EP1411157B1 - Carding machine with a flat-clothing having a point grinding - Google Patents

Abstract

A textile carding assembly has an all-steel drum which rotates under a movable cover (3) whose lower surface has projecting wire rods bent into hooks (8). The hook extremities are ground to an angle alpha of less than 5 degrees. The angle is measured between a plane which is parallel to the cover rod and the ground surface of the hook. The claim incorporates a hook tip ground to an angle of 0 degrees. The ground surfaces of each hook lie essentially in the same plane and are equidistant from the cover lower surface. The length of the ground surface is at least half the rod diameter and has a length to width ratio of greater than 3.5. The width is pref. 0.07 mm. Also claimed is a commensurate carding cover unit.

Description

The present invention relates to a carding machine with an all steel set comprising a drum and a revolving flat apparatus with a set comprising flat bars, the flat set having hooks, wherein the prongs have an undercut at an angle less than 5 degrees and a Hinterschlifffläche has a length at least 0.5 times the largest hook cross-sectional dimension.

The closest prior art is the U.S. Patent US 4,295,248 , From the U.S. Patent US 4,295,248 there is disclosed a prong arrangement in a support member, wherein the tooth tip region is nearly parallel to the surface holding the hook. It is also disclosed that the tooth tip region has at least 10% of the side length of the cross section of the hook material.

Existing cards have hook covers consisting of hooks. A wire set is eg from the EP 1227179 A1 known. These hooks having trimmings are used on the cover device of a card. These may be fixed cover elements or revolving lids. The hooks used there have reliefs on and have a Hinterschlifffläche, which expires arched backwards. The angle of the relief is determined between the area of the back grinding surface adjacent to the tip of the hook and a plane defined by the tips of the hooks. By using additional side and height sharpening, a sharp tip is formed in the prior art. It is common belief that this sharp tip is very advantageous in fiber dissolution and leads to good carding results. However, a more frequent regrinding changes the geometric conditions, resulting in poorer carding results. This problem is particularly pronounced in modern high performance cards. These modern high performance cards have distinct distinguishing features. Thus, the drum peripheral speed is greater than 1300 m / min, a drum set height is less than 3 mm, a chest angle of the teeth of the drum set greater than 25 ° and in particular greater than 30 °, and the foot width of the drum set is smaller than 0.8 mm in particular less than 0.7 mm. Also, modern high performance carts may use more than one licker.

From the U.S. Patent No. 3,325,866 the arrangement and inclination of hooks in a holding element is disclosed. The adjustability of the inclination is also disclosed.

From the British publication GB 2,146,669 the material properties and heat treatment of hooks for a card are described. The ends of the hooks of a card at the same height is, inter alia, in the British patent specification GB 787,009 disclosed. From the European publication EP 0 945 532 is a flat set in particular their production for revolving flat card. In it the length variant of the check marks and the staggering of the check marks in the holding element are revealed. From the US publication US 2,488,442 For example, the ends of the hooks project in a plane parallel to the surface of the retaining element and the hooks are flat. From the U.S. Patent US 5,989,110 the arrangement of a card is revealed. It is also disclosed that regrinding the prongs results in a quasi-smooth surface. However, the sharpened hooks have at least partially relief. In the German Auslegeschrift DE 1 106 653 a Kratzenbeschlag for the cover of cards is disclosed. It is disclosed therein that it is disadvantageous that the known teeth are sharpened at the top so that no uniform tooth thickness and therefore no consistent and uniform carding effect are ensured by side grinding necessary at certain time intervals.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a carding machine with a more uniform carding quality over the entire service life of the flat clothing. Especially the high-performance cards of modern design described above require improvement.

This is achieved in a generic card according to claim 1, characterized in that the Hinterschlifffläche has a length / width ratio of greater than 3.5. This also ensures that sufficient material is available in the tip area.

The angle is measured between a plane parallel to the flat bar and the rear surface of the check mark. The advantage lies in the simpler one Regrinding the hooks and on the other hand, that over the entire service life of a flat set carding quality is consistently high. The term Hinterschleifefläche is also used in the present application, when the angle is 0 degrees and thus actually no relief is present.

Under the largest check cross-sectional dimension, e.g. in the case of a flat clothing, the wire diameter or, in the case of oval wires, the long cross-sectional dimension should be meant. For flat fittings, the cross-section is considered perpendicular to the center axis of the wire. At small angles for the back surface makes their length particularly positive, because much more material is available.

Advantageous embodiments are given in the subclaims.

The regrinding is particularly simple if the relief bevel angle is flat, ie 0 degrees. Due to the geometrically simple contour, the manufacture or the regrinding, in particular with regard to easy-to-use grinding tools, designed relatively simple and inexpensive.

According to one embodiment, if the back ground surface of a plurality of hooks mounted next to each other on the flat rod lie substantially in one plane, this has the advantage that a uniform carding is made possible.

Furthermore, a plurality of rear surfaces of the prongs of the lid may have the same distance to a flat-top plane. The term "flat-top" level generally means here the fastening plane spanned by a fastening device. For example, partially so-called clothing strips are used, which are installed on fastening devices on the flat bar. The fastener then accurately indicates the location of the prongs and defines the flat top level. This extends in many cases substantially perpendicular to the radius of the drum, but can also be easily inclined to this. So it is known, for example, that at the beginning of processing (inlet) of a flat bar, the distance to the clothing of the drum is greater than at the end (outlet). The flat-top plane is then clamped accordingly, so that the rear-grinding surfaces are also arranged correspondingly with respect to the drum set.

Furthermore, the back ground area may have a length / width ratio of greater than 3.5. This also ensures that sufficient material is available in the tip area.

According to a development, the back ground surface may have a width of less than 0.1, preferably 0.07 mm. However, the processing resistance in the carding zone should be kept as low as possible.

The hooks may have in the direction of the back ground surface converging side surfaces having a vertical height of at least 1.5 mm to Hinterschleifefläche. In some cases it is also possible to increase this height beyond 2.5 mm or even 3.2 mm. This is usually achieved by a smaller angle β, in which the side surfaces run. This makes it possible to achieve a regrinding of the flat clothing over a much larger area, without the conditions at the top of the hooks becoming unacceptable.

According to a variant, however, two hooks may be formed from a U-shaped bent piece of wire. This type of production is relatively simple, since a relatively stable structure is created by simple bending technique that can be easily anchored.

In this regard, it is advantageous according to a variant, when the piece of wire is anchored in a fabric construction. The mostly of several layers, partially under plastic or rubber or rubber additive, built fabric construction ensures a relatively elastic attachment of the hook. As a result, overloading and breakage can be minimized both during the carding process and during the regrinding process.

According to one embodiment, it has proven to be particularly favorable when an angle spanned between the rear grinding surface and the front working surface of the hook is greater than 60 degrees, preferably greater than 70 degrees. The front processing surface is the surface of the prong facing the processing directions of the drum.

Preferably, according to a variant, the angle should be less than 90 degrees, preferably 80 degrees. This further ensures that forms a tip for carding on the hook.

In order for the hooks to be inexpensive to manufacture and yet capable of having sufficient strength, in one embodiment hooks of carbide alloyed carbon steel are used. Such a carbon steel is preferably heat-treatable such that e.g. by the heat treatment form carbides in the surface area, which support the hardening. Advantageously, the invention is particularly effective if, according to one variant, the total height of the hooks is less than 9 mm. This results in an optimum ratio between the cross sections usually used and the overall height and the expected load.

To take advantage of modern high-performance cards, it is advisable to use advantageously in a specially designed card, the drum peripheral speed is greater than 1300 m / min, a height of the drum set is less than 3 mm, a breast angle of the teeth of the drum set larger than 25 ° and in particular greater than or equal to 30 °, and the foot width of the drum set is less than 0.8 mm, in particular less than 0.7 mm.

Furthermore, a flat fitting for insertion in a card according to one of claims 1 to 14 is disclosed.

In addition, it should be mentioned at this point that the geometric data specified herein are to be considered primarily, preferably exclusively, in the case of new flat clothings or in reground flat clothings prior to further use. In principle, it should also be understood that the present invention relates to the geometrical aspects of flat clothings and not to drum sets, in particular all-steel clothings.

Fig. 1

eine Karde in einer schematischen Seitenansicht unter anderem bestehend aus einer Trommel mit Ganzstahlgarnitur und einem Deckelstab mit Häkchen,

Fig. 2

eine schematische Detailansicht aus Fig. 1 des Bearbeitungsspalts zwischen Deckelgarnitur und Trommelgarnitur mit aus Übersichtsgründen vergrößert dargestellten Häkchen der Deckelgarnitur,

Fig. 3

eine schematische Detailansicht eines Häkchens aus Fig. 2,

Fig. 4

eine Seitenansicht eines Bereichs einer Deckelgarnitur in einer teilweise geschnittenen, vergrößerten Darstellung und

Fig. 5

eine Vorderansicht des Deckelgarniturbereichs aus Fig. 3.

In the following, embodiments of the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1

a card in a schematic side view, among other things consisting of a drum with all-steel clothing and a flat bar with check mark,

Fig. 2

a schematic detail view Fig. 1 of the machining gap between the flat clothing and the drum clothing with check marks of the flat clothing shown enlarged for reasons of clarity,

Fig. 3

a schematic detail view of a check mark Fig. 2 .

Fig. 4

a side view of a portion of a flat clothing in a partially sectioned, enlarged view and

Fig. 5

a front view of the Deckelgarniturbereichs Fig. 3 ,

In Fig. 1 a card 1 is shown. It consists inter alia of a drum 2, which rotates about a center of rotation A in the direction of arrow B. On its surface 7 is an all-steel set. At least a part of the surface 7 is in operative relationship with a lid apparatus 3. This is a traveling lid apparatus, which comprises a plurality of flat bars 23 with Deckelgamiturstreifen arranged thereon. The flat rod migrates by means of deflection rollers 4 against or in rotary motion with its flat bars 23 on the drum 2 along. Between flat cover and a drum set a machining gap 4 is present.

The check marks 8 are in Fig. 2 shown enlarged in the machining gap 4. The hooks 8 are angled and therefore have a so-called knee. A longitudinal axis 9 of the hooks 8 faces opposite to the direction of rotation B of the drum 2. The saw teeth, which are mounted on the drum 2, point in the other direction than the check marks 8, which are fixed to the flat bar 23. The check marks 8 each form part of the clothing 6 from the flat bar 23. In the Fig. 2 is in each case a check mark 8 symbolic of a flat bar. Within the flat bar, the tips of the hooks 8 are arranged substantially in one plane.

In Fig. 3 is a check mark 8, which is in the set 6 of the flat bar 23 of the lid apparatus 3 application is shown, which is made of an oval wire. The check mark 8 comprises a main body 10, to which a bending part 11 connects with the tip 12.

The bent part 11 has at least two regions, the front region forming the tip 12 with the sharp pointed end.

It can be seen that the base body 10 and bending part 11, up to a processing edge 14 have an oval cross-section. The tip 12 has on the upper side a Hinterschlifffläche 13. On the sides, the tip 12 has side surfaces 15. The side surfaces 15 are made flat by a side cut. The rear grinding surface 13 is ground precisely in a relief grinding angle of 0 degrees. The Hinterschliffflächen all hooks are thus in a plane which is clamped parallel to a flat-top plane.

A relief angle .alpha. Is measured between an axis running through the front tip end of two hooks 8 arranged one behind the other and a tangent 18 of the rear grinding surface 13 running through the front tip end.

The fiber material to be processed is fed to the card or carding machine via feed rollers. There, it gets into the machining gap 4 between the drum 2 and the flat bar 23. The hooks 8 of the clothing 6 and the all-steel clothing, which is mounted on the surface 7 of drum 2, separate and align the fibers.

The bevel angle α = 0 ° ensures that, despite re-sharpening the cover gauges, consistent carding qualities are maintained over the entire service life.

The following will now be based on the 4 and 5 another embodiment of a lid wire set explained in more detail.

That in the 4 and 5 shown tick 8 is designed as Doppelhäkchen and made by U-shaped bending of a clothing wire. The U-shaped clothing wire piece is anchored in a multi-layer fabric construction 19. A U-web 20 of the piece of wire extends along the underside of the fabric construction 19. Above the knee 21 in each case a check mark has the side surfaces 15 converging towards the relief surface 13. The side surfaces 15 converge towards each other at an angle β of about 7 degrees. It remains at the end of the tip 12 is a substantially rectangular Hinterschleifffläche 13 with a width in the new state of about 0.03 mm. An angle γ, which spans between the rear grinding surface 13 and a processing surface 22 on the front side of the hook 8 is approximately 76 degrees in the present case. The Hinterschlifffläche 13 is designed just. A plurality of adjacently arranged rear grinding surfaces 13 within a clothing area are arranged in a common plane.

The side surfaces 15 have a vertical length from the undercut surface 13 measured from 2 mm. At this point it should be mentioned that the vertical height should be at least 1.5 mm and the angle γ greater than 60 degrees, preferably greater than 70 degrees. Furthermore, care should be taken that the angle γ should be less than 90 degrees, preferably 80 degrees.

Care has been taken in the present embodiment that the length of the back grinding surface 13 is at least 0.5 times the largest cross-sectional dimension. This cross-sectional dimension is defined by the length of the oval cross-section. Furthermore, a length / width ratio of the back ground surface 13 is larger than 3.5. In the following case, the length is about 0.4 mm, so that results in a ratio of about 12.5.

In particular, it is desirable that the back ground surface has a width of less than 0.1 mm, preferably 0.07 mm. In particular, this requirement should be present in a new construction or a reground set in the unused condition. The in the 4 and 5 shown set has an angle α of 0 degrees, so that actually no relief is present.

In the embodiment example described above, the hooks are formed by wire pieces.

It is also advisable, however, to reproduce the hooks by means of a sawtooth wire as a whole as an all-steel set.

Claims (15)

1. Carding machine having a drum (2) which has an all-steel clothing and a revolving flat device having flat rods (23) which have a clothing (6), the flat clothing having hooks (8), the hooks (8) having a relief grinding at an angle (α) of less than 5 degrees, a relief grinding face (13) having a length which corresponds to at least half of the largest hook cross-section dimension, characterised in that the relief grinding face (13) has a length/width ratio greater than 3.5.
2. Carding machine according to claim 1, characterised in that a relief grinding face (13) which is formed by the relief grinding is constructed in a planar manner, that is to say, the relief grinding angle (α) is 0 degrees.
3. Carding machine (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that at least the relief grinding faces (13) of all the hooks (8) of a flat rod (23) are located substantially in one plane.
4. Carding machine (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that a plurality of relief grinding faces (13) of the hooks (8) of the flat rod (23) have the same distance relative to a flat rod plane (24).
5. Carding machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the relief grinding face (13) has a width of less than 0.1 mm, preferably 0.07 mm.
6. Carding machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the hooks (8) have lateral faces (15) which extend towards each other in the direction of the relief grinding face (13) and which have a vertical height of at least 1.5 mm relative to the relief grinding face (13).
7. Carding machine (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that two hooks (8) are formed in each case from a piece of wire which is bent into a U-shape.
8. Carding machine according to claim 7, characterised in that the piece of wire is anchored in a woven construction.
9. Carding machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that, between the relief grinding face (13) and the front processing face (22) of the hook (8), an angle (γ) greater than 60 degrees, preferably greater than 70 degrees, is defined.
10. Carding machine (1) according to claim 9, characterised in that the angle (γ) is less than 90 degrees, preferably 80 degrees.
11. Carding machine (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that at least the hooks (8) comprise an alloyed carbon steel.
12. Carding machine or card (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the hooks (8) are thermally processed.
13. Carding machine (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the overall height of the hooks (8) is less than 9.0 mm.
14. Carding machine (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the drum peripheral speed is greater than 1300 m/min, a height of the drum clothing is less than 3 mm, a front angle of the teeth of the drum clothing is greater than 25°, and in particular greater than or equal to 30°, and the base width of the drum clothing is less than 0.8 mm, in particular less than 0.7 mm.
15. Flat clothing (6) for use in a carding machine (1) having a drum (2) which has an all-steel clothing and a revolving flat device having flat rods (23), the flat clothing having hooks (8), the hooks (8) having a relief grinding at an angle (α) of less than 5 degrees, a relief grinding face (13) having a length which corresponds to at least half of the largest hook cross-section dimension, characterised in that the relief grinding face (13) has a length/width ratio greater than 3.5.

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