EP1369498A1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Hochgeschwindigkeits-Flammspritzen - Google Patents
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Hochgeschwindigkeits-Flammspritzen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1369498A1 EP1369498A1 EP03011231A EP03011231A EP1369498A1 EP 1369498 A1 EP1369498 A1 EP 1369498A1 EP 03011231 A EP03011231 A EP 03011231A EP 03011231 A EP03011231 A EP 03011231A EP 1369498 A1 EP1369498 A1 EP 1369498A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- nozzle
- powder tube
- nozzle body
- spraying device
- speed flame
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
- B05B7/20—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed by flame or combustion
- B05B7/201—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed by flame or combustion downstream of the nozzle
- B05B7/205—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed by flame or combustion downstream of the nozzle the material to be sprayed being originally a particulate material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/129—Flame spraying
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for producing a coating or a molding by means of high-speed flame spraying, in which the powdered spray particles in a flame jet of combustion gases by means of a powder tube are injected and the spray article at a relaxation of the Flame jet brought in a Laval nozzle to speeds of up to 800 m / sec become.
- High-speed flame spraying is caused by high combustion Pressure produces over 2000 m / s faster flame jet and the powder in these Injected jet.
- a fuel gas or kerosene as well Oxygen is directed into the high pressure combustion chamber of the spray gun.
- fuel gases serve propane, propylene, hydrogen, ethene and acetylene.
- the high pressure combustion chamber finds the combustion at a pressure of 0.3 to 0.5 MPa or 0.5 to 1.5 MPa instead.
- Spray guns in the lower of said pressure ranges working are attributed to the first and second generation, while the Spray guns in the high pressure range of the third generation are attributed.
- the Flame jet reaches its high speed through expansion. At the first and second generation, the expansion takes place at the outlet of the spray gun.
- Laval nozzles exist from a convergent and a divergent adjoining in the current direction Section.
- the contour of the nozzle must be in the divergent area in certain Be shaped so that it does not come to flow separation and no compression shocks occur and the flow obeys the laws of de Laval.
- Laval nozzles are characterized by this contour and the length of the divergent Section and further by the ratio of the outlet cross-section to narrowest cross section. The narrowest cross-section of the Laval nozzle is called nozzle throat.
- the injection of the spray particles into the flame jet is solved differently. Both The spray guns of the first and second generation, the powder is axially and centrally in injected the high pressure combustion chamber.
- the injection is either also axial and centric or the powder is only behind the nozzle throat, radially into the already expanding flame jet injected. If the powder is already injected in the high-pressure combustion chamber, reach the Sprays significantly higher temperatures than an injection behind the Nozzle throat.
- the spray guns with powder feed into the combustion chamber are therefore only for Heat resistant materials, such as ceramics, suitable while Spray guns with radial spray particle supply at the gun outlet also for spraying low melting temperature materials, such as aluminum and Copper alloys, can be used.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object, a method and a Specify device for high-speed flame spraying, which the injection the spray particles only outside the hot combustion chamber and avoiding the mentioned disadvantages of uneven acceleration and nozzle erosion performs.
- This object is achieved in that the injection of the spray particles axially and centrally in the divergent section of the Laval nozzle.
- the axial and centric injection of the spray particles ensures a uniform acceleration the spray particles. Since the spray particles are injected in the center of the flame jet be, all particles experience almost the same acceleration forces and reach consequently almost the same final speed. Consequently, those with the inventive Process produced coatings and moldings qualitatively extremely high quality.
- the axial and centric spray particle injection avoid erosion of the inner nozzle wall, since the spray particles in Direction of the flame jet to be injected and from this straight ahead in the spray direction be guided. Furthermore, by this injection turbulences and ' Turbulence minimized, and thus results in an optimal acceleration of the spray particles.
- the passage for the flame jet at the narrowest point an annular cross-section. This is limited to the inside by the outer contour of the powder tube and outwardly bounded by the inner contour of the nozzle tube. In this passage, the flame jet is accelerated. Due to the size of the passage is also the consumption of combustion gases and thus given to fuel and oxygen. Because of the circular Cross section without problems can be chosen small, is the proposed here Method economically applicable.
- the high-speed flame-spraying device is characterized characterized in that the powder tube axially and within the outer nozzle body ends centrally in the divergent section.
- the inventive arrangement of the powder tube minimizes the erosion of the outer nozzle body, as the flow direction the flame jet is taken into account in the arrangement of the flame jet and the Spray particles during injection no velocity component in the direction of own outer nozzle wall.
- the high speed flame spraying device gives by the centric arrangement of the powder tube also the conditions for optimal Acceleration of the spray particles before. Also disturbing turbulences and turbulences prevents the arrangement of the invention largely.
- a Laval nozzle is easy to produce, since by the inventive Construction the inner contour of the outer nozzle body and / or the outside of the Powder tube is finished.
- the inside powder tube has on its outside a contour designed in such a way that together with a smooth, cylindrical Inner contour of the outer nozzle body results in a Laval nozzle.
- a Laval nozzle results from an inside powder tube with a smoother cylindrical outside and outside nozzle body, on its inside is shaped accordingly.
- the Laval nozzle is formed in another way by the necessary Contour for the Laval nozzle partially on the outside of the powder tube and partly is applied on the inside of the outer nozzle body.
- the opening ratio of the Laval nozzle i. the ratio of the cross-sectional area for the gas passage at the narrowest point to the cross section at the outlet of the nozzle, lies in an advantageous embodiment between 1: 2 and 1:25, preferably between 1: 5 and 1:11.
- the outer nozzle body has in the convergent region a circular cross-section, in the divergent region of the nozzle in a rectangular cross-section passes.
- both the powder tube and the outer nozzle body exist each of a metallic material, a ceramic or a composite material with metallic or ceramic components.
- Powder tube and nozzle body exist in an advantageous embodiment of different materials. In question come for this different metal alloys, different ceramics, Plastics or a combination of different materials, e.g. Metal / ceramic, metal / plastic, ceramic / plastic.
- the outer nozzle body made of metal, while the inner powder tube made of ceramic is made.
- Powder tube and / or outer nozzle body are in an advantageous variant of - in Viewed flow direction - two or more parts joined together, where the first part covers the area around the nozzle throat and a second one until the Nozzle outlet reaching part of it adjoins.
- the second part is easy too exchange and will be in terms of its shape and choice of materials according to the requirements selected from the different spray materials.
- the two just mentioned Parts are advantageously made of different materials.
- FIG. 1 shows the principle of the expansion nozzle. This principle is for example at the JP-5000 system, the third generation of high-speed flame-spraying devices belongs, used.
- the supply pipe 4 closes the High pressure combustion chamber 3 on followed by the Laval nozzle 5 with the nozzle constriction and the end piece 6, in which the powder tubes 2 lead.
- kerosene and oxygen enter the high-pressure combustion chamber 3, where the two Substances react with each other.
- the combustion gases form a flame jet, which accelerates by expansion in the Laval nozzle 5 to supersonic speed becomes.
- the powder with two powder tubes injected radially into the flame jet.
- the high-speed flame spraying device shown schematically in FIG comprises a Laval nozzle 5 with an outer nozzle body 1, a powder tube 2, a Hochruckbrennhunt 3 and two feed pipes 4. Pass through the supply pipes 4 Fuel gas and oxygen in the high-pressure combustion chamber 3, where the chemical reaction takes place. Kerosene can be used instead of the fuel gas. The combustion gases expand in the subsequent to the high-pressure combustion chamber Laval nozzle 5.
- the powder tube 2 ends only in the convergent section of the Laval nozzle 5.
- the outer surface of the powder tube 2 and the inner surface of the outer nozzle body 1 are inventively designed such that the expansion nozzle 5 obeying the laws of de Laval.
- FIG. 3 shows three particularly advantageous embodiments of an inventive High-speed flame spraying device with outer nozzle body 1 and Powder tube 2, with particular reference to the design of the powder tube 2 and the outer nozzle body 1 is taken.
- Figures 3a, b and c is the powder tube 2 each surrounded by the outer nozzle body 1.
- the combination of the inner Contour of the outer nozzle body and the outer shape of the powder tube result a Laval nozzle.
- Fig. 3a results in a smooth, cylindrical inner shape of the outer Nozzle body together with an outwardly curved outer contour of the powder tube the Laval nozzle.
- the powder tube is cylindrically shaped and the outer nozzle body swung in its inside. Nozzle body and powder tube are so curved in Fig. 3c, so that necessary for the Laval nozzle Contour of the combination of the shapes of the outside of the powder tube and the inside of the outer nozzle body results.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
- Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
- Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Beschichtung oder eines Formteils mittels Hochgeschwindigkeits-Flammspritzen, bei dem pulverförmige Spritzpartikel in einen Flammstrahl aus Verbrennungsgasen injiziert werden und die Spritzpartikel bei einer Entspannung des Flammstrahls in einer Lavaldüse auf Geschwindigkeiten von bis zu 800 m/s gebracht werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Injektion die Spritzpartikel axial und zentrisch im divergenten Abschnitt der Lavaldüse erfolgt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spritzpartikel mittels eines koaxial in einem äußeren Düsenkörper angeordneten, in Spritzrichtung orientieren Pulverrohrs in den Flammstrahl injiziert werden, wobei das Pulverrohr in seiner äußeren Form zusammen mit der inneren Form des äußeren Düsenkörpers eine de Laval'sche Düse ergeben.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Injektion der Spritzpartikel an einem Ort erfolgt, der in dem Bereich zwischen einem Viertel und der Hälfte einer Strecke liegt, deren Anfangspunkt durch den Düsenhals und deren Endpunkt durch den Düsenaustritt festgelegt ist, wobei vom Düsenhals aus gemessen wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Durchlass für den Flammstrahl an der engsten Stelle einen kreisringförmigen Querschnitt hat, der nach innen begrenzt wird durch die äußere Kontur des Pulverrohrs und nach außen begrenzt wird durch die innere Kontur des Düsenrohrs.
- Hochgeschwindigkeits-Flammspritz-Einrichtung mit einer Lavaldüse bestehend aus einem äußeren Düsenkörper (1) und einem Pulverrohr (2), wobei das Pulverrohr für die Zufuhr von Spritzpartikeln innerhalb des äußeren Düsenkörpers sorgt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Pulverrohr innerhalb des äußeren Düsenkörpers axial und zentrisch im divergenten Abschnitt der Lavaldüse endet.
- Hochgeschwindigkeits-Flammspritz-Einrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die innere Form eines äußeren Düsenkörpers zusammen mit der äußeren Form eines koaxial in dem äußeren Düsenkörper angeordneten, in Spritzrichtung orientiertem Pulverrohr eine Lavaldüse ergeben.
- Hochgeschwindigkeits-Flammspritz-Einrichtung nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das innen befindliche Pulverrohr auf seiner Außenseite eine derart gestaltete Kontur hat, dass sich zusammen mit einer glatten, zylindrischen Innenkontur des äußeren Düsenkörpers eine Lavaldüse ergibt.
- Hochgeschwindigkeits-Flammspritz-Einrichtung nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das innen befindliche Pulverrohr eine glatte zylindrische Außenseite hat und der außen liegende Düsenkörper auf seiner Innenseite so geformt ist, dass sich eine Lavaldüse ergibt.
- Hochgeschwindigkeits-Flammspritz-Einrichtung nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die notwendige Kontur für eine Lavaldüse teilweise auf der Außenseite des Pulverrohres und teilweise auf der Innenseite des äußeren Düsenkörpers aufgebracht wird.
- Hochgeschwindigkeits-Flammspritz-Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Öffnungsverhältnis der Lavaldüse, d. h. das Verhältnis der Querschnittsfläche für den Gasdurchlass an der engsten Stelle zum Querschnitt am Austritt der Düse, zwischen 1 : 2 und 1 : 25, vorzugsweise zwischen 1 : 5 und 1 : 11 liegt.
- Hochgeschwindigkeits-Flammspritz-Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der äußere Düsenkörper im konvergenten Bereich einen kreisringförmigen Querschnitt hat, der in der Nähe des Düsenhalses oder im divergenten Bereich der Düse in einen rechteckigen Querschnitt übergeht.
- Hochgeschwindigkeits-Flammspritz-Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Pulverrohr und äußerer Düsenkörper jeweils aus einem metallischen Werkstoff, einer Keramik oder einem Verbundwerkstoff mit metallischen oder keramischen Bestandteilen bestehen.
- Hochgeschwindigkeits-Flammspritz-Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Pulverrohr und äußerer Düsenkörper aus unterschiedlichen Materialien bestehen.
- Hochgeschwindigkeits-Flammspritz-Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Pulverrohr und/oder äußerer Düsenkörper - in Strömungsrichtung betrachtet - aus zwei oder mehr Teilen zusammengefügt sind, bei denen das erste Teil den Bereich um den Düsenhals umfasst und sich ein zweites bis zum Düsenaustritt reichendes Teil daran anschließt, wobei das zweite Teil leicht auswechselbar ist.
- Hochgeschwindigkeits-Flammspritz-Einrichtung nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Teile aus unterschiedlichen Werkstoffen bestehen.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10222660A DE10222660A1 (de) | 2002-05-22 | 2002-05-22 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Hochgeschwindigkeits-Flammspritzen |
DE10222660 | 2002-05-22 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1369498A1 true EP1369498A1 (de) | 2003-12-10 |
EP1369498B1 EP1369498B1 (de) | 2004-12-22 |
Family
ID=29414035
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03011231A Expired - Lifetime EP1369498B1 (de) | 2002-05-22 | 2003-05-16 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Hochgeschwindigkeits-Flammspritzen |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6972138B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1369498B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE285483T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE10222660A1 (de) |
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EP1638698A1 (de) * | 2003-05-02 | 2006-03-29 | Praxair S.T. Technology, Inc. | Vorrichtung für thermische spritzverfahren |
EP1700638A1 (de) | 2005-03-09 | 2006-09-13 | SNT Co., Ltd. | Düse zum Kaltgasspritzen und Vorrichtung mit solch einer Düse |
EP1888803A1 (de) * | 2005-05-20 | 2008-02-20 | Obschestvo S Organichennoi Otvetstvenoctiju Obninsky Tsentr Poroshkovogo Naplyleniya | Verfahren zum gasdynamischen aufbringen von beschichtungen und beschichtungsverfahren |
WO2008025815A1 (de) * | 2006-08-30 | 2008-03-06 | H.C. Starck Gmbh | Keramikdüse |
EP2014794A1 (de) | 2007-07-10 | 2009-01-14 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Kaltgasspritzdüse |
EP2014795A1 (de) | 2007-07-10 | 2009-01-14 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Kaltgasspritzdüse |
EP2052788A1 (de) * | 2007-10-24 | 2009-04-29 | Sulzer Metco (US) Inc. | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum verbesserten Vermischen von axial eingebrachtem Material in Flammspritzvorrichtungen |
WO2010037548A1 (de) * | 2008-10-01 | 2010-04-08 | Technische Universität Chemnitz | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum thermischen beschichten von oberflächen, insbesondere hochgeschwindigkeitsflammspritzen |
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EP1625395B1 (de) * | 2003-05-14 | 2009-09-16 | InDex Pharmaceuticals AB | Verfahren zur identifizierung von tff2 regulierenden agentien |
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US8590804B2 (en) * | 2007-10-24 | 2013-11-26 | Sulzer Metco (Us) Inc. | Two stage kinetic energy spray device |
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US8791582B2 (en) | 2010-07-28 | 2014-07-29 | Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. | Integrated circuit package with voltage distributor |
FR2980126B1 (fr) * | 2011-09-15 | 2014-01-31 | Silimelt | Procede et installation pour le traitement d'une charge |
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DE102012000816A1 (de) | 2012-01-17 | 2013-07-18 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum thermischen Spritzen |
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FR2802844A1 (fr) * | 1999-12-23 | 2001-06-29 | Biodecap Ind | Buse de projection et dispositif de decapage muni de celle-ci |
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DE10126100A1 (de) * | 2001-05-29 | 2002-12-05 | Linde Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Kaltgasspritzen |
-
2002
- 2002-05-22 DE DE10222660A patent/DE10222660A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-05-16 EP EP03011231A patent/EP1369498B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-05-16 DE DE50300212T patent/DE50300212D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-05-16 AT AT03011231T patent/ATE285483T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-05-21 US US10/442,185 patent/US6972138B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
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GB548630A (en) * | 1941-03-11 | 1942-10-19 | Basil Desmond Harry Blount | Improvements relating to metal spraying |
US5520334A (en) * | 1993-01-21 | 1996-05-28 | White; Randall R. | Air and fuel mixing chamber for a tuneable high velocity thermal spray gun |
FR2802844A1 (fr) * | 1999-12-23 | 2001-06-29 | Biodecap Ind | Buse de projection et dispositif de decapage muni de celle-ci |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1638698A1 (de) * | 2003-05-02 | 2006-03-29 | Praxair S.T. Technology, Inc. | Vorrichtung für thermische spritzverfahren |
EP1638698A4 (de) * | 2003-05-02 | 2008-09-03 | Praxair Technology Inc | Vorrichtung für thermische spritzverfahren |
EP1700638A1 (de) | 2005-03-09 | 2006-09-13 | SNT Co., Ltd. | Düse zum Kaltgasspritzen und Vorrichtung mit solch einer Düse |
EP1888803A1 (de) * | 2005-05-20 | 2008-02-20 | Obschestvo S Organichennoi Otvetstvenoctiju Obninsky Tsentr Poroshkovogo Naplyleniya | Verfahren zum gasdynamischen aufbringen von beschichtungen und beschichtungsverfahren |
EP1888803A4 (de) * | 2005-05-20 | 2011-03-09 | Obschestvo S Organichennoi Otvetstvenoctiju Obninsky Ts Poroshkovogo Naplyleniya | Verfahren zum gasdynamischen aufbringen von beschichtungen und beschichtungsverfahren |
WO2008025815A1 (de) * | 2006-08-30 | 2008-03-06 | H.C. Starck Gmbh | Keramikdüse |
EP2014795A1 (de) | 2007-07-10 | 2009-01-14 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Kaltgasspritzdüse |
DE102007032021A1 (de) | 2007-07-10 | 2009-01-15 | Linde Ag | Kaltgasspritzdüse |
DE102007032022A1 (de) | 2007-07-10 | 2009-01-15 | Linde Ag | Kaltgasspritzdüse |
EP2014794A1 (de) | 2007-07-10 | 2009-01-14 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Kaltgasspritzdüse |
EP2052788A1 (de) * | 2007-10-24 | 2009-04-29 | Sulzer Metco (US) Inc. | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum verbesserten Vermischen von axial eingebrachtem Material in Flammspritzvorrichtungen |
US7836843B2 (en) | 2007-10-24 | 2010-11-23 | Sulzer Metco (Us), Inc. | Apparatus and method of improving mixing of axial injection in thermal spray guns |
US7989023B2 (en) | 2007-10-24 | 2011-08-02 | Sulzer Metco (Us), Inc. | Method of improving mixing of axial injection in thermal spray guns |
WO2010037548A1 (de) * | 2008-10-01 | 2010-04-08 | Technische Universität Chemnitz | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum thermischen beschichten von oberflächen, insbesondere hochgeschwindigkeitsflammspritzen |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE10222660A1 (de) | 2003-12-04 |
US20040018317A1 (en) | 2004-01-29 |
EP1369498B1 (de) | 2004-12-22 |
ATE285483T1 (de) | 2005-01-15 |
US6972138B2 (en) | 2005-12-06 |
DE50300212D1 (de) | 2005-01-27 |
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