieves better durability of the optical assembly, since potential mechanical loads, such as external forces, te, not only on the structure plate, but also on the frame.
  • a frame is also made of metal - in particular from a rust-resistant steel or aluminum - or from plastic.
  • the frame can also serve to space the optical structure plate from the flat screen. For this purpose, it is formed at a corresponding height, as a result of which the fastening lugs are correspondingly spaced from the large surface of the optical structure plate that is at the rear in the viewing direction.
  • the optical assembly also comprises strip-like sections made of hem or rubber, which are preferably attached to the fastening lugs and serve to avoid scratches on the flat screen.
  • Each embodiment of the optical assembly described so far preferably has a structure plate which comprises at least one wavelength filter array, a grayscale filter array, a lenticular screen, a barrier screen, a polarization filter array, a lens grid or a prism grid.
  • a structure plate which comprises at least one wavelength filter array, a grayscale filter array, a lenticular screen, a barrier screen, a polarization filter array, a lens grid or a prism grid.
  • this fact does not preclude the fact that several of the aforementioned arrays or rasters, also in different combinations, can be present together on one structure plate.
  • the structure plate preferably comprises at least one filter array, which consists of a multiplicity of wavelength filters, grayscale filters and / or polarization filters.
  • the optical assembly when it is mounted on a flat screen, specifies defined directions of propagation for the light emitted by the individual picture elements of the picture module of the flat screen by means of the effect of its structure plate, one picture element of the picture module with several assigned wavelengths, grayscale or polarization filters of the filter array or a wavelength, grayscale or polarization filter of the filter array corresponds to several assigned picture elements of the imaging module in such a way that the straight line connecting the center of gravity of the cross-sectional area of a visible section of the picture element and the center of gravity of the cross-sectional area of a visible section of the wavelength .
  • Grayscale or polarization filter corresponds to a direction of propagation.
  • the structure plate of the optical assembly is designed in such a way that it contains optical components for separating partial images - for example wavelength filters - only on part of its surface, while the rest of the surface is kept largely inactive or transparent.
  • a further advantageous embodiment comprises additional means for adjusting the optical assembly in relation to its position relative to the flat screen.
  • These means are formed in particular by a micrometer screw and / or an eccentric.
  • the micrometer screw or the eccentric then exert a force in a defined manner on a component of the flat screen, preferably on the imaging module and / or a housing section, so that the relative position of the optical assembly is influenced by the force setting.
  • Such an adjustment may be necessary when using lenticular screens in order to configure the imaging of the lenticulars in interaction with the positions of the picture elements for an optimal autostereoscopic display.
  • the optical assembly can have at least one handle, which can be designed to be removable.
  • the handle allows the optical assembly to be easily transported when it is not attached to a flat screen.
  • the structure plate preferably has a multilayer structure.
  • transparent carrier substrates such as glass or PMMA, on which further, preferably optically effective layers are applied are suitable as layers.
  • Such layers can be, for example, a lenticular screen made of PMMA or adhesive films for joining the next adjacent layers.
  • the structure plate preferably consists of a substrate with a laminated or printed wavelength or grayscale filter array.
  • the filter array is arranged on the back of the substrate in the viewing direction.
  • a glass pane is preferably used as the substrate. If the filter array is laminated on, it can be produced beforehand as an exposed film or as an exposed film. Printing methods for printing filter arrays on (glass) substrates are known in the prior art and require no further explanation here.
  • the filter arrays can also be evaporated onto a substrate or applied lithographically. It is important to ensure that all substrates have the highest possible transparency for optimal light output.
  • means for movably mounting the structure plate on the flat screen can also be provided.
  • Roller bearings or rails are suitable for this.
  • Such configurations can be of interest when using autostereoscopic eye position tracking methods, for example if the optics for separating partial images, in this case the structure plate, is to be tracked to a changed eye position of the viewer.
  • a bracket can also be provided at the upper end of the optical assembly, which is used to hold the optical assembly when it is removed from the flat screen, the bracket being optionally removable.
  • the bracket is thus plugged into the assembly shortly before the optical assembly is removed from the assembly and temporarily hung or clamped around the upper end of the flat panel housing.
  • the bracket is then temporarily held by the bracket.
  • the bracket is then with the Assembly removed from the flat screen. The bracket is then removed from the assembly so that it can be accommodated more easily, for example in a protective cover made of velvety material.
  • a flat screen is provided as the image display device, which comprises at least one imaging module and a housing, and magnetic means are provided as the fastening device for the optical assembly, which likewise has a structure plate.
  • At least one ferro- or paramagnetic component can be rigidly or movably attached to the structure plate, and there can be at least one permanent magnet in strip form that has an adhesive surface with which it is glued to the housing of a flat screen, whereby the optical construction Group is releasably attached to the flat screen by attaching the ferro- or paramagnetic component of the structure plate to the strip-shaped permanent magnets.
  • the ferromagnetic or paramagnetic component can advantageously be formed in or as a frame of the optical assembly, the frame enclosing the structure plate. Such a frame also increases the stability of the optical assembly. It is of course also possible that the imaging module and the housing of the flat screen used are designed as a structural unit.
  • At least one permanent magnet can be rigidly or movably attached to the structure plate and at least one strip-shaped component can be present, which has ferro- or paramagnetic properties and is permanently glued to the housing of the flat screen, whereby the optical assembly can be detachably attached to the flat screen, by attaching the permanent magnet of the structure plate to the ferro- or paramagnetic strip-shaped component.
  • a first permanent magnet can be rigidly or movably attached to the structure plate and at least one second strip-shaped permanent magnet can be provided, which is designed such that it attracts the first permanent magnet and a
  • the ferromagnetic or paramagnetic component can also advantageously be formed in or as a frame of the optical assembly in these embodiments, said frame enclosing the structure plate.
  • the ferro- or paramagnetic component or even a strip-shaped magnet that is present in each case can be incorporated within the housing of the flat screens.
  • the respective component incorporated into the housing would then not be visible from the outside, but would nevertheless be sufficiently magnetically effective.
  • the ferro- or paramagnetic component provided as part of the optical assemblies can be omitted.
  • the optical assembly would then consist in particular of at least one structure plate and at least one strip-shaped permanent magnet.
  • the optical assembly is preferably designed such that the structural dimensions of the structure plate are greater than or equal to the visible area of the imaging module of the flat screen used. However, this is not absolutely necessary. If, for example, only a part of the imaging module is to be designed to be perceptible in three dimensions, the structure plate can also be made smaller. In this application, however, it is also possible to restrict the optically active components on the structure plate to the desired image field.
  • an optical assembly is also made easier for the user, for example, if its outer dimensions are designed such that, when it is attached to the flat screen, it rests on one or more of its outer edges on housing sections of the flat screen, in particular on housing projections , The user can then attach the optical assembly to the housing using one or more stops.
  • the strip-shaped permanent magnet or the ferro- or paramagnetic components Te can also have stop angles to which an outer edge of the structure plate is placed for easier alignment. Two or three stop angles on different sides of the flat screen housing are particularly favorable, since a clear position of the optical assembly is thus determined. This makes it possible to carry out the software calibration for the actual position of the optical assembly only once, since the optical assembly is always brought into the exact same position due to the stop angle.
  • Software calibration is then usually necessary in order to match the image to be displayed on the imaging module of the flat screen, which is combined from several views, in its image combination structure to the actual position of the optical assembly or, in particular, the structure plate contained therein.
  • the structure plate has at least one layer which is vapor-coated with a ferromagnetic or paramagnetic material, preferably only at the edge.
  • the object of the invention is also achieved by a separate frame which is designed to temporarily accommodate the optical assembly and which has an adhesive surface with which the frame is permanently glued to the housing of a flat screen, whereby the optical assembly is releasably attached to the flat screen is attached by inserting it into the separate frame glued to the housing of the flat screen.
  • the object of the invention is achieved with at least one flexible clip, with the aid of which the structure plate is to be fastened to the flat screen, in that the clip presses on the structure plate on the one hand and, on the other hand, extends around at least part of the housing of the flat screen and on one another part of the housing exerts a permanent force, whereby the structure plate is held on the flat screen.
  • the object of the invention is achieved by an arrangement of the type described at the outset, in which the imaging module has an angle of inclination greater than zero with respect to the vertical and the housing approximately below that Bottom edge of the screen surface of the imaging module has a housing projection in the viewing direction, at least comprising:
  • a flat structure plate which ensures the separation of partial images for an autostereoscopic display on flat screens, and - At least one spacer rigidly attached to the lower edge of the back of the structure plate, with the aid of which the optical assembly is placed on a housing projection, so that
  • the structure plate is held due to the force of gravity and because of the existing inclination of the imaging module relative to the vertical on the flat screen, preferably the upper edge of the structure plate lies on the outside of the upper part of the housing of the flat screen or is stored at a distance from the imaging surface by a further spacer is.
  • Such inclined imaging modules are common, for example, in mobile computers such as notebooks or laptops.
  • This embodiment variant of the invention can therefore be used particularly cheaply with such devices.
  • the mobile device contains a touch screen, for example, which is located a few millimeters from the imaging surface of the imaging module, the above-mentioned spacers can even be omitted entirely. It is sufficient here if the optical assembly only contains the structure plate and this is fitted within existing housing projections.
  • the structure plate can then be easily removed for 2D use.
  • the latter variant is particularly advantageous in the case of the so-called PDA computers and similar devices.
  • an inclination of the screen surface to the vertical is generally necessary in order to prevent the structure plate from falling out, unless the structure plate is fitted into existing housing projections under mechanical tension.
  • the structural plate should have a substantially rectangular outline.
  • other shapes are also conceivable, such as rounded or polygonal shapes.
  • Such a structural plate can be provided on its circumference with one or more recesses which facilitate removal from the housing or the housing projections.
  • the corners can be rounded or cut off sem.
  • the invention further relates to a method for temporarily converting a flat screen to an autostereoscopic flat screen using an optical assembly as described above.
  • the process according to the invention comprises the following process steps:
  • a flat screen with at least one imaging module and a housing, the housing projection of which forms an indentation in front of the imaging module of the flat screen, which is large enough to partially or essentially accommodate the structural plate of the optical assembly, reversibly attaching the optical assembly to the Flat screen, in that at least one of the fastening lugs on the optical assembly is pushed between two components of the flat screen, preferably between a section of the imaging module and a section of the housing.
  • the first two process steps can also be interchanged, for example if a flat screen and then the optical assembly are provided. Basically, this method is carried out every time a user attaches an optical assembly to a flat screen in a reversible manner, that is to say it can be removed again, and for a limited time, that is to say temporarily.
  • Manufacture or provide an optical assembly that meets at least one of the claims - Manufacture or provide a flat screen with at least one imaging module and a housing, the housing projection of which forms an indentation in front of the imaging module of the flat screen, which is large enough is to partially or substantially accommodate the structure plate of the optical assembly,
  • the process step of permanently attaching the optical assembly to the flat panel display is preferably supplemented by performing at least one of the following actions, the latter process step being replaced: Creating an adhesive connection between at least one of the narrow surfaces of the structure plate of the optical assembly and a component of the flat panel display, for example using double-sided adhesive tape or an adhesive, and / or
  • Component of the flat screen for example using double-sided adhesive tape or an adhesive, in that the double-sided adhesive tape or the adhesive is applied to the large surface behind in the viewing direction or on the frame of the structure plate before attaching the optical assembly, and by attaching the optical
  • Assembly connects to the flat screen a drying time of the adhesive or the double-sided adhesive tape, and / or
  • Creating an adhesive bond by introducing a fluid, e.g. Cedarwood oil, between the structure plate or its frame and a component of the flat screen, and / or
  • a fluid e.g. Cedarwood oil
  • the invention further relates to a method for temporarily converting a flat screen to an autostereoscopic flat screen using an optical assembly according to one of the embodiments described above. processing variants, comprising the following process steps:
  • the last-mentioned step naturally also includes the application in which at least a first and at least a second permanent magnet belong to the optical assembly.
  • the stripe-shaped permanent magnet or the stripe-shaped ferro- or paramagnetic component is preferably glued to the flat screen at the front of the screen housing.
  • This adjustment is used in particular to influence the interaction between the optical structure plate and the picture elements of the imaging module of the flat screen in such a way that the separation of partial images is optimized for an autostereoscopic display. If, for example, a lenticular is contained on the optical structure plate, this would be aligned in such a way that its main cylinder lens apex direction lies at a defined angle or parallel to the columns of said picture elements.
  • the adjustment is preferably carried out as follows:
  • test image is preferably an image combined from n (n> 2) views in rows and / or columns and exactly (n-1) of the views each correspond to a completely black area and exactly one view a completely white or a fully always corresponds to a blue or a completely green or a completely red surface
  • n (n> 2) views in rows and / or columns and exactly (n-1) of the views each correspond to a completely black area and exactly one view a completely white or a fully always corresponds to a blue or a completely green or a completely red surface
  • Such a maximally extended white or colored area can, but need not, be visible over the entire visible monocular image section.
  • One or more visible polygons or partial areas with round outer shapes are also conceivable as the maximum overall areas. To see monocularly, the user only has to close one eye.
  • the image combination structure on which the combination of the n (test) views is based should correspond to the structure plate used. If a wavelength filter array is contained on the structure plate, the respective filter array examples described in the utility model DE 201 21 31 8 U1 would preferably be the image combination examples mentioned in each case for the combination of the test views for the adjustment process.
  • a further step can follow the previously mentioned method steps: presentation of an image composed of several views of a scene and / or an object on the imaging module in order to achieve an autostereoscopic display.
  • presentation of an image composed of several views of a scene and / or an object on the imaging module in order to achieve an autostereoscopic display.
  • the person skilled in the art knows how an image composed of several views can be achieved; in this regard, reference is repeatedly made to WO 01/56265 A.
  • the image combination may take place in such a way that at least one smallest physical image element of the imaging module, preferably a color subpixel, contains image information. tion from picture elements of two different views is assigned simultaneously.
  • This fact serves the compression of the image information and / or the adaptation of the spatial representation to a desired optimal viewing distance, taking into account the distance of the image module surface to the layer separating the partial views of the optical structure plate (see also DE 1 01 45 1 33 Cl) or likewise Adaptation of the displayed image content to a potential rotation of the optical structure plate or the optical assembly relative to the imaging module of the flat screen.
  • the image combination is preferably such that a possible rotation of a preferred direction of the image elements of the image generator, for example the columns of the image elements, becomes a quasi-parallel preferred direction of a grid on the optical Structural plate, for example the columns of the filter elements, is largely compensated for by varying the horizontal and / or vertical period of the views in the respective image combination structure provided for the image represented on the image elements of the image generator in such a way that a position which is next to each other is followed by a sequence preferred direction defined by image information of one and the same view on the varied image combination structure approximately parallel to a filter element on the wavelength or grayscale filter array, which is next to one another by a sequence of non-opaque y defined preferred direction.
  • the image combination can take place in such a way that any undesired rotation (ie non-parallelism) that may be present leads to a preferred direction of the image elements, for example the image elements arranged in columns a quasi-parallel preferred direction of a grid on the structure plate, for example the filter elements arranged in columns, is largely compensated for by rotating the image shown on the picture elements in a complementary manner.
  • quadsi-parallel preferred directions essentially means the directions which intersect at an angle of approximately a maximum of 5 ° .
  • the complementary rotation of the displayed image can be used of the aforementioned approach, which simultaneously assigns image information from image elements of two different views to at least one smallest physical image element of the imaging module.
  • the invention can also be used on monitors that do not belong to the group of flat screens.
  • the optical structure plate would have to have a curvature, if necessary, in order to ensure a sufficient separation of partial images for stereoscopic display.
  • FIG. 2 shows the illustration of a second embodiment variant of the optical assembly
  • FIG. 3 shows the basic illustration of an optical assembly
  • FIG. 5 shows a section of an optical assembly, in which a frame is provided, which also serves as a spacer
  • FIG. 6 shows a section of an optical assembly, in which a frame and at least one movable fastening lug is provided
  • FIG. 7 shows a section of an image combination composed of eight views, which is suitable for a spatial representation
  • FIG. 8 shows an example of the structure of a wavelength filter array, which is suitable for a spatial representation in cooperation with the image combination shown in FIG. 7, 9 and FIG. 0 0 examples of possible view mixtures which are visible to one observer eye on the basis of a wavelength filter array according to FIG. 8 and an image combination structure according to FIG. 7,
  • FIG. 11 shows a detail of an image combination composed of four views, which is suitable for a spatial representation
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of the structure of a wavelength filter array, which is suitable for spatial representation in cooperation with the image combination shown in FIG. 1,
  • Fig. 1 3 and Fig. 4 show examples of possible view mixtures that are visible to a viewer's eye, based on a wavelength filter array
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic illustration of the case in which the structure plate is attached to the flat screen in a rotated manner
  • 1 6 is a schematic diagram for correcting the rotation outlined in FIG. 5, thanks to a modified image content (partial representation),
  • FIG. 17 shows a schematic diagram of a possible visible mixture of views for an observer eye in the event that a wavelength filter array is attached to the flat screen in a rotated manner (partial illustration),
  • 1 8 is a schematic diagram for correcting the rotation sketched in FIG. 7, thanks to a modified image combination structure (partial illustration),
  • 19 shows a schematic diagram of a preferred direction (detail representation) defined by a sequence of respectively adjacent positions of image information of one and the same view on an image combination structure
  • FIG. 20 shows a schematic diagram of a filter element on a preferred direction defined by a sequence of non-opaque filter elements on a wavelength filter array, which is attached to a flat screen, and
  • 21 shows a schematic diagram of a preferred direction defined by a sequence of respectively neighboring positions of image information of one and the same view on a varied image combination structure (partial representation).
  • the optical assembly consists of an optical structure plate 1, a frame 2 for receiving the structure plate 1 and means 3 for influencing the air pressure between the structure plate 1 and the surface of a flat screen.
  • the flat screen is not shown in the drawing and would be located below the optical assembly according to the invention.
  • the surface of the flat screen is aligned vertically and the optical assembly according to the invention is attached to it in a corresponding position.
  • the means 3 for influencing the air pressure are designed here, for example, as a balloon, with the aid of which the air pressure between the structure plate 1 and the surface of the flat screen can be influenced.
  • the idea according to the invention can thus be easily implemented: the optical assembly is attached to the structure plate 1 and the surface of the flat screen when a negative pressure is generated, which can be achieved, for example, by compressing the balloon.
  • the structure plate 1 here consists, for example, of a transparent glass substrate on which there is a wavelength filter array on the flat screen side.
  • the wavelength filter array is indicated in FIG. 1 by the tear-off R ', G', B ', which indicates only a few wavelength filters on the structure plate 1.
  • the filter array comprises a large variety of individual wavelength filters in defined positions, e.g. described in DE 1 00 03 326 C2.
  • the wavelength filter array can be designed as an exposed film which is laminated onto the glass substrate.
  • the filter array is arranged on the back of the glass substrate in the viewing direction.
  • the frame 2 is shown exaggeratedly large in FIG. 1 in order to function better to be able to explain. In reality, it is made narrow in order to cover as few picture elements of the flat screen as possible.
  • the frame 2 surrounds the structure plate 1 all around, as shown in Fig.1. There is a spacer 4 all around on the frame 2, which ensures a defined spacing of the wavelength filter array from the flat screen.
  • the frame 2 with the spacer 4 is shown here separated for the sake of clarity. In the practical embodiment, however, both components are in direct contact with the structure plate 1, so that it is completely enclosed all around.
  • the optical assembly is now attached to a flat screen and the flat screen shows a suitable image with 3D information, then a spatial impression that can be perceived without glasses is achieved. If the optical assembly is removed, the flat screen with undiminished resolution can be used for two-dimensional display.
  • FIG. 1 A further exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. Again, an optical structure plate 1, consisting of a glass substrate with a laminated filter array, and a frame 2, which surrounds the structure plate 1, are provided.
  • an optical structure plate 1 consisting of a glass substrate with a laminated filter array, and a frame 2, which surrounds the structure plate 1, are provided.
  • a hem 6 here, which is made, for example, of rubber or plastic and which ensures that it is attached when the entire optical assembly is pressed onto the image surface of a flat screen.
  • the entire optical assembly looks like a suction cup.
  • further means can be provided, for example a valve, not shown in the drawing, which, if necessary, brings about pressure compensation between the outside air pressure and the space between the structure plate 1 and the surface of the flat screen. After pressure equalization, the entire optical assembly can be easily removed from the flat screen.
  • FIG. 3 shows the basic illustration of an optical assembly 5.
  • the optical assembly 5 is designed for the separation of partial images for an autostereoscopic display on a flat screen and for attachment to the flat screen, which has at least one imaging module and a housing. As shown in the drawing, the optical assembly 5 includes at least the following components:
  • a structure plate 1 which has a front 1 .2 and a rear large area 1 .1 and circumferential narrow areas 7.1, 7.2., 7.3 and 7.4 and ensures the separation of partial images for an autostereoscopic display on flat screens, and
  • At least one fastening lug 8 which is rigidly or movably connected to the optical structure plate 1 and protrudes on at least one narrow surface of the structure plate 1 (in the drawing, the narrow surface 7.2), the fastening lug 8 serving to detachably the optical assembly 5 on the flat screen to be attached by pushing it between two components of the flat screen, preferably between a section of the imaging module and a section of the housing.
  • optical assembly 5 largely independent of the housing design of the flat screen used in each case can be attached to it and optionally removed again, since generally flat cracks are present in flat screens between the imaging module and the housing, into which the fastening lug 8 is inserted can be.
  • optical assembly 5 is simple and inexpensive to manufacture.
  • the assembly 5 is particularly user-friendly on the one hand in that it can be attached to the flat screen by an operator without great previous knowledge.
  • the structure plate 1 In order to ensure the most universal usability of the structure plate 1, it is preferably designed in such a way that it can be positioned within housing projections of the flat screen which protrude in the direction of a viewer via the imaging module of the flat screen.
  • This is achieved according to FIG. 4 in particular by designing the optical structure plate 1 with external dimensions of the front and rear large surfaces 1 .1, 1 .2, which are smaller or equal to the dimensions of the indentation 1 0 formed on the housing of the flat screen by the housing projections 9 are.
  • the indentation 1 0 is accordingly delimited on the sides by housing projections 9 which are usually present in flat screens and from the rear as a rule directly by the imaging module.
  • FIG. 4 now shows in particular a schematic diagram for attaching an optical assembly 5 according to the invention to a flat screen.
  • the optical assembly 5 with the structural plate 1, which usually forms the largest volume portion of the assemblies 5, is inserted into such an indentation 10, the fastening lugs 8 serving for the purpose of fastening the optical assembly 5 to the flat screen by these fastening lugs 8 between two components of the flat screen, preferably - as shown here - between a section of the imaging module and a section of the housing, which corresponds here to the right edge of the housing projection 9.
  • the imaging module is not highlighted in the drawing, but is conceivable as a rear limitation of the indentation 1 0.
  • the optical assembly 5 is designed in its outer dimensions in such a way that one or more of its narrow surfaces 7.1, 7.2, 7.3 and 7.4 contact the housing sections of the flat screen, in particular the housing projections 9. or is pending.
  • the housing projection 9.4 present on the underside of the image surface of a flat screen comes into consideration, as shown in FIG. 4;
  • the optical assembly 5 can just as well rest against a right or left or upper edge of the housing projection 9.
  • the large areas 1 .1, 1 .2 of the structure plate 1 advantageously have an essentially rectangular outline, as can be seen in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the large areas 1 .1, 1 .2 should have an extent that is greater than or at least the same size as the extent of the image area of those imaging modules on which the optical assembly 5 is to be used. It is also advantageous if two or more fastening lugs 8 are provided for the optical assembly 5, which protrude on at least two of the narrow surfaces 7.1, 7.2, 7.3 and 7.4.
  • FIG. 5 shows a further advantageous embodiment of the optical assembly 5, in which a frame 11 is provided, which at the same time serves as a spacer between the structure plate 1 and the imaging module.
  • the mounting lugs 8 are rigidly attached to the frame 11, on the side facing the flat screen.
  • the fastening lugs 8 accordingly protrude on the frame 11 and not only on the narrow side of the structural plate 1.
  • the frame 11 has, for example, a groove, not shown in the drawing, in which the structural plate 1 is rigidly framed.
  • FIG. 5 The illustration in FIG. 5 is only to be understood as a schematic diagram based on a detail.
  • the frame 11 is mostly around the entire structure plate 1, i.e. be formed on four sides of the structure plate 1.
  • the frame 1 1 can e.g. be made of commercially available metallic profile bars or plastic.
  • FIG. 5 Another very advantageous embodiment of the optical assembly 5 is shown in FIG.
  • the drawing is again not to scale and represents only a small section of the optical assembly 5.
  • a plurality of fastening lugs 8 are provided, only one of which is shown here.
  • At least one of the fastening lugs 8 is movably connected to the structure plate 1 via a mechanical displacement device, so that the fastening lug 8 can be brought into a relative position to the structure plate 1 when the optical assembly 5 is attached to a flat screen, in which it essentially does not a narrow surface (here the narrow surface 7.2) or on the frame 11 protrudes, and that for the reversible attachment of the optical assembly 5 on the flat screen can be brought into such a position relative to the structural plate 1, in which it is on the narrow surface 7.2 or Frame 1 protrudes and is located between two components of the flat screen.
  • a mechanical displacement device so that the fastening lug 8 can be brought into a relative position to the structure plate 1 when the optical assembly 5 is attached to a flat screen, in which it essentially does not a narrow surface (here the narrow surface 7.2) or on the frame 11 protrudes, and that for the reversible attachment of the optical assembly 5 on the flat screen can be brought into such a position relative to the structural plate
  • Such a displacement device can comprise, for example, at least one slide rail 12, which is not shown in detail in the drawing. Furthermore, Dungsplättchen 1 3 provided which mechanically connect the mounting lug 8 with a handle 14, which allows the manual movement of said mounting lug 8. Preferably, each of the fastening lugs 8 movably connected to the structural plate 1 is provided with such a handle 14.
  • the connecting plates 13 are inexpensive made of thin sheet metal or other materials, e.g. Plastic.
  • the slide rail 12 can either be integrated in the frame 1 1 as a guide groove or attached to the underside of the frame 1 1 in the form of profiled sheets. Other designs are conceivable. It is crucial that the slide rail specifies a — preferably straight — movement guide for the movement of the respective fastening lug 8.
  • FIG. 6 shows yet another advantageous detail in the formation of movably mounted fastening lugs 8, because the optical assembly 5 is even easier to use if the mechanical displacement device for at least one of the fastening lugs 8 contains a reset element 15, for example a spring.
  • This reset member 15 is connected to the frame 11 by means of a holder 16 and, in the absence of external force, brings the fastening lug 8 into a certain relative position to the structural plate 1, preferably into a relative position in which the fastening lug 8 protrudes from one of the narrow surfaces 7.2.
  • the user For the purpose of fastening the optical assembly 5 to the flat screen, the user only has to pull back the fastening lug 8 and thus bring it into a relative position in which the fastening lug 8 does not protrude from the narrow surface 7.2. If the optical assembly 5 is attached to the flat screen, releasing the corresponding handle 14 is sufficient to anchor the optical assembly 5 to the flat screen.
  • the fastening lug 8 is brought back into a position relative to the structural plate 1, in which it protrudes on the narrow surface 7.2 or on the frame 11 and is thus pushed between a housing section 9 and the imaging module of the flat screen, whereby the entire optical assembly 5 is attached to the flat screen.
  • fastening lug 8 For easy handling of several movable fastening lugs 8, these can also be mechanically connected with a single handle. Besides, it is conceivable that the fastening lug 8, when it is in connection with a reset member 15, releasably engages in the relative position in which it does not protrude from the narrow surface 7.2. The user would then cause the nose to disengage by moving the respective handle 14. In this way, there can be a plurality of movably mounted fastening lugs 8 on the optical assembly 5, which the user can simultaneously move using a handle 14.
  • the fastening process of the optical assembly 5 on the flat screen is simplified for the user, since when attaching all of the fastening lugs 8 on the corresponding narrow surfaces 7.1 to 7.4 or on the respective frame 11 do not necessarily protrude. The same applies to disassembly from the flat screen.
  • the structure plate 1 preferably comprises a wavelength filter array.
  • Wavelength filter arrays are e.g. known from DE 100 03 326 C2, from WO 01/56265 A and from DE 201 21 31 8 Ul.
  • the wavelength filter array specifies directions of propagation for the light emitted by the individual picture elements, one picture element with several assigned wavelength filters or one wavelength filter with several assigned picture elements corresponding in such a way that the connecting straight line between them the center of gravity of the cross-sectional area of a visible section of the picture element and the center of gravity of the cross-sectional area of a visible section of the wavelength filter corresponds to a direction of propagation.
  • the directions of propagation intersect in a variety of viewing positions.
  • FIG. 7 An example of the possible structure of such a combined image, referred to in the following image combination, is shown in FIG. 7.
  • This structure, or the image combination, which is suitable for a spatial representation is exemplified here from eight Views composed.
  • the image elements in columns R, G, B represent image information of the corresponding colors red, green and blue of the respective views.
  • the numbers of the views "one" to "eight" are shown, from which the respective picture element obtains its picture information of the corresponding position of the picture element, as is also described in DE 1 00 03, among others 326 C2 is described in detail.
  • FIG. 8 also shows an example of the structure of a wavelength filter array, which is well suited for spatial representation in combination with the structure of an image combination shown in FIG. As in FIG. 7, the respective structure is only shown in part in FIG.
  • the wavelength filter array therefore only contains transparent and opaque filter elements in rows q and columns p.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 show examples of possible view mixtures that are visible to an observer eye, based on a wavelength filter array according to FIG. 8 and an image combination structure according to FIG. 7. It is thus illustrated how the spatial impression is created.
  • a transparent or opaque filter element is, for example, approximately 0.032 mm wide and approximately 0.298 mm high, although other dimensions are conceivable. Since three transparent filters are generally horizontally adjacent, one transparent box shown in FIG. 8 corresponds to the direct connection of three adjacent transparent filters, such a connection then being approximately 0.096 mm wide.
  • optical assembly 5 Another advantageous embodiment of the optical assembly 5 with regard to the structure of the wavelength filter array and the image combination structure to be displayed accordingly on the flat screen is described below.
  • FIG. 1 A possible further structure of such an image combination is shown in FIG.
  • the image combination shown here is composed of four views as an example and is also suitable for a spatial representation.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example (not shown to scale) of the structure of a wavelength filter array, which is suitable for spatial representation in combination with the structure of an image combination shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 1 2 shows the respective structure only in part.
  • the wavelength filter array therefore only contains transparent and opaque filter elements in rows q and columns p.
  • a transparent or opaque filter element is, for example, approximately 0.064 mm wide and approximately 0.298 mm high, although other dimensions are also conceivable. Because in the As a rule, three transparent filters are horizontally adjacent, one transparent box shown in FIG. 1 corresponds to the direct connection of three adjacent transparent filters, such a connection then being approximately 0.1 92 mm wide.
  • FIGS. 13 and 14 show examples of possible view mixtures that are visible to an observer eye, on the basis of a wavelength filter array according to FIG. 1 and an image combination structure according to FIG. 11. In this case it is also illustrated how the spatial impression is created.
  • the method step of permanently attaching the optical assembly 5 to the flat screen is preferably supplemented by performing at least one of the following steps and thereby replacing the last-mentioned method step:
  • Creating an adhesive bond by introducing a fluid, e.g. Cedarwood oil, between the structure plate 1 or its frame 1 1 and a component of the flat screen, and / or - creating a fixed connection between the structure plate 1 and the flat screen by soldering or welding.
  • a fluid e.g. Cedarwood oil
  • Such an adjustment of the relative position can be particularly advantageous if an edge of the optical structure plate 1 and an adjacent edge of the image area of the imaging module are not aligned as far as possible parallel to one another.
  • the adjustment is preferably carried out as already described above.
  • test image represents an image combination structure with eight views according to FIG. 7.
  • the views "two" to "eight” represent a completely black area, while the view “one” represents a completely red area.
  • a position of the structure plate 1 relative to the imaging module of the flat screen should be found in which there is a maximally extended red visible area in the visible monocular image.
  • a structure plate 1 with a wavelength filter array Fig.l 2 is equipped, preferably using an image combination structure for the test image according to Fig.1 1 adjust.
  • the practical advantage consists in particular in being able to use a single type of optical assembly 5 for different types of imaging modules, in particular those with different pixel periods (“pixel pitches”).
  • the respective adaptation of the representation of an image combination is then carried out by a corresponding one Software done.
  • the image combination can take place in such a way that any possible rotation of a preferred direction of the image elements, for example the image elements arranged in columns, to a quasi -parallel preferred direction of a grid on the optical structure plate 1, for example the columns of filter elements, is largely compensated for by rotating the image shown on the picture elements accordingly.
  • the corresponding rotation of the displayed image can take place with or application of the aforementioned approach, which simultaneously assigns image information of two different views to at least one smallest physical image element. This state of affairs is explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 5 and 1 6.
  • Fig. 5 shows a schematic representation of a case in which the optical structure plate 1 is rotated on the flat screen.
  • Such a rotation would occur, for example, if an optical assembly 5 is attached to a flat screen and rests on an inner side of a housing projection (for example, 9.4) (see FIG. 4), the main direction of expansion of the housing projection 9.4 being a slight one for manufacturing reasons Has rotation with respect to the row direction (or column direction) of the imaging module.
  • a corresponding angle of rotation would typically assume absolute values of up to approximately 1 ° or less, but a larger absolute value is conceivable.
  • FIG. 1 6 shows a schematic diagram for correcting the rotation sketched in FIG. 5 by means of a correspondingly modified image content.
  • the columns H, I, J, K and L stand for the columns of the picture elements and the rows M, N, O, P and Q for the rows of the picture elements of the imaging module 1 7 in the grid 1 8.
  • the image content for the actual image elements of the imaging module 17 in columns H to L and the lines M to Q are generated in such a way that the image information for each individual image element of the grid 1 8 is determined in accordance with the respective rotation, as illustrated in FIG. 1 6, and is subsequently displayed on the image elements of the imaging module 1 7.
  • the actual picture elements of the grid 18 and the virtual picture elements of the grid 19 are each of identical shape and size. This includes that, for example, red sub-pixels have a different shape than green sub-pixels. Correspondingly, the grid 19 would then be constructed from virtual picture elements.
  • the determination of the image information for each individual virtual image element of the grid 1 8 is preferably carried out in such a way that the virtual grid 1 9 projects in its rotated position onto the grid 1 8 from actual picture elements in the columns H to L and the rows M to Q and for each virtual picture element, the area proportions for the respective views of the picture combination structure on which the actual picture elements are based are first determined.
  • the dashed-framed picture element in the second column and third line of the grid 1 8 would be mixed about 80% picture information of the view "two", about 8% picture information of the view "one", about 9% picture information of the view Contain "one” and about 3% image information of the view "eight".
  • the correspondingly mixed image information (for example, as a weighted average of the digital values for the respective image information) can now be easily calculated for the image element of the grid 1 8 considered in more detail. It should be noted that the information of the correct color channel R, G, B is always obtained, i.e. If, for example, the picture element framed with dashed lines emits green light, green information must be obtained from the next adjacent grid points.
  • mapping the image information of the top left virtual image element onto the top left actual image element as the relative orientation of the two rasters (the raster 1 9 and the raster 1 8 from actual image elements of the imaging module), provided that both said image elements each have image information for include the same wavelength.
  • Other relative orientations are of course conceivable.
  • Missing information for virtual or actual picture elements on the edge of the respective raster would be simply compensated for by black picture information, for example.
  • optical structure plate 1 has a wavelength filter array according to FIG. 8.
  • Fig. 7 shows a detail of a schematic diagram of a possible visible mixture of views for an eye of a viewer in the event that a wavelength filter array is attached rotated to the flat screen.
  • the image combination now takes place in such a way that a preferred direction of the imaging elements of the imaging device, for example the columns of the imaging elements, rotates to a quasi-parallel preferred direction of a grid of the structure plate, for example the columns of filter elements, is largely compensated for by varying the horizontal and / or vertical period of the views in the respective image combination structure provided for the image displayed on the image elements of the image generator in such a way that a sequence which is next to each other by a sequence Positions of image information of one and the same view on the varied image combination structure defined preferred direction approximately parallel to a filter element defined on the wavelength or grayscale filter array by a sequence of non-opaque neighboring filters n preferred direction.
  • FIG. 7 An image combination structure to be used advantageously for a filter array according to FIG. 8 is shown there. This image combination structure is based on the illustrations according to FIGS. 1 to 7 and 21.
  • FIG. 7 A basic sketch for correcting the rotation outlined in FIG. 7 by a modified image combination structure is now shown in FIG.
  • the image combination structure shown in FIG Box corresponds exactly to one picture element, stretched in height by a factor of 1.27. The size of the picture elements remains unchanged, the structure is stretched.
  • the preferred direction defined by a sequence of respectively adjacent positions of image information of one and the same view has been changed. It is now approximately parallel to the preferred direction, which is due to a sequence of non-opaque neighboring ones Filter elements on the wavelength or grayscale filter array is defined.
  • FIG. 19 shows a schematic diagram (section view) of a preferred direction defined by a sequence of respectively adjacent positions of image information of one and the same view (here view “one”)
  • the preferred direction is drawn with the oblique thick line and here has, for example, an angle of rise to the horizontal of ⁇
  • FIG. 20 shows a schematic diagram of a preferred direction defined by a sequence of non-opaque (here transparent) filter elements.
  • This preferred direction is also drawn in with the oblique thick line and here has, for example, an angle of rise to the horizontal of ⁇ 2 .
  • ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ _ applies in particular.
  • the rise ⁇ is now changed as described above by stretching the height of the image combination structure according to FIG.
  • compression would of course also be conceivable.
  • the image combination structure could also be scaled horizontally.
  • FIG. 21 shows a basic sketch of a preferred direction defined by a sequence of respectively adjacent positions of image information of one and the same view.
  • the varied image combination structure is to be understood as present, ie it corresponds to an image combination rule, which is usually displayed on picture elements of an imaging module, which have dimensions other than the smallest picture elements of the modified picture combination rule (here the boxes with the view numbers corresponding) ,
  • the raster of the modified image combination rule must be projected onto the actual raster of image elements and in each case one image element of the image generator with correspondingly weighted image information from generally different views must be controlled in order to implement the modified image combination rule practically.
  • encrypt the spatial representation by specifying a coding key for moving the various filter elements for the respective structure on the structure plate 1, for example for a wavelength filter array, and by using the image combination structure of the flat screen used in each case for the image combination structure used in each case a suitable decoding key, in particular for shifting the position of the respective views from which the picture element information originates, is used.
  • a suitable decoding key in particular for shifting the position of the respective views from which the picture element information originates.
  • the optical assembly 5 can be used for a large number of different 1 5 "LCD screens (each with an aspect ratio of 4: 3) with a suitable housing projection.
  • Such 1 5" flat screens usually have visible image area dimensions of 307.2 mm x 230.4 mm or also from 304.1 mm x 228.1 mm (each width x height), such as the device of the type "Philips 1 50B".
  • the structure plate 1 consists of a wavelength filter array laminated or printed onto a substrate.
  • This filter array is attached to the large area 1 .2 on the structure plate.
  • a glass plate is used as the substrate, which is preferably approximately 1.5 mm to 2 mm thick. If the filter array is laminated on, it can be produced beforehand as an exposed film or as an exposed film.
  • the wavelength filter array has the basic structure shown in FIG. 8, with in the raster (p, q) shown a column having a width of approximately 33.2 ⁇ m and a line approximately a height of 299 ⁇ m. Slight variations of the dimensions mentioned above by up to +/- 2 ⁇ m can sometimes be advantageous.
  • the filter array structure essentially covers the entire large area 1 .2. The images can be adapted to different sizes of imaging devices by stretching or compressing them.
  • a frame 11 which surrounds the optical structure plate 1 on all narrow surfaces 7.1 to 7.4 with a groove.
  • the frame 1 1 is made of metal, for example made of aluminum or plastic and protrudes approx. 2 mm beyond each narrow surface.
  • the frame 1 1 is each about 4 mm wide on the top and bottom. Accordingly, the groove surrounds the structural plate 1 with about 2 mm on each side.
  • the frame 1 1 is formed in depth so that it protrudes about 0.5 mm further in the direction of the viewer on the large front surface 1 .1. Furthermore, the frame on the large rear surface 1 .2 projects approximately 1.6 mm further in the viewing direction. As a result, the frame 11 also serves as a spacer between the imaging module and the optical structure plate 1.
  • the fastening lugs 8 are designed as thin metal plates which are approximately 2 mm wide and approximately 0.2 mm thick and protrude approximately 4 mm laterally over the frame 11. In contrast, the fastening lugs 8 do not protrude in the direction of the structure plate 1 beyond the frame 11 so that they do not protrude into the visible area of the image area of the imaging module and thus image elements are not covered as far as possible.
  • an optical assembly which comprises at least the following components: a flat rectangular structural plate 1 of dimensions 250 mm x 350 mm x 2 mm,
  • the strip-shaped permanent magnets are preferably glued to the left and right of the imaging surface of a 15 "TFT-LC display.
  • the structure plate 1 here comprises, for example, a glass substrate of approximately 1.9 mm thickness, on which a wave filter array is laminated.
  • the filter array consists of a photographic, exposed and developed film, e.g. of the type AGFA Aliance HN 0.1 mm which, for example, has one of the filter array structures described in the already cited DE 201 21 31 8 Ul. Other filter structures are of course conceivable.
  • the design example mentioned here is inexpensive to manufacture and easy for the user to use.
  • the invention offers several advantages over the prior art.
  • the optical assemblies 5 can be attached to the flat screen to a large extent independently of the housing design and optionally removed again. They are inexpensive and easy to implement.
  • the flat screen used in each case does not require any pre-treatment or post-treatment to convert it to the optical module. There is no need to intervene in proven production processes for flat screens.
  • the methods for the production of autostereoscopic flat screens to be carried out using the optical assemblies 5 can be implemented inexpensively, in particular since the production of an autostereoscopic flat screen according to the invention without special housing designs or without the Opening the housing of an original two-dimensional image flat screen to be used takes place. Furthermore, the components for the retrofit, namely those optical assemblies 5, are inexpensive to manufacture.
  • the invention finds commercial application, for example, in the field of 3D graphics.
  • an optical assembly which is suitable for separating partial images for monoscopic and autostereoscopic image display on flat screens, can be reversibly attached to a flat screen, the attachment being largely independent of the design of the housing of the flat screen.
  • the image generators can be designed for color reproduction as well as monochrome.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un ensemble de représentation spatiale, comprenant un dispositif de reproduction d'images et un bloc optique (5) composé d'une pluralité d'éléments optiques, notamment d'éléments filtrants. La position des éléments optiques permet à un observateur de percevoir, avec un oeil, des informations partielles d'une première sélection de vues d'une scène/d'un objet, et avec l'autre oeil, des informations partielles d'une deuxième sélection de ces vues. L'invention est caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de reproduction d'images et le bloc optique (5) sont reliés de façon libérable au moyen d'un dispositif de fixation. La fixation du bloc optique (5) sur le dispositif de reproduction d'images permet de convertir la présentation monoscopique en présentation autostéréoscopique et inversement. Le bloc optique (5) comporte de préférence une plaque structurée (1) dont les structures constituent la pluralité des éléments optiques. Le dispositif de fixation consiste en des éléments qui influent sur la pression de l'air entre la plaque structurée (1) et la surface d'un dispositif de reproduction d'images sous forme d'écran plat. Ainsi, le bloc optique (5) est maintenu contre l'écran plat lorsque le vide est créé entre la plaque structurée (1) et la surface de l'écran plat.
EP03750477A 2002-09-03 2003-09-02 Ensemble pour representer une scene/un objet dans l'espace Withdrawn EP1535476A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE20213819U 2002-09-03
DE20213819U DE20213819U1 (de) 2002-09-03 2002-09-03 Optische Baugruppe
DE10248786 2002-10-16
DE10248786A DE10248786A1 (de) 2002-10-16 2002-10-16 Optische Baugruppe und Verfahren zur Herstellung von autostereoskopischen Flachbildschirmen
DE10256905 2002-12-03
DE10256905A DE10256905A1 (de) 2002-12-03 2002-12-03 Optische Baugruppe und Verfahren zur Herstellung von autostereoskopischen Flachbildschirmen
PCT/EP2003/009723 WO2004023823A1 (fr) 2002-09-03 2003-09-02 Ensemble pour représenter une scène/un objet dans l'espace

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1535476A1 true EP1535476A1 (fr) 2005-06-01

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EP03750477A Withdrawn EP1535476A1 (fr) 2002-09-03 2003-09-02 Ensemble pour representer une scene/un objet dans l'espace

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EP (1) EP1535476A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2005535000A (fr)
AU (1) AU2003270137A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004023823A1 (fr)

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JP2008512696A (ja) * 2004-08-31 2008-04-24 エックス３ディー テクノロジーズ ゲーエムベーハー 三次元画像表示配置物
US20090273720A1 (en) * 2005-09-21 2009-11-05 Fujitsu Ten Limited. Display Apparatus, and Methods for Inspecting and Manufacturing the Same, and Methods for Inspecting and Manufacturing Display Panel
EP1989890A1 (fr) 2006-02-24 2008-11-12 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Affichage autostéréoscopique
WO2008020417A2 (fr) * 2006-08-18 2008-02-21 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Dispositif d'affichage autostéréoscopique et son procédé de fabrication
DE102007047470B3 (de) * 2007-09-28 2009-05-28 Visumotion Gmbh Verfahren zur Ausrichtung eines Parallaxenbarriereschirms auf einem Bildschirm
DE102008052835A1 (de) 2008-10-20 2010-04-22 3D Jtvm Ltd. Verfahren zur Positionieren eines optischen Elements auf einer Bildwiedergabeeinrichtung
AT507984B1 (de) * 2009-03-10 2012-01-15 Cochius Gabriela Adapterscheibe
KR101428171B1 (ko) 2012-07-12 2014-08-07 주식회사 포스코 디스플레이 장치 및 그 제조방법
CN113099213B (zh) * 2021-04-09 2024-04-26 焦作大学 一种三维图像显示处理装置和方法

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EP0695960A1 (fr) 1994-07-21 1996-02-07 Eastman Kodak Company Méthode et appareil pour l'assemblage d'images stéreoscopiques

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JP3255087B2 (ja) * 1997-06-23 2002-02-12 株式会社エム・アール・システム研究所 立体画像表示装置
DE20002149U1 (de) * 2000-01-25 2000-04-20 4D Vision Gmbh Anordnung zur räumlichen Darstellung einer Szene/eines Gegenstandes
DE10037437C2 (de) * 2000-07-24 2002-06-20 Hertz Inst Heinrich Strukturplatte für monoskopische und stereoskopische Bilddarstellung auf Flachbildschirmen
DE20013873U1 (de) * 2000-08-04 2001-03-01 4D Vision Gmbh Anordnung zur wahlweisen Darstellung von zweidimensional oder dreidimensional wahrnehmbaren Bildinhalten
JP2002084553A (ja) * 2000-09-11 2002-03-22 Canon Inc 立体ディスプレイ装置
DE20106691U1 (de) * 2001-04-18 2001-06-21 Tai Technology Co Einstellbare Parallaxenplatten-Baugruppe zum Betrachten von dreidimensionalen Bildern auf einer Darstellungseinheit

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EP0695960A1 (fr) 1994-07-21 1996-02-07 Eastman Kodak Company Méthode et appareil pour l'assemblage d'images stéreoscopiques

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WO2004023823A1 (fr) 2004-03-18
JP2005535000A (ja) 2005-11-17

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