WO2005025238A2 - Diviseur de faisceau a emplacement de vision ideal pour la separation d'image - Google Patents

Diviseur de faisceau a emplacement de vision ideal pour la separation d'image Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005025238A2
WO2005025238A2 PCT/DE2004/001911 DE2004001911W WO2005025238A2 WO 2005025238 A2 WO2005025238 A2 WO 2005025238A2 DE 2004001911 W DE2004001911 W DE 2004001911W WO 2005025238 A2 WO2005025238 A2 WO 2005025238A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
beam splitter
sweet
lenticular
spot beam
image
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2004/001911
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2005025238A3 (fr
Inventor
Armin Schwerdtner
Original Assignee
Seereal Technologies Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Seereal Technologies Gmbh filed Critical Seereal Technologies Gmbh
Priority to EP04762725A priority Critical patent/EP1658733B1/fr
Priority to DE502004007401T priority patent/DE502004007401D1/de
Priority to US10/570,035 priority patent/US20080247042A1/en
Publication of WO2005025238A2 publication Critical patent/WO2005025238A2/fr
Publication of WO2005025238A3 publication Critical patent/WO2005025238A3/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays
    • H04N13/32—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using arrays of controllable light sources; using moving apertures or moving light sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays
    • H04N13/305—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using lenticular lenses, e.g. arrangements of cylindrical lenses

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an optical imaging system for image separation for an autostereoscopic display, which allows greater freedom of movement for the viewer, consisting of two lenticulars, the strip-shaped lenses of which are arranged parallel in the imaging beam path in the vertical direction and are in the light direction according to an image matrix.
  • the present invention relates to an autostereoscopic display with beam splitter and the representation of two views.
  • a viewer can usually only receive a crosstalk-free stereo image if his eyes are very precisely at predetermined locations. These are also referred to as sweet spots in the literature. If, for example, a fixed barrier with a duty cycle of 1: 1 is used as a beam splitter, each sweet spot is reduced to one point, or more precisely, to a vertical line. If the viewer moves his eyes out of these lines, crosstalk occurs. The right eye sees parts of the image that are intended for the left eye and vice versa. A similar disadvantage applies to the use of other beam splitters, for example a lenticular.
  • the crosstalk causes additional pseudoscopic images which differ from the intended stereo images by depth reversal (US Pat. No. 6,055,013).
  • the object of the invention is therefore to create an optical imaging system for image separation for autostereoscopic displays, the dimensioning and positioning of which ensure sufficiently large visibility areas in the form of extensive sweet spots for at least one viewer.
  • the sweet spot beam splitter according to the invention for image separation for an autostereoscopic display is arranged downstream of an image matrix in the direction of light propagation and consists of a first lenticular and a subsequent second lenticular.
  • the stripe lenses of the lenticulars are arranged in the imaging beam path in the vertical direction parallel to one another and to the columns of the image matrix.
  • the image matrix contains column-shaped, pair-wise 3D image information for the right and left eye of an observer.
  • the lenticulars are at a distance from one another which is approximately in the range of the focal length of the second lenticular, the second lenticular being offset by approximately half a stripe lens width from the first lenticular.
  • the image information-bearing columns of the matrix can be imaged through the first lenticular approximately twice as wide on the stripe lenses of the second lenticular, so that the light bundles emerging from the second lenticular and producing the sweet spots consist almost of parallel rays.
  • These parallel beams represent an ideal case, which can also be slightly diverging or converging beams.
  • they create areas of crosstalk-free vision, the lateral extent of which corresponds to at least one eye relief.
  • This area comprises the sweet spot given by the interpupillary distance and stereoscopic vision without crosstalk and an adjoining area which enables monoscopic but crosstalk-free vision.
  • the sweet spot area preferably has the maximum width and thus corresponds to the distance between the eyes.
  • the sweet spot beam Splitter equipped with a field lens or a combination of field lenses, which is located after the second lenticular in the direction of light.
  • a field lens can be a cylindrical or a spherical field lens or a combination of these field lenses, wherein a spherical lens can also be replaced by two crossed cylindrical field lenses.
  • the field lens is designed as a cylindrical Fresnel lens, which is aligned parallel to the lenticles.
  • the pitch of the Fresnel lens is preferably incommensurable with the pitch of the image matrix, so that there are no places in the viewing area where an observer could see several error-prone column images at the same time.
  • the incommensurable ratio of the pitches can be described, for example, by a fraction of prime numbers. This advantageous embodiment applies analogously to spherical field lenses.
  • the field lens is designed as a Fresnel lens, its structured side preferably points in the direction of the sweet spot.
  • the field lens can also be designed as a holographic optical element (HOE).
  • a field lens is integrated in the second lenticular and forms a combined, functionally connected lens.
  • an enlargement of the sweet spots can considerably reduce the very high demands on the positioning of the sweet spot beam splitter depending on the viewer position. This also reduces the requirements for determining the accuracy of the position finder and for the latency of the tracking system. Changes in the position of the viewer within the sweet spot are tolerated without changes in the quality of the 3D representations.
  • the requirements for the accuracy of the observer's distance from the display are also reduced.
  • the viewer now has a certain scope for the display. Overall, it can move in a diamond-shaped area without crosstalk occurring.
  • the latency of the tracking system also has a positive effect. It can be enlarged without a negative impact on the 3D image quality.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of the image of an untracked autostereoscopic display with an image matrix and conventional beam splitter.
  • 2 according to the prior art, a schematic representation corresponding to FIG. 1, the viewer having changed his position laterally;
  • 3 shows a schematic representation of the image of an untracked autostereoscopic display with an image matrix and a sweet spot beam splitter according to the invention;
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic illustration corresponding to FIG.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of the creation of a sweet spot for both eyes of an observer with the beam splitter according to the invention
  • 6 shows a schematic representation of the extent of a sweet spot for the right eye of an observer with the beam splitter according to the invention
  • 7 shows a schematic illustration of the sweet spot areas in which a viewer can move to the maximum without losing the stereo impression
  • 8 shows a schematic representation of a further embodiment of the beam splitter according to the invention with reduced pitches
  • 9 shows a schematic illustration of the combination of the lenticulars L1 and L2 to form a compact unit
  • 10 shows a schematic illustration of a further embodiment of the invention
  • 11 shows a schematic representation of a further embodiment of the invention corresponding to FIG. 9
  • FIG. 12 shows an embodiment of the sweet spot beam splitter with a field lens.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 All representations are drawn as top views. According to the prior art, the illustration for an untracked autostereoscopic display with a conventional beam splitter is shown schematically in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • FIG. 1 shows a representation of the optical image of an untracked autostereoscopic display with an image matrix and a conventional beam splitter according to the prior art.
  • An image matrix M, a conventional beam splitter S and the left eye EL and the right eye ER of a viewer are shown successively in FIG. 1 in the direction of light.
  • a right and a left stereo image IR and IL are nested alternately in columns.
  • the sweet spot carrying the image information here has the extent of a point or a vertical line. If the viewer is exactly in the sweet spots with his eyes, he sees stereo without crosstalk. The right eye can only see the right stereo image, the left eye only the left stereo image.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation corresponding to Fig. 1, wherein the viewer has changed his position laterally - according to the prior art The viewer has moved a little to the right compared to FIG. 1, the former eye position being shown in dashed lines. With his right eye ER he also sees part of the left stereo image IL and with his left eye EL a part of the right stereo image IR. These views lead to a pseudoscopic 3D representation in which the impression of depth is reversed. The pseudoscopic image is superimposed on the remaining and weakened stereo image. It is therefore perceived much more clearly than crosstalk of pixels in normal 2D operation.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate the illustration for an autostereoscopic display with a beam splitter according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of the image of an untracked autostereoscopic display with an image matrix and a sweet spot beam splitter according to the invention.
  • the image matrix M is followed by a sweet spot beam splitter S according to the invention, which, compared to the conventional beam splitter, causes an enlarged lateral extent of the sweet spots in the region of both observer eyes.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic illustration corresponding to FIG. 3, the viewer having changed his position laterally.
  • the directional arrows show that the viewer has moved a little to the right without leaving the area of the sweet spot and thereby losing the stereo impression. Likewise, he can move the same distance to the left. Due to the enlarged sweet spot areas produced according to the invention, the viewer is no longer bound to a rigid and uncomfortable holding of his position.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of the formation of a sweet spot for both eyes of an observer with the beam splitter according to the invention.
  • the sweet spot beam splitter S is shown in more detail. It is arranged between the viewer and the image matrix M.
  • the image matrix M contains Column-like paired 3D image information for the right and left eye of an observer.
  • the sweet spot beam splitter S consists of two lenticulars L1 and L2.
  • the parallel strip-shaped lenses of both lenticulars L1 and L2 are arranged parallel to one another in the beam path in the vertical direction.
  • the distance between the lenticulars is approximately the focal length of the second lenticular L2.
  • the lenticulars L1 and L2 are offset by approximately half a pitch, that is to say half a striped lens width.
  • the right and left columns of the image matrix M are completely imaged by the first lenticular L1 on the corresponding lenses of the second lenticular L2.
  • a lens element of the lenticular L2 is completely filled with the image of the corresponding column of the image matrix M.
  • the striped lenses of the lenticulars L1 and L2 are thus two pixel or column widths wide in this preferred embodiment, the striped lenses of L1 in this and in the two following figures each covering two pixel columns of the image matrix M.
  • the rays preferably leave the lenticular L2 almost parallel, to be recognized by the highlighting of the ray path in the illustration.
  • the features of the beam splitter according to the invention - the spacing of the lenticulars in the range of the focal length of the second lenticular, the offset of the stripe lenses of the second lenticular compared to the first lenticular as half the stripe lens width and the mapping of the image-bearing columns of the matrix by the first lenticular in double width onto the stripes lenses of the second lenticular - can be described in a generalized view as a second-order system.
  • the idea of the invention is not left even in the case of appropriate higher-order systems or their mixed forms.
  • FIG. 6 shows the formation of a sweet spot for the right eye of an observer in an arrangement of the sweet spot beam splitter analogous to FIG. 5.
  • a right-hand information-bearing column CR with the image IR is replaced by the first Lenticular L1 mapped onto the second lenticular L2 and leaves the lenticular L2 as an almost parallel beam in the direction of the right eye of the observer.
  • the parallel beam represents an ideal case, it can also be a slightly diverging or converging beam. Every single point of a column in lenticular L1 has the same image content.
  • Each parallel beam that can be assigned to a corresponding column and leaves the lenticular L2 thus also carries its content.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic representation of the sweet spot areas in which a viewer can move to the maximum without losing the stereo impression. It is illustrated which spatial areas as a whole through the use of the sweet spot beam splitter S according to the invention with one sweet spot for both
  • a sweet spot area which is larger in the observer plane than the eye relief, consists of the area given by the eye relief and crosstalk-free stereoscopic vision
  • the sweet spot is preferably at a maximum and is an eye relief.
  • the enlargement of the sweet spots preferably relates to displays in landscape format, the color sub-pixels of the image matrix being split up vertically or horizontally.
  • the pitches of the lenticulars L1 and L2 are the same and correspond to the double pitch of the image matrix M.
  • the pitch of the lenticulars L1 and / or L2 can be changed.
  • the pitches of the lenticulars L1 and L2 are, in relation to the pitch of the image matrix M, shortened in perspective by the observer distance.
  • the observer distance is determined by the halving point of the eye distance in the preferred viewing distance and, for example, the upper edge of the pixel under consideration Image matrix M.
  • a definition by the deflection of the pixel from the horizontal axis of symmetry of the image matrix M is also possible.
  • the pitch of the first lenticular L1 remains constant and the reduction of the pitches only affects the second lenticular L2.
  • a non-linear connection of the pitches, or the inclusion of a correction term in the calculation of the pitches, is conceivable in particular in the case of larger displays or special areas of application.
  • FIG. 9 The combination of the lenticulars L1 and L2 of the sweet spot beam splitter S to form a compact structural unit is illustrated in FIG. 9. Both substrates which carry the lenticulars are firmly connected to one another, for example by gluing. The advantage of this is the separate adjustment of the two lenticulars to each other and the reduction in the number of individual optical elements.
  • Figure 10 illustrates another embodiment of the invention.
  • the lenticular L1 of the sweet spot beam splitter is applied here directly to the panel glass P of the image matrix M. This construction advantageously means that a panel surface is no longer required as a reflection surface.
  • FIG. 11 Another variant of the invention according to FIG. 11 provides that the entire compact beam splitter unit S from FIG. 9 is applied directly to the panel glass P. This can be done by gluing or other suitable connection methods that allow a firm connection. This also achieves a reduction in the number of optical elements and, at the same time, a reduction in the reflective surfaces.
  • the field lens F1 is designed as a cylindrical Fresnel lens, which is aligned parallel to the strip lenses of the lenticles L1 and L2.
  • the pitches of the lenticulars L1 and L2 are constant as in FIG. 5.
  • the pitch of the Fresnel lens F1 is incommensurable with the pitch of the image matrix M, so that there are no places in the viewing area where an observer could see several error-prone column images caused by the pitch of the field lens at the same time.
  • the incommensurable The ratio of the pitches, here 13:17, is most easily derived from a quotient of two prime numbers.
  • the field lens F1 is oriented towards the second lenticular L2 and is flat on its light exit side.
  • the field lens is suitably coated on this side and serves as the cover panel of the display.
  • a combination of field lenses is preferably designed as a one-piece structural unit and can also include the second lenticular L2 here.
  • the invention also covers possible applications which are not listed here, but which are based on the principle according to the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)
  • Microscoopes, Condenser (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Printer (AREA)
  • Exposure Of Semiconductors, Excluding Electron Or Ion Beam Exposure (AREA)

Abstract

Système de représentation optique pour la séparation d'image, désigné sous le terme de diviseur de faisceau à emplacement de vision idéal, pour un afficheur autostéréoscopique. Ledit système permet une plus grande liberté de mouvement d'au moins un observateur en direction latérale et concernant la distance par rapport à l'afficheur par élargissement d'emplacements de vision idéaux jusqu'à la grandeur de l'écart entre les yeux et au-delà. L'observateur peut se déplacer à l'intérieur de cette zone sans perdre l'impression de 3D. Les exigences concernant la précision de positionnement et le temps de réaction du système de poursuite sont ainsi réduites. Ledit séparateur de faisceau à emplacement de vision idéal est constitué d'un premier groupe (L1) de lentilles et d'un second groupe (L2) de lentilles dont les lentilles en forme de bande, dans la trajectoire du faisceau, sont parallèles les unes aux autres et aux colonnes de la matrice d'image (M) et décalées d'une demi-largeur de lentille dans le sens vertical. Leur écart correspond de préférence à la distance focale du second groupe (L2) de lentilles. Les colonnes porteuses d'informations de la matrice d'image (M) sont représentées, à travers le premier groupe (L1) de lentilles, en double largeur sur les lentilles en forme de bande du second groupe (L2) de lentilles. La présente invention améliore considérablement, dans de nombreuses applications, la convivialité d'utilisation d'afficheurs autostéréoscopiques.
PCT/DE2004/001911 2003-08-30 2004-08-30 Diviseur de faisceau a emplacement de vision ideal pour la separation d'image WO2005025238A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04762725A EP1658733B1 (fr) 2003-08-30 2004-08-30 Diviseur de faisceau pour la séparation d'images autostéréoscopiques
DE502004007401T DE502004007401D1 (de) 2003-08-30 2004-08-30 Strahlteiler zur Bildtrennung für Autostereoskopie
US10/570,035 US20080247042A1 (en) 2003-08-30 2004-08-30 Sweet Spot Beam Splitter for Separating Images

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10340089.3 2003-08-30
DE10340089A DE10340089B4 (de) 2003-08-30 2003-08-30 Sweet-Spot-Beamsplitter zur Bildtrennung

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005025238A2 true WO2005025238A2 (fr) 2005-03-17
WO2005025238A3 WO2005025238A3 (fr) 2005-07-07

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US (1) US20080247042A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1658733B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE398893T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10340089B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005025238A2 (fr)

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US20140160380A1 (en) * 2012-12-07 2014-06-12 Superd Co. Ltd. Lens grating based stereoscopic display system

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2005025238A3 (fr) 2005-07-07
DE10340089A1 (de) 2005-03-31
EP1658733A2 (fr) 2006-05-24
EP1658733B1 (fr) 2008-06-18
DE502004007401D1 (de) 2008-07-31
ATE398893T1 (de) 2008-07-15
US20080247042A1 (en) 2008-10-09
DE10340089B4 (de) 2005-12-22

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