EP1523597A1 - Gleis mit übergangsbogen und kräfteminimaler überhöhungsrampe - Google Patents
Gleis mit übergangsbogen und kräfteminimaler überhöhungsrampeInfo
- Publication number
- EP1523597A1 EP1523597A1 EP03765068A EP03765068A EP1523597A1 EP 1523597 A1 EP1523597 A1 EP 1523597A1 EP 03765068 A EP03765068 A EP 03765068A EP 03765068 A EP03765068 A EP 03765068A EP 1523597 A1 EP1523597 A1 EP 1523597A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- track
- center line
- curvature
- function
- lateral acceleration
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B2/00—General structure of permanent way
Definitions
- the invention relates to a track with a transition curve and minimal force cant, as well as to the guidance of such a track.
- the layout of the tracks of trains, subways and other track-guided vehicles is usually carried out as a succession of elements with constant curvature in the floor plan, such as straight lines and arcs, and elements with variable curvature.
- the transition from a straight track to a straight track that deviates from it at an angle is either carried out in two parts, i.e. with two adjoining vertex transition arches, or the transition is carried out in three parts, with a straight transition track being followed by a conventional transition arch to the one Connects to a circular arc, which is followed by another conventional transition arch, to which the second straight track then connects.
- a track warping i.e. the excessive transfer from one track to another, parallel track at a certain distance, is currently carried out either from two circular arcs or from a sequence of a transition arch, a circular arch, a turning transition arch, a circular arch and a transition arch.
- the guide surface is rotated around the center line of the guide.
- that angular path measured on the upper side of the outer rail relative to the upper side of the inner rail, by which the transverse direction of the track is rotated around the center line of the track is referred to as cant.
- an elevation proportional to the curvature of the track center line is usually prescribed. This does not result in an elevation on straight sections and, in the case of curved sections, an elevation on the outside of the track that increases with the curvature of the track center line.
- the clothoid When routing tracks, the most common element that has a variable curvature in the floor plan is the clothoid. This is a curve where the curvature changes linearly from one value to another.
- the associated cant proportional to the curvature is a linearly changing cant, the straight cant ramp. This results in kinks at the connection points to the neighboring elements with constant cant. One then gets one in the middle line between the constant values in the
- the layout of the tracks should be such that the desired kinematic properties should not be maintained along the guide center line, but for a specific vehicle point, such as the center of gravity of the vehicle.
- a specific vehicle point such as the center of gravity of the vehicle.
- the function outside the guide center line must be able to be continuously differentiated twice.
- a track with a real surface strip with a constant course of curvature in the transition curve is known, the layout of which provides a fictitious surface strip with a guideline, along which a point moving at nominal speed has an unbalanced lateral acceleration of zero.
- the guideline of the real area strip is created by shifting each individual guideline point along the normal to a constant distance.
- a track with a transition curve is known, in the layout of which two continuously differentiable functions are used for the cant angle and for the curvature of the guideline in the floor plan.
- Special functions based on the hyperbolic tangent and square sine functions are also given.
- the hyperbolic tangent function can be continuously differentiated as often as required and all of its derivatives fit together at the edges of the transition curve with those of the subsequent alignment elements of constant curvature.
- the non-linear relationship for large incline and cant angles is given for the balanced cant at a certain speed.
- the actual course of the track is not known a priori. It only arises after applying the transformation from fictitious to real track. Practical, on the other hand, is a direct statement of the function of the track center line, as it is done by is used to all conventional routes. The problem is similar when assessing track position errors with regard to their effect on the kinematics of the vehicle. The track position errors must be transformed from the real track strip into the fictitious track strip. Only there, for example, is the associated unbalanced lateral acceleration of the vehicle determined.
- the first derivative (the angle) is minimal and with it the track twist and the roll angle speed, but all other derivatives are unlimited at the edges.
- the second derivatives In the case of the ramp composed of two square parabolas, the second derivatives have minimal values corresponding to the ramp curvature. This means that the roll angle accelerations are minimal in this version, but the ramp becomes steeper in the middle and the other derivatives at the edges and in the middle do not exist, and therefore the roll angle jerk does not exist either. This is similar to the cubic polynomial and the cosine half-wave. In the case of a linear profile with a superimposed sine wave, there are also jerks at the edges, but the first and second derivatives have higher values than for the other superelevation ramps.
- the object of the invention is to avoid the above disadvantages and to provide a track that can be produced in reality and achieves a smooth course of the unbalanced lateral acceleration.
- the invention proposes a track that has a track center line with a variable curvature in the floor plan and a variable cant angle.
- this track is characterized in that the curvature is determined from a function assumed for the superelevation in such a way that the total unbalanced lateral acceleration at a selected, fixed alignment, taking into account the portion of the unbalanced lateral acceleration caused by the rolling movement, has a profile like this function and following differential equation fulfilled.
- K ⁇ *) 1j - ⁇ (s) - h - ⁇ (1)
- Circular arc) ⁇ (s) cant angle h mean alignment d differential operator.
- a further feature of the invention provides that the function can be differentiated at least four times in its entire course, including at the area edges, and the fourth derivatives of the function also have finite values everywhere.
- Another feature of the invention provides that when determining the
- Curvature (I H) of the track center line in the floor plan, the route height zero is chosen as the fixed route height.
- a further feature of the invention provides that the seventh-order polynomial given below in equation (2) is used as the normalized function, this normalized function being used for the course of the cant angle and for the entire, unbalanced lateral acceleration and the curvature ( ⁇ H ) the track center line in the floor plan is determined according to equation (1):
- Another feature of the invention provides that the function specified below in equation (3) with a third polynomial is used as the normalized function
- Another feature of the invention provides that the function specified below in equation (4) with a third-order polynomial in combination with the sine and cosine is used as the normalized function, this normalized function for the profile of the cant angle and for the entire , unbalanced lateral acceleration is used and from this the curvature (KH) of the track center line in the floor plan is determined according to equation (1):
- Mean s arc length along the track center line
- Another feature of the invention provides that the function specified below in equation (5) is used as a normalized function with a fifth-order polynomial in combination with only the sine, this normalizing Function for the course of the cant angle and for the entire, unbalanced lateral acceleration is used and from this the curvature ( ⁇ H ) of the track center line in the floor plan is determined according to equation (1):
- Mean s arc length along the track center line
- Equation (1) Another feature of the invention provides that the function given below in equation (6) is used as a normalized function with a fifth-order polynomial in combination with only the cosine, this normalized function for the profile of the cant angle and for the entire, unbalanced one Lateral acceleration is used and the curvature (KH) of the track center line in the floor plan is determined from equation (1):
- Mean s arc length along the track center line
- Another feature of the invention provides that the ninth-order polynomial given below in equation (7) is used as the normalized function, this normalized function for the profile of the cant angle and for the entire, unbalanced lateral acceleration is used and from this the curvature ( ⁇ H ) of the track center line in the floor plan is determined according to equation (1):
- Another feature of the invention provides that an alignment element provided with an elevation, which connects a straight track with a straight track deviating from it at an angle, is laid out in one piece.
- a further feature of the invention provides that a function that can be differentiated four times with finite values is used for a one-piece and with an elevation routing element that connects a straight track with a straight track that deviates from it at an angle.
- Another feature of the invention provides that a track distortion provided with an elevation, which connects a straight track with a straight track parallel to it, is designed in one piece.
- a further feature of the invention provides that a function which can be differentiated four times with finite values is used for a one-piece excessive track warping which connects a straight track with a parallel straight track.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows a vehicle located on a track provided with an elevation
- Fig. 2 shows a normalized curve function of a minimum force ramp according to the invention with its normalized derivatives
- Fig. 3 shows a normalized curvature for a transition curve with increased curvature at the beginning and end.
- the vehicle located on its guide, the track, is considered taking its height into account, Fig. 1.
- the route height (h) is understood to mean the height at which the unbalanced lateral acceleration is viewed and evaluated.
- Fig. 2 shows an example of the normalized curve function of a minimum force ramp according to the invention with its also normalized derivatives, starting from formula (2).
- Derivation corresponds to the cant course.
- Your first derivative is the ramp angle corresponding to the track twist and the angular velocity of the vehicle around the longitudinal axis.
- the second derivative is still smooth and proportional to the rail curvature in the elevation, the angular acceleration around the longitudinal axis of the vehicle and the bending moment in the rail (s) forming the ramps.
- the 3rd derivative is still continuous and corresponds to the change in the rail curvature in the elevation, the angular jerk around the longitudinal axis of the vehicle and the lateral force in the rail (s) forming the ramps.
- the fourth derivative still exists. It has jump points at the edges and is proportional to the rail (s) forming the ramps over the Distribution of forces acting on the rail fasteners per unit of length required to keep the ramp (s) in this shape.
- the procedure is different: the cantilever ramp itself is already known.
- a direct stakeout of the track is sought in such a way that the desired kinematic behavior of the vehicle traveling on the track is achieved.
- the unbalanced lateral acceleration is considered. If you apply this outside the track level, there is an additional term due to the roll movement to the known term, which consists of the product of curvature times squared driving speed, namely the roll angle acceleration around the vehicle's longitudinal axis multiplied by the high distance from the track center line. If the curvature in the floor plan is chosen so that a portion of it just compensates for the last term mentioned and the other term is proportional to the superelevation, then the unbalanced lateral acceleration will also be proportional to the superelevation.
- the curvature in the floor plan accordingly consists of two parts, a conventional part corresponding to the course of the elevation and a portion proportional to the second derivative of the course of the elevation.
- Fig. 3 shows a corresponding normalized curvature curve as it arises using equations (1) and (12).
- the described method can be applied in general to alignment in areas of variable curvature and elevation and not only in the case of transition arches.
- the procedure according to the invention is different here: Accordingly, starting from an at least three times differentiable history function or, in order to meet the requirements of the bending theory, starting from a four times differentiable
- the cantilever function and the unbalanced lateral acceleration at alignment level taking into account the portion of the unbalanced lateral acceleration caused by the roll movement, follow this function and the curvature in the floor plan is determined from this.
- route height (h) vanishing
- the roll angle acceleration is calculated from the second time derivative of the cant angle, which is replaced by the second path derivative using the driving speed:
- Circular arc) ⁇ (s) cant angle h mean alignment d differential operator.
- This differential equation can be evaluated immediately for a selected curve function.
- the reference curvature and the reference elevation must be selected in the arc or at the same point on the track.
- an advantageous feature of the invention generally provides for the cant function to be differentiated four times.
- the corresponding curvature of the track center line in the floor plan is then calculated from equation (1).
- the exaggeration is generally formed as follows using the normalized function (f (s / l)):
- ⁇ (s) cant angle s arc length along the track center line (s) cant in two-rail tracks b distance between tracks (track width) in two-track tracks ⁇ x constant cant angle at the beginning of the
- the standardized function directly describes the course of the cant ramp.
- a polynomial of the seventh order a polynomial of the third order in combination with, as at least four times differentiable, and thus fulfilling the requirements from the Bernoulli-Euler bending theory, standardized functions for the superelevation ramp to the transition arc from one circular arc provided with an elevated curve to another circular curve provided with an elevated line the sine and cosine and a constant value (Z), a third-order polynomial in combination with the sine and cosine, a fifth-order polynomial in combination with only the sine, a fifth-order polynomial in combination with only the cosine, and a polynomial ninth order used:
- Mean s arc length along the track center line
- the differentiability can also be increased slightly.
- An example is one
- Equation (7) An increase of 1 on the normalized function Equation (7), a special ninth order polynomial, is shown: With this curve as an increase function, the bedding force distribution of the rail is not only limited, but also continuous and the jerk distribution is not only continuous, but also smooth. For this, the amplitudes are again somewhat larger than in the course according to equation (2).
- the canting ramps are formed from equation (10). Twice differentiation according to the arc length along the track center line and insertion into the equation (1) adapted for transition curves in the following form provides the curvature ( ⁇ H ) of the track center line in the floor plan:
- Arcs d differential operator ⁇ 2 constant curvature in the arc at the end of the transition arc.
- the method can be used analogously for a one-piece, excessive transition from a straight track to a straight track that deviates from it at an angle.
- the choice of a corresponding function for the cant and the assumption of the total unbalanced lateral acceleration including the part from the roll movement with the same function provides the curvature course of the track in the floor plan.
- a function which rises from zero to a maximum value and then falls back to zero is selected for the superelevation.
- a function is selected which can also be differentiated four times at the area edges.
- the course of the routes and the ramp shapes that meet the requirements of the flexibility of the rails can be designed with perfect dynamic properties for all conceivable applications.
Landscapes
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
- Control Of El Displays (AREA)
- Surface Acoustic Wave Elements And Circuit Networks Thereof (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
- Control Of Velocity Or Acceleration (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
- Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)
- Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)
- On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SI200331396T SI1523597T1 (sl) | 2002-07-23 | 2003-07-22 | Tir s predhodnim lokom in nagibna rampa z minimalnimi silami |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT0111602A AT412975B (de) | 2002-07-23 | 2002-07-23 | Gleis mit übergangsbogen und kräfteminimaler überhöhungsrampe |
AT11162002 | 2002-07-23 | ||
PCT/EP2003/007936 WO2004009906A1 (de) | 2002-07-23 | 2003-07-22 | Gleis mit übergangsbogen und kräfteminimaler überhöhungsrampe |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1523597A1 true EP1523597A1 (de) | 2005-04-20 |
EP1523597B1 EP1523597B1 (de) | 2008-07-16 |
Family
ID=30449833
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03765068A Expired - Lifetime EP1523597B1 (de) | 2002-07-23 | 2003-07-22 | Gleis mit übergangsbogen und kräfteminimaler überhöhungsrampe |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1523597B1 (de) |
AT (2) | AT412975B (de) |
AU (1) | AU2003251430A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE50310165D1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK1523597T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2310671T3 (de) |
ME (1) | MEP15108A (de) |
PT (1) | PT1523597E (de) |
RS (1) | RS51441B (de) |
SI (1) | SI1523597T1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2004009906A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107059501B (zh) * | 2017-01-24 | 2024-01-16 | 北京交通大学 | 基于装配式技术的跨座式单轨交通钢轨道梁 |
CN107620229B (zh) * | 2017-10-31 | 2023-09-26 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | 一种高过岔速度的换梁型道岔梁 |
EA039267B1 (ru) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-12-24 | Геннадий Викторович Величко | Переходной участок закругления колеи рельсовой дороги |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT184601B (de) * | 1952-10-08 | 1956-02-10 | Alweg Forschung Gmbh | Anordnung des Tragkörpers einer Bahnlinie für spurgebundene Fahrzeuge in Kurven |
AT370657B (de) * | 1981-09-17 | 1983-04-25 | Voest Alpine Ag | Stranggiessanlage |
-
2002
- 2002-07-23 AT AT0111602A patent/AT412975B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2003
- 2003-07-22 ME MEP-151/08A patent/MEP15108A/xx unknown
- 2003-07-22 SI SI200331396T patent/SI1523597T1/sl unknown
- 2003-07-22 ES ES03765068T patent/ES2310671T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-07-22 PT PT03765068T patent/PT1523597E/pt unknown
- 2003-07-22 EP EP03765068A patent/EP1523597B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-07-22 AU AU2003251430A patent/AU2003251430A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-07-22 RS YUP-2005/0056A patent/RS51441B/en unknown
- 2003-07-22 AT AT03765068T patent/ATE401455T1/de active
- 2003-07-22 DK DK03765068T patent/DK1523597T3/da active
- 2003-07-22 DE DE50310165T patent/DE50310165D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-07-22 WO PCT/EP2003/007936 patent/WO2004009906A1/de active IP Right Grant
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2004009906A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
MEP15108A (en) | 2010-06-10 |
RS51441B (en) | 2011-04-30 |
ES2310671T3 (es) | 2009-01-16 |
DE50310165D1 (de) | 2008-08-28 |
PT1523597E (pt) | 2008-10-23 |
AU2003251430A1 (en) | 2004-02-09 |
EP1523597B1 (de) | 2008-07-16 |
DK1523597T3 (da) | 2008-11-17 |
WO2004009906A1 (de) | 2004-01-29 |
SI1523597T1 (sl) | 2008-12-31 |
ATE401455T1 (de) | 2008-08-15 |
AU2003251430A8 (en) | 2004-02-09 |
AT412975B (de) | 2005-09-26 |
RS20050056A (sr) | 2007-08-03 |
ATA11162002A (de) | 2005-02-15 |
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