EP1466302A1 - Procede d'enregistrement de billets au moyen de zones a fentes et de messages a conteneur - Google Patents

Procede d'enregistrement de billets au moyen de zones a fentes et de messages a conteneur

Info

Publication number
EP1466302A1
EP1466302A1 EP02787491A EP02787491A EP1466302A1 EP 1466302 A1 EP1466302 A1 EP 1466302A1 EP 02787491 A EP02787491 A EP 02787491A EP 02787491 A EP02787491 A EP 02787491A EP 1466302 A1 EP1466302 A1 EP 1466302A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
information
tickets
information unit
unit
ticket
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02787491A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
August KÄLIN
Balz Schreier
Bruno Wenger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Continental Automotive GmbH
Original Assignee
Siemens Transit Telematic Systems AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Transit Telematic Systems AG filed Critical Siemens Transit Telematic Systems AG
Priority to EP02787491A priority Critical patent/EP1466302A1/fr
Publication of EP1466302A1 publication Critical patent/EP1466302A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
    • G06K7/10019—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves resolving collision on the communication channels between simultaneously or concurrently interrogated record carriers.
    • G06K7/10029—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves resolving collision on the communication channels between simultaneously or concurrently interrogated record carriers. the collision being resolved in the time domain, e.g. using binary tree search or RFID responses allocated to a random time slot
    • G06K7/10039—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves resolving collision on the communication channels between simultaneously or concurrently interrogated record carriers. the collision being resolved in the time domain, e.g. using binary tree search or RFID responses allocated to a random time slot interrogator driven, i.e. synchronous
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/0723—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/0008—General problems related to the reading of electronic memory record carriers, independent of its reading method, e.g. power transfer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
    • G07B15/00—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points
    • G07B15/02—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points taking into account a variable factor such as distance or time, e.g. for passenger transport, parking systems or car rental systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the present invention relates to the field of so-called fare management with electronic tickets.
  • the recording procedures are referred to as "alk-in / alk out” and "be in / be out”.
  • a walk-in / walk-out method is disclosed in WO 01/03057 A1, in which the direction of movement of an electronic ticket is determined directly or indirectly on or in a door area on the basis of a so-called history.
  • WO 01/20557 A1 In the described method, the purchase of a purchased service is based on a registration as to whether an electronic ticket was within a so-called detection zone at defined points in time.
  • the tickets are brought into a waking state by a first transmitter to subsequently move in while purchasing a
  • Performance e.g. a trip to register using bidirectional intermittent communication.
  • the communication takes place intermittently in the sense that the reception modules arranged on the ticket are only specific
  • Times in a grid are switched to "active" in a state ready to receive.
  • This bidirectional communication takes place in a zone that has the dimensions of a tram, for example. 100 to 150 different tickets between two stops can be reliably recorded.
  • document WO 01/84472 proposes a method for collision management in which a check is made before sending a message as to whether the radio medium is free , Yourself Collisions that occur nevertheless are recognized by the absence of an acknowledgment message. Subsequently, the transmission of a message is repeated in a fixed time frame or determined by a random generator, and it is also checked in this further phase whether the radio medium is free.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method of the type mentioned at the outset which allows simplification in bidirectional communication and nevertheless enables high flexibility and expandability for further applications, in particular broadcast-like or specifically addressed distribution of information.
  • the first information unit contains the identity of the detection zone or of the transmission and transmission / reception units assigned to the detection zones and is stored thereon on receipt by a ticket; phase: with a further first information unit received from a ticket, bidirectional communication by means of second information units then initiated when the identity transmitted in the method step marq: and phase: matches, wherein a field (KEY) is provided in the second information units, which describes the structure of the second information unit;
  • KEY a field
  • Such a method also called semi-duplex, also allows targeted or broadcast-specific information to be distributed in order to be able to implement what are known as public broadcast messaging services.
  • phase is divided into the steps phasel: and phase2:;
  • the presence of the tickets can be determined by means of bidirectional communication and in the second step specific information can be transferred to the tickets.
  • phasel method step a first grid with a fixed division into slots and a second grid are provided and that an assignment to a slot with a slot number can be stored on each ticket;
  • the communication can be maintained with a large number of tickets within a detection zone without collisions occurring in the communication due to the number of tickets (claim 7).
  • phase2 step is carried out in a grid with a fixed division into slots and after receipt of the further first information unit each Ticket is activated in the relevant slot in order to be able to receive a second information unit transmitted by the second transmitting / receiving unit; collisions in bidirectional communication are excluded due to the large number of tickets and information can also be transmitted in the direction of the tickets (claim 11).
  • the ticket circuitry may be brought back into the sleep state; this also makes it possible to reduce the energy requirement (claim 17).
  • Figure 1 shows the floor plan of a railroad car with boarding and passage areas and the arrangement of transmitter / receiver units and the associated zones.
  • Fig. 2 structure of an electronic ticket
  • FIG. 3a flow of communication with a ticket in the
  • 3b shows the communication with a ticket using various information units
  • FIG. 5 Detailed representation of the communication with a plurality of tickets using slot zones in
  • a first transmission unit 31 and a second transmission / reception unit 32 are assigned to each of the two platforms 24.
  • the spatial arrangement of the aforementioned units 31 and 32 is given in FIG. 1, only by way of example.
  • Other transmission units 31 can be in the interior of the car depending on the Length of the car can also be provided.
  • a transmission unit 31 covers a specific environment with an electromagnetic field designed as a near field.
  • the near field is usually defined with r ⁇ 0.6 ' ⁇ ), where ⁇ stands for the wavelength. For an extension of 1 m to approx.
  • a frequency of 30 MHz results.
  • frequencies of 27 MHz, 13.5 MHz and 6.78 MHz have proven to be particularly advantageous.
  • the limitation of the detection zone 22 corresponds approximately to the range for still secure reception by a second transmitting / receiving module 12 present on the ticket 10.
  • the electromagnetic field emitted by the transmitting / receiving unit 32 should have sufficient field strength and good propagation properties wherever possible in the car. For example, a frequency band in the range of 433 MHz or 868 MHz is provided for this.
  • the electromagnetic field in the detection zone 22 under consideration is designed as a so-called far field.
  • the so-called down link and up link two different frequencies can be provided from the aforementioned bands 433 MHz or 868 MHz, which differ, for example, by 200 or 500 kHz.
  • An overlap of the two detection zones 22 in accordance with the arrangement of the transmitting / receiving units 32 for this rail car 20 is advantageous in order to be able to detect all passengers regardless of their position in the rail car 20.
  • FIG. 2 shows the block diagram of an electronic ticket 10.
  • tickets 10 preferably have a credit card format.
  • portable cards are also known to the person skilled in the art under the term “smart card”.
  • a processor module 16 is provided as the central control unit with an associated memory module 17 and with a receive module 11. a second 12, a third 13 and a fourth transmit / receive module 14 are connected.
  • the third and fourth reception module can be provided for so-called proximity or vincinity applications.
  • only one or more antennas can be provided, in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 two antennas 15.1 and 15.2 are provided.
  • the energy is supplied by means of a battery 19 and an energy supply module 18.
  • the basic sequence of bidirectional communication is shown in Fig. 3a.
  • the sequence of the method according to the invention is explained using an example of a tram ride between two stops Loc A and Loc B.
  • the direction from Loc A to Loc B includes both a local shift and the lapse of a certain period of time in the range from 20 s to about 120 s.
  • the phases marq and phase are provided according to FIG. 3a for the detection of the tickets between the stops Loc A and Loc B.
  • the phase phase is divided into the phases phasel and phase2, whereby the phase phase can be iterated.
  • 3b shows the transmitted information units T, U and Q for the individual phases, the person skilled in the art also using the term telegram instead of information units.
  • the phases phase or phase and phase 2 have in common that the bidirectional communication between the second transmitter / receiver unit 32 and ticket 10 is always initiated by a first information unit S or S Q and S T originating from a first transmitter unit 31.
  • a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention includes the steps listed below.
  • the content and structure of the transmitted first and second information units is explained below:
  • the tickets 10 located in the detection zone 22 are “awakened” from an energy-saving sleep state by the reception of this first information unit St.
  • the mode of operation of the "waking” is explained further below.
  • the abbreviation "marq” stands for marquage (French) and, in a figurative sense, has the meaning of a stamp.
  • the information unit St A is transmitted by means of the first transmission unit 31.
  • the first information unit St contains the identity of the first one in question Transmitting unit 31 or the relevant carriage 20 or detection zone 22.
  • This identity is stored on the ticket 10, provided the first information unit ST is correctly received, and a stack is preferably provided as the organization for storing the received identities, depending on A ring memory organization or possibly a FIFO memory organization (first-in, first-out) can also be used in application.
  • the first information unit ST is sent out several times between the time stamps labeled arr and dep.
  • arr and dep for d he arrival or departure of a tram at a stop.
  • the electromagnetic field of the first transmission unit 31 is designed as a near field, ie the tickets 10 located in this area are “awakened” from a sleep state by the field strength H.
  • the first information unit S Q provides the identity of the person concerned first transmission unit 31 or the relevant wagon or detection zone and, on the other hand, the ticket receiving this unit S Q is requested to send out a second information unit T. This transmission does not take place if the in the the first information unit S "contained identity was not previously stored in a method step marq: on the relevant ticket.
  • a ticket 10 then sends a second information unit T to the second transmitting / receiving unit 32 after receiving the first information unit S ", whereupon the latter acknowledges receipt with a further second information unit Q of the ticket 10.
  • the acknowledgment with the second information unit Q includes the correct reception of an information unit T, for example by means of a correct CRC
  • CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check
  • Step phase2 in the overview: In this step it can be provided that new information units U are transmitted to the tickets 10.
  • the first transmission unit 31 sends out a first information unit S s , which announces the transmission of a second information unit U to be subsequently transmitted by the second transmission / reception unit 32.
  • the ticket 10 receiving the second information unit U acknowledges receipt with a further second information unit Q.
  • the acknowledgment takes place on the basis of a CRC check and is only transmitted if no error has been found.
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b The process shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b must be carried out for many tickets 10 within the time available between two stops.
  • the time sequence of the communication is shown in FIG. 4 for the phasel method step and FIG. 5 for the phase2 method step.
  • the person skilled in the art also assigns the term “GET” to this phase phasel, which is shown in detail in FIG. 4: information is obtained from the tickets 10.
  • the dashed outline CF is a first raster CF with so-called slot zones shown, which in the present embodiment are numbered from 1 to 512.
  • a time period of the order of 4 to 10 s can be provided for the totality of these 512 slot zones, which accordingly results in a duration of approximately 8 to 20 ms.
  • tickets X and Y have a slot number, with reference to FIG. x, 2) and (Y, 1)
  • the ticket Z is virgin; (Z, -)
  • the time of transmission is due to the slot number that may already be on the ticket 10 certainly.
  • this is done for the ticket Y with the unit T ⁇ , whereupon the second transmitting / receiving unit 32. acknowledges this with an acknowledgment Q ⁇ ...
  • the index relates to the slot number and not to that ticket.
  • the ticket Z receives an information unit Q 14 which gives the assignment (Z, 14) on the ticket Z.
  • This type of post-collection with the second piece of information configured as an acknowledgment message ensures that reliable assignment is achieved if the slot number has not yet been assigned or is recognized as not being valid.
  • the duration of the grid ACA is preferably a multiple n of the duration of the grid CF. The number n depends on the respective application; it is possible to provide a dynamic value for n, which is also transmitted in the first information unit St or at most S G.
  • the slot numbers are always managed on the
  • Tickets are minimized: The tickets are awakened by the first information unit S G and then either know on the basis of the allocated slot number, when a second information unit is to be sent out or, in the event of an error, from what point in time a second information unit T can be sent out at randomly determined times.
  • the slot in question serves to receive a second information unit Q as an acknowledgment on the relevant ticket.
  • slot numbers can be continuously assigned to the tickets 10 starting from 1, for this purpose a slot number counter on the side of the transceiver unit is increased by the value 1 if one A ticket with a message Q was assigned to a slot, which means that a ticket that, due to its history, has registered with a relatively high slot number is assigned a lower slot number with the message Q for future communication.
  • the above-mentioned method can also be used if the slot numbers are managed with decrements by 1 in terms of time, in the present exemplary embodiment the first slot would have the number 512.
  • phase 2 information can be transferred to the tickets 10 in a targeted manner or set.
  • the dashed outline CF is in turn a raster CF are shown with the aforementioned slot zones, which are provided with slot numbers 1 to 512.
  • Three tickets X, y and Z are considered, whose identity and slot zone assignment are identified by (X, 3), ((y, 1) and (z , 4)
  • a first information unit S s is emitted by the first transmission unit 31. Due to the or the preceding
  • the process steps phasel contain the information on each ticket in which slot - identified by the slot number - a message for the ticket in question comes.
  • the second transmitting / receiving unit 32 carries out an “addressed” transmission of second information units U, in the example according to FIG. 5 these are the information units U ⁇ , U ⁇ and U z in the order of the slot zones.
  • the receipt of an information unit U is acknowledged by the relevant ticket with a second information unit Q.
  • the second information unit U z could not be received by the ticket Z.
  • Receiving unit 32 ascertained by the absence of a corresponding second information unit Q.
  • a repetition of the sequence of the grid CF can also be provided for the method step phase2, the first repetition being designated by Rep in Fig. 5.
  • the number of repetitions is determined for the relevant one Detection zone 22 is valid and also contained in the first information unit S.
  • a further transmission of a second information unit U z takes place in the slot with slot number 4, which is acknowledged by the relevant ticket Z with a second information unit Q.
  • transmission is only carried out in those slots to which a ticket was previously assigned and from which a second information unit Q could not yet be received from the method step phase2.
  • the information units St, SG ", SS", T and Q listed above have the structure explained below using Tables 1 and 2. Only those for the training management of the present invention necessary fields listed.
  • This structure. with the value KEYoMULTI is especially for. the information units S G , S s , T and Q are provided.
  • the value MULTI can be provided for the information units T and U in the KEY field, so that a further record can be contained in the PAYLOAD field.
  • PAYLOAD is shown for the above-mentioned value MULTI in the information field, as an example for two sub-information units in Table 2 below.
  • information unit the person skilled in the art also uses the terms record and telegram, depending on the particular point of view, namely whether from the perspective of computer science or from the perspective of data transmission or telecommunications. Accordingly, these information units with a certain, but variably designed structure are also referred to as container telegrams.
  • container telegrams The content of the field
  • RECEIVE-ID describes the address of the recipient.
  • the address space is dimensioned with 4 bytes corresponding to 2.
  • Certain values in hexadecimal notation such as OxFFFFFFFF or OxFFFFOO can be provided for certain broadcast messages.
  • For the KEY field symbolic values are not conclusively specified in Table 1; these can be combined, for example, in a representation of one byte by means of an OR operation.
  • the specified values stand for MULTI:
  • PAYLOAD contains at least one subrecord;
  • SINGLE The PAYLOAD field is simple;
  • the contents listed above can also be contained in other fields - also called flags - and the embedding in a structure according to Table 2 is only one example of an implementation of the present invention.
  • the length in bytes from this field is specified in the LEN field of the information unit.
  • the structure of the PAYLOAD record itself has lengths for the so-called subkeys and sub-user information units, so that there is an additional possibility for checking the plausibility of the transmitted information units.
  • the verification of the correct transmission is carried out and that, if need be, encryption is also carried out in an overlying layer, since the information transmitted is also used for billing ,
  • SINGLE or QUITT are included, which together with a specific entry in the LEN field also contain a fixed, i.e. Point out the fixed structure in the PAYLOAD field.
  • a field CONT_NR contains a consecutive number which is changed by one step each time a new one
  • container telegrams The technique of nesting records described above is called container telegrams.
  • the different subrecords are particularly advantageous if only one piece of information, such as the next stop or the estimated time of arrival at the destination should be transmitted. In such an application is in the field
  • RECEIVE-ID a so-called broadcast address is entered and in the KEY field is the note that the received message cannot be acknowledged by the ticket, for example with "NO-ACKN".
  • different types of broadcasts can also be provided in which certain sections a fixed one from the address space, e.g. the addresses 0x00000000 .. OxOOOOFFFF (specified in hexadecimal notation) have predetermined meaning. If certain addresses are provided for broadcasts in the RECEIVE_ID field, it is advantageous to provide this identically both in the first information unit S and in the second information unit U.
  • the three-phase method according to the invention with the phases marq, phasel and phase2 can be used together with the flexible one
  • an interaction by a person can deliberately “legalize” the purchase of a service or the purchase of a service is carried out with the explicit consent of the person using the ticket 10.
  • This can be done either with an actuating element on the ticket 10 can be made or by a device that is galvanically connected to the ticket 10 see or is only a radio contact.
  • the further transmission / reception modules 13 and 14 are provided on the ticket 10, which are based, for example, on the Vincinity or proximity card principle. In this way it is ensured that the carrier or the person assigned to such a ticket is preceded by a declaration of intent to receive a service.
  • the present invention can also be used for tracking objects, for example for tracing valuables within an airport site.
  • the present invention can also be applied to parking garages with so-called “Co-bi-tickets”. With one and the same electronic ticket 10, it can be used in a public transport network with detection based on the “Be-In / Be Out” principle without a voluntary declaration of consent as for registration based on the principle of a voluntary declaration of consent.
  • Loc stop Q is a second information unit provided as a receipt or acknowledgment message
  • Method step that is initiated with a first information unit St, S s or S G.

Abstract

Des billets (10) se trouvant dans une zone de détection (22) sont estampillés dans une première étape (marq) par une unité d'information (ST) transmise par un émetteur (31). Au début d'un service, lors d'une seconde étape (phase1), une autre première unité d'information (SG) est transmise, et les billets (10) disponibles dans une première trame (CF) dans des fentes prédéterminées sont transmis avec une seconde unité d'information (T) dont la réception est confirmée par un second émetteur/récepteur (32) au moyen d'un message de confirmation (Q). Les billets (10) auxquels aucune fente n'a été attribuée, sont attribués à une fente dans une autre trame (ACA). Lors d'une troisième étape (phase2), des secondes unités d'information (U) sont spécifiquement transmises aux billets (10), de sorte que la fourniture d'un service peut être enregistrée, à la fois sur un billet (10) et sur la face des émetteur/récepteurs (31, 32). Le procédé selon l'invention permet, grâce à l'attribution de fentes aux billets (10), une communication à faible risque de collision. La structure variable des unités d'information transmises permet d'adapter avec une certaine souplesse le procédé selon l'invention aux applications les plus diverses.
EP02787491A 2002-01-14 2002-10-18 Procede d'enregistrement de billets au moyen de zones a fentes et de messages a conteneur Withdrawn EP1466302A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02787491A EP1466302A1 (fr) 2002-01-14 2002-10-18 Procede d'enregistrement de billets au moyen de zones a fentes et de messages a conteneur

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02000769A EP1327961A1 (fr) 2002-01-14 2002-01-14 Procédé d'enregistrement de tickets utilisant des zones de tranche temporelle et des télégrammes de conteneur
EP02000769 2002-01-14
EP02787491A EP1466302A1 (fr) 2002-01-14 2002-10-18 Procede d'enregistrement de billets au moyen de zones a fentes et de messages a conteneur
PCT/EP2002/011663 WO2003058560A1 (fr) 2002-01-14 2002-10-18 Procede d'enregistrement de billets au moyen de zones a fentes et de messages a conteneur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1466302A1 true EP1466302A1 (fr) 2004-10-13

Family

ID=8185249

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02000769A Withdrawn EP1327961A1 (fr) 2002-01-14 2002-01-14 Procédé d'enregistrement de tickets utilisant des zones de tranche temporelle et des télégrammes de conteneur
EP02787491A Withdrawn EP1466302A1 (fr) 2002-01-14 2002-10-18 Procede d'enregistrement de billets au moyen de zones a fentes et de messages a conteneur

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02000769A Withdrawn EP1327961A1 (fr) 2002-01-14 2002-01-14 Procédé d'enregistrement de tickets utilisant des zones de tranche temporelle et des télégrammes de conteneur

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20050023344A1 (fr)
EP (2) EP1327961A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2005514713A (fr)
CA (1) CA2473358A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003058560A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2835786A1 (fr) * 2013-08-06 2015-02-11 Skidata Ag Procédé de détection continue de la présence d'une personne dans un moyen de transport public
JP7284626B2 (ja) * 2019-04-23 2023-05-31 理想科学工業株式会社 電子機器、装着ユニットおよび通信方法

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US5069453A (en) * 1990-01-05 1991-12-03 John R. Koza Ticket apparatus with a transmitter
JP2892111B2 (ja) * 1990-06-29 1999-05-17 株式会社東芝 携帯可能記録媒体処理システム、携帯可能記録媒体、自動改札機及び通過地点送信機
JPH08123919A (ja) * 1994-10-28 1996-05-17 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 非接触ｉｃカードシステムおよびその通信方法
ATE241181T1 (de) * 1999-04-29 2003-06-15 Cardintell Know How S A Verfahren zur verwaltung von elektronischen fahrkarten und einrichtung zu dessen durchführung
EP1065625A1 (fr) * 1999-07-02 2001-01-03 EM Microelectronic-Marin SA Système de détection d'individus ou d'objets à transpondeur
EP1210693B1 (fr) * 1999-09-10 2003-10-22 Siemens Transit Telematic Systems AG Procede et systeme d'enregistrement de billets
US7143049B2 (en) * 1999-09-10 2006-11-28 Siemens Vdo Automotive Ag Method and system for registering tickets
EP1150238A1 (fr) * 2000-04-27 2001-10-31 Häni Prolectron Ag Procédé de traitement des conflits d'accès dans un système de détection sans fil
JP2003016398A (ja) * 2001-06-27 2003-01-17 Sony Corp 携帯端末機

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO03058560A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2473358A1 (fr) 2003-07-17
US20050023344A1 (en) 2005-02-03
EP1327961A1 (fr) 2003-07-16
JP2005514713A (ja) 2005-05-19
WO2003058560A1 (fr) 2003-07-17

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