Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
  • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
  • G03H1/26—Processes or apparatus specially adapted to produce multiple sub- holograms or to obtain images from them, e.g. multicolour technique
  • G03H1/28—Processes or apparatus specially adapted to produce multiple sub- holograms or to obtain images from them, e.g. multicolour technique superimposed holograms only
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
  • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
  • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
  • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
  • B42D25/328—Diffraction gratings; Holograms
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
  • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
  • G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
  • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
  • G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
  • G03H1/0236—Form or shape of the hologram when not registered to the substrate, e.g. trimming the hologram to alphanumerical shape
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
  • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
  • G03H1/0005—Adaptation of holography to specific applications
  • G03H1/0011—Adaptation of holography to specific applications for security or authentication
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
  • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
  • G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
  • G03H1/18—Particular processing of hologram record carriers, e.g. for obtaining blazed holograms
  • G03H2001/187—Trimming process, i.e. macroscopically patterning the hologram
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
  • G03H2210/00—Object characteristics
  • G03H2210/50—Nature of the object
  • G03H2210/54—For individualisation of product
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
  • G03H2230/00—Form or shape of the hologram when not registered to the substrate
  • G03H2230/10—Microhologram not registered to the substrate
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
  • G03H2250/00—Laminate comprising a hologram layer
  • G03H2250/10—Laminate comprising a hologram layer arranged to be transferred onto a carrier body
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
  • G03H2250/00—Laminate comprising a hologram layer
  • G03H2250/12—Special arrangement of layers
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
  • G03H2270/00—Substrate bearing the hologram
  • G03H2270/10—Composition
  • G03H2270/12—Fibrous, e.g. paper, textile
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/31—Surface property or characteristic of web, sheet or block
  • Y10T428/315—Surface modified glass [e.g., tempered, strengthened, etc.]

Definitions

• the invention relates to methods for producing an optical element, optical elements that can be produced with these methods, documents of value with such optical elements and a numbering embossing unit for use in a method according to the invention.
• Security features of this type can at least cause the production of a high-quality counterfeit to be made more difficult and more expensive.
• Security features include watermarks, silk threads, intertwined line structures and the use of special paper known.
• the application of metallized embossed holograms to banknotes, credit cards and Euro check cards has also become generally accepted. Due to the holographic effect, such embossed holograms can also be used for the special aesthetic design of such documents or other objects.
• Such embossed holograms are e.g. B. produced by mass-embossing holographic image reliefs in an embossable film.
• An adhesive layer is applied to the embossed film. A further design is therefore no longer possible. With the adhesive layer, the stamping foil z. B. applied as a security feature.
• Such simple embossed holograms also offer only limited protection against counterfeiting.
• the increasing spread of appropriate technology already makes it possible to reproduce corresponding embossed holograms.
• optical elements It would therefore be desirable if there were methods available with which optical elements can be produced, whose counterfeiting is further complicated, and which allow simple individualization. It is the object of the present invention to provide corresponding methods for the production of optical elements, optical elements which are difficult to forge, documents of value with such optical elements and an embossing tool for use in a production method.
• an embossable film or substrate surface is first provided with a first embossing hologram.
• This embossed hologram may have been embossed in a known manner as a holographic image relief in an embossable film.
• the first embossing holo Gram can be mass-produced in the embossed layer of this film.
• a second embossing hologram is embossed in the same embossing layer in which the first embossing hologram has already been introduced. According to the invention, the second embossed hologram partially replaces the first embossed hologram.
• two embossed holograms are thus embossed into one another.
• the second embossed hologram can be selected such that it holographically reconstructs a different image than the first embossed hologram when illuminated. If the second embossed hologram is viewed, a different optical effect arises than if the surfaces that carry the first embossed hologram are considered.
• the optical structures e.g. B. diffraction grating of embossed holograms, have typical orders of magnitude and distances of a few 100 nm and are therefore not visible to the naked eye.
• the holographically stored information is only visible when illuminated with the appropriate reconstruction light and viewed under the holographic reconstruction angle. Different than when e.g. B.
• two adhesive holograms would be glued on top of one another, so when looking at them with the naked eye, it is generally not possible to see that two embossed hologram structures are present in one embossing layer. Illumination with reconstruction light and viewing at the appropriate reconstruction angle make the double structure recognizable.
• the method according to the invention can thus be used to produce an optical element which, on the one hand, produces a special optical and possibly particularly aesthetic effect.
• the structure with several different embossing holograms in an embossing layer is more difficult to imitate. The result is a higher recognition value, which can be easily checked even without special equipment.
• the embossing of the second embossed hologram structure in the same embossed layer as the first embossed hologram structure enables simple production. To have to different layers are not glued or bonded together.
• the second embossed hologram structure can have the same external shape for all optical elements. However, there is a significant increase in counterfeit security and / or the area of application if the second embossed hologram is different for each optical element. In this way, the optical element can be individualized as a security feature, e.g. B. in the form of a consecutive registration number.
• the first and the second embossed hologram have either different reconstruction angles and / or different reconstruction wavelengths.
• Additional information can be displayed if the external shape of the second embossed hologram can also convey information.
• the first embossed hologram is then replaced by the latter in the form of the outer shape of the second embossed hologram.
• the information stored in the first embossed hologram or the information stored in the second embossed hologram becomes visible.
• the outer shape of the second embossed hologram can also be seen.
• the second embossed hologram can have the outer form of a number. This number can e.g. B. correspond to the serial number of a value document.
• the second embossing hologram can be individually embossed in the form of a different number for each individual optical feature become. In this way, the optical features can be customized very well.
• the method according to the invention can be carried out particularly easily using a numbering embossing tool, which advantageously comprises metallic positive or negative numbers produced by etching or engraving, to which a holographic relief is applied in each case.
• a numbering embossing tool which advantageously comprises metallic positive or negative numbers produced by etching or engraving, to which a holographic relief is applied in each case. If the numbers of the numbering embossing unit already have the holographic relief for the second embossing hologram on the embossing surface, the numbering process for producing the respective second embossing hologram can be carried out in the same way as in a normal numbering embossing process. While a first embossing hologram is brought into the embossing position for the second embossing hologram, the numbering tool switches to the desired number.
• the second embossing hologram is embossed in the outer form of the desired number in the embossing layer of the first embossing hologram layer. Then z. B. applied an adhesive layer on the back and the optical feature on the object to be secured, for. B. a value document stuck on.
• Another first embossed hologram is in the. Position for embossing the second embossing hologram while the numbering embossing tool advances by one number. Now the process is repeated accordingly.
• a corresponding nickel matrix can be provided, which carries the embossing structure of the second embossing hologram in metallic form.
• a nickel tape with a holographic relief is placed over the number ring of an embossing numbering unit.
• the embossing surfaces of the numbering unit do not have to be provided with the holographic relief.
• the embossing surface of the respective number of the numbering embossing press presses the nickel tape with the holographic relief into the embossing layer of the first embossing hologram.
• the holographic relief structure of the nickel band is stamped into the embossing layer of the first embossing hologram.
• An optical element according to the invention which can be used particularly advantageously as a security feature for documents of value, comprises a first embossed hologram in an embossed layer and a second embossed hologram in the same embossed layer.
• the second embossed hologram is arranged within the outer outline of the first embossed hologram.
• an embossable film or substrate surface is partially printed with a curable printing varnish. This printing varnish is then cured.
• an embossing hologram is embossed on the substrate which has been partially printed in this way, the hardened printing varnish preventing the embossing in the printed partial areas.
• an embossable film or substrate surface is first provided with an embossed hologram.
• a printing varnish is applied to this embossed hologram, which fills the embossed relief structure of the hologram. If necessary, the printing varnish is then cured.
• an optical element is thus produced, the embossed hologram of which is left out in partial areas.
• the partial areas can have an external form of information have, e.g. B. a number.
• the outer shape of the printed partial areas can correspond to an individual number, in order, for. B. to enable continuous registration of optical elements or the security features or value documents provided with them.
• the printing varnish can be applied to the embossing film in various ways. Application is particularly simple and reliable using a jet printer, similar to an inkjet printer, which applies the printing varnish in the desired outer shape. Application with a laser printer also enables simple and reliable design.
• the printing varnish is transparent or colored transparent.
• Such an embodiment increases the security against forgery of the finished optical element, since the surface in the partial areas does not differ from the surrounding embossed hologram areas by a completely different color or permeability.
• the optical element produced by a method according to the invention can be used in various ways, e.g. B. can be used and secured as a security element. It is particularly simple and therefore advantageous if only after Carrying out all the embossing processes, an adhesive layer is applied to the non-embossed side in order to attach the optical element to the object to be secured. An adhesive layer that is only stuck on after all embossing processes have been carried out does not hinder the embossing processes.
• An adhesive coating in the form of a hot-melt adhesive coating which can be treated thermally is particularly advantageous.
• a metallization or coating with a highly refractive material is advantageously carried out at least at the end of all the embossing processes in order to protect the structure or to make the holographic effect easy to display.
• Embossable substrate surfaces in particular and particularly advantageously hot stamping foils, sticker stamping foils, paper coated with thermal lacquer or substrate surfaces coated with UV lacquer, can be used for the method according to the invention.
• An optical element according to the invention of another embodiment which can also be used particularly advantageously as a security feature for a value document, comprises an embossed hologram in an embossed layer, at least a partial area of the relief embossed in the embossed layer being filled in, so that no holographic reconstruction can take place in the partial area ,
• an embossed hologram is provided in an embossed layer, the relief being left out in at least one partial area in the embossed layer.
• FIG. 1 shows a document of value according to the invention with an optical feature according to the invention
• FIG. 2 shows an optical element according to the invention
• FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of an optical element according to the invention
• FIG. 4 shows an embossing stamp of a numbering embossing tool according to the invention
• FIG. 5 shows the top view of an optical element according to the invention in accordance with a further embodiment
• FIG. 6 shows a cross section along the line A-A of FIG. 5.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of z. B. a banknote 1. On this banknote information is known in a known manner. B. the value and image information applied, which are of no further interest here and are accordingly not included in the figure. Banknote 1 may contain various security features, such as. B. watermarks or guioches, which are also not shown here. 3 denotes a security feature according to the invention on the banknote 1 according to the invention. Among other things, the security feature 3 according to the invention comprises a number 5, in the example shown the number “123”.
• Figure 2 shows the security feature of this embodiment according to the invention in an enlarged view. It comprises a first embossed hologram 30, which is only shown schematically in the form of lines.
• This first embossed hologram can be a diffraction grating.
• the distance between the individual grating strips is typically a few 100 nm in order to be able to produce interference effects in visible light in a known manner.
• the invention is not limited to such stripe-shaped holograms, but can have any embossed hologram shapes that represent other information holographically, e.g. B. the image of a three-dimensional object.
• the embossed structure 50 of which is again only drawn in the form of lines in a highly schematic representation.
• a possible embodiment again comprises a diffraction grating similar to diffraction grating 30.
• the spacing of the individual grating strips is different, so that a different wavelength interferes in this diffraction grating than in the first embossed hologram.
• the second embossed hologram 50 reconstructs in a different direction, which is to be indicated schematically by the other hatching direction in FIG. 2.
• any other holographic information can be stored, e.g. B. the three-dimensional holographic image of an object.
• the outer shape of the second embossed hologram 50 shows the number “123” in the example shown.
• FIG. 3 shows an embodiment in which the second embossed hologram 51, again indicated very schematically only as hatching, has cutouts in the form of numbers.
• the first embossing hologram 30 is in these recesses 31 visible.
• the numbers of the number "123" shown as an example are surrounded by the second embossed hologram 51.
• FIG. 4 shows the embossing stamp of an embodiment of a numbering embossing work according to the invention.
• the embossing stamp 7 for a structure 9, here the number “1”, is shown.
• the number “1” is raised in an inverted representation.
• the embossed structure 11 for an embossed hologram is applied to the embossed surface of the raised digit as a nickel matrix.
• the representation is only indicated very schematically as hatching.
• Optical elements according to the invention can be produced as follows using a method according to the invention.
• a first embossing hologram 30 is introduced into an embossable foil, which is either completely formed as an embossing layer or comprises an embossing layer, in the conventional way.
• the embossing layer can be a thermal lacquer layer in which a hologram is hot-embossed in a known manner.
• the desired embossed hologram structure is embossed using a hot stamp. This process can happen in mass production.
• the first embossed hologram structure can be embossed onto a larger film unit and cut later.
• the film produced in this way with the first embossing hologram 30 in the embossing layer is fed to a numbering tool which is suitable for embossing consecutive numbers.
• a number is embossed in the same embossing layer in which the first embossing hologram 30 is located and in this way replaces the embossed structure of the first embossing hologram in the outer shape of the embossing surface of the embossing stamp of the numbering tool.
• the second embossing hologram 50, 51 is thus embossed into the first embossing hologram structure 30 in the outer form of the numbers of the numbering tool.
• Different shapes for the numbers are conceivable.
• the numbers of the second embossed hologram structure can positively represent a number as shown in FIG. B. in Figure 3, appear in negative form as a border.
• the embossing stamp 7 is shown for a positive number “1”.
• the second embossing hologram structure is located, for example, as a nickel die on the embossing surface 11 of an embossing stamp of the numbering tool.
• a nickel strip is placed around the number ring of the numbering embossing tool The structure of the nickel strip is shaped into the embossing layer of the first embossing hologram with the aid of the numbering tool, without the embossing surfaces of the numbering ring itself having to be structured.
• FIG. 5 shows a further security feature 3 according to the invention, which can be provided on a bank note 1.
• the security feature according to this embodiment again comprises a number 5, in the example shown the number “123”.
• the security feature of this embodiment according to the invention comprises an embossed hologram 63, which in turn is only shown schematically in the form of lines.
• This embossed hologram can also be a diffraction grating, the grating spacing of which is typically a few 100 nm, in order to be able to produce interference effects of visible light in a known manner.
• the embossed hologram is not limited to such strip-shaped holograms, but can have any embossed hologram that represents other information holographically, e.g. B. the image of a three-dimensional object.
• embossing hologram 63 Within the contours of the embossing hologram 63 are areas 61 which do not have an embossing structure, such as the surrounding embossing hologram 63. This can be achieved in various ways, which are described below. No holographic reconstruction takes place in the areas 61 when illuminated, so that the holographic effect is left out in these areas.
• the entire security feature 3 thus shows a holographic effect, e.g. B the representation of a three-dimensional object. Only the partial areas 61 in the outer shape of the number "123" do not holographically reconstruct an image, so that they become recognizable and the information about their outer shape is visible.
• An embossing hologram 63 is introduced into an embossable foil, which is either completely embodied as an embossing foil or comprises an embossing layer. It can be in the embossing z.
• B. can be a thermal lacquer layer in which a hologram is hot-stamped in a known manner.
• the desired embossed hologram structure is also embossed using a hot embossing stamp. This process can be done in mass production.
• B. can be embossed on a larger film unit and cut later.
• printing varnish 61 is applied to the embossed hologram structure 63 in the desired outer shape, here the number “123”, in order to fill up the relief of the embossed hologram structure. This is visible in section in FIG. In the areas filled with printing varnish 61, the embossed hologram layer 63 no longer holographically reconstructs when illuminated with reconstruction light.
• printing varnish 61 is applied to an embossable film in a desired outer shape, e.g. B. in the form of the number "123".
• the film thus partially provided with printing varnish is embossed in a manner known for embossing holograms, so that embossing hologram 63 is produced.
• Embossing is carried out in the areas printed with printing varnish 61 currency prevented by the embossing step, so that no holographic reconstruction can take place in the finished optical element.
• a hot-melt adhesive layer is applied to the back of the optical element 3 only after all the necessary embossing processes have been carried out, with the aid of which the optical element can be attached to the value document 1. Since this adhesive layer is only carried out after all stamping processes, it cannot interfere with the previous process steps.
• hot stamping foil, sticker stamping foil, paper coated with thermal lacquer or substrate surfaces coated with UV lacquer can be used as the embossable substrate surface.
• the invention is not limited to a single number 5.
• the method and the optical features are particularly advantageous if the outer shape of the differently reconstructing holographic area 50, 31 or of the non-holographically reconstructing area 61 is a consecutive number that is assigned individually for each optical element. In this way, individualization of the respective optical element is possible, e.g. B. in the manner of a registration number for a value document.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Holo Graphy (AREA)
• Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
• Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

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Citations (3)

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• 2001
  • 2001-05-30 DE DE10126342A patent/DE10126342C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2002
  • 2002-05-29 EP EP02774033A patent/EP1395881A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2002-05-29 UA UA20031212942A patent/UA77418C2/uk unknown
  • 2002-05-29 CZ CZ20033257A patent/CZ20033257A3/cs unknown
  • 2002-05-29 RU RU2003136081/28A patent/RU2280885C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2002-05-29 US US10/479,034 patent/US7149013B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2002-05-29 WO PCT/EP2002/005930 patent/WO2002097537A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
• 2006
  • 2006-06-12 US US11/450,402 patent/US7420720B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

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