EP1020548B1 - Card clothing for flats of a carding machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The wire clothing for a carding flat has at least one of the wires (30) with a length at the holding section (34) at least as long as at the working section (36) so that, preferably with at least one of the clothing wires (30), the ratio between the lengths of the holding (34) and working (36) sections is at least 3:1 and especially at least 5:1. With at least one of the clothing wires (30), the length of the working section (36) is ≤ 3 mm and preferably ≤ 1.5 mm at about 1 mm. The width of the clothing wire, at right angles to its longitudinal axis, is at least 0.2 mm and preferably at least 0.4 mm. The thickness of the clothing wire is ≤ 6 mm, on a plane at right angles to the longitudinal axis, and preferably 4.8 mm. The wire thickness:width ratio is ≤ 3. The clothing wire has a quadrilateral cross section at right angles to the longitudinal axis. The transit between the body of the clothing wire and its sharpened point is wholly within the card clothing carrier (10). One surface of the sharpened wire point is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the wire. The wire axis is pitched against the straight line from the tip through the carrier at an acute included angle of 5-30 degrees and preferably 5-20 degrees and especially at about 12 degrees , at the leading side (14) of the clothing carrier (10). The holding zone (12) of the carrier (10) transits into a mounting zone (16) at least at one edge, offset to the rear side (22) of the carrier (10) away from the wire working sections (36). The rear side (22) of the carrier (10) is parallel to the front side (14), and the front side (18) of the mounting zone (16) is parallel to the front side (14) of the carrier (10). A holder engages the front side (18) of the mounting zone (16), to press the carrier (10) against the surface of the card flat. Part of the holder passes through the mounting zone (16). At least one woven insert is embedded in the carrier, and preferably two woven layers are embedded in it, over each other and with a gap between them.

Description

The invention relates to a scratch covering for a cover Card according to the preamble of claim 1 with a carrier element and a number of each with at least one receiving section received in the carrier element Scratching wires, each of which is at least one outside of the carrier element exposed processing section has as well as one for producing such a scratching covering usable support element.

A card is used in the production of yarn for parallelization of the individual fibers one of disordered fibers existing raw material used. A card is usually used for this essentially from one essentially in shape of a circular cylinder and a number of along an approximately parallel to the surface of the drum, predetermined path with respect to the drum movable Lids. For processing the fibers of the raw material, the Tambour on its outer surface, for example in the form of Sawtooth wires formed drum set while the Cover on its along the given path facing the drum Side are equipped with cover sets. This too Lid sets can be in the form of parallel to the given Saw tooth wire sections extending in the path his. In addition, there are also lid sets in the form of Scratch coverings of the type described above for use. These are distinguished from sawtooth wire sections formed all-steel sets by a much lower Weight and by significantly lower manufacturing costs. there can be the weight of one with a scratch covering of the above described type equipped lid less than half the weight of a lid with one formed from sawtooth wires Cover set. That doesn't just lead to one significantly lower energy consumption when operating a card, but also less wear and tear because of the movement and guiding the with a scratch coating of those described above Kind equipped lid along the given route can be done with particularly little effort. Out for this reason, especially in the manufacture of inexpensive Yarns with low quality requirements increasingly Scratch coverings of the type described above used.

However, it has proven problematic that which are generally made of an elastic plastic and / or a A plurality of fabric layers vulcanized together band-shaped carrier elements in the area of the receiving sections the scratch wires tear out after a short time, because during the processing of the fiber material in the area of Receiving sections of the scratch wires have significant forces on it Carrier element are exercised. To remedy this shortcoming The support elements have already been proposed in CH 636 134 of scratch coverings of the type described above to provide band-shaped reinforcement inserts. The production such carrier elements is, however, comparatively high Cost associated with this through the use of these scratch coverings cost advantages to be achieved at least partially again be nullified.

Furthermore, it has the use of scratch coverings type described above proved to be disadvantageous that a large amount of short fibers in the processing section of the scratch wires accumulates, which ensures a reliable operation of the card a frequent cleaning of the Scratch coverings that make the cover necessary.

Furthermore, scratch coverings according to the preamble of claim 1 are described in GB-A-1 474 889.

Given the problems described in the State of the art, the invention is based on the object an inexpensive and low-wear scratching covering at the beginning Provide described type with which reliable operation a card can be guaranteed with little effort can.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by the further development specified in the characterizing part of claim 1 the known scratch coverings of the one described above Kind of solved. preferred Embodiments of the invention are in the dependent claims specified.

In terms of wear resistance according to the invention It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the ratio of the length of the in the support member recorded receiving portion of the scratch wires to that of the processing section exposed outside the carrier element at least 3: 1, preferably at least 5: 1 is.

With regard to reducing the amount of yourself during the operation of a card in the area of the scratch coverings of the It has proven to be particularly advantageous for the short fibers collecting the lid proven if the length of the outside of the support member exposed machining sections less than 3 mm, preferably less than 2 mm, particularly preferably less than Is 1.5 mm.

In terms of production technology, it has proven to be particularly advantageous proven when the receiving portion of the scratch wires the carrier element based on the processing section back facing away from the processing section penetrates facing front because the scratch wires then in the manufacture of scratch coverings according to the invention without damage who during the processing of the fiber material in general front of the support element facing the drum can be inserted so far into the back, until the processing section from the front of the carrier element emerges.

For holding the scratch wires in the carrier element can the scratch wires on their facing away from the processing section End of the receiving section with one on the back of the support element adjacent holding section his. In this context, it has turned out to be special Proven useful if the scraper wires two outside of Carrier element exposed processing sections and two have receiving sections penetrating the carrier element, the receiving sections via a on the back of the Carrier element adjacent connecting section with each other are connected. Such scratch wires can for example in be formed substantially U-shaped, each of the two outer Leg of such a U-shaped scraper wire one processing section exposed outside the carrier element and a receiving portion received in the support member has and the two outer legs together connecting legs of the scratch wire on the back of the support element rests.

With a view to further improving wear resistance it has it according to the invention proven to be advantageous if the scratch wire in a vertical to its longitudinal axis and approximately perpendicular to the direction those acting on it during the processing of the raw material Machining forces direction a width of at least 0.2 mm, preferably at least 0.4 mm, because in this way the while processing the raw material exerted on the carrier element via the scratch wires Low pressure without affecting the function of the card can be so as to tear out the support member to counteract further in the area of the receiving sections of the scraper wires.

With a view to ensuring the highest possible Stability of the support element must be ensured that during the insertion of the scratch wires into the carrier element no excessive material displacement within the carrier element he follows. Therefore, in terms of ensuring one high stability of the carrier element preferred if the scratch wires the smallest possible cross-sectional area in one have cutting plane perpendicular to their longitudinal direction. On the other hand, with regard to the of the fiber material occurring machining forces sufficiently high stability of the scratch wires in the direction of the Machining forces are ensured. When using the above described scratch wires with a width of at least 0.2 mm, preferably at least 0.4 mm, has been shown that a sufficiently high stability of the scratch wires in Direction of machining forces while avoiding excessive Weakening of the carrier element by the occurring in it Material displacement can be ensured. It has proven particularly favorable if the ratio of the Thickness to width is less than 3. In a particularly preferred one Embodiment of the invention have the scratch wires in a section plane running perpendicular to its longitudinal axis have a substantially square cross section.

With the scratch coverings according to the invention will improve the engagement of the scratch wires in the Fiber material reached because the processing section on its End facing away from the carrier element in a machining tip leaks out of two an acute angle of less than 20 °, preferably about 16 °, enclosing each other Top surface segments of the boundary surface of the Scratch wire is formed at least one of which is inclined runs to the longitudinal axis of the scraper wire and at one in the direction the longitudinal axis of the scraping wire from the machining tip spaced transition into an approximately parallel to the longitudinal axis of the scratch wire extending rear boundary surface segment the boundary surface of the scratch wire passes. Such machining tips are conventionally thereby made that scratch wire with a constant length Cross-sectional area in a perpendicular to its longitudinal axis extending cutting plane at one of its ends to provide of the tip surface segment running obliquely to the longitudinal axis be ground, embossed or punched. This creates in the area of the transition between the so produced Point surface segment and the parallel to the longitudinal axis of the scratch wire trending rear boundary surface segment usually so-called cut brows, on which those to be parallelized Fibers can be held. Therefore, conventional Scratching wires to remove the cut brows Production of the machining tip a further grinding process be subjected. This will reduce the cost of manufacture conventional scratch coverings increased accordingly.

This cost increase will be avoided at the same time the accumulation of fibers in the area of the processing sections the scratch wires of an inventive Avoided scratching because of the transition between the tip surface segment running obliquely to the longitudinal axis of the scratch wire and the rear boundary surface segment of the Scraper wire is arranged within the carrier element. This ensures that during the manufacture of the tip surface segment resulting brews when processing the Textile fibers are no longer exposed outside the carrier element and therefore cannot hold onto fibers.

With regard to a particularly effective intervention the scratch wires of a scratch covering according to the invention in the Fiber material has proven to be particularly favorable if one of the tip surface segments approximately parallel to the longitudinal axis of the scraper wire and preferably an acute angle from about 5 to 30 °, preferably about 5 to 20 °, particularly preferably about 12 ° with one touching the machining tip Includes surface normals on the front of the support element.

To ensure even processing or Show parallelization of the individual fibers of the raw material conventional scratch coverings one the receiving sections of the A receiving area with a scratch wire receiving area flat front facing the machining sections on. Such scratch coverings are usually with Help from the front facing the machining sections of the support element bearing brackets on a The card's flat bar is attached. The editing of the individual fibers of the raw material through the front of the support element adjacent holding part of the holding element is impaired become. It has been found to remedy this defect proven to be advantageous if the receiving portions of the Receiving area for scratching wires on at least one of its edges merges into a fastening area, the Machining sections facing front with respect to Front of the receiving section towards the processing sections facing back of the support member is offset.

With this arrangement, the distance is between the front of the receiving area and the front of the fastening area in a perpendicular to the front of the recording area extending direction for attaching the retaining clip available without going through the front of the fastening area of the holding part of the holding clip the processing of the textile fibers with those from the front of the Recording area of the support element protruding processing sections the scratch wire is affected.

Technically, it has proven to be particularly cheap proven if the support member. formed in the manner of a carrier tape is the processing sections of the scraper wires facing back in a roughly parallel to the front the plane of the machining area is arranged, the front of the mounting area also in one approximately parallel to the front of the machining area extending plane can be arranged.

To ensure reliable and even Processing or parallelization of the individual fibers of the raw material have the scratch coverings according to the invention themselves extending over the entire width of the reel of a card Width, while its length is parallel to the given one Machining route direction is essential is shorter than the width of the drum. Accordingly, it is in progress the processing section facing the drum the processing area of the carrier element usually in essentially rectangular. This can be a reliable attachment the scratch coating on the flat bar are ensured, if the rectangular front on at least one, preferably about two of their longer side edges parallel to the fastening area.

As already mentioned above, the inventive Scraps over one with a holding part on the Front of the fastening area of the support element and starting from there towards the back of the support element and, if necessary, extending holding element to be attached to the flat bar of a card, wherein a particularly reliable fastening is ensured, if the holding element in the fastening area of the carrier element has penetrating fastening part.

As the above explanation of scratch coverings according to the invention can be seen, is one for production Carrier element suitable for such scratch coverings essentially characterized in that there is one for receiving the receiving sections of the scraper wires serving area with a has a substantially flat front, which at least one of its edges merges into a fastening area, the Front with respect to the front of the recording area is offset towards the back of the carrier element. Such a carrier element is preferably made of an elastic Plastic, such as polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane or Polyamide, possibly with appropriate plasticizers.

To produce scratch coverings according to the invention expediently used carrier elements made of plastic, in particular made of PVC. It can at least increase the strength one, preferably two spaced apart in the thickness direction Tissue inserts can be embedded in the carrier element.

Fig. 1

eine Schnittansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Kratzenbelags,

Fig. 2

eine die Befestigung einer Halteklammer an dem Trägerelement des in Fig. 1 dargestellten Kratzenbelages veranschaulichende Detaildarstellung,

Fig. 3

eine einen Kratzendraht des in Fig. 1 dargestellten Kratzenbelages darstellende Detaildarstellung,

Fig. 4

eine in der Schnittebene I-I in Fig. 3 genommene Schnittdarstellung des Kratzendrahtes und

Fig. 5

eine Ansicht des in Fig. 1 dargestellten Kratzenbelages von hinten.

The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing, to which reference is expressly made with regard to all details essential to the invention that are not detailed in the description. The drawing shows:

Fig. 1

2 shows a sectional view of a scratch covering according to the invention,

Fig. 2

2 shows a detailed illustration illustrating the fastening of a retaining clip to the carrier element of the scratch covering shown in FIG. 1,

Fig. 3

1 shows a detailed representation of a scratch wire of the scratch covering shown in FIG. 1,

Fig. 4

a sectional view of the scraper wire taken in the sectional plane II in Fig. 3 and

Fig. 5

a view of the scratch coating shown in Fig. 1 from behind.

The scratch coating shown in the drawing is essentially of a carrier element 10 and a number of used in this support member 10. Scratching wires 30 a synopsis of FIGS. 1 and 5 shows that the carrier element 10 in the manner of a carrier tape with a width B, which corresponds essentially to the width of the cardboard reel, and a much shorter length K in a parallel to the direction of movement indicated by the arrow F in FIG. 5 the lid runs along the specified path Direction is formed. From Fig. 1 it appears that the Carrier element a central receiving area 12 with a comparatively has a large thickness into which the scratch wires 30 are inserted, the opposite of each other on its two Edges each in a fastening area 16 less Fat passes. For this purpose, the back 22 of the carrier element essentially formed flat, while the essentially flat and parallel to the rear 22 front 14 of the receiving area receiving the scratch wires 30 12 greater thickness on their two opposite one another Edges over towards the back 22 extending steps 20 in the also substantially flat and approximately parallel to the rear side 22 of the carrier element 10 extending front sides 18 of the fastening area 16. Accordingly, the front faces 18 are the fastening areas 16 with respect to the front 14 of the receiving area 12 in the direction offset in parallel on the rear side 22 of the carrier element 10.

The edge regions 16 of reduced thickness of the carrier element 10 are available for attaching to attach the scratching surface on a flat bar usually used holding clips Available. The difference in height d between the Front 14 of the receiving area 12 and the front 18 the attachment areas 16 an attachment of the retaining clips enables the effectiveness of the over the front 14 of the receiving area projecting and exposed processing sections 36 of the scratch wires 30 leaves uninfluenced.

The attachment of retaining clips 50 to the opposite one another Fastening areas 16 of the carrier element 10 is exemplary in .Fig. 2 shown. In the case of this figure illustrated embodiment of the invention has the retaining clip 50 a on the front 18 of the fastening area 16 adjacent holding part 12 on its the receiving area 12 of the support element 10 facing away from the end in a direction extending to the back 22 and beyond Clamp part abutting a side face 24 of the carrier element 56 and at its end facing the receiving area 12 into a fastening part 54 penetrating the carrier element 10 transforms. The end of the fastening part facing away from the holding part 52 54 bears against the rear side 22 of the carrier element and thus makes a reliable fastening of the holding clip 50 the carrier element safely. On the other hand, this can be done from the back 22 of the support element 10 protruding end of the bracket part 56 in a corresponding manner via a back of a Flat rod are bent so as to ensure reliable attachment to enable the scratch coating on the flat bar. The fat d 'of the holding part 52 in a direction perpendicular to the front 18 of the fastening region 16 extending direction is less than the height difference d between the front 14 of the Receiving area 12 and the front 18 of the mounting area 16. This ensures that the effectiveness of the outside of the carrier element 10 exposed processing segments 36 of the scratch wires 30 by attaching the retaining clip 50 is not affected. As can be seen in FIG. 5 is, the extend to the opposite Edges of the holding element 10 arranged fastening areas 16 approximately over the entire width B of the band-shaped carrier element. This will ensure a safe and reliable determination of the Scratch covering on a flat bar across its entire width allows.

As shown particularly clearly in Fig. 3, the individual inserted into the receiving area 12 of the support member 10 Scratching wires 30 are formed in a substantially U-shape and have two outer legs 32, one over the back 22 of the support element adjoining connecting section 48 are interconnected. Each of the outer legs 32 has one received in the receiving area 12 of the carrier element 10 Receiving section 34 and one over the front 14 of the receiving area 12 projecting, exposed Processing section 36 on. The length L of the receiving sections 34 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 31 of the scraper wire 30 much larger than the length 1 of the processing sections 36, the length 1 being approximately 1 mm and the length L approximately 6 mm is. This results in increased wear resistance of the scratch coating shown in the drawing and on the other hand, a reduction in the amount in the area of Processing sections 36 accumulating short fibers reached. The Width b of the individual scratch wires in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement F and parallel to the front 14 of the recording area 12 running direction is the one in the drawing shown scratching surface about 0.2 mm, while the thickness D of the scratch wire in a perpendicular to that through the longitudinal axis 31 and the width direction spanned plane Direction is approximately 0.48 mm (see FIG. 4). Thereby is guaranteed with sufficient stability of the Scraper wire in a direction parallel to the direction of movement F. Direction on the one hand in terms of wear resistance advantageous of the scratch covering according to the invention Force transmission during a machining process machining forces acting on the machining sections 36 in the carrier element 10 and on the other hand to ensure sufficient stability of the support element 10 sufficiently low material displacement when piercing the Scratching wires 30 in the receiving area 12 of the carrier element 10 ensured.

As shown particularly clearly in FIG. 4, the individual processing sections 36 of the scraper wire 30 at their Front 14 of the receiving area 12 facing away from the ends a machining tip 38. This machining tip 38 will by two enclosing an acute angle α of about 16 ° Tip surface segments 40 and 46 formed. This in Direction of the lid movement indicated by arrow F. along the specified machining path during a machining process front tip surface segment 46 runs approximately parallel to the longitudinal axis 31 of the scraper wire 30 and closes an acute angle β of about 12 ° with the machining tip 38 touching surface normals on the front 14 of the recording area w. That the front tip surface segment 46 opposite rear tip surface segment 40 closes with the longitudinal axis 31 of the scraper wheel 30 the acute angle. α and goes in the direction of Longitudinal axis 31 of the scraper wire 30 from the machining tips 38 spaced transition 42 into a rear boundary surface segment 44 over that parallel to the longitudinal axis 31 of the scraper wire 30 runs. The transition 42 is within the Receiving area 12 of the support member 10 is arranged. Thereby will ensure that during the manufacture of the rear Tip surface segment 40 by grinding, punching or Embossing process in the area of the transition 42 Cut brows are not exposed outside the support element and therefore also not to hold individual fibers of the with the invention Scrape to be processed raw material To be available. Therefore, in the manufacture of the invention Scratching of an otherwise to remove the Brewing in the area of the transition 42 necessary further Grinding process to be disregarded.

As shown in Fig. 5, the connecting segments run 48 of the scraper wires 30 approximately parallel to the width direction of the carrier element 10, which in the carrier element 10 inserted scratch wires to a variety of obliquely the direction of movement indicated by the arrow F along the Processing line and processing strips running parallel to each other are summarized. This will make it even Processing of the raw material over the entire width B the scratched surface ensured.

The invention is not explained on the basis of the drawing Embodiment limited. Rather, it is about it thought the angle between the front tip surface segment 46 and the surface normal touching the machining tip 38 on the front 14 of the receiving area 12 in one area to vary between 5 ° and 20 °. Furthermore, instead of in the drawing wire shown with a substantially rectangular cutting surface in a perpendicular to the Longitudinal axis 31 extending cutting plane also with scratch wires a square, round or oval cross section become. In addition, an embodiment is also contemplated in which the front sides 18 of the fastening areas 16 are starting from the side surfaces 24 towards the rear 22 of the support member 10, and so an even more reliable To enable attachment of the retaining clips 50.

Claims (12)

1. Card clothing for flats of a carding machine, with a support element (10) and a number of card wires (30) received with at least one receiving section (34) in the support element (10), each of which wires exhibits at least one processing section laid bare outside the support element (10), wherein the processing section (36) terminates at its end facing away from the support element (10) in a processing tip (38) which is formed from two tip area segments (40, 46) of the limiting area of the card wire (30) forming an acute angle (□) to each other, at least one of these segments runs obliquely to the longitudinal axis (31) of the card wire (30) and passes into a rear limiting area segment (44) running approximately parallel with the longitudinal axis (31) of the card wire (30), wherein the transition (42) is arranged inside the support element (10), characterised in that the angle (□) between the tip area segments is less than 20°, preferably approximately 16°.
2. Card clothing according to Claim 1, characterised in that one of the tip area segments (46) runs approximately parallel with the longitudinal axis of the card wire, and preferably forms an acute angle (□) of approximately 5-30°, preferably approximately 5-20°, and in particular preference approximately 12°, with a surface normal contacting the processing tip (38) on the front side (14) of the support element (10).
3. Card clothing according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that a receiving area (12) of the support element (10) receiving receiving sections (34) of the card wire (30) exhibits an essentially flat front side (14) facing the processing sections (36), wherein the receiving area (12) passes on at least one of its edges into a fastening area (16) whose front side (18), facing the processing sections (36), is offset in relation to the front side (14) of the receiving area (12) in the direction of the back (22) of the support element (10) facing away from the processing sections (36), wherein the back (22) of the support element (10) is preferably arranged in a plane extending approximately parallel with the front side (14) of the receiving area (12), and the front side (18) of the fastening area (16) is arrange din a plane extending approximately parallel with the front side (14) of the processing area (12).
4. Card clothing according to Claim 3, characterised by a retaining element (50) in contact with a retaining part (52) on the front side (18) of the fastening area (16), and extending from this point in the direction of the back (22) of the support element (10) and beyond if necessary, for retaining the card clothing on a cover bar, wherein the retaining element (50) preferably exhibits a fastening section (54) penetrating the fastening area (16).
5. Card clothing according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the support element consists essentially of plastic, especially PVC.
6. Card clothing according to Claim 5, characterised in that at least one, preferably at least two fabric inserts spaced apart in the thickness direction are embedded in the support element.
7. Card clothing according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that in the case of at least one of the card wires (30) the receiving section (34) is at least as long as the processing section (36), wherein preferably in the case of at least one of the card wires (30) the ratio of the length (L) of the receiving section (34) to that (I) of the processing section (36) is at least 3:1, in particular preference at least 5:1.
8. Card clothing according to Claim 7, characterised in that in the case of at least one of the card wires (30) the length (I) of the processing section (36) is less than 3 mm, preferably less than 2 mm, and in particular preference less than 1.5 mm.
9. Card clothing according to Claim 8, characterised in that the length (I) of the processing section is approximately 1 mm.
10. Card clothing according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the card wire exhibits a width of at least 0.2 mm, preferably at least 0.4 mm, in a direction running perpendicularly to its longitudinal axis.
11. Card clothing according to Claim 10, characterised in that the ratio of the thickness (D) to the width (b) of the card wire is less than 3.
12. Card clothing according to Claim 11, characterised in that the card wire exhibits an essentially square cross-section in a sectional plane running perpendicularly to its longitudinal axis (31).

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