Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
  • E01C23/00—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
  • E01C23/16—Devices for marking-out, applying, or forming traffic or like markings on finished paving; Protecting fresh markings
  • E01C23/18—Devices for marking-out, applying, or forming traffic or like markings on finished paving; Protecting fresh markings for applying prefabricated markings
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
  • E01C11/00—Details of pavings
  • E01C11/16—Reinforcements
  • E01C11/18—Reinforcements for cement concrete pavings

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of the first claim.
• the method is used for attaching or attaching elements to surfaces of road construction objects, for example attaching marking or signaling elements on streets or squares, in garages or parking garages or on house or tunnel walls, that is to say on documents, in particular made of asphalt or concrete.
• the invention also relates to a device for carrying out the method and the elements which can be attached with the method according to the preambles of the corresponding patent claims.
• thermoplastic strips and the underlying asphalt surface are melted with a gas flame so that the molten materials combine with each other after cooling.
• Disadvantages of this process are that, on the one hand, a very large volume of covering has to be heated and, on the other hand, the process is very time-consuming due to the long warm-up and cool-down phases.
• the energy requirement high and the melting process is difficult to control and therefore not very suitable for automation. Handling open flames and gas containers is also associated with safety risks and therefore also requires additional manipulation effort.
• solvent-based paints are sprayed onto the desired surface.
• the surface must first be cleaned as thoroughly as possible, and then the marking geometries must be covered or appropriate templates applied. Sprayed-on markings, however, are only applied superficially and usually have a short lifespan due to wear and abrasion.
• solvents, paint particles and others are partially removed. harmful substances released into the environment.
• Prefabricated signaling strips are also glued to the base with adhesives, with all the disadvantages as already described above.
• the object of the invention is to provide a method for the permanent or temporary attachment of elements to surfaces of road construction objects, that is to say to documents which in particular consist of asphalt or concrete.
• the elements mentioned consist at least partially of a material which can be liquefied by mechanical excitation (for example thermoplastic), ie the entire element consists of a material with at least one liquefiable (for example thermoplastic) component) or at least one area of the element to be directed against the base consists of such a material.
• the element is positioned on the surface on which it is to be applied and then pressed at least locally against the base and mechanically excited in such a way that the liquefiable material is at least locally and temporarily liquefied and forms a connection between the base and the element after re-solidification.
• the mechanical excitation can also partially melt the surface onto which the element is pressed.
• the mechanical excitation is usually based on excitation by means of a sonotrode (piezoelectric excitation for higher frequencies, magnetostrictive excitation for lower frequencies).
• the excitation is preferably based on mechanical vibrations with a frequency which is in the range of ultrasound, depending on which is also at lower frequencies. The frequencies are chosen depending on the application. By varying the frequency, it can be determined how much the liquefiable material and possibly surrounding areas (base) are liquefied or heated. The degree of liquefaction and heating is influenced by the amplitude, the frequency and the duration of the excitation. Another important aspect is the way in which the mechanical vibrations are coupled into the element to be attached or into the area to be liquefied. The element can be made part of the vibrating body for this coupling, for example.
• the partial liquefaction and re-solidification advantageously with a simultaneous pressing action, creates a connection between the element and the base.
• the energy used to melt the liquefiable material is introduced in a controlled manner in terms of location and time. Due to this locally and temporally controlled influence of energy, the adjacent areas are not unnecessarily heated.
• the strength of the connection is influenced by the strength of the mechanical energy (pulse, frequency) and / or the duration of the excitation. Depending on the field of application, it is possible to create connections that are very durable or those that can be easily removed again. A longer excitation period or a stronger excitation due to a higher frequency or amplitude ensures that a stronger connection results, for example by liquefying more material.
• the method according to the invention is suitable for a very wide variety of uses in the areas of road traffic, for example in road construction, in signaling construction, when attaching joint seals and so on. It is suitable, inter alia, for attaching signaling strips or signaling images, which are used, for example, in the form of appropriately punched foils and, for example, are attached to street surfaces or to tunnel walls, for example center or edge strips, arrows or writings.
• the method according to the invention is also suitable for attaching signaling elements which should functionally protrude over a surface to which they are attached.
• signaling elements are understood to mean, for example, elements which are attached in the region of a center line or an edge line of a road and which, when driving over, indicate to a driver by vibrations that they are being crossed. If necessary, these elements can be designed to be reflective, so that they are improved especially in low light. are recognizable. In the case of highways in particular, these elements can be designed such that they have direction-differentiating properties. This means, for example, an embodiment that reflects white in the direction of travel and red in the opposite direction. This indicates to a wrong-way driver his mistake. Other configurations are also possible.
• the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for fastening elements which are fabric-like or are based on a film material. These are, for example, center or side lines on streets, pedestrian strips, stop lines, direction indicators (arrows), etc.
• the elements can be quasi endless (continuous lines) or limited.
• the film material of such elements advantageously has a flat or mesh-like carrier film which is provided, for example, with a coating which can be liquefied by mechanical excitation. This mechanically liquefiable coating is designed flat on the side to be directed against the base or has protruding elements which serve as energy direction indicators and lead to a concentration of the mechanically stimulating energy in such a way that an increased melting takes place locally.
• the side of the elements to be attached which is to be directed against the base, can also be coated with a liquefiable material only in certain areas, or three-dimensional areas made of the liquefiable material can be provided thereon instead of the coating, for example pins, rings or others, for example regularly via the distributed surface of the element to be connected to the base.
• the position of such three-dimensional connection forms are advantageously marked accordingly on the opposite side from which the mechanical vibrations are coupled in, so that the mechanical energy can be selectively introduced at the correct points.
• Another area of application of the method according to the invention is the attachment of reinforcements to surfaces of building objects in the road traffic area.
• the reinforcement tapes described above are pressed onto the surface of the building object to be reinforced, prestressed depending on the location, and connected to the surface by mechanical excitation. Since the connection can be established in a very short time, a non-linear pre-tension can be realized, which guarantees optimal results.
• the compounds that can be produced by the method according to the invention can be permanent or only temporary. Temporary is understood to mean, for example, connections that should only exist for a foreseeable period of time. In the area of construction sites in particular, where it is necessary to divert traffic for a certain period of time, appropriate connections are sensible, which can be easily established and released again. In the area of construction sites, it is particularly useful to make temporary markings that have a film, for example in the form of an endless band, as the basic structure and that have a coating that is mechanically excited with the road surface. surface can be connected. With a suitable device, endless or limited signaling elements can thus be attached very easily in a continuous process.
• the same device can be used in a reverse manner, namely for re-liquefying, filling and removing.
• the connections can also be designed so that the tapes can be detached again without special aids.
• a pretreatment to dry the substrate can be done by preheating, whereby, for example, a hot roller is more suitable than open gas flames. In certain cases, pre-treatment (drying, priming) is not necessary.
• the method can be used for different element thicknesses and element geometries. In contrast to today's melting methods, the material thickness can be minimized. Preheating can reduce the time required for mechanical excitation and improve adhesion.
• Compounds which are produced by means of the invention disclosed here are distinguished by good adhesion to a wide variety of porous substrates. They show good resistance to specific influences such as weather, abrasion, etc.
• the surface structure can be shaped directly by the application tool or by a subsequent tool. This surface structure can take on additional functions. This can consist, for example, in that the driver perceives a noise when driving over, which is caused by the contact between the rotating tire and the surface structure of the signaling element, so that the driver is shown that he is crossing the marking.
• the device for attaching the elements does not carry any liquid, volatile and flammable substances, which significantly increases occupational safety.
• Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a device for attaching
• Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of a device for attaching
• Fig. 3 shows a third embodiment of an apparatus for attaching
• Figs. 5 to 8 further exemplary elements which can be attached to the surfaces of road construction objects using the method according to the invention.
• FIG. 1 shows, in a highly simplified manner, the essential elements of a first embodiment of a fastening device 1 for attaching an element 2, for example a marking element (interrupted marking strip) on a road surface, for example made of asphalt or concrete.
• the element 2 to be applied is strip-shaped and is separated from a tape, the tape being rolled up on a supply reel 3.
• the element 2 consists, for example, of a carrier material coated at least on one side, for example a film made of plastic or metal, which is coated with a material that can be melted by mechanical excitation.
• This fusible material is, for example, thermoplastic (for example polypropylene).
• the element 2 can also consist entirely of the meltable material.
• the tape for the element 2 is unwound from the supply roll 3 and pressed by a first roller 4 onto the surface (eg road surface) on which the element 2 is to adhere.
• the working direction is shown here schematically by an arrow X.
• the converter 7, which is used to convert electrical to mechanical vibrations, is driven by a generator 9.
• the converter usually contains piezo elements that convert electrical vibrations, which are typically above 20 kHz, into corresponding mechanical vibrations.
• the converter's work area is selected to suit the application.
• the frequencies are usually in the range between 2 kHz and 400 kHz.
• the amplifier 8 functions as a mechanical amplifier by transforming vibrations due to its design, concentrating and transferring them to the sonotrode 6.
• the elements of the oscillation unit 10 are generally optimized for an area of application or a frequency and preferably oscillate in resonance.
• the vibrating unit 10 causes the element 2 and possibly the surface on which the element 2 is to be applied to vibrate. The resulting internal and external friction ensures that the element 2 is melted at least in some areas and, if necessary, also the substrate. A high degree of plasticization is achieved due to the high shear effect.
• the fastening device 1 serves to fasten the element 2 in a continuous or discontinuous process.
• a cutting device 11 is arranged behind the second roller 5. This serves to separate the element 2 when the marking strip to be applied is not continuous, as shown.
• this case is shown schematically in that a first element 2 of a marking strip is shown behind the fastening device.
• a detachment device 12 can be seen, which is used for the expedient detachment of an element 2 from a substrate after it has been partially liquefied by the vibration units.
• the shape of the sonotrode 6 and the other elements of the vibration unit determine the type of the vibrations and their coupling into the element 2 to be fastened. Elongated or cylindrical shapes are preferred which extend over the entire width of the element and extend towards the bottom, i.e. taper towards element 2 to be processed.
• FIG 2 shows a further embodiment of a fastening device 1 for attaching an element 2 on a substrate.
• the fastening device 1 here has two rollers 13 at the bottom and two rollers 14 at the top, which serve to deflect a link chain 15.
• the link chain 15 has an embossed structure 16 on its outer surface, which serves to impress a surface structure 17 into the element 2.
• a sonotrode 6 is arranged here between the two rollers 13 located below and serves to indirectly excite the electrode. mentes 2 over the link chain 15.
• the element 2 is arranged between the link chain 15 and the substrate during processing.
• the material for the element 2 is stored on a supply roll 3 and is drawn off from it during processing.
• a cutting device 11 is used to separate an element 2 from the material of the supply roll. This can be arranged in front of or behind the link chain 15.
• the fastening device 1 is preferably self-propelled or can be used as part of another machine. It has a corresponding design for processing differently shaped elements 2.
• FIG 3 shows a further embodiment of a fastening device 1 for attaching elements 2 on a surface.
• the fastening device 1 has a vibrating device 10 with a rotating sonotrode 6.
• the sonotrode 6 is designed here as a sonotrode roller, which is excited by a converter 7 to preferably radial vibrations. The vibrations are transferred to the element 2 and cause it to be plasticized in some areas.
• a roller 4, 5 is arranged in the working direction (x direction) in front of and behind the sonotrode roller 6, . These are used for pressing and pressing the element 2 onto and into the surface of the substrate.
• the rollers 4, 5 serve as guides and as support rollers.
• FIG. 4 shows a schematic section along the axis of the sonotrode roller 6 according to FIG. 3.
• the sonotrode roller 6 consists of a row of disks 18 which are connected to one another centrally via thin points 19.
• the vibrations of the converter 7 are preferably introduced perpendicular to the axis A of the sonotrode roller.
• the invention can be seen as follows: An environmentally friendly and safe working method for attaching or attaching elements to surfaces of building objects in the area of road traffic, which consists in pressing the element to be attached on the surface to which it is to be attached and by to liquefy local mechanical excitation during an excitation time, so that the element on the side facing the surface and possibly also the surface onto which the element is pressed is locally melted in such a way that the element is fastened to the base after cooling.
• a mobile device for attaching a marking strip to, for example, a street surface consists of a device which can be moved over rollers or rollers 4, 5 and has at least one oscillating unit 10 comprising a sonotrode 6, converter 7 and amplifier 8 and a generator 9
• marking strips attached to the road surface can have a profile which generates acoustic or various optical signals, such as, for example, white reflection in one direction and red reflection in the other direction.
• FIGS. 5 to 8 show further elements 2 which can be attached to the surfaces of road construction objects by the method according to the invention.
• These are discrete elements that cannot be handled by a supply spool. However, they can be added, for example, in a known manner at predetermined time intervals under the vibrating tool to a fastening device moving at a constant speed, for example along a street so that they are placed on the street surface at constant distances from each other.
• the elements can also be attached individually using a hand-held device known from ultrasonic welding or a similar device.
• FIG. 5 shows a flat element 2, which is shown as a rectangle, but which can have any shape.
• the element On that side which is to be directed against the surface on which the element is to be attached, the element has knobs 20 along the edge. At least these knobs consist of the liquefiable material, possibly the entire edge area or the knob side of the edge area.
• the element 2 according to FIG. 6 is disk-shaped and has, for example, a reflector in the middle of its side facing outwards. On its side to be directed against the surface on which the element is to be attached, the element 2 has a fastening ring 21. In the area of this ring 21, the element is excited from the outside, as illustrated by the arrows, and pressed against the surface, for example with a corresponding tubular sonotrode.
• the fastening ring 21 can also be formed by a row of pins or knobs arranged along the edge of the element 1. At least the fastening ring 21, or pins or knobs serving the same purpose, possibly the entire element 2, consist of a material that can be liquefied by mechanical excitation.
• FIG. 7 shows a disk-like element similar to that of FIG. 6.
• an electronic module 25 with antenna 26 is arranged, as is the case for traffic control systems be used.
• fastening the element by means of fastening ring 21, a hermetically sealed space is created for the electronic module.
• the element 2 according to FIG. 7 can also have a shape other than disk-shaped.
• FIG. 8 shows another element with an integrated electronic module 25 with antenna 26. These are positioned between two element parts 2.1 and 2.2, these two element parts being connected to one another, for example, together with the fastening of the entire element.
• the element part 2.2 directed against the fastening side of the element consists at least partially of the liquefiable material.
• the two element parts 2.1 and 2.2 can also be previously connected to one another, for example with adhesive, and only then attached to the surface provided for this purpose. It is also possible to integrate the electronic module by casting in the element during the manufacture of the element 2.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
• Road Repair (AREA)
• Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=4568664

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

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• 2002
  • 2002-12-23 WO PCT/CH2002/000721 patent/WO2003056104A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2002-12-23 US US10/499,901 patent/US20050053426A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2002-12-23 ES ES02782630T patent/ES2381537T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2002-12-23 AT AT02782630T patent/ATE543953T1/de active
  • 2002-12-23 AU AU2002347128A patent/AU2002347128A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2002-12-23 EP EP02782630A patent/EP1458934B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2006
  • 2006-02-15 US US11/354,557 patent/US7455475B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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