EP1520933A1 - Baukonstruktion, einzelnes Bauelement und Verfahren zur Verstärkung dieser Baukonstruktion - Google Patents

Baukonstruktion, einzelnes Bauelement und Verfahren zur Verstärkung dieser Baukonstruktion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1520933A1
EP1520933A1 EP04300644A EP04300644A EP1520933A1 EP 1520933 A1 EP1520933 A1 EP 1520933A1 EP 04300644 A EP04300644 A EP 04300644A EP 04300644 A EP04300644 A EP 04300644A EP 1520933 A1 EP1520933 A1 EP 1520933A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
volume
impacts
individual
deformed
elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04300644A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1520933B1 (de
Inventor
Francis Derache
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
France Maccaferri
Original Assignee
France Gabion
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by France Gabion filed Critical France Gabion
Publication of EP1520933A1 publication Critical patent/EP1520933A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1520933B1 publication Critical patent/EP1520933B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/0208—Gabions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F7/00—Devices affording protection against snow, sand drifts, side-wind effects, snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks; Anti-dazzle arrangements ; Sight-screens for roads, e.g. to mask accident site
    • E01F7/04—Devices affording protection against snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks, e.g. avalanche preventing structures, galleries
    • E01F7/045—Devices specially adapted for protecting against falling rocks, e.g. galleries, nets, rock traps
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D2300/00—Materials
    • E02D2300/0001—Rubbers
    • E02D2300/0003—Car tires
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D2300/00—Materials
    • E02D2300/0051—Including fibers
    • E02D2300/0054—Including fibers made from plastic
    • E02D2300/006—Including fibers made from plastic being recycled
    • E02D2300/0062—Shredded car tires

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a civil engineering structure providing protection against impacts of moving masses, projectiles, especially stones. It also relates to an individual element of construction intended for the realization protective works in the field of civil engineering and public works. Another aspect of the invention relates to a method of reinforcing a structure ensuring a protection against impacts.
  • a main problem that the invention proposes to solve is to provide a civil engineering work that can easily be repaired.
  • a second problem is to design a work with mechanical properties such as does not require oversizing to ensure its protective functions.
  • a third problem is that of improving the aesthetic and ecological aspect of while maintaining their functional aspect.
  • a fourth problem is to put point an individual element of construction capable of limiting the deterioration of the entire civil engineering work with which it is associated.
  • a fifth problem is to realize an element that can be prefabricated outside dangerous zones, that is to say subject to falling rocks.
  • a sixth problem is that of putting a process for reinforcing a pre-existing protective structure.
  • the invention therefore relates to a civil engineering work intended to ensure a protection against moving mass impacts and having a face exposed to mobile mass impacts.
  • the work is characterized in that it comprises, at the level of the face exposed to mass impacts mobiles, a set of individual building elements joined together, filled wholly or partly with at least one material having a capacity to be deformed elastoplastically, the individual elements of construction likely to be degraded by mobile mass impacts being suitable for individually replaced by individual elements of similar construction.
  • elastoplastic deformation of a material is meant a deformation of the material associated with its ability to regain its original shape, up to threshold beyond which the deformation will be final.
  • the structure may comprise gabions filled with pebbles or fine materials isolated by a geotextile and a set of individual elements of construction arranged on the face exposed to the impacts of moving masses of the structure.
  • the structure may comprise an embankment reinforced with geotextile webs, or geosynthetic webs, or webs of double twist wire mesh, or welded wire mesh or steel reinforcing bars and a set of individual building elements arranged on the face exposed to impacts of moving masses of the structure, and which are connected or not to the reinforcements.
  • the material having an ability to be deformed can be chosen, alone or in mixture, in the group which may comprise pieces of shredded tires, carved pellets of tires, pieces of polystyrene, earthy materials, sand, gravel, pebbles, crushed recycled concrete, etc.
  • the elements individual builders may present a first volume of a first material having an ability to be deformed elastoplastically and a second volume of a second loose material.
  • the second movable material is intended for example to aesthetically dress the outside and also absorb some of the energy.
  • the separation between two volumes may be oriented in a plane substantially perpendicular to the mean direction of arrival of moving masses, to optimize energy absorption during impacts.
  • soft materials we mean materials that deform and that take a given configuration by splitting or rearranging.
  • each element individual construction which forms a container delimited by an envelope exterior, may have a first volume of a first material having a ability to be deformed elastoplastically and a second volume of a second movable material, the separation between the two volumes being oriented according to a plane substantially perpendicular to the mean direction of arrival of the moving masses.
  • the individual element of construction and protection is in two parts or two volumes, each with distinct mechanical properties.
  • the first volume shows elastoplasticity properties with respect to impacts and the second volume has absorption properties of a portion of the energy of impacts.
  • Moving masses arrive on the structure with preferential direction arrival and impact. We take into account the average statistical direction of arrival of these moving masses, while knowing that bounces and random trajectories of moving masses can occur. In many cases, the separation plan between the two volumes is substantially vertical.
  • the first material having an ability to be deformed can be chosen, alone or in a mixture, in the group which may comprise pieces of shredded tires, cut pellets of tires, pieces of polystyrene, earthy materials, sand, gravel, pebbles, crushed recycled concrete, etc.
  • the second material, furniture can be chosen, alone or in mixture, in the group that can include topsoil, sands, gravels, pebbles, blocks of rocks, crushed concrete, etc.
  • the outer casing may be constituted by a cage of a metal gabion, the cage may be, if necessary, covered internally with a geotextile material.
  • the separation between the volume of the material having an ability to be deformed and the volume of loose material can be achieved by a wall of a geotextile material, or mesh, or wire mesh, etc.
  • the individual building element may also include a multiplicity volumes, successively a volume of a loose material and a volume of one first material having an ability to be deformed elastoplastically.
  • the separation between the volumes can be respectively oriented according to a plan substantially perpendicular to the mean direction of arrival of the moving masses.
  • a civil engineering work intended to provide protection against moving mass impacts, and having a face exposed to the impacts of moving masses is characterized in that it comprises at least an element as described above.
  • any impact against the face will only affect one or more individual building elements, without compromising the structural integrity of the structure.
  • an individual building element (1) can be present in the form of a substantially parallelepiped gabion.
  • the gabion comprises an outer metal cage (2) made for example, in double mesh twist or welded mesh.
  • the cage (2) can be closed by a lid (3).
  • the gabions are used to construct protective structures or to reinforce existing works.
  • the cage (2) has two distinct volumes (4 and 6).
  • a first volume (4) is located at the front of the cage (2) relative to the hinge of closing the lid (3).
  • a second volume (6) is located at the back of the cage (2) relative to the closing hinge of the lid (3).
  • the first volume at the front (4) contains movable materials, as an example pebbles, sands, gravels or topsoil.
  • the second volume located at the rear (6) contains materials with elastoplastic properties, for example pellets or pellets based on shredded tires.
  • the first volume at the front (4) is oriented on the protective structure on the side of the face exposed to impacts.
  • the pellets used may have dimensions of the order of one centimeter.
  • Shredded tires are maintained using an envelope (7) made, for example, of a geotextile material.
  • a geonatte may also make the separation between loose materials and elastoplastic materials.
  • the arrangement of the two volumes (4 and 6) may be reversed with respect to the first embodiment of Figure 1.
  • the first volume containing soft materials (4) may be placed at the rear and the second volume containing materials with elastoplastic properties (6) may be disposed at the front of the side of the face exposed to the impacts of the protective structure.
  • the cage (2) presents also the same two separate volumes (4 and 6).
  • the front (5) exposed to the impacts has an inclination for example substantially equal to 45 ° by report horizontally.
  • Such inclined front face (5) will allow implantation much easier plants, giving the cage (2) and all of the work obtained with this type of cage (2) an aesthetic and ecological aspect much more attractive.
  • the cage (2) has a single volume (8).
  • This single volume (8) contains materials with properties elastoplastics, such as shredded tires, which are preserved by a envelope (7) made for example of a geotextile material.
  • the cage (2) has three separate volumes (9, 11 and 12).
  • a first volume (9) is located at the front of the cage (2), in this case with respect to the closing hinge of the lid (3).
  • a second volume (11) is located at the rear of the cage (2), in this case with respect to the hinge of closing the lid (3).
  • a third volume (12) is interposed in a central position between the first volume at the front (9) and the second volume at the rear (11).
  • the first volume at the front (9) and the second volume at the back (11) contain materials furniture, such as pebbles, sand, gravel or topsoil.
  • the third central volume (12) contains materials with elastoplastic properties, as for example shredded tires, which are preserved by an envelope (7) made for example of a geotextile material.
  • Figure 5 illustrates a protective structure (13) which is formed of a first stack of metal gabions (14) secured to one another. These gabions (14) are filled with stone-like materials, rocks.
  • the structure (13) is oriented so as to have a vertical or inclined face that is particularly exposed to falls stones and other landslides. This structure (13) protects a road (17) and / or dwellings at the base of the other side of the structure (13), on the opposite side from exposed side.
  • the structure (13) comprises a cladding (16) made from individual removable building elements.
  • gabions inclined front face (1) in accordance with the second form embodiment of Figure 2, are used. These gabions (1) are arranged by compared to others and compared to the traditional gabions of stacking (14), in order to present their first soft material volume (4) on the exposed front face and so as to present their second elastoplastic material volume (6) at the back and against the gabions of the stack (14).
  • a structure (18) with a stack of gabions (14) comprises a protective cladding (19) which is made with gabions according to the first embodiment of Figure 1.
  • the structure (18) has a face exposed to falling rocks (21) substantially vertical.
  • This structure (18) can also be made with a stack of gabions classics filled with materials usually chosen for a work according to the state of technique and gabions only filled with compliant elastoplastic materials in the third embodiment of Figure 3.
  • the work (22) includes a massive structure formed of a stack of gabions (14). It includes in in addition to a protective covering (19) which is made with gabions according to the second embodiment of Figure 2.
  • the work (22) has an inclined face (16) which is exposed to falling rocks (21) and which can be planted.
  • the work (23) includes a stack of gabions (14) and comprises a central protection core (24) which is made with gabions according to the third embodiment of Figure 3.
  • the work (25) includes a stack of gabions according to the first embodiment of FIG. according to the fourth embodiment of Figure 4.
  • This embodiment can also be built from alternating gabions filled with materials usually chosen for a work according to the state of the art and gabions according to the third embodiment of Figure 3.
  • the book (26) presents a massive structure formed by an embankment (27), for example earthen, reinforced with regular way over its entire height by geotextile reinforcement plies (28) or geosynthetic or lattice or wire mesh.
  • the reinforcement plies (28) extend only on a part of the thickness of the embankment (27).
  • a protective siding inclined (29), secured or not to the main structure of the structure, is realized by several longitudinal elements in one piece, which conform to the first embodiment of Figure 1 or the third embodiment of Figure 3.
  • the outer portion (30) of the cladding (29) may be pebbles or topsoil or a mixture earth-pebbles then vegetated.
  • the structure (31) comprises also an embankment (27), for example earthen, reinforced regularly on any its height by reinforcing layers of geotextile (28) or geosynthetic or lattice or wire mesh.
  • the reinforcing plies (28) extend in this case over the whole of the thickness of the embankment (27). The stability of both faces is ensured.
  • a siding of inclined protection (32) is formed by a plurality of longitudinal elements in one piece, which are in accordance with the third embodiment of Figure 3. exterior of the siding (32) may be pebbles or topsoil or a mixture earth-pebbles (33) then vegetated.
  • the work (34) is a embankment (27), for example earthen, reinforced in a regular manner over its entire height by reinforcing plies made of geotextile (28) or geosynthetic or lattice or mesh metal, which extend only over part of the thickness of the embankment (27), to ensure the stability of the slope.
  • the local stability of one of the faces is ensured at using gabions (14) filled with materials usually chosen for a structure according to the state of the art.
  • a protective layer (37) is made with gabions (1) according to the first embodiment of Figure 1.
  • the work (38) is consisting of a vertical stack of gabions (14), filled with usually chosen for a work according to the state of the art, attached to an embankment (27) reinforced by reinforcement plies of geotextile (28) or geosynthetic or trellis or wire mesh, extending over the entire thickness of the backfill (27), so to assure, on both sides, the stability of the slope.
  • Protective siding (39) substantially vertical is realized with gabions conforming to the first form of embodiment of Figure 1, but inverted with their front volume filled with materials elastoplastic.
  • the work (40) is formed with a vertical stack of gabions (14) attached to a reinforced embankment (27) by plies of geotextile (28) or geosynthetic or lattice or wire mesh, extending over the entire thickness of the embankment (27), so as to ensure on the other, the stability of the slope.
  • An inclined protection facing (41) substantially similar to the facings of the fifth and sixth embodiments of structures (see Figures 10 and 11), is made by several longitudinal elements in one piece, which are in accordance with the first embodiment of Figure 1.
  • the dimensions of the protection gabions can be very variable, depending on the desired protection structure.
  • Other applications can be envisaged, such as protective works in the military field or reinforcements of canal banks, rivers, rivers and seasides, where the masses are the objects transported by the watercourse, or even traffic lanes, for protect vehicle impacts.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
  • Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)
EP04300644A 2003-10-03 2004-09-30 Baukonstruktion Expired - Lifetime EP1520933B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0350644 2003-10-03
FR0350644A FR2860529B1 (fr) 2003-10-03 2003-10-03 Ouvrage de genie civil, element individuel de construction et procede de renforcement d'un tel ouvrage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1520933A1 true EP1520933A1 (de) 2005-04-06
EP1520933B1 EP1520933B1 (de) 2011-11-09

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EP04300644A Expired - Lifetime EP1520933B1 (de) 2003-10-03 2004-09-30 Baukonstruktion

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US7425107B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1520933B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE532905T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2481161C (de)
ES (1) ES2372490T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2860529B1 (de)
PT (1) PT1520933E (de)

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FR2903712A1 (fr) * 2006-07-17 2008-01-18 France Maccaferri Soc Par Acti Element de construction pour ouvrage de genie civil
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EP1775388A3 (de) * 2005-10-17 2008-07-02 Bauunternehmen Deutschle GmbH & Co. KG Verfahren zum Errichten von Mauern aus Ortbeton unter Verwendung von Gabionen
EP1777350A1 (de) * 2005-10-20 2007-04-25 Franken-Schotter GmbH & Co. KG Steinkorb zur Erstellung eines Deichs
FR2902808A1 (fr) * 2006-06-26 2007-12-28 Entpr Travaux Publics Setp Sar Mur antibruit et procede de construction d'un tel mur
EP1881114A3 (de) * 2006-07-17 2010-01-13 France Maccaferri Verfahren zur Herstellung von einzelnen Vollbausteinen zur Erstellung eines Bauwerks
FR2903712A1 (fr) * 2006-07-17 2008-01-18 France Maccaferri Soc Par Acti Element de construction pour ouvrage de genie civil
FR2904337A1 (fr) * 2006-07-28 2008-02-01 France Maccaferri Soc Par Acti Procede de fabrication d'un element individuel de construction rempli destine a un ouvrage de genie civil
FR2910914A1 (fr) * 2006-12-29 2008-07-04 Joseph Golcheh Merlon acoustique avec un noyau anti bruit
EP2136002A3 (de) * 2008-06-20 2011-08-17 Betafence Holding NV Gabion
EP2459809B1 (de) * 2009-07-28 2019-06-26 Hesco Bastion Limited Drahtkorbsystem
WO2011154714A1 (en) * 2010-06-11 2011-12-15 Hesco Bastion Limited Barrier assembly for shoreline
ITRN20110011A1 (it) * 2011-02-24 2012-08-25 Lega Rocciatori S R L Elemento costruttivo composito prefabbricato per la realizzazione mimetica di barriere di contenimento terreni, rilevati paramassi e simili
FR3097574A1 (fr) * 2020-06-25 2020-12-25 Soletanche Freyssinet Structure d’absorption d’une énergie d’impact
WO2021260336A1 (fr) 2020-06-25 2021-12-30 Soletanche Freyssinet Structure d'absorption d'une énergie d'impact
EP4293161A1 (de) * 2022-06-15 2023-12-20 Oichtner, Franz Fahrzeugsicherheitsbarriere

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PT1520933E (pt) 2011-12-15
CA2481161A1 (fr) 2005-04-03
EP1520933B1 (de) 2011-11-09
CA2481161C (fr) 2012-03-13
ES2372490T3 (es) 2012-01-20
FR2860529A1 (fr) 2005-04-08
US7425107B2 (en) 2008-09-16
ATE532905T1 (de) 2011-11-15
FR2860529B1 (fr) 2006-12-15
US20050262794A1 (en) 2005-12-01

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