EP3129318B1 - Lifting device for a submarine - Google Patents

Description

State of the art

The invention relates to a lifting device for a submarine.

Submarines are known for being built to be as compact and space-saving as possible. As a result, there is usually little or no storage space left inside the submarine that can be used for the transport of loads. In particular, the size of the loads carried is limited, for example, by the size of the access to the interior of the submarine or by the size of hatches in the interior of the submarine. Thus, comparatively large payloads, such as, for example, unmanned underwater vehicles (UUV) that are to be brought to their destination by a manned submarine, cannot be carried in a simple and streamlined manner. It is known to attach such unmanned underwater vehicles, for example, to the outer shell of the submarine, but this has a considerable adverse effect on the driving profile and the flow properties of the submarine

The EP 1 935 779 A2 discloses a lifting device according to the preamble of independent claim 1.

Disclosure of the invention

It is the object of the present invention to provide a device that enables loads to be transported on a submarine. In particular, a receptacle should be made available by means of which loads can be carried along that are comparatively large without changing the outer contour of the submarine. It is desirable to stow the load inside the submarine in a space-saving and secure manner. In addition, the receptacle should be easily accessible in order to simplify loading and unloading of the load. In addition, the recording should neither worsen or negatively influence the acoustic properties nor the driving properties of the submarine.

The object is achieved by a lifting device for a submarine according to independent claim 1.

Due to the adjacent arrangement of the receptacle to the lifting element, a lifting device that is economical in terms of installation space and can be integrated into submarines can be provided in an advantageous manner. In the arrangement according to the invention, in particular the size of the receptacle in a direction running parallel to the stroke direction is not limited by the lifting element. As a result, the extension running along the stroke direction of the receptacle can advantageously be adapted as flexibly as possible to the individual configuration in the interior of the submarine, preferably in the upper deck of the submarine. In particular, the lifting element can be arranged at a first distance from the outer skin of the submarine which is smaller than the extent of the receptacle along the lifting direction. Despite the greater expansion of the receptacle along the lifting direction compared to the distance between the lifting element (to the outer skin), the arrangement according to the invention enables the receptacle and thus a load arranged in and / or on the receptacle to be completely inside the submarine or in the U -Boat upper deck to sink or stow. The arrangement also makes it possible to raise the receptacle to such an extent that the receptacle can still be arranged in the loading position at any point outside of the submarine even if the outer skin of the submarine is curved and thus lifting it out completely means lifting requires the inclusion beyond the outer skin of the submarine. As a result, the curvature of the outer skin of the submarine can essentially be disregarded when selecting the size and position of the lifting device and, for example, the widest possible lifting device can be integrated into the submarine. It is also conceivable that, for example, an unnamed underwater vehicle is arranged in the receptacle and the receptacle is moved automatically into the loading position so that the unnamed underwater vehicle can be used at a target location. Further examples of loads intended to be transported are pressure-resistant storage containers for special units or other special equipment which, due to their size, could not easily be used in a submarine without the receptacle according to the invention. It is also conceivable that the lifting device can be assembled in a modular manner.

Advantageous refinements and developments of the invention can be found in the subclaims and the description with reference to the drawings.

According to the invention it is provided that the lifting element has a working cylinder, a first longitudinal strut, a second longitudinal strut, a lifting support and a Load support comprises, wherein the first longitudinal strut, the second longitudinal strut, the lifting support and the load support form a scissor lift, wherein a distance between the first longitudinal strut and the second longitudinal strut can be determined by means of the working cylinder. In particular, it is provided that the working cylinder comprises a piston, the piston being extended when the lifting device passes from the stowed position to the loading position (and thus the total length of the working cylinder is increased) and is retracted when the lifting device passes from the loading position to the stowed position (and thus the total length of the working cylinder is reduced). The working cylinder is preferably a hydraulic cylinder. The lifting scissors can be used to implement a lifting element which advantageously acts uniformly on the receptacle during the movement. In particular, the receptacle can advantageously be moved evenly, for example without tilting, between the stowed position and the loading position. Furthermore, it is provided that the first longitudinal strut and the second longitudinal strut are arranged directly on top of one another in the stowed position in a direction running parallel to the lifting direction. Preferably, the first longitudinal strut and the second longitudinal strut each have securing elements for fixation, which in the stowed position prevent a relative displacement of the first longitudinal element to the second longitudinal element in a direction perpendicular to the lifting direction. In this way, the lifting device or the load carried in the receptacle can be protected from damage, especially in the event of shock loads and boat movements. The securing elements include components, such as pins or cams, which interact in a form-fitting and / or force-fitting manner along a direction running perpendicular to the lifting direction and thereby restrict the freedom of movement of the receptacle. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the lifting element or the receptacle is fixed in the stowed position by bolts in order to suppress unwanted displacement when the boat is moving.

It is provided that the working cylinder reaches through the first longitudinal strut and / or can be lowered into the stowed position to save space. As a result, an arrangement for the working cylinder that is particularly space-optimized can be implemented. Here, the curvature of the pressure hull is optimally used in terms of space.

According to the invention it is provided that the working cylinder is articulated in a first articulation point on the first longitudinal strut and in a force application point on the lifting support. In particular, it is provided that the working cylinder is pivotable about a first axis running through the first articulation point, the first axis running essentially perpendicular to the general course of the first longitudinal strut and perpendicular to the stroke direction. When the piston extends, a force acts on the Lifting support and can be swiveled. In the sense of the lifting scissors, the distance between the first longitudinal strut and the second longitudinal strut is increased by the interaction of the lifting support with the load support. The working cylinder is preferably integrated pivotably into the first longitudinal strut in such a way that a part protrudes on one side of the longitudinal strut and another part protrudes on another side of the longitudinal strut. In particular, one part of the working cylinder faces the second longitudinal strut and the other part of the working cylinder faces away from the second longitudinal strut.

According to the invention, it is provided that the load support and the lifting support are connected to one another in a scissor pivot point, a lever arm length being determined by the distance between a lifting support pivot point and the force application point, the ratio between the lever arm length and a total length of the lifting support having a value between 0.2 and 0.5 having. In particular, the lifting support is deflected at the lifting support articulation point on the first longitudinal strut. With the aforementioned ratio between lever arm length and total length of the lifting support, a particularly favorable force curve can be implemented in an advantageous manner during the process of picking up from the stowed position into the loading position or from the loading position into the stowed position. As a result, it is possible in an advantageous manner to integrate a working cylinder with a comparatively small diameter and a short piston length in the lifting device, which despite the small diameter and the short piston length ensures a stroke required for the movement of the receptacle. A particularly space-saving lifting device can thus be implemented in an advantageous manner.

In a further embodiment it is provided that the receptacle is arranged in the stowed position inside the submarine, in particular in a submarine upper deck or a light outer ship, and in the loading position outside the submarine. It is also conceivable that the receptacle is arranged in the stowed position in a flooded area of the submarine, in particular the submarine upper deck, and / or outside the pressure hull of the submarine. The receptacle with the lifting device according to the invention can preferably be lowered into the submarine in such a way that streamlining of the submarine is not adversely affected by the transport of the load. Furthermore, the receptacle in the loading position can be provided both for unloading and for loading. Another advantage is that the receptacle is arranged completely outside of the submarine in the loading position, as a result of which the unloading or loading of the receptacle is significantly improved or facilitated.

In a further embodiment it is provided that the receptacle is a frame structure comprises, wherein a load to be transported can be reversibly attached to the frame structure. The load to be transported is preferably screwed to the frame structure. But it is also conceivable that the load to be carried is connected to the frame structure via belts or ropes. The frame structure can have means which are suitable for receiving screws, ropes or other fastening means. For example, the frame structure has eyelets. It is conceivable that the frame structure is individually adapted to the load to be carried. The result is the advantage of a special securing of the carried load in the receptacle, whereby the load can be protected against external forces from slipping or even loosening from the receptacle.

In a further embodiment it is provided that a damping element is arranged between the lifting element and / or the further lifting element and a floor element of the submarine. The cushioned storage of the receptacle inside the submarine further improves the protected storage of the receptacle inside the submarine. The damping elements thus effectively provide a shock protection that protects the receptacle and the load carried therein in the stowed position.

In a further embodiment it is provided that a further damping element is arranged between the frame structure and the outer cladding. With the additional damping element, the receptacle and thus the potentially carried load can be stored in an advantageous manner, particularly protected from the effects of sea hammer or the like, in particular the movement and vibrations of the outer cladding. In particular, the further damping element prevents the movement from being transmitted from the upper deck to the outer cladding of the frame structure, especially in the event of a sea strike. Furthermore, the further damping elements give the second longitudinal strut the necessary freedom of movement in the event of a shock load. The further damping elements thus effectively provide shock protection relative to the outer cladding

In a further embodiment it is provided that the frame structure comprises a U-shaped support element, the U-shaped support element connecting the lifting element and a further lifting element to one another. The U-shaped support element allows the weight to be moved by the lifting element and the further lifting element to be divided essentially in equal parts between the two lifting elements. In addition, the synchronous movement is mechanically supported when moving the recording by the coupling via the U-shaped support element. In particular, it is conceivable that the Frame structure additionally comprises cross struts, which run essentially in a plane perpendicular to the lifting direction. The synchronous movement of the two lifting elements can be further mechanically supported by the cross struts and the stability of the frame structure can be further improved by its stiffening effect.

In a further embodiment it is provided that the further lifting element is essentially identical in construction to the lifting element. As a result, the force required for the extension can advantageously be distributed over several lifting elements.

In a further embodiment it is provided that the lifting support and the load support each comprise a guide element, the guide element of the load support being guided in a first elongated hole in the first longitudinal strut, the guide element of the lifting support being guided in a second elongated hole in the second longitudinal strut is stored. In particular, the length of the elongated holes and the position of the elongated holes in the first longitudinal strut or second longitudinal strut can be used to define a maximum extended position or a maximum retracted position of the receptacle.

In a further embodiment it is provided that the first longitudinal strut and the second longitudinal strut, in the stowed position, at least partially encase or encase the load support and the lifting support. I.e. the components of the lifting element move into one another during the transition from the loading position to the stowed position, which advantageously saves space. For this purpose, it is provided, for example, that the first and the second longitudinal strut are partially designed in the shape of a shell and, in the stowed position, at least partially enclose or encase the load support and the lifting support. It is also provided that the working cylinder reaches through the first longitudinal strut and can be stowed completely between the first longitudinal strut and the second longitudinal strut in the stowed position. It is conceivable that the shell-shaped parts of the first and second longitudinal struts are in contact in the stowed position. As a result, a lifting element that is particularly compact in the stowed position can be implemented in an advantageous manner.

In a further embodiment it is provided that the lifting element and / or the further lifting element are arranged on floor elements, the working cylinder, in particular a drive of the working cylinder, in the loading position at least partially between two floor elements along the parallel to the longitudinal axis of the submarine Direction is arranged. The first longitudinal strut is preferably arranged on the floor elements. As a result, an arrangement for the components of the lifting device that is particularly economical in terms of installation space can be implemented.

In a further embodiment it is provided that an outer cladding is attached to the frame structure and designed such that in the stowed position the outer cladding of the frame structure essentially closes the submarine in the stowed position. In this way, a submarine can be implemented which, in spite of carrying a load, advantageously does not deteriorate its streamlining. It is also conceivable that the outer cladding on the frame structure is configured in such a way that the acoustic properties of the submarine are not impaired by carrying the load.

In a further embodiment it is provided that the lifting direction runs perpendicular to a plane running parallel to an upper deck of the submarine. The receptacle or the load is preferably moved vertically out of the upper deck. Advantageously, no additional installation space is required in front of or behind the receptacle or the load, since a pivoting movement is dispensed with.

In a further embodiment it is provided that a part of a pressure hull of the submarine is arranged between two floor elements along the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. The pressure body is preferably curved or arched between the floor elements, the floor elements being arranged on the pressure body at approximately the same height as one another. In particular, it is provided that the entire lifting device is attached to the pressure body outside the pressure body, the distance between the load and the pressure body in the area of the lifting element being greater on its underside than on its underside in the middle area of the load between the lifting element and the further lifting element. The longitudinal struts of the lifting device are aligned essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the pressure body. This allows the lifting device to be integrated into the submarine, for example within the upper deck, in a space-saving manner.

• -- in der Stauposition entlang einer senkrecht zur Längsachse des U-Boots verlaufenden Richtung zwischen zwei Bodenelementen angeordnet ist,
• -- in der Stauposition entlang der senkrecht zur Längsachse des U-Boots verlaufenden Richtung zwischen dem Hubelement und dem weiteren Hubelement angeordnet ist, und/oder
• -- die zweite Längsstrebe in einem oberen Teil der Last angeordnet ist. Dadurch wird das platzsparende Anordnen der Hubvorrichtung durch die Abstimmung mit der Bauform des U-Boots weiter verbessert.

In a further embodiment it is provided that the load

• - Is arranged in the stowed position along a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the submarine between two floor elements,
• - Is arranged in the stowed position along the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the submarine between the lifting element and the further lifting element, and / or
• - The second longitudinal strut is arranged in an upper part of the load. This will make that Space-saving arrangement of the lifting device further improved by coordinating with the design of the submarine.

Another object of the invention is a submarine with a lifting device according to one of the embodiments described above.

Brief description of the figures

• Figure 1 shows a lifting device for a submarine according to a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention in a representation integrated in the submarine.
• Figure 2 shows the lifting device for the submarine according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention in a representation isolated from the submarine.
• The Figure 3a-3h show the successive process of picking up from the stowed position into the loading position.
• The Figure 4 shows schematically a lifting element for a lifting device according to the present invention.

Embodiments of the invention

In the various figures, the same parts are always provided with the same reference numerals and are therefore usually only named or mentioned once.

• -- die ersten Längsstreben 21 des Hubelements 11 und des weiteren Hubelements 12 eine im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Hubrichtung A verlaufende erste Ebene festlegen und
• -- die zweiten Längsstrebe 21 des ersten Hubelements 11 und des weiteren Hubelements 12 eine im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Hubrichtung A verlaufende zweite Ebene festlegen. Vorzugsweise ist es vorgesehen, dass die Aufnahme 15 in der Ladeposition zwischen der ersten Ebene und der zweiten Ebene und in der Stauposition im Wesentlichen unterhalb der ersten Ebene angeordnet ist. Weiterhin ist es vorgesehen, dass die gedachte erste Ebene in der Stauposition durch die Aufnahme 15, bevorzugt durch die obere Hälfte der Aufnahme 15 und besonders bevorzugt durch das obere Drittel der Aufnahme 15 verläuft (, wobei die obere Hälfte bzw. das obere Drittel der Aufnahme 15 der Teil der Aufnahme 15 ist, der der Außenhülle 59 des U-Boots 10 in der Ladeposition zugewandt ist). Als Resultat einer solchen Anordnung der Aufnahme 15 in der Stauposition wird ein Teil der Aufnahme 15 unterhalb der ersten Längsstreben 21 der Hubelemente angeordnet sein. Gemäß der ersten beispielhalfen Ausführungsform ist die Aufnahme 15 entlang einer Hubrichtung A verfahrbar, die im Wesentlichen senkrecht zum generellen Verlauf eines Oberdeck 9 des U-Boots 10 verläuft. Dadurch kann in vorteilhafter Weise auf zusätzlichen Raum vor oder hinter der Aufnahme 15 verzichtet werden, da keine Schwenkbewegung der Aufnahme 15 nötig ist. Zur weiteren Versteifung der Hubvorrichtung 1 und zur mechanischen Unterstützung der synchronen Bewegung der Hubelemente weist die Hebevorrichtung 1 Querstreben 29 auf, die die zweiten Längsstreben 22 des ersten und des zweiten Hubelements 11 und 12 miteinander verbindet.

In Figure 1 shows a lifting device 1 for a submarine 10 according to a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The selected form of representation shows how the lifting device 1 can be arranged or integrated in a submarine 10. The submarine 10 has an outer shell 59, which has been partially omitted from the illustration for better visibility in the area of the lifting device 1. The lifting device 1 preferably has a lifting element 11 and a further lifting element, essentially identical in construction to the second lifting element, between which a receptacle 15 is arranged. The receptacle 15 can be implemented, for example, by a container 6 in which a load to be carried can be placed and / or by a carrier element to which the load to be carried can be fastened. The receptacle 15 preferably comprises a frame structure with a U-shaped support element 17 which connects the lifting element 11 and the further lifting element 12 to one another. Furthermore, it is provided that the Lifting element 11 or the further lifting element 12 is arranged on one or more foundations or floor elements 5, the foundations or floor elements 5 preferably being rigidly connected to the submarine 10. In particular, it is provided that the lifting elements are supported by evenly distributed foundations or floor elements 5. It is conceivable that the height of the foundation or floor element 5 or the foundations or floor elements 5 defines an installation space that also determines how high the receptacle 15 can be dimensioned in a direction running parallel to a stroke direction A. Furthermore, damping elements 32 or shock elements can be arranged between the foundation or floor element 5 and the lifting elements. The damping elements 32 or shock elements make it possible to protect the load to be transported from possible damage - for example caused by a shock load - in particular to protect the mechanics and when the load to be transported is sensitive to shock. Furthermore, it is provided that the receptacle 15 can be transferred along the lifting direction A from a loading position into a stowed position or from a stowed position into a loading position. In Figure 1 is the receptacle 15 in the loading position in which it is provided to unload or load the transported or to be transported load. For this purpose, the receptacle 15 is arranged outside of the submarine 10. In particular, the receptacle protrudes, preferably completely, from the interior of the submarine 10 in the loading position. Furthermore, it is provided that the lifting element 11 and the further lifting element 12 each have a first longitudinal strut 21 and a second longitudinal strut 22 arranged essentially parallel to the first longitudinal strut 21, the distance between the first and second longitudinal struts 21 and 22 being the position of the Recording 15 along the stroke direction A defines. Furthermore, it is provided that the receptacle 15 is arranged relative to the first longitudinal strut 21 such that the receptacle 15 is arranged below the first longitudinal strut 21 along a direction running parallel to the stroke direction A. It is conceivable that the receptacle 15 is arranged in the stowed position at least partially in a direction running perpendicular to the lifting direction A adjacent to the foundations or floor elements 5. In particular, it is provided that

• - The first longitudinal struts 21 of the lifting element 11 and of the further lifting element 12 define a first plane extending essentially perpendicular to the lifting direction A and
• the second longitudinal strut 21 of the first lifting element 11 and of the further lifting element 12 define a second plane running essentially perpendicular to the lifting direction A. It is preferably provided that the receptacle 15 is arranged in the loading position between the first level and the second level and in the stowed position essentially below the first level. Furthermore, it is provided that the imaginary first plane in the stowed position through the receptacle 15, preferably through the upper half of the receptacle 15 and particularly preferably runs through the upper third of the receptacle 15 (with the upper half or the upper third of the receptacle 15 being the part of the receptacle 15 which faces the outer shell 59 of the submarine 10 in the loading position). As a result of such an arrangement of the receptacle 15 in the stowed position, part of the receptacle 15 will be arranged below the first longitudinal struts 21 of the lifting elements. According to the first exemplary embodiment, the receptacle 15 can be moved along a lifting direction A which runs essentially perpendicular to the general course of an upper deck 9 of the submarine 10. As a result, additional space in front of or behind the receptacle 15 can advantageously be dispensed with, since no pivoting movement of the receptacle 15 is necessary. To further stiffen the lifting device 1 and to mechanically support the synchronous movement of the lifting elements, the lifting device 1 has transverse struts 29 which connect the second longitudinal struts 22 of the first and second lifting elements 11 and 12 to one another.

• -- die Hubstütze 23 vorzugsweise an die erste Längsstrebe 21 in einem Hubstützenanlenkungspunkt 42 und
• -- die Laststütze 24 vorzugsweise an die zweite Längsstrebe 22 in einem Laststützenanlenkungspunkt 43
  angelenkt. Weiterhin verfügt die erste Längsstrebe 21 im Sinne einer Kulissenführung ein erstes Langloch 25 und die zweite Längsstrebe 22 im Sinne einer Kulissenführung ein zweites Langloch 26. Es ist dabei vorgesehen, dass
• -- die Laststütze 24 über ein Führungselement 53, beispielsweise ein Nocken mit Gleitstein, in dem ersten Langloch 25 der ersten Längsstrebe 21 führbar und
• -- die Hubstütze 23 über ein Führungselement 53, beispielsweise ein Nocken mit Gleitstein, in dem zweiten Langloch 26 der zweiten Längsstrebe 22
  führbar gelagert ist. Weiterhin ist es vorgesehen, dass das erste Langloch 25 der ersten Längsstrebe 21 bzw. das zweite Langloch 26 der zweiten Längsstrebe 22 im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Hubrichtung A verläuft. Weiterhin sind die Hubstütze 23 und die Laststütze 24 wie eine Schere in einem Scherendrehpunkt 52 zueinander verschwenkbar gelagert. Durch die Verbindung der Hubstütze 23 mit der ersten Längsstrebe 21 und der zweiten Längsstrebe 22, sowie der Verbindung der Laststütze 22 mit der ersten Längsstrebe 21 und der zweiten Längstrebe 22 wird durch die Ausrichtung der Hubstütze 23 ein Grad der Verschwenkung zwischen Hubstütze 23 und erster Längsstrebe 21 festgelegt, der wiederum den Abstand zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Längsstrebe 21 und 22 bestimmt. Dabei wird ein zur Verschwenkung notwenige zumindest teilweise Bewegungsfreiheit durch das erste und das zweite Langloche 25 und 26 gegeben. Insbesondere ist es vorstellbar, durch die Länge der Langlöcher den maximalen Grad an Verschwenkbarkeit von Hubstütze 23 und Laststütze 24 in Abstimmung mit einer maximalen Ausfahrposition der Aufnahme 15 aus dem U-Boot 10 festzulegen. Zur Ausrichtung der Hubstütze 23 ist ein Arbeitszylinder 30, vorzugsweise ein hydraulischer Zylinder, vorgesehen, der an der ersten Längsstrebe 21 verschwenkbar angeordnet ist. Insbesondere ist der Arbeitszylinder 30 derart an der ersten Längsstrebe 21 angeordnet, dass ein Teil des Arbeitszylinders 30 auf der der zweiten Längsstrebe 22 zugewandten Seite aus der ersten Längsstrebe 21 heraussragt und ein anderer Teil des Arbeitszylinder 30 auf der der zweiten Längsstrebe 22 abgewandten Seite aus der ersten Längsstrebe 21 herausragt. Besonders bevorzugt greift der Arbeitszylinder durch die erste Längsstrebe 21 und ist in dieser in der Stauposition versenkbar. Zur Kraftübertragung ist das eine Ende des Arbeitszylinders 30 an einem Kraftansatzpunkt 51 angelenkt. Insbesondere ist es vorgesehen, dass ist es vorgesehen, dass eine Hebelarmlänge 28 durch den Abstand zwischen einem Hubstützenanlenkungspunkt 42 und dem Kraftansatzpunkt 51 festgelegt ist, wobei das Verhältnis zwischen der Hebelarmlänge 28 und einer Gesamtlänge der Hubstütze 27 einen Wert zwischen 0.2 und 0.5 aufweist. Zur Kraftübertragung verlängert der Arbeitszylinder 30 seine Länge, in dem er einen Kolben ausfährt, und verschwenkt dadurch die Hubstütze 23. Durch die Hubstütze 23 und ihre Verbindung mit der Laststütz 24 ist es dann möglich, die zweite Längsstrebe 22 parallel zur ersten Längsstrebe 21 zu versetzen. Der Abstand zwischen der ersten und zweiten Längsstrebe 21 und 22 wird vergrößert. Vorzugsweise ist es vorgesehen, dass die erste und/oder die zweite Längsstrebe 21 und/oder 22 die Hubstütze 23 und die Laststütze 24 zumindest teilweise ummanteln. Insbesondere ist es vorgesehen, dass die erste und/oder die zweite Längsstrebe 21 und/oder 22 eine Schalenstruktur aufweisen, mit der die erste Längsstrebe 21 und die zweite Längsstrebe 22, insbesondere in der Stauposition der Hebevorrichtung, zumindest teilweise die Hubstütze 23, die Laststütze 24 und/oder den Arbeitszylinder 30 ummanteln bzw. umhüllen. Vorzugsweise liegen die erste Längsstrebe 21 und die zweite Längsstrebe 22 in der Stauposition übereinander und bilden eine kastenartige Struktur, in der der Arbeitszylinder angeordnet ist. Weiterhin ist es vorstellbar, dass die erste Längsstrebe 21 und die zweite Längsstrebe 22 über Sicherungselemente form- und/oder reibschlüssig entlang einer im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Hubrichtung verlaufenden Richtung in der Stauposition zusammenwirken, um ein potenzielles Verschieben der ersten Längstrebe 21 gegenüber der zweiten Längsstrebe 22 zu unterbinden. Dadurch wird die Aufnahme 15 und damit die mittransportierte Last in der Stauposition weiter gesichert.

In Figure 2 the lifting device 1 for the submarine 10 according to the first exemplary embodiment is shown without the submarine 10. Using this representation, the functioning of the lifting element 11 will be discussed in detail. In addition to the first longitudinal strut 21 and the second longitudinal strut 22, the lifting element 11 also includes a lifting support 23 and a load support 24, the first longitudinal strut 21 and the second longitudinal strut 22 being connected to one another via the lifting support 23 and the load support 24. In particular, the first longitudinal strut 21, the second longitudinal strut 22, the lifting support 23 and the load support 24 form a scissor lift. In particular, it is provided that the scissors lift is designed in such a way that the receptacle 15 can be fully retracted in the stowed position. As a result, a comparatively large lifting height can be achieved with a low overall height. It is provided that the distance between the first longitudinal strut 21 and the second longitudinal strut 22 is determined by the alignment of the lifting support and the longitudinal strut 21. Is to

• - The lifting support 23 preferably to the first longitudinal strut 21 in a lifting support articulation point 42 and
• the load support 24 preferably to the second longitudinal strut 22 at a load support articulation point 43
  hinged. Furthermore, the first longitudinal strut 21 has a first elongated hole 25 in the sense of a slotted guide and the second longitudinal strut 22 has a second elongated hole 26 in the sense of a slotted guide. It is provided that
• The load support 24 can be guided in the first elongated hole 25 of the first longitudinal strut 21 and via a guide element 53, for example a cam with a sliding block
• - The lifting support 23 via a guide element 53, for example a cam Slide block, in the second elongated hole 26 of the second longitudinal strut 22
  is feasibly mounted. Furthermore, it is provided that the first elongated hole 25 of the first longitudinal strut 21 or the second elongated hole 26 of the second longitudinal strut 22 runs essentially perpendicular to the stroke direction A. Furthermore, the lifting support 23 and the load support 24 are mounted such as scissors in a scissors pivot point 52 such that they can pivot with respect to one another. By connecting the lifting support 23 to the first longitudinal strut 21 and the second longitudinal strut 22, as well as the connection of the load support 22 with the first longitudinal strut 21 and the second longitudinal strut 22, the alignment of the lifting support 23 results in a degree of pivoting between the lifting support 23 and the first longitudinal strut 21 set, which in turn determines the distance between the first and the second longitudinal strut 21 and 22. At least partial freedom of movement, which is necessary for pivoting, is provided by the first and second elongated holes 25 and 26. In particular, it is conceivable to determine the maximum degree of pivotability of the lifting support 23 and load support 24 in coordination with a maximum extended position of the receptacle 15 from the submarine 10 by means of the length of the elongated holes. To align the lifting support 23, a working cylinder 30, preferably a hydraulic cylinder, is provided, which is arranged pivotably on the first longitudinal strut 21. In particular, the working cylinder 30 is arranged on the first longitudinal strut 21 such that part of the working cylinder 30 protrudes from the first longitudinal strut 21 on the side facing the second longitudinal strut 22 and another part of the working cylinder 30 protrudes from the side facing away from the second longitudinal strut 22 first longitudinal strut 21 protrudes. The working cylinder particularly preferably engages through the first longitudinal strut 21 and can be lowered into the stowed position in this. For power transmission, one end of the working cylinder 30 is articulated at a force application point 51. In particular, it is provided that a lever arm length 28 is determined by the distance between a lifting support articulation point 42 and the force application point 51, the ratio between the lever arm length 28 and a total length of the lifting support 27 having a value between 0.2 and 0.5. To transmit power, the working cylinder 30 extends its length by extending a piston, thereby pivoting the lifting support 23. The lifting support 23 and its connection to the load support 24 then make it possible to move the second longitudinal strut 22 parallel to the first longitudinal strut 21 . The distance between the first and second longitudinal struts 21 and 22 is increased. It is preferably provided that the first and / or the second longitudinal strut 21 and / or 22 at least partially encase the lifting support 23 and the load support 24. In particular, it is provided that the first and / or the second longitudinal strut 21 and / or 22 have a shell structure with which the first longitudinal strut 21 and the second longitudinal strut 22, in particular in the stowed position of the lifting device, at least partially the lifting support 23, the load support 24 and / or the Coating or enveloping the working cylinder 30. The first longitudinal strut 21 and the second longitudinal strut 22 preferably lie one above the other in the stowed position and form a box-like structure in which the working cylinder is arranged. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the first longitudinal strut 21 and the second longitudinal strut 22 interact in the stowed position via securing elements in a form-fitting and / or frictional manner along a direction running essentially perpendicular to the stroke direction in order to potentially shift the first longitudinal strut 21 relative to the second longitudinal strut 22 to prevent. As a result, the receptacle 15 and thus the load carried along are further secured in the stowed position.

In the Figures 3a to 3h a successive movement of the receptacle 15 from the stowed position into the loading position is shown, the receptacle 15 in FIG Figure 3a in the stowed position and in Figure 3h is arranged in the loading position. Outer cladding 60 arranged above the frame structure makes it possible - as shown in FIG Figure 3a is shown - to arrange the receptacle in the interior of the submarine 10 and at the same time to realize a closure of the submarine 10 with an outer cladding 60 that is flush with the outer shell 59 of the submarine 10. In addition, the outer shell 59 can be designed in such a way that the streamlining capability and the acoustic capabilities of the submarine 10 are not impaired despite the transport of a load. In particular, provision is made for the receptacle 15 to be moved continuously and evenly out of the interior of the submarine 10. In the loading position, shown in Figure 3h , the receptacle 15 is arranged completely outside of the upper deck. In such an arrangement, the unloading or loading of the receptacle 15 can be implemented easily and conveniently. It is also conceivable that a vehicle placed in the receptacle 15 for transport can leave the submarine 10 without great effort in such an arrangement.

In Figure 4 shows a lifting element 11 for a lifting device 1 according to the present invention. The Figure 4 point out at which point the force application point 51 is advantageously arranged. The basic features of the lifting element 11 correspond to the lifting element 11 shown in FIG Figure 2 has been described. For the best possible force profile, it is provided that the force application point 51 is arranged between the lifting support articulation point 42 and the scissor pivot point 52. The position of the force application point 51 thereby defines a lever arm length 28 which extends from the lifting support articulation point 42 to the force application point 51. In particular, it is provided that the ratio of the lever arm length 28 to a total length of the lifting support is between 0.2 and 0.5. These geometrical prerequisites result in the most favorable force curves for the lifting element 11, which can be integrated into the submarine 10 in a space-saving manner.

List of reference symbols

1

Lifting device

5

Foundation / floor element

6th

Container

9

Upper deck

10

Submarine

11

Lifting element

12

further lifting element

15th

admission

16

Cross brace

17th

U-shaped support element

21st

first longitudinal strut

22nd

second longitudinal strut

23

Jack

24

Load support

25th

first elongated hole

26th

second elongated hole

27

Total length of the jack

28

Lever arm length

29

Cross brace

30th

Working cylinder

31

further damping element

32

Damping element

41

first point of articulation

42

Jack pivot point

43

Load support pivot point

51

Force application point

52

Scissor pivot

53

Guide element

59

Outer shell

60

Exterior cladding

A.

Stroke direction

Claims (13)

1. A lifting device (1) for a submarine (10), wherein the lifting device (1) comprises a lifting element (11) and a receptacle (15) for providing stowage, wherein the receptacle (15) by means of the lifting element (11) is reversibly displaceable along a lifting direction (A) between a stowage position and a loading position, wherein the receptacle (15) in the stowage position is at least partially disposed along a direction which runs perpendicularly to the lifting direction (A), so as to be adjacent to the lifting element (11), wherein the lifting element (11) comprises an operating cylinder (30), a first longitudinal stay (21), a second longitudinal stay (22), a lifting support (23) and a load support (24), wherein the first longitudinal stay (21), the second longitudinal stay (22), the lifting support (23) and the load support (24) are assembled to form a lifting scissors structure, wherein a spacing between the first longitudinal stay (21) and the second longitudinal stay (22) is capable of being established by means of the operating cylinder (30), wherein the operating cylinder (30) is articulated on the first longitudinal stay (21) and at a force-engaging point (51) on the lifting support (23), wherein the load support (24) and the lifting support (23) are interconnected at a scissors rotation center (52), wherein a lever-arm length (28) is established by the spacing between a lifting-support articulation point (42) and the force-engaging point (51), wherein the ratio of the lever-arm length (28) to a total length (27) of the lifting support (23) has a value between 0.2 and 0.5.
2. The lifting device (1) as claimed claim 1, wherein

   -- the receptacle (15) in the stowage position is disposed inside the submarine (10), and in the loading position is disposed outside the submarine (10), and/or

   -- the lifting device (1) is aligned so as to be substantially parallel with a longitudinal axis of the submarine (10).
3. The lifting device (1) as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein the receptacle (15) comprises a framework, wherein a load to be transported is reversible (capable of being reversibly fastened) to the framework.
4. The lifting device (1) as claimed in claim 3, wherein the framework comprises a U-shaped support element (17), wherein the U-shaped support element (17) interconnects the lifting element (11) and a further lifting element (12), wherein the further lifting element (12) is of substantially identical construction to that of the lifting element (11).
5. The lifting device (1) as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein the lifting support (23) and the load support (24) comprise a guide element (53), wherein the guide element (53) of the load support (24) is mounted so as to be guidable in a first elongate hole (25) in the first longitudinal stay (21), wherein the guide element (53) of the lifting support (23) is mounted so as to be guidable in a second elongate hole (26) in the second longitudinal stay (22).
6. The lifting device (1) as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein the first longitudinal stay (21) and/or the second longitudinal stay (22) in the stowage position at least partially envelope(s) the load support (24) and the lifting support (23).
7. The lifting device (1) as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein a damper element (32) is disposed between in each case a base element (5) of the submarine (10) and the lifting element (11) and the further lifting element (12).
8. The lifting device (1) as claimed in one of claims 3 to 7, wherein external cladding (60) on the framework is attached and designed in such a manner that in the stowage position the external cladding (60) of the framework in the stowage position closes off the submarine (10) in an aerodynamically favorable manner, wherein a further damper element (31) is disposed between the framework and the external cladding (60).
9. The lifting device (1) as claimed in claim 7 or 8, wherein the lifting element (11) and/or the further lifting element (12) are/is disposed on base elements (5), wherein the operating cylinder (30) in the loading position is at least partially disposed between two base elements (5) along the direction running parallel with the longitudinal axis of the submarine (10).
10. The lifting device (1) as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein part of a pressure hull of the submarine (10) is disposed between two base elements (5) along a direction running perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis.
11. The lifting device (1) as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein the load

    -- in the stowage position is disposed between two base elements (5) along a direction running perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the submarine (10);

    -- in the stowage position is disposed between the lifting element (11) and the further lifting element (12) along the direction running perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the submarine (1); and/or

    -- the second longitudinal stay (22) is disposed in an upper part of the load.
12. The lifting device (1) as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein the lifting direction (A) runs perpendicularly to a plane that runs parallel with an upper deck (9) of the submarine (10).
13. A submarine (10) having a lifting device (1) as claimed in one of the preceding claims.

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