EP1452613B1 - Alliage de cuivre sans plomb et son utilisation - Google Patents

Alliage de cuivre sans plomb et son utilisation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1452613B1
EP1452613B1 EP04002009A EP04002009A EP1452613B1 EP 1452613 B1 EP1452613 B1 EP 1452613B1 EP 04002009 A EP04002009 A EP 04002009A EP 04002009 A EP04002009 A EP 04002009A EP 1452613 B1 EP1452613 B1 EP 1452613B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
copper alloy
alloy according
alloy
components
optionally
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04002009A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1452613A2 (fr
EP1452613A3 (fr
Inventor
Uwe Dr. Hofmann
Wolfgang Dannenmann
Andreas Dr. Bögel
Monika Dr. Breu
Günter Schmid
Joerg Dr. Seeger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wieland Werke AG
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Wieland Werke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wieland Werke AG filed Critical Wieland Werke AG
Publication of EP1452613A2 publication Critical patent/EP1452613A2/fr
Publication of EP1452613A3 publication Critical patent/EP1452613A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1452613B1 publication Critical patent/EP1452613B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/04—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/10—Alloys based on copper with silicon as the next major constituent

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a copper alloy based on Cu-Zn-Si and their use.
  • Brass is used in various areas of mechanical engineering, electrical engineering and sanitary engineering.
  • Pb-containing brasses are used as contact materials, as stationary contacts or fixed contacts, which include, for example, clamp and plug connections or plug contacts.
  • stationary contacts or fixed contacts which include, for example, clamp and plug connections or plug contacts.
  • clamp and plug connections or plug contacts When choosing materials, the emphasis is on easy processing.
  • the corresponding assemblies can be machined from Pb-containing chipping brasses with high productivity.
  • Pb-containing brass also produces components or containers for the transport or storage of liquids.
  • An important area is sanitary engineering. Especially here is a Metall isolatekeit particularly problematic. The materials used should therefore be less susceptible to any type of corrosion.
  • the production of components for the transport or storage of liquids is usually done by machining. Often a hot forming by die forging is preceded.
  • Such lead-containing brass alloys are for example from the document DE 43 18 377 C2 Known as kneading or casting alloy application in the optical industry, the jewelry industry and in the field of drinking water and sanitary installation. Also, this alloy receives its good machinability via an admixture of a significant amount of lead.
  • the invention has for its object to further improve a lead-free copper alloy in terms of their properties and to indicate their use.
  • the object is achieved by a copper alloy based on copper, zinc and silicon, consisting of: 70 to 83% Cu, 1 to 5% Si and the other matrix-active elements: 0.01 to 2% Sn, 0.01 to 0, 3% Fe and / or Co, 0.01 to 0.3% Ni, 0.01 to 0.3% Mn, balance Zn and unavoidable impurities.
  • the copper alloy contains up to 0.1% P and optionally in each case to 0.5% Ag, Al, As, Sb, Mg, Ti, Zr.
  • the copper alloy is designed as a Si-containing CuZn alloy (special brass) without toxic additives. Naturally, the requirements for health and ecological compatibility are fulfilled.
  • the Cu content of the alloy according to the invention is between 70 and 83%. Cu contents below 70% would lead to embrittlement, which would be reflected in a significantly low breaking elongation or notched impact strength. This would, for example, disadvantages in the chipless shaping arise. If the Cu content exceeds 83%, uninterrupted cutting would produce long, bulky chips.
  • Mn below 0.01% would not be advantageous, since then the beta phase would be present in too small proportions. Mn above 0.3% would impair moldability and resistance to stress corrosion cracking.
  • Ni below 0.01% would not be sufficient to stabilize the copper mixed crystal sufficiently, in addition, the beneficial effect on the resistance to surface corrosion attack would be omitted. Ni above 0.3% would lead to greater solidification during cold forming and would therefore not be advantageous.
  • Fe or Co is necessary to control the size of the alpha phase. Below 0.01%, the effect would not be sufficient. Above 0.3%, there is a risk of coarse precipitation also with Si. These would be detrimental to cold forming.
  • Characteristic of the new material is that its impact strength at room temperature, determined according to EN 10045, can be classified between that of Pb-containing and Pb-free brass, while at temperatures above 600 ° C it reaches the level of Pb-free brass.
  • P is included to favorably influence the formation of the initial cast structure and the corrosion properties.
  • Phosphorus increases the flowability of the melt and has a favorable effect on the susceptibility of stress corrosion cracking.
  • aluminum can be alloyed to allow the formation of tarnish layers. This is particularly advantageous for decorative purposes. Especially at a level of 0.003%, this effect is significant. Levels above 0.5% would no longer be beneficial because of promoting beta-phase formation.
  • Semi-finished product made of the material according to the invention is preferably produced by conventional continuous casting, extrusion molding at temperatures between 600 ° C. and 750 ° C. and cold working, for example by drawing.
  • the composition proves to be easily manufacturable and surprisingly constant in properties.
  • ternary alloys Cu-Zn-Si which are usually treated in the literature. They lack the favorable properties in continuous casting and a stable, less dependent on fluctuations in the operating parameters, for example during extrusion, structure formation. This applies both to the uniform course of the technological parameters in the finished product itself, as well as unchanged properties between different processed batches. It can be seen that the fluctuation range of manufactured round bars in their properties depends to a first approximation on the content of the matrix-active elements.
  • the content in total of the matrix-active elements which are at least partially soluble in the matrix is Sn, Fe, Co, Ni and Mn alone or in combination with the selection elements P, Ag, Al, As, Mg , Sb, Ti and Zr apparently crucial for the robust, against fluctuating operating parameters insensitive production in semi-finished products.
  • the copper alloy consists of 73 to 83% Cu and 2.5 to 4% Si, balance Zn and unavoidable impurities.
  • the copper alloy consists of 73 to 78% Cu and 3 to 3.5% Si, balance Zn and unavoidable impurities.
  • the copper alloy consists of 70 to 81% Cu and 1.5 to 2% Si, balance Zn and unavoidable impurities.
  • the copper alloy consists of 73 to 83% Cu and 2 to 2.5% Si, balance Zn and unavoidable impurities.
  • phosphorus may be included to favorably influence, in particular, the formation of the initial cast structure and the corrosion properties.
  • these alloy compositions with a proportion of 0.02 to 0.05% P, the expectations placed on the material are fulfilled in a special way.
  • the scattering is already significantly reduced and, in many standard processes, in one particularly preferred embodiment it has one Total content between 0.7 to 1% of their optimum.
  • the copper alloy is used for contacts, pins or fasteners in electrical engineering, such as dormant contacts or fixed contacts, which also include terminals and connectors or plug contacts.
  • the alloy has a high corrosion resistance to fluid and gaseous media. In addition, it is extremely resistant to dezincification and stress corrosion cracking. As a result, the alloy is advantageously suitable for use in containers for the transport or storage of liquids or gases, in particular for containers in refrigeration or for pipes, water fittings, faucet extensions, pipe connectors and valves in sanitary engineering.
  • the low corrosion rates also ensure that the metal permeability, i. the property by the action of liquid or gaseous media to carry out alloying shares, in itself is low.
  • the material is suitable for applications requiring low pollutant immission to protect the environment.
  • the insensitivity to stress corrosion cracking recommends the alloy for use in screwed or clamped connections in which technical reasons large elastic energies are stored.
  • the use of the alloy is particularly advantageous for all tensile and / or torsional stressed components, in particular for screws and nuts.
  • the material according to the invention reaches higher values for the yield strength than Pb-containing CuZn alloys.
  • the yield ratio R p0.2 / R m is smaller for the CuZnSi alloy than for automatic brass. Screw connections that are tightened only once and deliberately overstretched, thus achieve particularly high holding forces. Due to the higher strength level, miniaturization saves at least 10% of weight.
  • the advantages achieved by the invention are in particular that it has a good machinability, good moldability in conjunction with high corrosion resistance. In this case, especially the resistance to dezincification and stress corrosion cracking is particularly pronounced.
  • the alloy according to the invention proves to be particularly advantageous in its suitability for mass production in the semifinished product with respect to a robust production, ie insensitive to fluctuating operating parameters.
  • FIG. 1 shows the relationship between the standard deviation of the product properties and the content of matrix-active elements without majority components.
  • the curve shows the expected trend for the standard deviation without consideration of further effects.
  • the following table shows examples of some performance characteristics of the Si-containing special brass compared to semifinished products made of CuZn37 and CuZn39Pb3, which was produced in a comparable way.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)
  • Domestic Plumbing Installations (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Alliage de cuivre (base Cu-Zn-Si), composé de (en % en poids) :
    70 à 83 % de Cu,
    1 à 5 % de Si et des autres éléments actifs dans la phase continue :
    0,01 à 2 % de Sn,
    0,01 à 0,3 % de Fe et/ou de Co,
    0,01 à 0,3 % de Ni,
    0,01 à 0,3 % de Mn, et
    facultativement également jusqu'à 0,1 % de P
    facultativement également jusqu'à 0,5 % de chacun des éléments Ag, Al, As, Mg, Sb, Ti, Zr,
    le reste étant du Zn et des impuretés inévitables.
  2. Alliage de cuivre selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par
    73 à 83 % de Cu et
    2,5 à 4 % de Si.
  3. Alliage de cuivre selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par
    73 à 78 % de Cu et
    3 à 3,5 % de Si.
  4. Alliage de cuivre selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par
    70à81 %deCuet
    1,5 à 2 % de Si.
  5. Alliage de cuivre selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par
    73 à 83 % de Cu et
    2 à 2,5 % de Si.
  6. Alliage de cuivre selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient 0,02 à 0,05 % de P.
  7. Alliage de cuivre selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la teneur totale des autres éléments actifs dans la phase continue, y compris les éléments ajoutés facultativement, équivaut à une teneur totale de 0,5 à 3%, de préférence de 0,7 à 1%.
  8. Utilisation d'un alliage de cuivre selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 7 pour des contacts, des broches ou des éléments de fixation dans le domaine de l'électrotechnique.
  9. Utilisation d'un alliage de cuivre selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 7 pour des récipients de transport ou de stockage de liquides ou de gaz, en particulier pour des récipients dans la technique du froid ou pour des tuyaux, de la robinetterie pour l'eau, des prolongateurs de robinets, des raccords de tuyaux et des vannes dans le domaine du sanitaire.
  10. Utilisation d'un alliage de cuivre selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 7 pour des composants sollicités en traction et/ou en torsion, en particulier pour des vis et des écrous.
  11. Utilisation d'un alliage de cuivre selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 7 pour des composants recyclables à faible émission de substances nocives afin de protéger l'environnement.
  12. Utilisation d'un alliage de cuivre selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 7 pour des pièces matricées.
  13. Utilisation d'un alliage de cuivre selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 7 pour fabriquer des bandes, des tôles et des plaques faciles à fraiser ou à poinçonner, en particulier pour des clés, des gravures, à des fins décoratives ou pour des applications de grillages estampés.
  14. Utilisation d'un alliage de cuivre selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 7 comme alliage de corroyage, de laminage ou de fonderie.
EP04002009A 2003-02-28 2004-01-30 Alliage de cuivre sans plomb et son utilisation Expired - Lifetime EP1452613B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10308778 2003-02-28
DE10308778A DE10308778B3 (de) 2003-02-28 2003-02-28 Bleifreie Kupferlegierung und deren Verwendung

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1452613A2 EP1452613A2 (fr) 2004-09-01
EP1452613A3 EP1452613A3 (fr) 2004-09-22
EP1452613B1 true EP1452613B1 (fr) 2007-12-05

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EP04002009A Expired - Lifetime EP1452613B1 (fr) 2003-02-28 2004-01-30 Alliage de cuivre sans plomb et son utilisation

Country Status (9)

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US (1) US7354489B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1452613B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4537728B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN100430498C (fr)
AT (1) ATE380258T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2004200784B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2458723C (fr)
DE (2) DE10308778B3 (fr)
DK (1) DK1452613T3 (fr)

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Publication number Publication date
AU2004200784A1 (en) 2004-09-16
CA2458723C (fr) 2009-10-06
DK1452613T3 (da) 2008-04-14
JP4537728B2 (ja) 2010-09-08
DE502004005634D1 (de) 2008-01-17
US20040234411A1 (en) 2004-11-25
CN100430498C (zh) 2008-11-05
DE10308778B3 (de) 2004-08-12
US7354489B2 (en) 2008-04-08
ATE380258T1 (de) 2007-12-15
EP1452613A2 (fr) 2004-09-01
EP1452613A3 (fr) 2004-09-22
CN1524970A (zh) 2004-09-01
AU2004200784B2 (en) 2009-08-20
CA2458723A1 (fr) 2004-08-28
JP2004263301A (ja) 2004-09-24

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