EP1419314B1 - Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für brennkraftmaschinen und ein verfahren zur herstellung desselben - Google Patents

Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für brennkraftmaschinen und ein verfahren zur herstellung desselben Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1419314B1
EP1419314B1 EP02748600A EP02748600A EP1419314B1 EP 1419314 B1 EP1419314 B1 EP 1419314B1 EP 02748600 A EP02748600 A EP 02748600A EP 02748600 A EP02748600 A EP 02748600A EP 1419314 B1 EP1419314 B1 EP 1419314B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
fuel injection
valve body
internal combustion
steel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02748600A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1419314A1 (de
Inventor
Dieter Liedtke
Alfred Hoch
Franz Wolf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1419314A1 publication Critical patent/EP1419314A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1419314B1 publication Critical patent/EP1419314B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/168—Assembling; Disassembling; Manufacturing; Adjusting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/20—Carburising
    • C23C8/22—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/166—Selection of particular materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/90—Selection of particular materials
    • F02M2200/9053—Metals
    • F02M2200/9061—Special treatments for modifying the properties of metals used for fuel injection apparatus, e.g. modifying mechanical or electromagnetic properties

Definitions

  • the temperature load of the fuel injection valves and thus of the needle seat in the valve body will increase further by increasing the performance or increasing the braking power, especially in commercial vehicles.
  • the case-hardening steels used hitherto and the hardening methods used for them are no longer sufficient for these applications.
  • the fuel injection valve according to the invention for internal combustion engines according to the preamble of claim 1 has the advantage over that the valve body is up to high temperatures form and wear resistant and is suitable for use at all operating points of an internal combustion engine.
  • the valve body of the fuel injection valve is made of a high-alloy hot work steel which has been hardened by a carburizing process. By combining the high-alloyed hot-work steel with a suitable carburizing process, the advantages of material and hardening process add up positively.
  • the hot-working steel is up to a temperature of 450 ° C form and wear resistant.
  • the fuel injection valve is suitable for use at all possible operating points of the internal combustion engine.
  • the high-alloy hot-work tool consists at least approximately of 0.4% carbon, 5% chromium, 1% molybdenum and other metallic and non-metallic elements in traces of less than 1% in total, with the 100% missing iron is.
  • Such steels, such as X 40 CrMo V 51, are commercially available and can be used without further effort.
  • the carburization process is a gas carburization process.
  • the inventive method for producing a valve body which is part of a fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines, has the advantage that the valve body by the treatment for use in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine has the necessary heat resistance.
  • the valve body is carburized in a gas atmosphere containing a hydrocarbon and then heat treated at a temperature of about 900 ° C in a vacuum, but at most at a pressure of 100 Pa.
  • the carburizing will take place at a pressure of less than 100 kPa.
  • this underpressure carburizing process provides a reduction in the formation of edge oxidations which reduce strength.
  • a fuel injection valve is shown in longitudinal section as an example of a hardened valve body.
  • the fuel injection valve shown in Figure 1 has a valve body 1, in which in a bore 3, a valve needle 5 is arranged longitudinally displaceable.
  • a substantially conical valve seat 9 is formed, in which at least one injection port 11 is formed, which connects the bore 3 with the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • the valve needle 5 has a guide portion 15, with which it is sealingly guided in a leading portion 23 of the bore 3.
  • the valve needle 5 tapers to form a pressure shoulder 13 and merges into a reduced diameter shaft portion 17.
  • a substantially conical valve sealing surface 7 is formed on the valve needle 5, which cooperates with the valve seat 9 and so when it rests against the valve seat 9 which closes at least one injection opening 11 with respect to the bore 3.
  • a pressure chamber 19 is formed by a radial extension of the bore 3, which can be filled via an inlet channel 25 with fuel under high pressure.
  • the pressure chamber 19 continues to the valve seat 9 as an annular channel 21, which surrounds the shaft portion 17 of the valve needle 3. In this way, the fuel flows from the inlet channel 25 through the pressure chamber 19 and the annular channel 21 to the valve seat 9 and, if the valve sealing surface 7 is lifted from the valve seat 9, through the injection openings 11 into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • the valve needle 5 is controlled by the ratio of the hydraulic forces on the pressure shoulder 13 and the valve sealing surface 7 on the one hand and a closing force on the other hand, which acts on the combustion chamber facing away from the end of the valve needle 5 and the valve needle 5 acts in the direction of the valve seat 9.
  • One possible operating state of the fuel injection valve is that the closing force on the valve needle 5 remains constant, while the fuel pressure in the pressure chamber 19 and in the annular channel 21 changes from the inlet channel 25 due to the supply of fuel. Due to the fuel pressure in the pressure chamber 19 and in the region of the valve seat 9, the valve needle 5 experiences a hydraulic force, which is directed away from the valve seat 9.
  • this hydraulic force is greater than the closing force on the valve needle 5, then it moves away from the valve seat 9 and thus lifts off from the valve seat 9 with the valve sealing surface 7. If the pressure in the pressure chamber 19 drops below a certain threshold pressure, then the closing force on the valve needle 5 predominates and it moves again in the direction of the valve seat 9 until the valve sealing surface 7 closes the at least one injection opening 11 again.
  • valve body 1 Due to the longitudinal movement of the valve needle 5 and the relatively hard placement of the valve needle 5 on the valve seat 9 results in the region of the valve 9 high forces on the valve body 1. In addition, results from the longitudinal movement of the valve needle 5 in the leading portion 23 of the bore 3 friction losses between the valve needle 5 and the wall of the bore 3, which can lead to an inadmissibly high wear in a soft material of the valve body 1.
  • a so-called hot-work steel which belongs to the tool steels. Particularly advantageous is the use of high-alloy hot-work steels has proven, such as the steel X 40 CrMoV 51.
  • This high-alloyed hot-work tool steel can be exposed to working temperatures of up to 450 ° C without losing its hardness and wear resistance.
  • the surface of the valve body 1 must be additionally hardened.
  • carbon is introduced into the near-surface layers of the valve body 1 in a so-called carburizing process, as a result of which the surface becomes curable.
  • carburizing process is the gas carburizing process in which the steel is exposed to an atmosphere of hydrocarbons and chemically inert gases such as nitrogen (N 2 ) at a temperature of 900 ° C to 1000 ° C. The carbon diffuses into the near-surface layers of the valve body 1, so that there increases the carbon content.
  • the hardening depths are 0.3 to 4 mm.
  • carburizing the material becomes curable, which is carried out by a subsequent heating in a vacuum oven.
  • the workpiece in this case the valve body 1, heated to about 800 ° C, wherein in the curing oven is largely vacuum, in any case, a pressure of less than 100 Pa.
  • the advantage of this method of hardening the valve body 1 is the combination of a high-alloyed hot-work steel with a gas carburizing process which operates under reduced pressure, that is to say at a pressure of less than 100 kPa.
  • the advantages of the hot-work steel add up to those of the carburizing and hardening process.
  • a reduction in the number of cuts in the subsequent grinding work on the functional geometries is obtained since the injection opening 11 is reworked by hydroerosive grinding.
  • Another advantage is the reduction of the necessary initial hardness of the fuel injection valve and thus an improved workability after the heat treatment of the valve body 1.
  • One also obtains a reduction of the cavitation sensitivity of the surfaces especially in Zulaufbohrungs- and needle seat portion of the valve body. 1

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
EP02748600A 2001-08-11 2002-06-19 Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für brennkraftmaschinen und ein verfahren zur herstellung desselben Expired - Lifetime EP1419314B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10139620 2001-08-11
DE10139620A DE10139620A1 (de) 2001-08-11 2001-08-11 Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen und ein Verfahren zur Härtung desselben
PCT/DE2002/002239 WO2003016708A1 (de) 2001-08-11 2002-06-19 Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für brennkraftmaschinen und ein verfahren zur härtung desselben

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1419314A1 EP1419314A1 (de) 2004-05-19
EP1419314B1 true EP1419314B1 (de) 2007-06-06

Family

ID=7695228

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02748600A Expired - Lifetime EP1419314B1 (de) 2001-08-11 2002-06-19 Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für brennkraftmaschinen und ein verfahren zur herstellung desselben

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US7419553B2 (ja)
EP (1) EP1419314B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP2004538423A (ja)
CN (1) CN100365268C (ja)
BR (1) BR0205866B1 (ja)
DE (2) DE10139620A1 (ja)
WO (1) WO2003016708A1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004039926B4 (de) * 2004-08-18 2016-09-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines temperatur- und korrosionsbeständigen Kraftstoffinjektorkörpers
GB0602742D0 (en) * 2005-06-06 2006-03-22 Delphi Tech Inc Machining method
JP4948295B2 (ja) * 2007-07-06 2012-06-06 愛三工業株式会社 燃料噴射弁
DE102012221607A1 (de) * 2012-11-27 2014-05-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Metallischer Werkstoff
US20160348629A1 (en) * 2015-05-29 2016-12-01 Cummins Inc. Fuel injector
DE102016203261A1 (de) * 2016-02-29 2017-08-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Bohrung, Bauteil und Kraftstoffinjektor
CN112222764B (zh) * 2020-08-31 2021-09-28 中国航发南方工业有限公司 燃油喷嘴的加工方法、燃油喷嘴
KR102526865B1 (ko) * 2023-02-15 2023-04-28 (주)하트만 디젤 엔진용 연료분사노즐의 제조 방법
KR102526867B1 (ko) * 2023-02-15 2023-04-28 (주)하트만 디젤 엔진용 연료분사노즐의 제조 방법

Family Cites Families (19)

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US3385739A (en) * 1965-04-13 1968-05-28 Eaton Yale & Towne Alloy steel articles and the method of making
US3567528A (en) * 1968-02-09 1971-03-02 Allegheny Ludlum Steel Method of using a carburized austenitic stainless steel
DE2451536A1 (de) * 1974-10-30 1976-05-06 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren zum aufkohlen von werkstuecken aus stahl
CH632013A5 (de) * 1977-09-22 1982-09-15 Ipsen Ind Int Gmbh Verfahren zur gasaufkohlung von werkstuecken aus stahl.
JPS54125148A (en) * 1978-03-23 1979-09-28 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd Welded structure of hardened steel
DE2851983B2 (de) 1978-12-01 1980-11-06 Deutsche Gold- Und Silber-Scheideanstalt Vormals Roessler, 6000 Frankfurt Verfahren zum Aufkohlen von Hohlkörpern, insbesondere von Düsen
US4334552A (en) * 1980-04-11 1982-06-15 Hr Textron Inc. Diverter valve
JPS60138065A (ja) 1983-12-27 1985-07-22 Chugai Ro Kogyo Kaisha Ltd ガス浸炭焼入方法およびその連続式ガス浸炭焼入設備
JPS6217364A (ja) 1985-07-13 1987-01-26 Niigata Eng Co Ltd 内燃機関の燃料噴射ノズル
DE3667704D1 (de) * 1985-08-10 1990-01-25 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoff-einspritzduese fuer brennkraftmaschinen.
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GB9203658D0 (en) * 1992-02-19 1992-04-08 Lucas Ind Plc Fuel injection nozzles
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JP3630076B2 (ja) * 2000-05-30 2005-03-16 株式会社デンソー 弁装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1419314A1 (de) 2004-05-19
BR0205866A (pt) 2003-10-21
JP2004538423A (ja) 2004-12-24
CN100365268C (zh) 2008-01-30
US7419553B2 (en) 2008-09-02
DE50210282D1 (de) 2007-07-19
US20040050456A1 (en) 2004-03-18
WO2003016708A1 (de) 2003-02-27
DE10139620A1 (de) 2003-02-27
BR0205866B1 (pt) 2011-02-08
CN1464942A (zh) 2003-12-31

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