EP1462360B1 - Snorkel apparatus for a submarine - Google Patents

Snorkel apparatus for a submarine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1462360B1
EP1462360B1 EP04000918A EP04000918A EP1462360B1 EP 1462360 B1 EP1462360 B1 EP 1462360B1 EP 04000918 A EP04000918 A EP 04000918A EP 04000918 A EP04000918 A EP 04000918A EP 1462360 B1 EP1462360 B1 EP 1462360B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
snorkel
tube
compact
submarine
unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP04000918A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1462360A1 (en
Inventor
Ulrich Wäntig
Michael Mente
Wolfgang Scharf
Christian Buck
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Gabler Maschinenbau GmbH
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Gabler Maschinenbau GmbH
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Publication of EP1462360A1 publication Critical patent/EP1462360A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
    • B63G8/38—Arrangement of visual or electronic watch equipment, e.g. of periscopes, of radar

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a snorkel device according to the Preamble of claim 1 for a submarine.
  • the snorkel and the antenna device or extended several antenna devices the speed drops of the submarine due to the significantly increased water resistance on all the extended devices, which in turn the Fuel consumption for the combustion engine drive of the submarine increases. Furthermore, it forms when the snorkel with the Periscope and one or more antenna masts are extended, one larger so-called signature, d. H. a white water tail of water foam and spray in the form of a bow wave, at the rear of the extended Equipment on the sea surface, the very is clearly visible and therefore a clear, but not desirable Location of the submarine allows. Also, especially with several extended antenna masts a mutual disability given. This applies in particular to the periscope, its visual function is limited by extended masts.
  • snorkel and periscope located inside extends axially of the snorkel and through the pressure hull of the Submarine is passed, only a limited space positioning of the periscope, d. H. especially of its subdivision in Inside of the submarine possible.
  • the periscope is only in his Fully extended state usable because its insight optics, which is provided at the lower end of the periscope, only in Eye level of the relevant operator is located.
  • the object of the invention is to improve a snorkel device the introductory kind for a submarine, which at compact and cost-saving design communication with other participants, in particular maritime transport, at a reduced rate Orthus the submarine allows.
  • the advantages which can be achieved with the invention are, in particular, that due to the retractable snorkel tube of the snorkel device assembled compact units in the form of a short-stroke drivable Optronik and in the form of at least one short-stroke drivable Communication device, in particular for radio communication, separate in a conventional manner to the snorkel tube separately Positioned with a certain distance from it, long-stroke drivable Antenna masts a very compact and cost-saving design is created for a submarine snorkel device that except the well-known snorkeling function also the trouble-free or only negligible disturbed observation of the sea area around the submarine around and in addition to participation in maritime traffic allowed.
  • a cost-saving construction is also achieved in that the Linear actuators for optronics and radio antennas small and short can be kept because optronics and radio antennas initially, as they are attached to the snorkel, indirectly by means of it Be moved stroke drive. Only when the snorkel, d. H. be out and about retractable pipe, in its desired working position, in relation on its maximum stroke can also be an intermediate position, extended has been actuated, the short Hubantriebe, so that then optronics and radio antennas in their working position, which also can be an intermediate position, be moved.
  • Another advantage The invention consists in that the operational readiness of Optronik and antennas is achieved much faster, since only short strokes To extend these functional devices are covered.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the snorkel device according to the invention is that the individual compact units at the Outside of the snorkel's retractable and retractable snorkel tube is mounted and that the compact units and these compo units carrying snorkel tube from a common, aerodynamic Covering are surrounded.
  • the short linear actuators consist of hydraulic cylinder drives.
  • the embodiment still Fig. 1 includes a generally designated 1 Snorkel, usually in the tower 2 of not further illustrated submarine is provided.
  • the snorkel 1 includes a stationary tube 3, a surrounding this tube, vertically movable movable tube 4 and another stationary tube 5, on the one hand is connected to the stationary pipe 3 and on the other hand via a so-called passage 6 of the pressure hull 7 of the submarine in the Interior of the submarine leads.
  • the lower end of the movable snorkel tube 4 is mounted on a crossbar 8, which in turn on a conventional vertical column guide 9 slides.
  • a conventional Cylinder stroke drive (not shown) to the snorkel tube 4 to move vertically.
  • This Zylinderhubantrieb is usually also installed in the tower 2.
  • the movable snorkel tube 4 surrounds the first stationary tube 3, so that the snorkel tube 4 telescopic retractable and extendable.
  • the upper end of the movable snorkel tube 4 is with a protective cage 10 and with a conventional locking mechanism (not shown) to prevent unwanted intrusion to avoid water and objects.
  • the snorkel 1 is used for fresh air supply of the submarine and can continue to do so be designed that also the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine drive of the submarine can be discharged into the atmosphere.
  • the movable snorkel tube 4 is preferably on its outside provided with at least two compact units 11 and 12.
  • the one Compact unit 11 consists of an Optronikaji 13 and a Lifting drive 14.
  • the Optronik knew image in electrical signals around, over cable lines (not shown) in the usual way in the interior of the submarine directed to the monitor there and then converted back so that the operator does so with the help of Optronikzie 13 can observe the perceived image on the monitor.
  • the lifting drive 14 is preferably a hydraulic cylinder drive, the lifting cylinder is relatively short in design, because the Optronik knew 13th even only a small amount of travel takes to get over that Upper end of the movable snorkel tube 4 out in its uppermost Function position to be able to move, as the lifting movement the Optronik knew 13 first of the lifting drive of the snorkel tube 4 is effected.
  • the further compact unit 12 of the movable snorkel tube 4th includes a communication device 15 and a lifting drive 16 for this.
  • This communication device 15 is preferably a radio unit for the exchange of information during the snorkeling trip of the submarine.
  • the radio unit can be set up for the HF, VHF, UHF or UHF Satcom radio communications. It is possible that the Radio unit also a combination of the relevant radio antennas can have. Also in this case, the electric radio signals via cable lines (not shown) in the interior of the submarine too forwarded to the desired locations and processed there to the Carrying out radio communication.
  • the respective radio unit is with a equipped receiving and transmitting antenna.
  • the lifting drive 16 for the aforementioned radio unit is preferably also a hydraulic cylinder drive whose cylinder is also relative is short, because this drive also only a short Lifting stroke needs to be brought to its functional position to be able to.
  • Figures 3 and 4 indicate the snorkel 1 as well as the two its extended snorkel tube 4 attached compact units 11 and 12 in each fully extended functional position.
  • the Optronikritt 13 and the communication device 15 each above the upper end of the extended snorkel tube 4th are located.
  • the Optronikü 13 assumes a higher position, so that the optical observation of the sea area not by the Communication device 15 is disturbed. From Figures 3 and 4 results Furthermore, that the Optronikritt 13 and the communication device 15 drove in a short time in their functional position and can be recovered from this, so that the operational readiness the Optroniktechnik 13 and / or the communication device 15 is guaranteed in a very short time.
  • the one or more further compact units mentioned 12 may also be at least one other further compact unit Be provided (not shown) as the information device in the form of a GPS (Global Positioning System) - or in the form of a ESM (Electronic Support Measures) unit is used.
  • GPS Global Positioning System
  • ESM Electronic Support Measures
  • the compact units 11, 12 are outside provided the snorkel tube 4. You can also inside be provided of the snorkel tube, in which case the snorkel tube in diameter will be slightly larger.
  • this snorkel tube itself is aerodynamically designed (not shown), e.g. B. approximately oval-shaped. In this case, it may alternatively Be advantageous only the pointing in the direction of travel range of on and extendable snorkel tube 4 streamlined design. at this partially aerodynamic design of the tube 4 is located the front compact unit 12 within the snorkel tube 4th and the rear compact unit 1 outside the snorkel tube. at several front and rear compact units applies accordingly.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)

Abstract

An optical observation unit is equipped with compact units (11,12) and communication units (15) that are provided on an extendible and retractable snorkel tube (4). The optical observation unit is adapted for observing water during snorkeling travel of the submarine.

Description

Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Schnorchelvorrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 für ein U-Boot.The invention is based on a snorkel device according to the Preamble of claim 1 for a submarine.

Es ist eine Schnorchelvorrichtung für ein U-Boot bekannt, in deren aus dem Turm des U-Bootes ausfahrbares und in diesen wieder einfahrbares Schnorchelrohr ein optisches Sehrohr geführt montiert ist, um den Seeraum über dem Wasser während der auf sogenannter Sehrohrtiefe durchgeführten Tauchfahrt (Schnorchelfahrt, bei der das Schnorchelrohr mit dem Sehrohr ausgefahren ist) des U-Bootes beobachten zu können. Ferner ist es erforderlich, separat einen Antennenmast mit einer Antenneneinrichtung auszufahren, um die Kommunikation, insbesondere den Funkverkehr, mit anderen Verkehrsteilnehmern insbesondere zu Wasser zu ermöglichen. Die jeweilige Antenne ist hierzu am Oberende ihres langen Mastes angeordnet, der für die Durchführung des Funkverkehrs mittels eines langhubigen Hubzylinders aus dem Turm des U-Bootes ausgefahren und nach beendigtem Funkverkehr wieder eingefahren wird. Sind der Schnorchel und die Antenneneinrichtung oder mehrere Antenneneinrichtungen ausgefahren, sinkt die Geschwindigkeit des U-Bootes aufgrund des erheblich erhöhten Wasserwiderstandes an den sämtlichen ausgefahrenen Geräten, wodurch wiederum der Kraftstoffverbrauch für den Verbrennungsmotorantrieb des U-Bootes ansteigt. Des Weiteren bildet sich, wenn der Schnorchel mit dem Sehrohr und ein oder mehrere Antennenmasten ausgefahren sind, eine größere sogenannte Signatur, d. h. ein weißer Wasserschweif aus Wasserschaum und Gischt in Form einer Bugwelle, rückwärtig an den ausgefahrenen Geräten auf der Meeresoberfläche aus, die bzw. der sehr gut zu erkennen ist und daher eine eindeutige, jedoch nicht erwünschte Ortung des U-Bootes ermöglicht. Auch ist insbesondere bei mehreren ausgefahrenen Antennenmasten eine gegenseitige Funktionsbehinderung gegeben. Dies gilt insbesondere für das Sehrohr, dessen Sichtfunktion durch ausgefahrene Masten eingeschränkt ist. Weiterhin ist durch die kombinierte Bauweise von Schnorchel und Sehrohr, das sich im Inneren des Schnorchels axial erstreckt und durch den Druckkörper des U-Bootes hindurchgeführt ist, nur eine beschränkte platzmäßige Positionierung des Sehrohres, d. h. insbesondere von dessen Unterende im Inneren des U-Bootes möglich. Außerdem ist das Sehrohr nur in seinem vollständig ausgefahrenen Zustand verwendbar, weil sich seine Einblickoptik, die am Unterende des Sehrohres vorgesehen ist, nur dann in Augenhöhe der betreffenden Bedienungsperson befindet.There is a snorkel device known for a submarine in which out the tower of the submarine extendable and retractable in this Snorkel tube mounted on an optical periscope is attached to the sea area above the water during the so-called Sehrohrtiefe Diving trip (snorkeling trip, where the snorkel tube with the periscope extended) of the submarine watch can. Furthermore, it is necessary to separately an antenna mast with a Antenna device extend to the communication, in particular radio communications, in particular with other road users To allow water. The respective antenna is at the top end arranged her long mast, for the implementation of radio communications by means of a long-stroke lifting cylinder from the tower of the submarine extended and retracted after completed radio communication becomes. Are the snorkel and the antenna device or extended several antenna devices, the speed drops of the submarine due to the significantly increased water resistance on all the extended devices, which in turn the Fuel consumption for the combustion engine drive of the submarine increases. Furthermore, it forms when the snorkel with the Periscope and one or more antenna masts are extended, one larger so-called signature, d. H. a white water tail of water foam and spray in the form of a bow wave, at the rear of the extended Equipment on the sea surface, the very is clearly visible and therefore a clear, but not desirable Location of the submarine allows. Also, especially with several extended antenna masts a mutual disability given. This applies in particular to the periscope, its visual function is limited by extended masts. Furthermore, by the combined construction of snorkel and periscope, located inside extends axially of the snorkel and through the pressure hull of the Submarine is passed, only a limited space positioning of the periscope, d. H. especially of its subdivision in Inside of the submarine possible. In addition, the periscope is only in his Fully extended state usable because its insight optics, which is provided at the lower end of the periscope, only in Eye level of the relevant operator is located.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht in der Verbesserung einer Schnorchelvorrichtung der einleitend angeführten Art für ein U-Boot, die bei kompakter und kostensparender Bauweise eine Kommunikation mit anderen, insbesondere am Seeverkehr beteiligten Teilnehmern bei verringerter Ortbarkeit des U-Bootes ermöglicht.The object of the invention is to improve a snorkel device the introductory kind for a submarine, which at compact and cost-saving design communication with other participants, in particular maritime transport, at a reduced rate Ortbarkeit the submarine allows.

Die Lösung der Aufgabe ist in dem Patentanspruch 1 angegeben.The solution of the problem is specified in the patent claim 1.

Die mit der Erfindung erzielbaren Vorteile bestehen insbesondere darin, dass aufgrund der an dem ausfahrbaren Schnorchelrohr der Schnorchelvorrichtung montierten Kompakteinheiten in Form einer kurzhubig antreibbaren Optronik und in Form wenigstens einer kurzhubig antreibbaren Kommunikationseinrichtung, insbesondere für den Funkverkehr, im Vergleich zu in herkömmlicher Weise zu dem Schnorchelrohr gesondert mit gewissem Abstand davon positionierten, langhubig antreibbaren Antennenmasten eine sehr kompakte und kostensparende Bauweise für eine U-Boot-Schnorchelvorrichtung geschaffen ist, die außer der bekannten Schnorchelfunktion auch die störungsfreie oder nur vernachlässigbar gestörte Beobachtung des Seegebietes um das U-Boot herum und zusätzlich die Teilnahme am Seefunkverkehr gestattet. Da sich die Optronik und die jeweiligen Funkeinheiten direkt an dem Schnorchelrohr befinden, ergibt sich des Weiteren ein insgesamt erheblich geringerer Strömungswiderstand bei ausgefahrenem Schnorchel, der die Absenkung der Fahrgeschwindigkeit des U-Bootes minimiert und somit auch eine Kraftstoffeinsparung für den Verbrennungsmotor des U-Bootes bewirkt. Logischerweise ergibt sich auch eine verhältnismäßig kleine Signatur, wodurch die Ortbarkeit des U-Bootes beträchtlich erschwert ist. Außerdem kann der volle Querschnitt des Schnorchelsystems für die Frischluftversorgung genutzt werden.The advantages which can be achieved with the invention are, in particular, that due to the retractable snorkel tube of the snorkel device assembled compact units in the form of a short-stroke drivable Optronik and in the form of at least one short-stroke drivable Communication device, in particular for radio communication, separate in a conventional manner to the snorkel tube separately Positioned with a certain distance from it, long-stroke drivable Antenna masts a very compact and cost-saving design is created for a submarine snorkel device that except the well-known snorkeling function also the trouble-free or only negligible disturbed observation of the sea area around the submarine around and in addition to participation in maritime traffic allowed. There the Optronics and the respective radio units directly at the Snorkel tube are also results in a total of considerable lower flow resistance when the snorkel is extended, which minimizes the lowering of the speed of the submarine and thus also a fuel saving for the internal combustion engine of the submarine causes. Logically, there is also a relative small signature, which makes the U-boat very difficult to locate is. In addition, the full cross section of the snorkel system be used for fresh air supply.

Eine kostensparende Bauweise ist auch dadurch erreicht, dass die Hubantriebe für die Optronik und die Funkantennen klein und kurz gehalten werden können, weil Optronik und Funkantennen zunächst, da sie am Schnorchel befestigt sind, mittelbar mit Hilfe von dessen Hubantrieb verfahren werden. Erst wenn der Schnorchel, d. h. sein ausund einfahrbares Rohr, in seine gewünschte Arbeitsstellung, die in Bezug auf seinen maximalen Hub auch eine Zwischenstellung sein kann, ausgefahren worden ist, werden die kurzen Hubantriebe betätigt, so dass dann Optronik und Funkantennen in ihre Arbeitsstellung, die ebenfalls eine Zwischenstellung sein kann, verfahren werden. Ein weiterer Vorteil der Erfindung besteht darin, dass die Betriebsbereitschaft von Optronik und Antennen wesentlich schneller erreicht wird, da nur kurze Hubwege zum Ausfahren dieser Funktionsgeräte zurückzulegen sind. Wegen der kurzen und schnell zurückzulegenden Hubwege ist auch die Sichtbehinderung der Optronik durch die Antennen minimiert. Die Verwendung der Optronik erlaubt ferner, dass der Arbeitsplatz im Inneren des U-Bootes für die Person, welche den der Optronik zugeordneten Monitor beobachtet, in Bezug auf seine Position optimal ausgewählt werden kann. A cost-saving construction is also achieved in that the Linear actuators for optronics and radio antennas small and short can be kept because optronics and radio antennas initially, as they are attached to the snorkel, indirectly by means of it Be moved stroke drive. Only when the snorkel, d. H. be out and about retractable pipe, in its desired working position, in relation on its maximum stroke can also be an intermediate position, extended has been actuated, the short Hubantriebe, so that then optronics and radio antennas in their working position, which also can be an intermediate position, be moved. Another advantage The invention consists in that the operational readiness of Optronik and antennas is achieved much faster, since only short strokes To extend these functional devices are covered. Because of the short and easy to cover Hubwege is also the obstruction the optronics minimized by the antennas. The usage Optronics also allows the workplace inside the submarine for the person who the monitor associated with the Optronics observed, be optimally selected in terms of its position can.

Ein noch weiterer Vorteil der Erfindung besteht darin, dass die übliche Redundanz der vorerwähnten Geräte für optische Beobachtung und Kommunikation sowie auch für die Informationsbeschaffung im Turm des U-Bootes in verbesserter Weise weiterhin gewährleistet ist, weil aufgrund der kompakten Bauweise der erfindungsgemäßen Schnorchelvorrichtung ein Platzgewinn im Turm des U-Bootes erreicht ist, der für andere Geräte und/oder für mehr Personen in dem Turm genutzt werden kann.Yet another advantage of the invention is that the usual Redundancy of the aforementioned devices for optical observation and Communication as well as for information gathering in the tower the submarine is further ensured in an improved manner because of the compact design of the snorkel device according to the invention a gain in space in the tower of the submarine is reached, which for other devices and / or used for more people in the tower can.

Eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Schnorchelvorrichtung besteht darin, dass die einzelnen Kompakteinheiten an der Außenseite des aus- und einfahrbaren Schnorchelrohres des Schnorchels montiert ist und dass die Kompakteinheiten und das diese Kompokteinheiten tragende Schnorchelrohr von einer gemeinsamen, strömungsgünstigen Verkleidung umgeben sind. In weiterer Ausgestaltung bestehen die kurzen Hubantriebe aus hydraulischen Zylinderantrieben. Mit einer solchen Ausgestaltung werden die weiter vorstehend aufgezählten Vorteile der Erfindung weiter optimiert.An advantageous embodiment of the snorkel device according to the invention is that the individual compact units at the Outside of the snorkel's retractable and retractable snorkel tube is mounted and that the compact units and these compo units carrying snorkel tube from a common, aerodynamic Covering are surrounded. In a further embodiment The short linear actuators consist of hydraulic cylinder drives. With such a configuration, those listed above Advantages of the invention further optimized.

Die Erfindung ist nachstehend anhand eines in den anliegenden Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Längsschnitt durch das Ausführungsbeispiel in eingefahrenem Zustand,
Fig. 2
eine Aufsicht gemäß dem Pfeil A in Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
das Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 1 in ausgefahrenem Zustand,
Fig. 4
die Einzelheit X in Fig. 3,
Fig. 5
ein abgeändertes Ausführungsbeispiel in ausgefahrenem Zustand,
Fig. 6
die Einzelheit Y in Fig. 5.
The invention is explained below with reference to an embodiment illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1
a longitudinal section through the embodiment in the retracted state,
Fig. 2
a top view according to the arrow A in Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
the embodiment of FIG. 1 in the extended state,
Fig. 4
the detail X in Fig. 3,
Fig. 5
a modified embodiment in the extended state,
Fig. 6
the detail Y in Fig. 5.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel noch Fig. 1 enthält einen allgemein mit 1 bezeichneten Schnorchel, der üblicherweise in dem Turm 2 des nicht weiter dargestellten U-Bootes vorgesehen ist. Der Schnorchel 1 umfasst ein stationäres Rohr 3, ein dieses Rohr umgebendes, vertikal verfahrbar bewegliches Rohr 4 sowie ein weiteres stationäres Rohr 5, das einerseits an das stationäre Rohr 3 angeschlossen ist und andererseits über eine sogenannte Durchführung 6 des Druckkörpers 7 des U-Bootes in das Innere des U-Bootes führt. Das Unterende des beweglichen Schnorchelrohres 4 ist auf einer Traverse 8 montiert, die wiederum an einer üblichen vertikalen Säulenführung 9 gleitet. An der Traverse 8 greift ein üblicher Zylinderhubantrieb an (nicht dargestellt), um das Schnorchelrohr 4 vertikal zu verfahren. Dieser Zylinderhubantrieb ist üblicherweise ebenfalls in dem Turm 2 installiert. Das bewegliche Schnorchelrohr 4 umgibt das erste stationäre Rohr 3, so dass das Schnorchelrohr 4 teleskopisch einfahrbar und ausfahrbar ist. Das Oberende des beweglichen Schnorchelrohres 4 ist mit einem Schutzkäfig 10 und mit einer üblichen Verschlussmechanik (nicht dargestellt) versehen, um unerwünschtes Eindringen von Wasser und Gegenständen zu vermeiden. Der Schnorchel 1 dient zur Frischluftversorgung des U-Bootes und kann des Weiteren so ausgestaltet sein, dass auch die Abgase des Verbrennungsmotorantriebs des U-Bootes in die Atmosphäre abgeleitet werden können.The embodiment still Fig. 1 includes a generally designated 1 Snorkel, usually in the tower 2 of not further illustrated submarine is provided. The snorkel 1 includes a stationary tube 3, a surrounding this tube, vertically movable movable tube 4 and another stationary tube 5, on the one hand is connected to the stationary pipe 3 and on the other hand via a so-called passage 6 of the pressure hull 7 of the submarine in the Interior of the submarine leads. The lower end of the movable snorkel tube 4 is mounted on a crossbar 8, which in turn on a conventional vertical column guide 9 slides. At the Traverse 8 engages a conventional Cylinder stroke drive (not shown) to the snorkel tube 4 to move vertically. This Zylinderhubantrieb is usually also installed in the tower 2. The movable snorkel tube 4 surrounds the first stationary tube 3, so that the snorkel tube 4 telescopic retractable and extendable. The upper end of the movable snorkel tube 4 is with a protective cage 10 and with a conventional locking mechanism (not shown) to prevent unwanted intrusion to avoid water and objects. The snorkel 1 is used for fresh air supply of the submarine and can continue to do so be designed that also the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine drive of the submarine can be discharged into the atmosphere.

Das bewegliche Schnorchelrohr 4 ist vorzugsweise auf seiner Außenseite mit wenigstens zwei Kompakteinheiten 11 und 12 versehen. Die eine Kompakteinheit 11 besteht aus einer Optronikeinheit 13 und einem Hubantrieb 14. Die Optronikeinheit 13 ist in herkömmlicher Weise konstruiert und dient in ihrem ausgefahrenen Zustand zur optischen Beobachtung des Seegebietes, wenn sich das U-Boot auf sogenannter Schnorchelfahrt befindet, bei welcher der Schnorchel 1 in die gewünschte Stellung ausgefahren ist, welche in der Regel die obere Endstellung des Schnorchelrohres 4 ist. Die Optronikeinheit wandelt das optisch wahrgenommene Bild in elektrische Signale um, die über Kabelleitungen (nicht dargestellt) in üblicher Weise in das Innere des U-Bootes zu dem dort vorhandenen Monitor geleitet und dann zurückverwandelt werden, so dass die Bedienungsperson das mit Hilfe der Optronikeinheit 13 wahrgenommene Bild auf dem Monitor beobachten kann.The movable snorkel tube 4 is preferably on its outside provided with at least two compact units 11 and 12. The one Compact unit 11 consists of an Optronikeinheit 13 and a Lifting drive 14. The Optronikeinheit 13 is constructed in a conventional manner and serves in its extended state for optical observation of the sea area, if the submarine on so-called Snorkel ride is located at which the snorkel 1 in the desired Position is extended, which is usually the upper end position of the snorkel tube 4 is. The Optronikeinheit transforms the optical perceived image in electrical signals around, over cable lines (not shown) in the usual way in the interior of the submarine directed to the monitor there and then converted back so that the operator does so with the help of Optronikeinheit 13 can observe the perceived image on the monitor.

Der Hubantrieb 14 ist vorzugsweise ein hydraulischer Zylinderantrieb, dessen Hubzylinder relativ kurzer Bauart ist, weil die Optronikeinheit 13 selbst nur einen kleinen Hubweg zurückzulegen braucht, um über das Oberende des beweglichen Schnorchelrohres 4 hinaus in seine oberste Funktionsstellung verfahren werden zu können, da die Hubbewegung der Optronikeinheit 13 zunächst von dem Hubantrieb des Schnorchelrohres 4 bewirkt wird.The lifting drive 14 is preferably a hydraulic cylinder drive, the lifting cylinder is relatively short in design, because the Optronikeinheit 13th even only a small amount of travel takes to get over that Upper end of the movable snorkel tube 4 out in its uppermost Function position to be able to move, as the lifting movement the Optronikeinheit 13 first of the lifting drive of the snorkel tube 4 is effected.

Die weitere Kompakteinheit 12 des beweglichen Schnorchelrohres 4 umfasst eine Kommunikationseinrichtung 15 und einen Hubantrieb 16 dafür.The further compact unit 12 of the movable snorkel tube 4th includes a communication device 15 and a lifting drive 16 for this.

Diese Kommunikationseinrichtung 15 ist vorzugsweise eine Funkeinheit für den Informationsaustausch während der Schnorchelfahrt des U-Bootes. Die Funkeinheit kann eingerichtet sein für die HF-, VHF-, UHFoder UHF-Satcom-Funkkommunikation. Hierbei ist es möglich, dass die Funkeinheit auch eine Kombination der betreffenden Funkantennen aufweisen kann. Auch in diesem Fall werden die elektrischen Funksignole über Kabelleitungen (nicht dargestellt) in das Innere des U-Bootes zu den gewünschten Stellen weitergeleitet und dort verarbeitet, um die Funkkommunikation durchzuführen. Die jeweilige Funkeinheit ist mit einer entsprechenden Empfangs- und Sendeantenne ausgerüstet. This communication device 15 is preferably a radio unit for the exchange of information during the snorkeling trip of the submarine. The radio unit can be set up for the HF, VHF, UHF or UHF Satcom radio communications. It is possible that the Radio unit also a combination of the relevant radio antennas can have. Also in this case, the electric radio signals via cable lines (not shown) in the interior of the submarine too forwarded to the desired locations and processed there to the Carrying out radio communication. The respective radio unit is with a equipped receiving and transmitting antenna.

Der Hubantrieb 16 für die vorgenannte Funkeinheit ist vorzugsweise ebenfalls ein hydraulischer Zylinderantrieb, dessen Zylinder ebenfalls relativ kurz ausgeführt ist, weil dieser Antrieb ebenfalls nur eine kurze Hubstrecke zurückzulegen braucht, um in seine Funktionsstellung gebracht werden zu können.The lifting drive 16 for the aforementioned radio unit is preferably also a hydraulic cylinder drive whose cylinder is also relative is short, because this drive also only a short Lifting stroke needs to be brought to its functional position to be able to.

Die Figuren 3 und 4 zeigen den Schnorchel 1 sowie auch die beiden an dessen ausgefahrenem Schnorchelrohr 4 befestigten Kompakteinheiten 11 und 12 in jeweils voll ausgefahrener Funktionsstellung. Man erkennt, dass sich die Optronikeinheit 13 und die Kommunikationseinrichtung 15 jeweils oberhalb des Oberendes des ausgefahrenen Schnorchelrohres 4 befinden. Dabei nimmt die Optronikeinheit 13 eine höhere Stellung ein, so dass die optische Beobachtung des Seegebietes nicht durch die Kommunikationseinrichtung 15 gestört ist. Aus den Figuren 3 und 4 ergibt sich des Weiteren, dass die Optronikeinheit 13 und die Kommunikationseinrichtung 15 in kurzer Zeit in ihre Funktionsstellung gefahren und aus dieser wieder eingezogen werden können, so dass die Betriebsbereitschaft der Optronikeinheit 13 und/oder der Kommunikationseinrichtung 15 in sehr kurzer Zeit gewährleistet ist.Figures 3 and 4 indicate the snorkel 1 as well as the two its extended snorkel tube 4 attached compact units 11 and 12 in each fully extended functional position. One recognises, that the Optronikeinheit 13 and the communication device 15 each above the upper end of the extended snorkel tube 4th are located. The Optronikeinheit 13 assumes a higher position, so that the optical observation of the sea area not by the Communication device 15 is disturbed. From Figures 3 and 4 results Furthermore, that the Optronikeinheit 13 and the communication device 15 drove in a short time in their functional position and can be recovered from this, so that the operational readiness the Optronikeinheit 13 and / or the communication device 15 is guaranteed in a very short time.

Zusätzlich zu den beiden Kompakteinheiten 11 und 12 kann wenigstens eine weitere Kompakteinheit vorgesehen sein. Diese weitere Kompakteinheit kann ebenfalls eine Funkeinheit sein, die mit wenigstens einer der vorgenannten Funkantennen bestückt ist. Hierbei wird in der Regel so vorgegangen werden, dass eine Funkantenne verwendet wird, die sich von der Funkantenne der anderen Kommunikationseinrichtung unterscheidet. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, zwei Kommunikationseinrichtungen 15 mit jeweils gleicher Funkantenne zu verwenden, wenn eine Redundanz dieser Kompakteinheiten gewünscht wird. Eine Geräteredundanz kann aber auch dadurch gewährleistet sein, dass eine gleichartige Funkeinheit in herkömmlicher Bauweise verwendet wird, d. h. ein langhubig angetriebenes Ausfahrgerät, welches zusätzlich zu der vorstehend beschriebenen Schnorcheleinheit 1 mit Abstand davon im Turm vorgesehen ist.In addition to the two compact units 11 and 12, at least be provided a further compact unit. This further compact unit may also be a radio unit with at least one the aforementioned radio antennas is equipped. This is usually be operated so that a radio antenna is used, the differs from the radio antenna of the other communication device. However, it is also possible to use two communication devices 15 with the same radio antenna to use, if one Redundancy of these compact units is desired. A device redundancy But it can also be guaranteed by the fact that a similar radio unit is used in conventional construction, d. H. a long-stroke driven Ausfahrgerät, which in addition to the above-described snorkel unit 1 at a distance therefrom Tower is provided.

Zusätzlich oder alternativ zu der oder den genannten weiteren Kompakteinheiten 12 kann auch wenigstens eine andere weitere Kompakteinheit (nicht dargestellt) vorgesehen sein, die als Informationseinrichtung in Form einer GPS (Global Positioning System)- oder in Form einer ESM (Electronic Support Measures)-Einheit verwendet wird. Auch diese Informationseinrichtungen werden wie erläutert kurzhubig angetrieben, so dass auch in diesem Fall ein relativ kurzer hydraulischer Zylinderantrieb vorgesehen ist. Baulich kann auch in diesem Fall so vorgegangen werden, dass eine einzige andere weitere Kompakteinheit vorgesehen ist, die beide vorgenannten Informationseinrichtungen enthält. Auf diese Weise kann die Informationsbeschoffung mittels Satellit und/oder Radar erfolgen und für die U-Bootnavigation berücksichtigt werden.Additionally or alternatively to the one or more further compact units mentioned 12 may also be at least one other further compact unit Be provided (not shown) as the information device in the form of a GPS (Global Positioning System) - or in the form of a ESM (Electronic Support Measures) unit is used. These too Information devices are driven as described short-stroke, so that even in this case a relatively short hydraulic cylinder drive is provided. Structural can also proceed in this case be provided that a single other further compact unit is that contains both aforementioned information facilities. To this Way the information can be exploited by satellite and / or Radar and considered for submarine navigation.

Von den Platzverhältnissen um das vertikal bewegbare Schnorchelrohr 4 herum und von den gewünschten Anforderungen bei der Kommunikation und Informationsbeschaffung des betreffenden U-Bootes wird es abhängen, wie viele Kompakteinheiten zusätzlich zur optronischen Kompakteinheit am Schnorchelrohr 4 verwendet werden. In Fig. 2, in welcher zwei Kompakteinheiten 11 und 12 dargestellt sind, ist zu erkennen, dass noch Platz für mehrere Kompakteinheiten vorhanden ist, zumal die Durchmesser-Baugröße dieser Einheiten selbstverständlich unterschiedlich ist und kleine Baumaße haben kann.From the space around the vertically movable snorkel tube 4 and the desired communication requirements and information gathering of the relevant submarine will be there depend on how many compact units in addition to the optronic Compact unit can be used on the snorkel tube 4. In Fig. 2, in which two compact units 11 and 12 are shown, it can be seen that there is still room for several compact units, especially Of course, the diameter size of these units varies is and can have small dimensions.

Aus den Figuren 1, 3 und 5 ist zu erkennen, dass die Kompakteinheiten 11 und 12 außerhalb des Schnorchelrohres 4 montiert sind. Diese Kompakteinheiten sind praktisch ohne Abstand zu dem Schnorchelrohr 4 an diesem befestigt und mit Bezug auf die durch den Pfeil 7 angegebene Fahrrichtung des U-Bootes hintereinander angeordnet, derart, dass sich die eine Kompakteinheit 12 vor dem Schnorchelrohr 4 und die andere Kompakteinheit 11 hinter dem Schnorchelrohr 4 befindet. Es versteht sich, dass diese so angeordneten Teile 4, 11 und 12 nur eine kleine Signatur verursachen, die im Wesentlichen durch das Schnorchelrohr 4 bestimmt wird. Zur weiteren Minimierung der Signatur kann so vorgegangen werden, dass eine gemeinsame, strömungsgünstige Verkleidung 18 vorgesehen wird, wie Fig. 2 zeigt. Diese Verkleidung 18 ist, im Querschnitt betrachtet, angenähert oval ausgebildet und umgibt die Kompakteinheiten 11 und 12 sowie das diese Kompakteinheiten tragende Schnorchelrohr 4.From Figures 1, 3 and 5 it can be seen that the compact units 11 and 12 are mounted outside the snorkel tube 4. These compact units are virtually no distance to the snorkel tube 4 at this fixed and with reference to the indicated by the arrow 7 Direction of travel of the submarine arranged behind each other, such that one compact unit 12 in front of the snorkel tube 4 and the other Compact unit 11 is located behind the snorkel tube 4. It understands itself, that these so arranged parts 4, 11 and 12 only a small signature caused by the snorkel tube 4 is determined. To further minimize the signature can proceed as be that a common, streamlined fairing 18 is provided, as Fig. 2 shows. This panel 18 is in the Seen cross-section, formed approximately oval and surrounds the Compact units 11 and 12 and the compact units carrying this Snorkel tube 4.

Wie die Figuren 1 bis 6 zeigen, sind die Kompakteinheiten 11, 12 außerhalb des Schnorchelrohres 4 vorgesehen. Sie können auch innerhalb des Schnorchelrohres vorgesehen sein, wobei dann das Schnorchelrohr im Durchmesser etwas größer sein wird. Wenn die Kompakteinheiten an der Innenseite des Schnorchelrohres vorgesehen sind, ist es vorteilhaft, dass dieses Schnorchelrohr selbst strömungsgünstig ausgebildet ist (nicht gezeigt), z. B. etwa ovalförmig. In diesem Fall kann es alternativ vorteilhaft sein, nur den in Fahrrichtung weisenden Bereich des ein- und ausfahrbaren Schnorchelrohres 4 strömungsgünstig auszubilden. Bei dieser teilweise strömungsgünstigen Ausbildung des Rohres 4 befindet sich die vordere Kompakteinheit 12 innerhalb des Schnorchelrohres 4 und die hintere Kompakteinheit 1 außerhalb des Schnorchelrohres. Bei mehreren vorderen und hinteren Kompakteinheiten gilt entsprechendes.As FIGS. 1 to 6 show, the compact units 11, 12 are outside provided the snorkel tube 4. You can also inside be provided of the snorkel tube, in which case the snorkel tube in diameter will be slightly larger. When the compact units on are provided on the inside of the snorkel tube, it is advantageous that this snorkel tube itself is aerodynamically designed (not shown), e.g. B. approximately oval-shaped. In this case, it may alternatively Be advantageous only the pointing in the direction of travel range of on and extendable snorkel tube 4 streamlined design. at this partially aerodynamic design of the tube 4 is located the front compact unit 12 within the snorkel tube 4th and the rear compact unit 1 outside the snorkel tube. at several front and rear compact units applies accordingly.

Claims (7)

  1. A snorkel device for a submarine, wherein the snorkel device comprises an extendible and retractable snorkel tube and an optical means connected to the snorkel tube, for the above-water observation during the snorkelling travel (travel at periscope depth) of the submarine, characterised in that the optical observation means is formed as a compact unit (11) which comprises an optronics unit (13) and a short-travel drive (14) for this, and that at least one further compact unit (12) is provided which comprises at least one communications means (15) and a short-travel drive (16) for this, and that these further compact units (11, 12) are provided on the extendible and retractable snorkel tube (4).
  2. A snorkel device according to claim 1, characterised in that the compact units (11, 12) are provided on the outer side and/or on the inner side of the snorkel tube (4) of the snorkel (1), said snorkel tube being able to be extended and retracted.
  3. A snorkel device according to claim 2, characterised in that with the compact units (11, 12) provided on the outside of the snorkel tube (14), these and the snorkel tube (4) carrying these compact units (4) are surrounded by a common, streamlined casing (18).
  4. A snorkel device according to claim 2, characterised in that with the compact units (11, 12) provided on the inner side of the snorkel tube (4), the snorkel tube itself is designed at least partly in a streamlined manner.
  5. A snorkel device according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the short-travel drives (14, 16) of the compact units (11, 12) consist of hydraulic cylinder drives.
  6. A snorkel device according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the communication means (15) of the further compact unit (12) consists of a radio unit for HF, VHF, UHF or UHF-satcom radio communication or a combination thereof.
  7. A snorkel device according to one of the claims 1 to 6, characterised in that in each case an information means driven in a short-travel manner in the form of a GPS unit and/or an ESM unit is/are provided as yet further compact unit(s) (12).
EP04000918A 2003-02-27 2004-01-17 Snorkel apparatus for a submarine Expired - Lifetime EP1462360B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10308366A DE10308366B3 (en) 2003-02-27 2003-02-27 Snorkeling device for a submarine
DE10308366 2003-02-27

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EP1462360A1 EP1462360A1 (en) 2004-09-29
EP1462360B1 true EP1462360B1 (en) 2005-03-02

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US (1) US7209288B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1462360B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE289939T1 (en)
DE (2) DE10308366B3 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10308366B3 (en) 2004-11-04
DE502004000001D1 (en) 2005-04-07
EP1462360A1 (en) 2004-09-29
ATE289939T1 (en) 2005-03-15
US20040169917A1 (en) 2004-09-02
US7209288B2 (en) 2007-04-24

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